See خود in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ira-pro",
"3": "iir-pro",
"4": "ine-pro"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "pal",
"3": "BNPŠE"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian BNPŠE",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "peo",
"3": "*hvatah"
},
"expansion": "Old Persian *hvatah",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Persian BNPŠE, 𐭡𐭭𐭯𐭱𐭤 (xwad), from Old Persian *hvatah. Related to خدا (xodâ, “God”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "xod",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"f1tr": "",
"f2tr": "",
"f3tr": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"tr": "xod",
"tr2": "",
"tr3": ""
},
"expansion": "خود • (xod)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"tr": "xod"
},
"expansion": "خود • (xod)",
"name": "fa-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "39 0 39 22",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "fa",
"name": "Armor",
"orig": "fa:Armor",
"parents": [
"Technology",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"self, the self"
],
"id": "en-خود-fa-noun-HmZU2MFZ",
"links": [
[
"self",
"self"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[xʷað]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Persian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[xʊd̪]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[xʊd̪]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[xʊ]",
"tags": [
"Kabuli"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[xud̪̥]",
"note": "Hazaragi"
},
{
"ipa": "[xod̪̥]",
"tags": [
"Iran",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[χud̪]",
"tags": [
"Tajik",
"formal"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"fa:خود"
],
"word": "خود"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "az xod bixod šodan",
"word": "از خود بیخود شدن"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "be xodi-ye xod",
"word": "به خودی خود"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "bixod",
"word": "بیخود"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "bixodi",
"word": "بیخودی"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "xod be xod",
"word": "خود به خود"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "xod neveštan",
"word": "خود نوشتن"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "xod-âmuz",
"word": "خودآموز"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "xod-erzâyi",
"word": "خودارضایی"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "xodbin",
"word": "خودبین"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "xodrow",
"word": "خودرو"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "xodkâr",
"word": "خودکار"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "xod-koši",
"word": "خودکشی"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "xodi",
"word": "خودی"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "as",
"2": "খোদ",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Assamese: খোদ (khüd)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Assamese: খোদ (khüd)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hy",
"2": "Խոդ",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Armenian: Խոդ (Xod)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Armenian: Խոդ (Xod)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bn",
"2": "খোদ",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Bengali: খোদ (khōd)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Bengali: খোদ (khōd)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gu",
"2": "ખુદ",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Gujarati: ખુદ (khud)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Gujarati: ખુદ (khud)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-hnd",
"2": "-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Hindustani:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Hindustani:"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "ख़ुद"
},
"expansion": "Hindi: ख़ुद (xud)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Hindi: ख़ुद (xud)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "خود",
"tr": "xud"
},
"expansion": "Urdu: خود (xud)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Urdu: خود (xud)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mr",
"2": "खुद्द",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Marathi: खुद्द (khudda)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Marathi: खुद्द (khudda)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pa",
"2": "-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Punjabi:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Punjabi:"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pa",
"2": "ਖ਼ੁਦ",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Gurmukhi script: ਖ਼ੁਦ (xud)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gurmukhi script: ਖ਼ੁਦ (xud)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pa",
"2": "خود",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Shahmukhi script: خود (xod)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Shahmukhi script: خود (xod)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ira-pro",
"3": "iir-pro",
"4": "ine-pro"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "pal",
"3": "BNPŠE"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian BNPŠE",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "peo",
"3": "*hvatah"
},
"expansion": "Old Persian *hvatah",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Persian BNPŠE, 𐭡𐭭𐭯𐭱𐭤 (xwad), from Old Persian *hvatah. Related to خدا (xodâ, “God”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "xod",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "pronoun",
"tr": "xod"
},
"expansion": "خود • (xod)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Persian reflexive pronouns",
"parents": [
"Reflexive pronouns",
"Personal pronouns",
"Pronouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "39 0 39 22",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "fa",
"name": "Armor",
"orig": "fa:Armor",
"parents": [
"Technology",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "You are attacking yourself, o simple man, like that lion who attacked himself.",
"ref": "c. 1260, Rumi, The Masnavi:",
"roman": "hamle bar xod mi-koni ey sâde mard, hamčo ân šir-i ke bar xod hamle kard.",
"text": "حمله بر خود میکنی ای ساده مرد، همچو آن شیری که بر خود حمله کرد.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "You are an enemy even with yourself.",
"ref": "2009, Shadmehr Aghili (lyrics and music), “تقدیر (taqdir)”:",
"roman": "to bâ xod-et ham došman-i.",
"text": "تو با خودت هم دشمنی.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"self, -self"
],
"id": "en-خود-fa-pron-KS0WF2~c",
"links": [
[
"self",
"self"
],
[
"-self",
"-self"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive pronoun) self, -self"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "خویش"
}
],
"tags": [
"pronoun",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Persian usage examples with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Usage examples with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "24 24 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Persian terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 2 23 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Persian terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 0 15 70",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 0 14 71",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 0 18 63",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Persian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 24 54",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Persian pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 0 39 22",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "fa",
"name": "Armor",
"orig": "fa:Armor",
"parents": [
"Technology",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 48 4 45",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "fa",
"name": "Headwear",
"orig": "fa:Headwear",
"parents": [
"Clothing",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "مادر خود را نمیشناسی؟ (More literary)\nmâdar-e xod-râ ne-mi-šenâsi?",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Don’t you recognize your own mother?",
"roman": "mâdar-e xod-et-o ne-mi-šnâsi?",
"text": "مادر خودت رو نمیشناسی؟ (More colloquial)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"one's own (in possessive constructions)"
],
"id": "en-خود-fa-pron-NzYlGqW5",
"links": [
[
"own",
"own"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(emphatic) one's own (in possessive constructions)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "خویش"
}
],
"tags": [
"emphatic"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[xʷað]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Persian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[xʊd̪]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[xʊd̪]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[xʊ]",
"tags": [
"Kabuli"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[xud̪̥]",
"note": "Hazaragi"
},
{
"ipa": "[xod̪̥]",
"tags": [
"Iran",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[χud̪]",
"tags": [
"Tajik",
"formal"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"fa:خود"
],
"word": "خود"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pa",
"2": "-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Punjabi:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Punjabi:"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pa",
"2": "ਖੋਦ",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Gurmukhi script: ਖੋਦ (khod)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gurmukhi script: ਖੋਦ (khod)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pa",
"2": "خود",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "Shahmukhi script: خود (xod)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Shahmukhi script: خود (xod)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "helmet"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "pal",
"3": "xwd",
"t": "helm",
"tr": "xōd"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian xwd (xōd, “helm”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "xpr",
"3": "xwwd",
"gloss": "helmet",
"tr": "*xōδ"
},
"expansion": "Parthian xwwd (*xōδ, “helmet”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-old"
},
"expansion": "Old Iranian",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kadʰ-",
"4": "",
"5": "to guard, cover, care for, protect"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kadʰ- (“to guard, cover, care for, protect”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "peo",
"2": "𐎧𐎢𐎭𐎠",
"3": "",
"4": "hat",
"tr": "xaudā-"
},
"expansion": "Old Persian 𐎧𐎢𐎭𐎠 (xaudā-, “hat”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬑𐬀𐬊𐬜𐬀",
"t": "helmet"
},
"expansion": "Avestan 𐬑𐬀𐬊𐬜𐬀 (xaoδa, “helmet”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "os",
"2": "худ",
"3": "",
"4": "hat"
},
"expansion": "Ossetian худ (xud, “hat”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "hat"
},
"expansion": "English hat",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "خوی",
"notext": "1",
"tr1": "xoy"
},
"expansion": "خوی (xoy)",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "խոյր"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian խոյր (xoyr)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ka",
"2": "ხვირი"
},
"expansion": "Georgian ხვირი (xviri)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ar",
"2": "خُوذَة"
},
"expansion": "Arabic خُوذَة (ḵūḏa)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Persian xwd (xōd, “helm”), borrowed from Parthian xwwd (*xōδ, “helmet”), from Old Iranian, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *kadʰ- (“to guard, cover, care for, protect”). The Parthian word is cognate with Old Persian 𐎧𐎢𐎭𐎠 (xaudā-, “hat”), Avestan 𐬑𐬀𐬊𐬜𐬀 (xaoδa, “helmet”), Ossetian худ (xud, “hat”), English hat, hood, etc. The inherited form of the Persian is خوی (xoy). Akin to Old Armenian խոյր (xoyr), արտախոյր (artaxoyr), Georgian ხვირი (xviri), Arabic خُوذَة (ḵūḏa), Iranian borrowings.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "xud",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "خودها",
"roman": "xud-hâ",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "noun",
"3": "plural",
"4": "خودها",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"f1tr": "xud-hâ",
"f2tr": "",
"f3tr": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"tr": "xud",
"tr2": "",
"tr3": ""
},
"expansion": "خود • (xud) (plural خودها (xud-hâ))",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"pl": "خودها",
"tr": "xud"
},
"expansion": "خود • (xud) (plural خودها (xud-hâ))",
"name": "fa-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "4 48 4 45",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "fa",
"name": "Headwear",
"orig": "fa:Headwear",
"parents": [
"Clothing",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "kolâh-xud",
"word": "کلاهخود"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a helmet"
],
"id": "en-خود-fa-noun-hgxtfV1b",
"links": [
[
"helmet",
"helmet"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ترگ"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[xoːð]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Persian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[xoːd̪]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[xoːd̪]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[xoːd̪]",
"tags": [
"Kabuli"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[xʊːd̪̥]",
"note": "Hazaragi"
},
{
"ipa": "[xuːd̪̥]",
"tags": [
"Iran",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[χɵd̪]",
"tags": [
"Tajik",
"formal"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"fa:خود"
],
"word": "خود"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle Persian terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Old Persian terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Persian doublets",
"Persian entries with incorrect language header",
"Persian lemmas",
"Persian nouns",
"Persian pronouns",
"Persian terms borrowed from Parthian",
"Persian terms derived from Middle Persian",
"Persian terms derived from Old Persian",
"Persian terms derived from Parthian",
"Persian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Persian terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"Persian terms derived from Proto-Iranian",
"Persian terms inherited from Middle Persian",
"Persian terms inherited from Old Persian",
"Persian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"fa:Armor",
"fa:Headwear"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ira-pro",
"3": "iir-pro",
"4": "ine-pro"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "pal",
"3": "BNPŠE"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian BNPŠE",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "peo",
"3": "*hvatah"
},
"expansion": "Old Persian *hvatah",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Persian BNPŠE, 𐭡𐭭𐭯𐭱𐭤 (xwad), from Old Persian *hvatah. Related to خدا (xodâ, “God”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "xod",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"f1tr": "",
"f2tr": "",
"f3tr": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"tr": "xod",
"tr2": "",
"tr3": ""
},
"expansion": "خود • (xod)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"tr": "xod"
},
"expansion": "خود • (xod)",
"name": "fa-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"self, the self"
],
"links": [
[
"self",
"self"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[xʷað]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Persian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[xʊd̪]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[xʊd̪]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[xʊ]",
"tags": [
"Kabuli"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[xud̪̥]",
"note": "Hazaragi"
},
{
"ipa": "[xod̪̥]",
"tags": [
"Iran",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[χud̪]",
"tags": [
"Tajik",
"formal"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"fa:خود"
],
"word": "خود"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle Persian terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Old Persian terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Persian doublets",
"Persian entries with incorrect language header",
"Persian lemmas",
"Persian nouns",
"Persian pronouns",
"Persian terms borrowed from Parthian",
"Persian terms derived from Middle Persian",
"Persian terms derived from Old Persian",
"Persian terms derived from Parthian",
"Persian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Persian terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"Persian terms derived from Proto-Iranian",
"Persian terms inherited from Middle Persian",
"Persian terms inherited from Old Persian",
"Persian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"fa:Armor",
"fa:Headwear"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "az xod bixod šodan",
"word": "از خود بیخود شدن"
},
{
"roman": "be xodi-ye xod",
"word": "به خودی خود"
},
{
"roman": "bixod",
"word": "بیخود"
},
{
"roman": "bixodi",
"word": "بیخودی"
},
{
"roman": "xod be xod",
"word": "خود به خود"
},
{
"roman": "xod neveštan",
"word": "خود نوشتن"
},
{
"roman": "xod-âmuz",
"word": "خودآموز"
},
{
"roman": "xod-erzâyi",
"word": "خودارضایی"
},
{
"roman": "xodbin",
"word": "خودبین"
},
{
"roman": "xodrow",
"word": "خودرو"
},
{
"roman": "xodkâr",
"word": "خودکار"
},
{
"roman": "xod-koši",
"word": "خودکشی"
},
{
"roman": "xodi",
"word": "خودی"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "as",
"2": "খোদ",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Assamese: খোদ (khüd)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Assamese: খোদ (khüd)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hy",
"2": "Խոդ",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Armenian: Խոդ (Xod)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Armenian: Խոդ (Xod)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bn",
"2": "খোদ",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Bengali: খোদ (khōd)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Bengali: খোদ (khōd)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gu",
"2": "ખુદ",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Gujarati: ખુદ (khud)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Gujarati: ખુદ (khud)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-hnd",
"2": "-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Hindustani:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Hindustani:"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "ख़ुद"
},
"expansion": "Hindi: ख़ुद (xud)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Hindi: ख़ुद (xud)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "خود",
"tr": "xud"
},
"expansion": "Urdu: خود (xud)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Urdu: خود (xud)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mr",
"2": "खुद्द",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Marathi: खुद्द (khudda)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Marathi: खुद्द (khudda)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pa",
"2": "-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Punjabi:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Punjabi:"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pa",
"2": "ਖ਼ੁਦ",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Gurmukhi script: ਖ਼ੁਦ (xud)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gurmukhi script: ਖ਼ੁਦ (xud)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pa",
"2": "خود",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Shahmukhi script: خود (xod)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Shahmukhi script: خود (xod)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ira-pro",
"3": "iir-pro",
"4": "ine-pro"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "pal",
"3": "BNPŠE"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian BNPŠE",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "peo",
"3": "*hvatah"
},
"expansion": "Old Persian *hvatah",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Persian BNPŠE, 𐭡𐭭𐭯𐭱𐭤 (xwad), from Old Persian *hvatah. Related to خدا (xodâ, “God”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "xod",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "pronoun",
"tr": "xod"
},
"expansion": "خود • (xod)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Persian reflexive pronouns",
"Persian terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "You are attacking yourself, o simple man, like that lion who attacked himself.",
"ref": "c. 1260, Rumi, The Masnavi:",
"roman": "hamle bar xod mi-koni ey sâde mard, hamčo ân šir-i ke bar xod hamle kard.",
"text": "حمله بر خود میکنی ای ساده مرد، همچو آن شیری که بر خود حمله کرد.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "You are an enemy even with yourself.",
"ref": "2009, Shadmehr Aghili (lyrics and music), “تقدیر (taqdir)”:",
"roman": "to bâ xod-et ham došman-i.",
"text": "تو با خودت هم دشمنی.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"self, -self"
],
"links": [
[
"self",
"self"
],
[
"-self",
"-self"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive pronoun) self, -self"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "خویش"
}
],
"tags": [
"pronoun",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Persian terms with usage examples",
"Persian usage examples with omitted translation"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "مادر خود را نمیشناسی؟ (More literary)\nmâdar-e xod-râ ne-mi-šenâsi?",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Don’t you recognize your own mother?",
"roman": "mâdar-e xod-et-o ne-mi-šnâsi?",
"text": "مادر خودت رو نمیشناسی؟ (More colloquial)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"one's own (in possessive constructions)"
],
"links": [
[
"own",
"own"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(emphatic) one's own (in possessive constructions)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "خویش"
}
],
"tags": [
"emphatic"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[xʷað]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Persian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[xʊd̪]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[xʊd̪]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[xʊ]",
"tags": [
"Kabuli"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[xud̪̥]",
"note": "Hazaragi"
},
{
"ipa": "[xod̪̥]",
"tags": [
"Iran",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[χud̪]",
"tags": [
"Tajik",
"formal"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"fa:خود"
],
"word": "خود"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Persian terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Persian doublets",
"Persian entries with incorrect language header",
"Persian lemmas",
"Persian nouns",
"Persian terms borrowed from Parthian",
"Persian terms derived from Middle Persian",
"Persian terms derived from Parthian",
"Persian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Persian terms inherited from Middle Persian",
"Persian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"fa:Armor",
"fa:Headwear"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "kolâh-xud",
"word": "کلاهخود"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pa",
"2": "-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Punjabi:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Punjabi:"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pa",
"2": "ਖੋਦ",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Gurmukhi script: ਖੋਦ (khod)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gurmukhi script: ਖੋਦ (khod)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pa",
"2": "خود",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "Shahmukhi script: خود (xod)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Shahmukhi script: خود (xod)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "helmet"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "pal",
"3": "xwd",
"t": "helm",
"tr": "xōd"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian xwd (xōd, “helm”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "xpr",
"3": "xwwd",
"gloss": "helmet",
"tr": "*xōδ"
},
"expansion": "Parthian xwwd (*xōδ, “helmet”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-old"
},
"expansion": "Old Iranian",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kadʰ-",
"4": "",
"5": "to guard, cover, care for, protect"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kadʰ- (“to guard, cover, care for, protect”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "peo",
"2": "𐎧𐎢𐎭𐎠",
"3": "",
"4": "hat",
"tr": "xaudā-"
},
"expansion": "Old Persian 𐎧𐎢𐎭𐎠 (xaudā-, “hat”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬑𐬀𐬊𐬜𐬀",
"t": "helmet"
},
"expansion": "Avestan 𐬑𐬀𐬊𐬜𐬀 (xaoδa, “helmet”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "os",
"2": "худ",
"3": "",
"4": "hat"
},
"expansion": "Ossetian худ (xud, “hat”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "hat"
},
"expansion": "English hat",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "خوی",
"notext": "1",
"tr1": "xoy"
},
"expansion": "خوی (xoy)",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "խոյր"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian խոյր (xoyr)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ka",
"2": "ხვირი"
},
"expansion": "Georgian ხვირი (xviri)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ar",
"2": "خُوذَة"
},
"expansion": "Arabic خُوذَة (ḵūḏa)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Persian xwd (xōd, “helm”), borrowed from Parthian xwwd (*xōδ, “helmet”), from Old Iranian, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *kadʰ- (“to guard, cover, care for, protect”). The Parthian word is cognate with Old Persian 𐎧𐎢𐎭𐎠 (xaudā-, “hat”), Avestan 𐬑𐬀𐬊𐬜𐬀 (xaoδa, “helmet”), Ossetian худ (xud, “hat”), English hat, hood, etc. The inherited form of the Persian is خوی (xoy). Akin to Old Armenian խոյր (xoyr), արտախոյր (artaxoyr), Georgian ხვირი (xviri), Arabic خُوذَة (ḵūḏa), Iranian borrowings.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "xud",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "خودها",
"roman": "xud-hâ",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "noun",
"3": "plural",
"4": "خودها",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"f1tr": "xud-hâ",
"f2tr": "",
"f3tr": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"tr": "xud",
"tr2": "",
"tr3": ""
},
"expansion": "خود • (xud) (plural خودها (xud-hâ))",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"pl": "خودها",
"tr": "xud"
},
"expansion": "خود • (xud) (plural خودها (xud-hâ))",
"name": "fa-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"a helmet"
],
"links": [
[
"helmet",
"helmet"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ترگ"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[xoːð]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Persian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[xoːd̪]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[xoːd̪]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[xoːd̪]",
"tags": [
"Kabuli"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[xʊːd̪̥]",
"note": "Hazaragi"
},
{
"ipa": "[xuːd̪̥]",
"tags": [
"Iran",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[χɵd̪]",
"tags": [
"Tajik",
"formal"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"fa:خود"
],
"word": "خود"
}
Download raw JSONL data for خود meaning in Persian (12.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Persian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (05fdf6b and 9dbd323). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.