See biegun in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": "sla-pro",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
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{
"args": {
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"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
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{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "biegun",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Polish biegun",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "biegun"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish biegun",
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{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "bieg",
"3": "-un"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, bieg + -un",
"name": "surf"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "el",
"3": "πόλος",
"senseid": "geography!!magnetism!!electricity"
},
"expansion": "Sense 1, sense 2 and sense 3 are semantic loans from Greek πόλος (pólos)",
"name": "sl"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "Bihun"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of Bihun",
"name": "dbt"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish biegun. By surface analysis, bieg + -un. Sense 1, sense 2 and sense 3 are semantic loans from Greek πόλος (pólos). Doublet of Bihun.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "biegunowy",
"tags": [
"adjective"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-in",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "biegun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bieguny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bieguna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "biegunów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "biegunowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "biegunom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "biegun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bieguny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "biegunem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "biegunami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "biegunie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "biegunach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "biegunie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "bieguny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "biegan",
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"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "biegon",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in",
"adj": "biegunowy"
},
"expansion": "biegun m inan (related adjective biegunowy)",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"bie‧gun"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "biegu",
"2": "n",
"3": "a"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-in"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Geography",
"orig": "pl:Geography",
"parents": [
"Earth sciences",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
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"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"pole (extreme of an axis)"
],
"id": "en-biegun-pl-noun-pl:geography",
"links": [
[
"geography",
"geography"
],
[
"pole",
"pole"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(geography) pole (extreme of an axis)"
],
"senseid": [
"pl:geography"
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"geography",
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},
{
"glosses": [
"pole (magnetic point)"
],
"id": "en-biegun-pl-noun-pl:magnetism",
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[
"pole",
"pole"
]
],
"senseid": [
"pl:magnetism"
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"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
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"name": "Polish terms with collocations",
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},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Electricity",
"orig": "pl:Electricity",
"parents": [
"Electromagnetism",
"Physics",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
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"_dis": "4 0 10 6 5 5 6 1 1 4 6 2 4 1 3 0 12 10 7 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "positive pole",
"text": "dodatni biegun",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "negative pole",
"text": "ujemny biegun",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"pole (contact on an electrical device, such as a battery, at which electric current enters or leaves)"
],
"id": "en-biegun-pl-noun-pl:electricity",
"links": [
[
"electricity",
"electricity"
],
[
"pole",
"pole"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(electricity) pole (contact on an electrical device, such as a battery, at which electric current enters or leaves)"
],
"senseid": [
"pl:electricity"
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"business",
"electrical-engineering",
"electricity",
"electromagnetism",
"energy",
"engineering",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"physics"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Geometry",
"orig": "pl:Geometry",
"parents": [
"Mathematics",
"Formal sciences",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"pole (fixed point relative to other points or lines)"
],
"id": "en-biegun-pl-noun-o1qC4DYN",
"links": [
[
"geometry",
"geometry"
],
[
"pole",
"pole"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(geometry) pole (fixed point relative to other points or lines)"
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"geometry",
"mathematics",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish terms with collocations",
"parents": [
"Terms with collocations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "the oppositepole",
"text": "przeciwległy/przeciwny/przeciwstawny biegun",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "an extreme pole",
"text": "skrajny biegun",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "a political pole",
"text": "biegun polityczny",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "a socail pole",
"text": "biegun społeczny",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to oscilate between poles",
"text": "oscylować między biegunami",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to be placed in a pole",
"text": "plasować się na biegunie",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to be in a pole",
"text": "znajdować się na biegunie",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"pole (something opposite to something else)"
],
"id": "en-biegun-pl-noun-AzOxXLo6",
"links": [
[
"pole",
"pole"
]
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish terms with collocations",
"parents": [
"Terms with collocations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "a pole of poverty",
"text": "biegun biedy/nędzy",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "a pole of wealth",
"text": "biegun bogactwa",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "a heat pole",
"text": "biegun ciepła",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "a cold pole",
"text": "biegun zimna",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "a growthpole",
"text": "biegun wzrostu",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"pole, heart, hub, center (place where a phenomenon occurs at its highest intensity)"
],
"id": "en-biegun-pl-noun-izuk-Nea",
"links": [
[
"pole",
"pole"
],
[
"heart",
"heart"
],
[
"hub",
"hub"
],
[
"center",
"center"
]
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish terms with collocations",
"parents": [
"Terms with collocations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "rocking chair",
"text": "fotel na biegunach",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "rocking horse",
"text": "konik/koń na biegunach",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "rocking toy",
"text": "zabawki na biegunach",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"rocker (arched piece at the base of something, i.e. a chair, that allows it to rock)"
],
"id": "en-biegun-pl-noun-aef4i2f3",
"links": [
[
"rocker",
"rocker"
]
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Near Masovian Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Milling",
"orig": "pl:Milling",
"parents": [
"Agriculture",
"Applied sciences",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"upper, thicker millstone rotating on a stationary saucer"
],
"id": "en-biegun-pl-noun-i0JzaZHu",
"links": [
[
"milling",
"milling"
],
[
"upper",
"upper"
],
[
"thicker",
"thicker"
],
[
"millstone",
"millstone"
],
[
"rotating",
"rotate"
],
[
"stationary",
"stationary"
],
[
"saucer",
"saucer"
]
],
"qualifier": "Near Masovian; milling; Near Masovian; milling",
"raw_glosses": [
"(Near Masovian, milling) upper, thicker millstone rotating on a stationary saucer"
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Przemyśl Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Architectural elements",
"orig": "pl:Architectural elements",
"parents": [
"Architecture",
"Applied sciences",
"Art",
"Sciences",
"Culture",
"All topics",
"Society",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"peg (that which a door or gate, etc., swings)"
],
"id": "en-biegun-pl-noun-fRzA1BO0",
"links": [
[
"architecture",
"architecture"
],
[
"peg",
"peg"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete or dialectal, Przemyśl, architecture) peg (that which a door or gate, etc., swings)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "czop"
}
],
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"inanimate",
"masculine",
"obsolete"
],
"topics": [
"architecture"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Mechanical engineering",
"orig": "pl:Mechanical engineering",
"parents": [
"Engineering",
"Applied sciences",
"Technology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"nut (for a bolt)"
],
"id": "en-biegun-pl-noun-BYIRKium",
"links": [
[
"mechanical engineering",
"mechanical engineering"
],
[
"nut",
"nut"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete, mechanical engineering) nut (for a bolt)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "mutra"
}
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine",
"obsolete"
],
"topics": [
"engineering",
"mechanical",
"mechanical-engineering",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbjɛ.ɡun/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbjɛ.ɡun/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbjɛ.ɡun/",
"note": "Near Masovian"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈbjɛ.ɡun]",
"note": "Przemyśl"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛɡun"
},
{
"homophone": "Biegun"
}
],
"word": "biegun"
}
{
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"args": {
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"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
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"3": "biegun",
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"g3": "",
"id": "",
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"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Polish biegun",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "biegun"
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"expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish biegun",
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{
"args": {
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"2": "bieg",
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"expansion": "By surface analysis, bieg + -un",
"name": "surf"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "el",
"3": "πόλος",
"senseid": "geography!!magnetism!!electricity"
},
"expansion": "Sense 1, sense 2 and sense 3 are semantic loans from Greek πόλος (pólos)",
"name": "sl"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "Bihun"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of Bihun",
"name": "dbt"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish biegun. By surface analysis, bieg + -un. Sense 1, sense 2 and sense 3 are semantic loans from Greek πόλος (pólos). Doublet of Bihun.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-anml",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
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]
},
{
"form": "biegun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bieguny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bieguna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "biegunów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "biegunowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "biegunom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bieguna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bieguny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "biegunem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "biegunami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "biegunie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "biegunach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "biegunie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "bieguny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "biegan",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "biegon",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-anml"
},
"expansion": "biegun m animal",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"bie‧gun"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-anml"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 3 4 3 1 4 2 1 5 4 1 1 3 12 2 5 1 2 1 11 11 8 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 2 3 3 0 4 1 1 5 4 1 1 4 14 1 6 1 1 0 13 12 8 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 0 8 4 3 5 6 1 0 4 11 1 6 1 3 0 13 11 8 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 1 5 4 2 4 4 1 1 3 12 2 4 1 2 1 15 11 7 14",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Horses",
"orig": "pl:Horses",
"parents": [
"Equids",
"Livestock",
"Odd-toed ungulates",
"Agriculture",
"Animals",
"Mammals",
"Applied sciences",
"Lifeforms",
"Vertebrates",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Chordates",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"runner (fast saddle horse or steed)"
],
"id": "en-biegun-pl-noun-VYCxd5WP",
"links": [
[
"runner",
"runner"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) runner (fast saddle horse or steed)"
],
"tags": [
"animal-not-person",
"archaic",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbjɛ.ɡun/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbjɛ.ɡun/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbjɛ.ɡun/",
"note": "Near Masovian"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈbjɛ.ɡun]",
"note": "Przemyśl"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛɡun"
},
{
"homophone": "Biegun"
}
],
"word": "biegun"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "biegun wzrostu"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "biegunka"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
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{
"args": {
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"3": "biegun",
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"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Polish biegun",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "biegun"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish biegun",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "bieg",
"3": "-un"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, bieg + -un",
"name": "surf"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "el",
"3": "πόλος",
"senseid": "geography!!magnetism!!electricity"
},
"expansion": "Sense 1, sense 2 and sense 3 are semantic loans from Greek πόλος (pólos)",
"name": "sl"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "Bihun"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of Bihun",
"name": "dbt"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish biegun. By surface analysis, bieg + -un. Sense 1, sense 2 and sense 3 are semantic loans from Greek πόλος (pólos). Doublet of Bihun.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-pr",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "biegun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bieguni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bieguny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"derogatory",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bieguna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "biegunów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "biegunowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "biegunom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bieguna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "biegunów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "biegunem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "biegunami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "biegunie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "biegunach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "biegunie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "bieguni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "biegan",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "biegon",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-pr"
},
"expansion": "biegun m pers",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"bie‧gun"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-pr"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "biegły"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "biegnikowy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "biegowy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "biegle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "biegowo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "biegunowo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bieg"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "biegacz"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "biegaczka"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bieganina"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "biegła"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "biegłość"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "biegnik"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "biegówka"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "biegunowość"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "biegus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "biec"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "biegać"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Christianity",
"orig": "pl:Christianity",
"parents": [
"Abrahamism",
"Religion",
"Culture",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"member of the Beguny subgroup of the Bezpopovtsy"
],
"id": "en-biegun-pl-noun-pJvwk2bE",
"links": [
[
"Christianity",
"Christianity"
],
[
"member",
"member"
],
[
"Beguny",
"Beguny"
],
[
"Bezpopovtsy",
"Bezpopovtsy"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Christianity) member of the Beguny subgroup of the Bezpopovtsy"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"person"
],
"topics": [
"Christianity"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"non-guild worker (non-guild craftsman who performs a craft without the guild's permission)"
],
"id": "en-biegun-pl-noun-0MX6ved2",
"links": [
[
"non-",
"non-"
],
[
"guild",
"guild"
],
[
"worker",
"worker"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) non-guild worker (non-guild craftsman who performs a craft without the guild's permission)"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"obsolete",
"person"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"runner (one who runs)"
],
"id": "en-biegun-pl-noun--hEsk6nF",
"links": [
[
"runner",
"runner"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) runner (one who runs)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "biegacz"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"obsolete",
"person"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"arbiter; moderator"
],
"id": "en-biegun-pl-noun-0K8LrPcv",
"links": [
[
"arbiter",
"arbiter"
],
[
"moderator",
"moderator"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) arbiter; moderator"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "arbiter"
},
{
"word": "pośrednik"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"obsolete",
"person"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"investigative police agent"
],
"id": "en-biegun-pl-noun-OdAdiqDx",
"links": [
[
"investigative",
"investigative"
],
[
"police",
"police"
],
[
"agent",
"agent"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) investigative police agent"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"obsolete",
"person"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "3 3 4 3 1 4 2 1 5 4 1 1 3 12 2 5 1 2 1 11 11 8 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 2 3 3 0 4 1 1 5 4 1 1 4 14 1 6 1 1 0 13 12 8 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 0 8 4 3 5 6 1 0 4 11 1 6 1 3 0 13 11 8 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 0 10 6 5 5 6 1 1 4 6 2 4 1 3 0 12 10 7 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 0 8 5 4 5 6 1 0 4 8 1 5 1 4 0 14 11 7 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 0 8 5 4 5 6 1 0 4 8 1 5 1 4 0 14 11 7 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 1 4 2 1 3 4 2 1 3 8 2 5 2 4 1 15 13 9 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish terms suffixed with -un",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 1 5 4 2 4 4 1 1 3 12 2 4 1 2 1 15 11 7 14",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Horses",
"orig": "pl:Horses",
"parents": [
"Equids",
"Livestock",
"Odd-toed ungulates",
"Agriculture",
"Animals",
"Mammals",
"Applied sciences",
"Lifeforms",
"Vertebrates",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Chordates",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"wanderer; homeless person; vagabond,; rogue; exile; pilgrim; beggar"
],
"id": "en-biegun-pl-noun-cAaYPsKi",
"raw_glosses": [
"(Middle Polish) wanderer; homeless person; vagabond,; rogue; exile; pilgrim; beggar"
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish",
"masculine",
"person"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "3 3 4 3 1 4 2 1 5 4 1 1 3 12 2 5 1 2 1 11 11 8 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 2 3 3 0 4 1 1 5 4 1 1 4 14 1 6 1 1 0 13 12 8 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 0 8 4 3 5 6 1 0 4 11 1 6 1 3 0 13 11 8 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 0 8 5 4 5 6 1 0 4 8 1 5 1 4 0 14 11 7 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 0 8 5 4 5 6 1 0 4 8 1 5 1 4 0 14 11 7 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 1 4 2 1 3 4 2 1 3 8 2 5 2 4 1 15 13 9 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish terms suffixed with -un",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 1 5 4 2 4 4 1 1 3 12 2 4 1 2 1 15 11 7 14",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Horses",
"orig": "pl:Horses",
"parents": [
"Equids",
"Livestock",
"Odd-toed ungulates",
"Agriculture",
"Animals",
"Mammals",
"Applied sciences",
"Lifeforms",
"Vertebrates",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Chordates",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"procurer; suitor"
],
"id": "en-biegun-pl-noun-QOqfNihS",
"links": [
[
"procurer",
"procurer"
],
[
"suitor",
"suitor"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Middle Polish) procurer; suitor"
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish",
"masculine",
"person"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"messenger, courier (someone whose job is carrying messages)"
],
"id": "en-biegun-pl-noun-6IcR7yHx",
"links": [
[
"messenger",
"messenger"
],
[
"courier",
"courier"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Middle Polish) messenger, courier (someone whose job is carrying messages)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "goniec"
}
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish",
"masculine",
"person"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "3 3 4 3 1 4 2 1 5 4 1 1 3 12 2 5 1 2 1 11 11 8 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 2 3 3 0 4 1 1 5 4 1 1 4 14 1 6 1 1 0 13 12 8 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 0 8 4 3 5 6 1 0 4 11 1 6 1 3 0 13 11 8 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 0 10 6 5 5 6 1 1 4 6 2 4 1 3 0 12 10 7 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 0 8 5 4 5 6 1 0 4 8 1 5 1 4 0 14 11 7 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 0 8 5 4 5 6 1 0 4 8 1 5 1 4 0 14 11 7 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 1 4 2 1 3 4 2 1 3 8 2 5 2 4 1 15 13 9 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish terms suffixed with -un",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 1 5 4 2 4 4 1 1 3 12 2 4 1 2 1 15 11 7 14",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Horses",
"orig": "pl:Horses",
"parents": [
"Equids",
"Livestock",
"Odd-toed ungulates",
"Agriculture",
"Animals",
"Mammals",
"Applied sciences",
"Lifeforms",
"Vertebrates",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Chordates",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0 0 0 0 2 9 3 0 0 0 1 9 5 14 0 12 14 12 19",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "People",
"orig": "pl:People",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"fugitive"
],
"id": "en-biegun-pl-noun-aNCalFTZ",
"links": [
[
"fugitive",
"fugitive"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Middle Polish) fugitive"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "zbieg"
}
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish",
"masculine",
"person"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbjɛ.ɡun/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbjɛ.ɡun/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbjɛ.ɡun/",
"note": "Near Masovian"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈbjɛ.ɡun]",
"note": "Przemyśl"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛɡun"
},
{
"homophone": "Biegun"
}
],
"word": "biegun"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish 2-syllable words",
"Polish animal nouns",
"Polish doublets",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish inanimate nouns",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish masculine nouns",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish personal nouns",
"Polish semantic loans from Greek",
"Polish terms derived from Greek",
"Polish terms derived from Old Polish",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms inherited from Old Polish",
"Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms suffixed with -un",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Polish terms with homophones",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɛɡun",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɛɡun/2 syllables",
"pl:Horses",
"pl:People"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "biegun",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Polish biegun",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "biegun"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish biegun",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "bieg",
"3": "-un"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, bieg + -un",
"name": "surf"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "el",
"3": "πόλος",
"senseid": "geography!!magnetism!!electricity"
},
"expansion": "Sense 1, sense 2 and sense 3 are semantic loans from Greek πόλος (pólos)",
"name": "sl"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "Bihun"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of Bihun",
"name": "dbt"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish biegun. By surface analysis, bieg + -un. Sense 1, sense 2 and sense 3 are semantic loans from Greek πόλος (pólos). Doublet of Bihun.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "biegunowy",
"tags": [
"adjective"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-in",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "biegun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bieguny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bieguna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "biegunów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "biegunowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "biegunom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "biegun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bieguny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "biegunem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "biegunami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "biegunie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "biegunach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "biegunie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "bieguny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "biegan",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "biegon",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in",
"adj": "biegunowy"
},
"expansion": "biegun m inan (related adjective biegunowy)",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"bie‧gun"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "biegu",
"2": "n",
"3": "a"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-in"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"pl:Geography"
],
"glosses": [
"pole (extreme of an axis)"
],
"links": [
[
"geography",
"geography"
],
[
"pole",
"pole"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(geography) pole (extreme of an axis)"
],
"senseid": [
"pl:geography"
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"geography",
"natural-sciences"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"pole (magnetic point)"
],
"links": [
[
"pole",
"pole"
]
],
"senseid": [
"pl:magnetism"
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with collocations",
"pl:Electricity"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "positive pole",
"text": "dodatni biegun",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "negative pole",
"text": "ujemny biegun",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"pole (contact on an electrical device, such as a battery, at which electric current enters or leaves)"
],
"links": [
[
"electricity",
"electricity"
],
[
"pole",
"pole"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(electricity) pole (contact on an electrical device, such as a battery, at which electric current enters or leaves)"
],
"senseid": [
"pl:electricity"
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"business",
"electrical-engineering",
"electricity",
"electromagnetism",
"energy",
"engineering",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"physics"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"pl:Geometry"
],
"glosses": [
"pole (fixed point relative to other points or lines)"
],
"links": [
[
"geometry",
"geometry"
],
[
"pole",
"pole"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(geometry) pole (fixed point relative to other points or lines)"
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"geometry",
"mathematics",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with collocations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "the oppositepole",
"text": "przeciwległy/przeciwny/przeciwstawny biegun",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "an extreme pole",
"text": "skrajny biegun",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "a political pole",
"text": "biegun polityczny",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "a socail pole",
"text": "biegun społeczny",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to oscilate between poles",
"text": "oscylować między biegunami",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to be placed in a pole",
"text": "plasować się na biegunie",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to be in a pole",
"text": "znajdować się na biegunie",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"pole (something opposite to something else)"
],
"links": [
[
"pole",
"pole"
]
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with collocations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "a pole of poverty",
"text": "biegun biedy/nędzy",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "a pole of wealth",
"text": "biegun bogactwa",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "a heat pole",
"text": "biegun ciepła",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "a cold pole",
"text": "biegun zimna",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "a growthpole",
"text": "biegun wzrostu",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"pole, heart, hub, center (place where a phenomenon occurs at its highest intensity)"
],
"links": [
[
"pole",
"pole"
],
[
"heart",
"heart"
],
[
"hub",
"hub"
],
[
"center",
"center"
]
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with collocations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "rocking chair",
"text": "fotel na biegunach",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "rocking horse",
"text": "konik/koń na biegunach",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "rocking toy",
"text": "zabawki na biegunach",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"rocker (arched piece at the base of something, i.e. a chair, that allows it to rock)"
],
"links": [
[
"rocker",
"rocker"
]
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Near Masovian Polish",
"pl:Milling"
],
"glosses": [
"upper, thicker millstone rotating on a stationary saucer"
],
"links": [
[
"milling",
"milling"
],
[
"upper",
"upper"
],
[
"thicker",
"thicker"
],
[
"millstone",
"millstone"
],
[
"rotating",
"rotate"
],
[
"stationary",
"stationary"
],
[
"saucer",
"saucer"
]
],
"qualifier": "Near Masovian; milling; Near Masovian; milling",
"raw_glosses": [
"(Near Masovian, milling) upper, thicker millstone rotating on a stationary saucer"
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish dialectal terms",
"Polish terms with obsolete senses",
"Przemyśl Polish",
"pl:Architectural elements"
],
"glosses": [
"peg (that which a door or gate, etc., swings)"
],
"links": [
[
"architecture",
"architecture"
],
[
"peg",
"peg"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete or dialectal, Przemyśl, architecture) peg (that which a door or gate, etc., swings)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "czop"
}
],
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"inanimate",
"masculine",
"obsolete"
],
"topics": [
"architecture"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with obsolete senses",
"pl:Mechanical engineering"
],
"glosses": [
"nut (for a bolt)"
],
"links": [
[
"mechanical engineering",
"mechanical engineering"
],
[
"nut",
"nut"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete, mechanical engineering) nut (for a bolt)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "mutra"
}
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine",
"obsolete"
],
"topics": [
"engineering",
"mechanical",
"mechanical-engineering",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbjɛ.ɡun/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbjɛ.ɡun/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbjɛ.ɡun/",
"note": "Near Masovian"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈbjɛ.ɡun]",
"note": "Przemyśl"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛɡun"
},
{
"homophone": "Biegun"
}
],
"word": "biegun"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish 2-syllable words",
"Polish animal nouns",
"Polish doublets",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish inanimate nouns",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish masculine nouns",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish personal nouns",
"Polish semantic loans from Greek",
"Polish terms derived from Greek",
"Polish terms derived from Old Polish",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms inherited from Old Polish",
"Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms suffixed with -un",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Polish terms with homophones",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɛɡun",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɛɡun/2 syllables",
"pl:Horses",
"pl:People"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "biegun",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Polish biegun",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "biegun"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish biegun",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "bieg",
"3": "-un"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, bieg + -un",
"name": "surf"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "el",
"3": "πόλος",
"senseid": "geography!!magnetism!!electricity"
},
"expansion": "Sense 1, sense 2 and sense 3 are semantic loans from Greek πόλος (pólos)",
"name": "sl"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "Bihun"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of Bihun",
"name": "dbt"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish biegun. By surface analysis, bieg + -un. Sense 1, sense 2 and sense 3 are semantic loans from Greek πόλος (pólos). Doublet of Bihun.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-anml",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "biegun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bieguny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bieguna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "biegunów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "biegunowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "biegunom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bieguna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bieguny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "biegunem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "biegunami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "biegunie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "biegunach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "biegunie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "bieguny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "biegan",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "biegon",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-anml"
},
"expansion": "biegun m animal",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"bie‧gun"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-anml"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with archaic senses"
],
"glosses": [
"runner (fast saddle horse or steed)"
],
"links": [
[
"runner",
"runner"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) runner (fast saddle horse or steed)"
],
"tags": [
"animal-not-person",
"archaic",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbjɛ.ɡun/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbjɛ.ɡun/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbjɛ.ɡun/",
"note": "Near Masovian"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈbjɛ.ɡun]",
"note": "Przemyśl"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛɡun"
},
{
"homophone": "Biegun"
}
],
"word": "biegun"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish 2-syllable words",
"Polish animal nouns",
"Polish doublets",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish inanimate nouns",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish masculine nouns",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish personal nouns",
"Polish semantic loans from Greek",
"Polish terms derived from Greek",
"Polish terms derived from Old Polish",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms inherited from Old Polish",
"Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms suffixed with -un",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Polish terms with homophones",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɛɡun",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɛɡun/2 syllables",
"pl:Horses",
"pl:People"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "biegun wzrostu"
},
{
"word": "biegunka"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "biegun",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Polish biegun",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "biegun"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish biegun",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "bieg",
"3": "-un"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, bieg + -un",
"name": "surf"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "el",
"3": "πόλος",
"senseid": "geography!!magnetism!!electricity"
},
"expansion": "Sense 1, sense 2 and sense 3 are semantic loans from Greek πόλος (pólos)",
"name": "sl"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "Bihun"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of Bihun",
"name": "dbt"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish biegun. By surface analysis, bieg + -un. Sense 1, sense 2 and sense 3 are semantic loans from Greek πόλος (pólos). Doublet of Bihun.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-pr",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "biegun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bieguni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bieguny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"derogatory",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bieguna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "biegunów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "biegunowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "biegunom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bieguna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "biegunów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "biegunem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "biegunami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "biegunie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "biegunach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "biegunie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "bieguni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "biegan",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "biegon",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-pr"
},
"expansion": "biegun m pers",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"bie‧gun"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-pr"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "biegły"
},
{
"word": "biegnikowy"
},
{
"word": "biegowy"
},
{
"word": "biegle"
},
{
"word": "biegowo"
},
{
"word": "biegunowo"
},
{
"word": "bieg"
},
{
"word": "biegacz"
},
{
"word": "biegaczka"
},
{
"word": "bieganina"
},
{
"word": "biegła"
},
{
"word": "biegłość"
},
{
"word": "biegnik"
},
{
"word": "biegówka"
},
{
"word": "biegunowość"
},
{
"word": "biegus"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "biec"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "biegać"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"pl:Christianity"
],
"glosses": [
"member of the Beguny subgroup of the Bezpopovtsy"
],
"links": [
[
"Christianity",
"Christianity"
],
[
"member",
"member"
],
[
"Beguny",
"Beguny"
],
[
"Bezpopovtsy",
"Bezpopovtsy"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Christianity) member of the Beguny subgroup of the Bezpopovtsy"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"person"
],
"topics": [
"Christianity"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"non-guild worker (non-guild craftsman who performs a craft without the guild's permission)"
],
"links": [
[
"non-",
"non-"
],
[
"guild",
"guild"
],
[
"worker",
"worker"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) non-guild worker (non-guild craftsman who performs a craft without the guild's permission)"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"obsolete",
"person"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"runner (one who runs)"
],
"links": [
[
"runner",
"runner"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) runner (one who runs)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "biegacz"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"obsolete",
"person"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"arbiter; moderator"
],
"links": [
[
"arbiter",
"arbiter"
],
[
"moderator",
"moderator"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) arbiter; moderator"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "arbiter"
},
{
"word": "pośrednik"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"obsolete",
"person"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"investigative police agent"
],
"links": [
[
"investigative",
"investigative"
],
[
"police",
"police"
],
[
"agent",
"agent"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) investigative police agent"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"obsolete",
"person"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle Polish"
],
"glosses": [
"wanderer; homeless person; vagabond,; rogue; exile; pilgrim; beggar"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Middle Polish) wanderer; homeless person; vagabond,; rogue; exile; pilgrim; beggar"
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish",
"masculine",
"person"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle Polish"
],
"glosses": [
"procurer; suitor"
],
"links": [
[
"procurer",
"procurer"
],
[
"suitor",
"suitor"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Middle Polish) procurer; suitor"
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish",
"masculine",
"person"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle Polish"
],
"glosses": [
"messenger, courier (someone whose job is carrying messages)"
],
"links": [
[
"messenger",
"messenger"
],
[
"courier",
"courier"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Middle Polish) messenger, courier (someone whose job is carrying messages)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "goniec"
}
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish",
"masculine",
"person"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle Polish"
],
"glosses": [
"fugitive"
],
"links": [
[
"fugitive",
"fugitive"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Middle Polish) fugitive"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "zbieg"
}
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish",
"masculine",
"person"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbjɛ.ɡun/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbjɛ.ɡun/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbjɛ.ɡun/",
"note": "Near Masovian"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈbjɛ.ɡun]",
"note": "Przemyśl"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛɡun"
},
{
"homophone": "Biegun"
}
],
"word": "biegun"
}
Download raw JSONL data for biegun meaning in Polish (20.0kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: obsolete or dialectal, Przemyśl, architecture",
"path": [
"biegun"
],
"section": "Polish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "biegun",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: obsolete or dialectal, Przemyśl, architecture",
"path": [
"biegun"
],
"section": "Polish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "biegun",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Polish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-02 using wiktextract (db0bec0 and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.