"pan" meaning in Old Polish

See pan in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /paːn/ (note: 10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE), /pɒn/ (note: 15ᵗʰ CE) Forms: pani [feminine], panna [feminine]
Etymology: Inherited from Proto-Slavic *gъpanъ. First attested in the 13th century. Displaced gospodzin. Etymology templates: {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|zlw-opl|sla-pro|*gъpanъ|||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Proto-Slavic *gъpanъ, {{inh+|zlw-opl|sla-pro|*gъpanъ}} Inherited from Proto-Slavic *gъpanъ, {{etydate/the|13th century}} the 13th century, {{etydate|13th century}} First attested in the 13th century, {{glossary|Displaced}} Displaced, {{displaced|zlw-opl|gospodzin|sl=1}} Displaced gospodzin Head templates: {{zlw-opl-noun|m-pr|f=pani|f2=panna}} pan m pers (female equivalent pani or panna)
  1. (attested in Greater Poland) lord (master of a feudal manor) Tags: masculine, person
    Sense id: en-pan-zlw-opl-noun-A31DyrRl Categories (other): Greater Poland Old Polish, Old Polish quotations with omitted translation
  2. ducal or princely official Tags: masculine, person
    Sense id: en-pan-zlw-opl-noun-WTmzXRdD Categories (other): Old Polish quotations with omitted translation, Old Polish entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Old Polish entries with incorrect language header: 4 14 12 4 3 5 4 13 9 7 6 7 11
  3. (more specifically) beaver official (ducal lord or acting official in charge of beavers, the mammal) Tags: masculine, person Synonyms: bobrownik
    Sense id: en-pan-zlw-opl-noun-LzRR0kzG Categories (other): Old Polish quotations with omitted translation, Old Polish entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Old Polish entries with incorrect language header: 4 14 12 4 3 5 4 13 9 7 6 7 11
  4. (attested in Lesser Poland, Silesia) dignitary Tags: masculine, person
    Sense id: en-pan-zlw-opl-noun-RfCyE6BC Categories (other): Lesser Poland Old Polish, Old Polish quotations with omitted translation, Silesia Old Polish
  5. dignitary of property Tags: masculine, person
    Sense id: en-pan-zlw-opl-noun-EQ6EUvCn Categories (other): Old Polish quotations with omitted translation
  6. (military) cavalry officer Tags: masculine, person
    Sense id: en-pan-zlw-opl-noun-E4ZmeOlx Categories (other): Old Polish quotations with omitted translation Topics: government, military, politics, war
  7. (attested in Greater Poland) nobleman Tags: masculine, person
    Sense id: en-pan-zlw-opl-noun-wpGoAPg9 Categories (other): Greater Poland Old Polish, Old Polish quotations with omitted translation
  8. (in the plural, law, attested in Greater Poland) court officials Tags: in-plural, masculine, person
    Sense id: en-pan-zlw-opl-noun-h4C9Xdgg Categories (other): Greater Poland Old Polish, Old Polish quotations with omitted translation, Old Polish entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Old Polish entries with incorrect language header: 4 14 12 4 3 5 4 13 9 7 6 7 11 Topics: law
  9. (attested in Greater Poland, Masovia) lord (one possessing similar mastery over others; any feudal superior generally; any nobleman or aristocrat; any chief, prince, or sovereign ruler) Tags: masculine, person
    Sense id: en-pan-zlw-opl-noun-uBu-Oku7 Categories (other): Greater Poland Old Polish, Masovia Old Polish, Old Polish quotations with omitted translation
  10. (attested in Greater Poland, Masovia) title of respect or formality often used with nobility or officials Tags: masculine, person
    Sense id: en-pan-zlw-opl-noun-pN0R1sVg Categories (other): Greater Poland Old Polish, Masovia Old Polish, Old Polish quotations with omitted translation
  11. (attested in Greater Poland) lord, master (male head of a household, a father or husband) Tags: masculine, person
    Sense id: en-pan-zlw-opl-noun-TOpGE-gy Categories (other): Greater Poland Old Polish, Old Polish quotations with omitted translation
  12. husband (male member of a marriage) Tags: masculine, person Synonyms: mąż
    Sense id: en-pan-zlw-opl-noun-5aFfWhRS Categories (other): Old Polish quotations with omitted translation
  13. (attested in Lesser Poland) Lord (title of God) Tags: masculine, person
    Sense id: en-pan-zlw-opl-noun-fz-L48td Categories (other): Lesser Poland Old Polish, Old Polish quotations with omitted translation, Old Polish entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Old Polish entries with incorrect language header: 4 14 12 4 3 5 4 13 9 7 6 7 11
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: panieński, panoski, panow, panowski, panicz, paniczek, panieństwo, panię, panostwo, panosza, panoszka, panowanie, państwo, panać [imperfective], paniać [imperfective], panować (impf)

Inflected forms

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "panieński"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "panoski"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "panow"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "panowski"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "panicz"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "paniczek"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "panieństwo"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "panię"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "panostwo"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "panosza"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "panoszka"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "panowanie"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "państwo"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "panać"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "paniać"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "impf",
      "word": "panować"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": "pan"
          },
          "expansion": "Polish: pan\n→ Lithuanian: põnas\n→ Yiddish: פּאַן (pan)",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Polish: pan\n→ Lithuanian: põnas\n→ Yiddish: פּאַן (pan)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "szl",
            "2": "pōn"
          },
          "expansion": "Silesian: pōn",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Silesian: pōn"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "orv",
            "2": "панъ",
            "bor": "1",
            "qq": "13ᵗʰ c."
          },
          "expansion": "→ Old East Slavic: панъ (panŭ) (13ᵗʰ c.)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Old East Slavic: панъ (panŭ) (13ᵗʰ c.)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zle-ort",
            "2": "панъ",
            "qq": "14ᵗʰ c."
          },
          "expansion": "Old Ruthenian: панъ (pan) (14ᵗʰ c.)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Ruthenian: панъ (pan) (14ᵗʰ c.)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "be",
            "2": "пан"
          },
          "expansion": "Belarusian: пан (pan)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Belarusian: пан (pan)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "rue",
            "2": "пан"
          },
          "expansion": "Carpathian Rusyn: пан (pan)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Carpathian Rusyn: пан (pan)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "uk",
            "2": "пан"
          },
          "expansion": "Ukrainian: пан (pan)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ukrainian: пан (pan)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zle-mru",
            "2": "панъ",
            "bor": "1",
            "qq": "16ᵗʰ c."
          },
          "expansion": "→ Middle Russian: панъ (pan) (16ᵗʰ c.)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Middle Russian: панъ (pan) (16ᵗʰ c.)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ru",
            "2": "пан"
          },
          "expansion": "Russian: пан (pan)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Russian: пан (pan)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zlw-opl",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*gъpanъ",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *gъpanъ",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zlw-opl",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*gъpanъ"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *gъpanъ",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "13th century"
      },
      "expansion": "the 13th century",
      "name": "etydate/the"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "13th century"
      },
      "expansion": "First attested in the 13th century",
      "name": "etydate"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Displaced"
      },
      "expansion": "Displaced",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zlw-opl",
        "2": "gospodzin",
        "sl": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Displaced gospodzin",
      "name": "displaced"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *gъpanъ. First attested in the 13th century. Displaced gospodzin.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "pani",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "panna",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m-pr",
        "f": "pani",
        "f2": "panna"
      },
      "expansion": "pan m pers (female equivalent pani or panna)",
      "name": "zlw-opl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Polish",
  "lang_code": "zlw-opl",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Greater Poland Old Polish",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
          "parents": [
            "Quotations with omitted translation",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1881-1882 [1293], Max Perlbach, editor, Pommerellisches Urkundenbuch, page 451:",
          "text": "Pan Andreas castellanus Danensis",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1959 [1399], Henryk Kowalewicz, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, editors, Wielkopolskie roty sądowe XIV-XV wieku, Roty poznańskie, volume I, number 368, Poznań:",
          "text": "Esze Boguchna otkaszala Potrkovi dacz swego posagu panu posnanskemu trzinaczcze grziwni",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "lord (master of a feudal manor)"
      ],
      "id": "en-pan-zlw-opl-noun-A31DyrRl",
      "links": [
        [
          "lord",
          "lord"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "attested in Greater Poland",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(attested in Greater Poland) lord (master of a feudal manor)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
          "parents": [
            "Quotations with omitted translation",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 14 12 4 3 5 4 13 9 7 6 7 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1874 [1275], Monumenta Medii Aevi Historica res gestas Poloniae illustrantia. Pomniki Dziejowe Wieków Średnich do objaśnienia rzeczy polskich służące, volume IX, page 136:",
          "text": "Omnesque eius (sc. monasterii) villas... cum... incolis... a domino custodie, qui dicitur vlg. pan stroze vel stroznj, semper facimus liberos",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "ducal or princely official"
      ],
      "id": "en-pan-zlw-opl-noun-WTmzXRdD",
      "links": [
        [
          "ducal",
          "ducal"
        ],
        [
          "princely",
          "princely"
        ],
        [
          "official",
          "official"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
          "parents": [
            "Quotations with omitted translation",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 14 12 4 3 5 4 13 9 7 6 7 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1874 [1275], Monumenta Medii Aevi Historica res gestas Poloniae illustrantia. Pomniki Dziejowe Wieków Średnich do objaśnienia rzeczy polskich służące, volume IX, page 136:",
          "text": "Dominus castorum dictus wlgo pan bobrowi",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "beaver official (ducal lord or acting official in charge of beavers, the mammal)"
      ],
      "id": "en-pan-zlw-opl-noun-LzRR0kzG",
      "links": [
        [
          "beaver",
          "beaver"
        ],
        [
          "official",
          "official"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "more specifically",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(more specifically) beaver official (ducal lord or acting official in charge of beavers, the mammal)"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "bobrownik"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Lesser Poland Old Polish",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
          "parents": [
            "Quotations with omitted translation",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Silesia Old Polish",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1864 [14th/15th century], August Bielowski, editor, Monumenta Poloniae Historica. Pomniki Dziejowe Polski, volume II, page 468:",
          "text": "Dicitur pan in Slavonico maior dominus... Xandz autem maior est quam pan, veluti princeps et superior rex",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "Beginning of the 15th century, Łukasz z Wielkiego Koźmina, Kazania gnieźnieńskie, Krakow, page 11b:",
          "text": "A *szaprafdocz na tem tho svecze malo takich kaplanof nadze ('najdzie')..., chos bycz ony krole, xøszøtha y tesze pany bogathe o gich sloscz karaly ge",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1885-2024 [c. 15th century], Jan Baudouina de Courtenay, Jan Karłowicz, Antoni Adam Kryńskiego, Malinowski Lucjan, editors, Prace Filologiczne, volume III, Wrocław, page 289:",
          "text": "Czelny panowye barones",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "dignitary"
      ],
      "id": "en-pan-zlw-opl-noun-RfCyE6BC",
      "links": [
        [
          "dignitary",
          "dignitary"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "attested in Lesser Poland; Silesia; attested in Lesser Poland; Silesia",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(attested in Lesser Poland, Silesia) dignitary"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
          "parents": [
            "Quotations with omitted translation",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1462-1463, Wiersz o zabiciu Andrzeja Tęczyńskiego, line 2:",
          "text": "Pana swego wyelkyego, choragyewnego, zabylyszcze, chlopy!",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "dignitary of property"
      ],
      "id": "en-pan-zlw-opl-noun-EQ6EUvCn",
      "links": [
        [
          "property",
          "property"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
          "parents": [
            "Quotations with omitted translation",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1874-1891 [Fifteenth century], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności, volume XLVII, page 359:",
          "text": "Filius tribuni chorøsznego pana",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "cavalry officer"
      ],
      "id": "en-pan-zlw-opl-noun-E4ZmeOlx",
      "links": [
        [
          "military",
          "military"
        ],
        [
          "cavalry",
          "cavalry"
        ],
        [
          "officer",
          "officer"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(military) cavalry officer"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "person"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "government",
        "military",
        "politics",
        "war"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Greater Poland Old Polish",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
          "parents": [
            "Quotations with omitted translation",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “Judith”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka), section 5,26:",
          "text": "Y stalo syø gdisz Achior przestal mowyenya slow swich, roznyewaly syø wszitcy wyelyci panowye (omnes magnates) Olofernovy",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1908 [c. 1500], Bolesław Erzepki, editor, Przyczynki do średniowiecznego słownictwa polskiego. I. Glosy polskie wpisane do łacińsko-niemieckiego słownika drukowanego w roku 1490, Lubiń, page 62:",
          "text": "Optimas stoleczny pan",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "nobleman"
      ],
      "id": "en-pan-zlw-opl-noun-wpGoAPg9",
      "links": [
        [
          "nobleman",
          "nobleman"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "attested in Greater Poland",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(attested in Greater Poland) nobleman"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Greater Poland Old Polish",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
          "parents": [
            "Quotations with omitted translation",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 14 12 4 3 5 4 13 9 7 6 7 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1959 [1398], Henryk Kowalewicz, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, editors, Wielkopolskie roty sądowe XIV-XV wieku, Roty poznańskie, volume I, number 362, Poznań:",
          "text": "Iako Sandziuoy starosta wmovil medzi mnø a medzi Sczepanem, esz ne mal na mø niyednego roku stacz nisz przet timi pani, czso sø nameneni",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "court officials"
      ],
      "id": "en-pan-zlw-opl-noun-h4C9Xdgg",
      "links": [
        [
          "law",
          "law#English"
        ],
        [
          "court",
          "court"
        ],
        [
          "official",
          "official"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "attested in Greater Poland",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(in the plural, law, attested in Greater Poland) court officials"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "in-plural",
        "masculine",
        "person"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "law"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Greater Poland Old Polish",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Masovia Old Polish",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
          "parents": [
            "Quotations with omitted translation",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1959 [1398], Henryk Kowalewicz, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, editors, Wielkopolskie roty sądowe XIV-XV wieku, Roty poznańskie, volume I, number 381, Poznań:",
          "text": "Yssze Marczin ne odmouil Yana szoltisa od rok za swego pana, za Wolwrama",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1967 [1424], Henryk Kowalewicz, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, editors, Wielkopolskie roty sądowe XIV-XV wieku, Roty kościańskie, volume III, number 1048, Kościan:",
          "text": "Jaco pan dzedziczny Dzbansky dal Janowy mlin czynicz w dzedzyczstwo",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1885-2024 [c. 1428], Jan Baudouina de Courtenay, Jan Karłowicz, Antoni Adam Kryńskiego, Malinowski Lucjan, editors, Prace Filologiczne, volume I, Międzyrzecz, Warsaw, page 487:",
          "text": "Dobrowolne panowe ffeodales",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1875 [c. 1455-1460], Zygmunt Celichowski, editor, Słowniczek łacińsko- polski wyrazów prawa magdeburskiego z wieku XV. Przedruk homograficzny z kodeksu kórnickiego, page 7:",
          "text": "Liber (sc. dominus) wolny pan",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "lord (one possessing similar mastery over others; any feudal superior generally; any nobleman or aristocrat; any chief, prince, or sovereign ruler)"
      ],
      "id": "en-pan-zlw-opl-noun-uBu-Oku7",
      "links": [
        [
          "lord",
          "lord"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "attested in Greater Poland",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(attested in Greater Poland, Masovia) lord (one possessing similar mastery over others; any feudal superior generally; any nobleman or aristocrat; any chief, prince, or sovereign ruler)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Greater Poland Old Polish",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Masovia Old Polish",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
          "parents": [
            "Quotations with omitted translation",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1959 [1395], Henryk Kowalewicz, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, editors, Wielkopolskie roty sądowe XIV-XV wieku, Roty poznańskie, volume I, number 187, Poznań:",
          "text": "Tedi *rzegk pan Hinczka",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1959 [1395], Henryk Kowalewicz, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, editors, Wielkopolskie roty sądowe XIV-XV wieku, Roty poznańskie, volume I, number 187, Poznań:",
          "text": "Jako do Vtroszina... przigeli, taco rzecli gednacze pana Hinczkoui",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1959 [1399], Henryk Kowalewicz, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, editors, Wielkopolskie roty sądowe XIV-XV wieku, Roty poznańskie, volume I, number 378, Poznań:",
          "text": "Pani Poluiczska Hanka ma postauicz zachoczczø przecziw Potraszoui Czepurskemu pana choranszego Paska",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1959 [1400], Henryk Kowalewicz, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, editors, Wielkopolskie roty sądowe XIV-XV wieku, Roty poznańskie, volume I, number 433, Poznań:",
          "text": "Iaco to swatczø, iz pan sandza o tø rzecz alisz po trzech *ledzech zalowal na Troyana",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1959 [1401], Henryk Kowalewicz, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, editors, Wielkopolskie roty sądowe XIV-XV wieku, Roty poznańskie, volume I, number 522, Poznań:",
          "text": "Iacom sø ne zamowil prze[d] pani Czarnkowskimi Janoui praw bich (leg. być) *vsm krziwen",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1959 [1411], Henryk Kowalewicz, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, editors, Wielkopolskie roty sądowe XIV-XV wieku, Roty poznańskie, volume I, number 835, Poznań:",
          "text": "Yaco gdy pan Jan Czepurski wyprawil Splawskego s gysczyny, tedi go ne gabal prawem, asz trsy latha mynøly",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1959 [1419], Henryk Kowalewicz, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, editors, Wielkopolskie roty sądowe XIV-XV wieku, Roty poznańskie, volume I, number 979, Poznań:",
          "text": "Yaco Newstąmp Swekoczsky szedl na pana Janową lanka Potrowskego gwaltem",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1959 [1422], Henryk Kowalewicz, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, editors, Wielkopolskie roty sądowe XIV-XV wieku, Roty poznańskie, volume I, number 1117, Poznań:",
          "text": "Ysze pąn Jaroslaw sz Lubacowa, podkomorze, ne yest vinouat... czterdczesczy grzyven... sza woly",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1895 [1448–1450], Mikołaj Suled, edited by Franciszek Piekosiński, Tłumaczenia polskie statutów ziemskich, Kodeks Świętosławów, Warka, page 72:",
          "text": "Vstawyenye przes oswyeczonego ksządza pana Wlodzyslawa (per serenissimum regem Vladislaum), krola polskego, ... w Krakowye... wywolane",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "title of respect or formality often used with nobility or officials"
      ],
      "id": "en-pan-zlw-opl-noun-pN0R1sVg",
      "links": [
        [
          "title",
          "title"
        ],
        [
          "respect",
          "respect"
        ],
        [
          "formality",
          "formality"
        ],
        [
          "nobility",
          "nobility"
        ],
        [
          "official",
          "official"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "attested in Greater Poland",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(attested in Greater Poland, Masovia) title of respect or formality often used with nobility or officials"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Greater Poland Old Polish",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
          "parents": [
            "Quotations with omitted translation",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament",
          "ref": "1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter], Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament], page 104:",
          "text": "Postawil gyey panem (constituit eum dominum) domu swego y ksødzem wszego bydla swego",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1853 [Fifteenth century], Wacław Aleksander Maciejowski, editor, Piśmiennictwo polskie od czasów najdawniejszych aż do roku 1830, volume 4, Rogoźno, page 44:",
          "text": "Ktho tho wsdruschy, dyabel bandzye pan gego duschi",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "lord, master (male head of a household, a father or husband)"
      ],
      "id": "en-pan-zlw-opl-noun-TOpGE-gy",
      "links": [
        [
          "lord",
          "lord"
        ],
        [
          "master",
          "master"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "attested in Greater Poland",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(attested in Greater Poland) lord, master (male head of a household, a father or husband)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
          "parents": [
            "Quotations with omitted translation",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1959 [1386], Henryk Kowalewicz, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, editors, Wielkopolskie roty sądowe XIV-XV wieku, Roty poznańskie, volume I, number 4, Poznań:",
          "text": "Item domina de Czepury prestabit iuramentum...: Jaco yest moy pan ne uinouat Sulcoui trzinaczcze grziwen za Czepuri",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "husband (male member of a marriage)"
      ],
      "id": "en-pan-zlw-opl-noun-5aFfWhRS",
      "links": [
        [
          "husband",
          "husband"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "mąż"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Lesser Poland Old Polish",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
          "parents": [
            "Quotations with omitted translation",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 14 12 4 3 5 4 13 9 7 6 7 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament",
          "ref": "1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter], Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament], page 102:",
          "text": "Blogoslawcze panv (domino) wszyczki syly yego",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Lord (title of God)"
      ],
      "id": "en-pan-zlw-opl-noun-fz-L48td",
      "links": [
        [
          "Lord",
          "Lord"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "attested in Lesser Poland",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(attested in Lesser Poland) Lord (title of God)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/paːn/",
      "note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/pɒn/",
      "note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
    }
  ],
  "word": "pan"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
    "Old Polish lemmas",
    "Old Polish masculine nouns",
    "Old Polish nouns",
    "Old Polish personal nouns",
    "Old Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
    "Old Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
    "Old Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Pages with 46 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "zlw-opl:Male people",
    "zlw-opl:Titles"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "panieński"
    },
    {
      "word": "panoski"
    },
    {
      "word": "panow"
    },
    {
      "word": "panowski"
    },
    {
      "word": "panicz"
    },
    {
      "word": "paniczek"
    },
    {
      "word": "panieństwo"
    },
    {
      "word": "panię"
    },
    {
      "word": "panostwo"
    },
    {
      "word": "panosza"
    },
    {
      "word": "panoszka"
    },
    {
      "word": "panowanie"
    },
    {
      "word": "państwo"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "panać"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "paniać"
    },
    {
      "roman": "impf",
      "word": "panować"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": "pan"
          },
          "expansion": "Polish: pan\n→ Lithuanian: põnas\n→ Yiddish: פּאַן (pan)",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Polish: pan\n→ Lithuanian: põnas\n→ Yiddish: פּאַן (pan)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "szl",
            "2": "pōn"
          },
          "expansion": "Silesian: pōn",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Silesian: pōn"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "orv",
            "2": "панъ",
            "bor": "1",
            "qq": "13ᵗʰ c."
          },
          "expansion": "→ Old East Slavic: панъ (panŭ) (13ᵗʰ c.)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Old East Slavic: панъ (panŭ) (13ᵗʰ c.)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zle-ort",
            "2": "панъ",
            "qq": "14ᵗʰ c."
          },
          "expansion": "Old Ruthenian: панъ (pan) (14ᵗʰ c.)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Ruthenian: панъ (pan) (14ᵗʰ c.)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "be",
            "2": "пан"
          },
          "expansion": "Belarusian: пан (pan)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Belarusian: пан (pan)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "rue",
            "2": "пан"
          },
          "expansion": "Carpathian Rusyn: пан (pan)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Carpathian Rusyn: пан (pan)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "uk",
            "2": "пан"
          },
          "expansion": "Ukrainian: пан (pan)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ukrainian: пан (pan)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zle-mru",
            "2": "панъ",
            "bor": "1",
            "qq": "16ᵗʰ c."
          },
          "expansion": "→ Middle Russian: панъ (pan) (16ᵗʰ c.)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Middle Russian: панъ (pan) (16ᵗʰ c.)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ru",
            "2": "пан"
          },
          "expansion": "Russian: пан (pan)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Russian: пан (pan)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zlw-opl",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*gъpanъ",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *gъpanъ",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zlw-opl",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*gъpanъ"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *gъpanъ",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "13th century"
      },
      "expansion": "the 13th century",
      "name": "etydate/the"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "13th century"
      },
      "expansion": "First attested in the 13th century",
      "name": "etydate"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Displaced"
      },
      "expansion": "Displaced",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zlw-opl",
        "2": "gospodzin",
        "sl": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Displaced gospodzin",
      "name": "displaced"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *gъpanъ. First attested in the 13th century. Displaced gospodzin.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "pani",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "panna",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m-pr",
        "f": "pani",
        "f2": "panna"
      },
      "expansion": "pan m pers (female equivalent pani or panna)",
      "name": "zlw-opl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Polish",
  "lang_code": "zlw-opl",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Greater Poland Old Polish",
        "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
        "Old Polish terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1881-1882 [1293], Max Perlbach, editor, Pommerellisches Urkundenbuch, page 451:",
          "text": "Pan Andreas castellanus Danensis",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1959 [1399], Henryk Kowalewicz, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, editors, Wielkopolskie roty sądowe XIV-XV wieku, Roty poznańskie, volume I, number 368, Poznań:",
          "text": "Esze Boguchna otkaszala Potrkovi dacz swego posagu panu posnanskemu trzinaczcze grziwni",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "lord (master of a feudal manor)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "lord",
          "lord"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "attested in Greater Poland",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(attested in Greater Poland) lord (master of a feudal manor)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
        "Old Polish terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1874 [1275], Monumenta Medii Aevi Historica res gestas Poloniae illustrantia. Pomniki Dziejowe Wieków Średnich do objaśnienia rzeczy polskich służące, volume IX, page 136:",
          "text": "Omnesque eius (sc. monasterii) villas... cum... incolis... a domino custodie, qui dicitur vlg. pan stroze vel stroznj, semper facimus liberos",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "ducal or princely official"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "ducal",
          "ducal"
        ],
        [
          "princely",
          "princely"
        ],
        [
          "official",
          "official"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
        "Old Polish terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1874 [1275], Monumenta Medii Aevi Historica res gestas Poloniae illustrantia. Pomniki Dziejowe Wieków Średnich do objaśnienia rzeczy polskich służące, volume IX, page 136:",
          "text": "Dominus castorum dictus wlgo pan bobrowi",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "beaver official (ducal lord or acting official in charge of beavers, the mammal)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "beaver",
          "beaver"
        ],
        [
          "official",
          "official"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "more specifically",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(more specifically) beaver official (ducal lord or acting official in charge of beavers, the mammal)"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "bobrownik"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Lesser Poland Old Polish",
        "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
        "Old Polish terms with quotations",
        "Silesia Old Polish"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1864 [14th/15th century], August Bielowski, editor, Monumenta Poloniae Historica. Pomniki Dziejowe Polski, volume II, page 468:",
          "text": "Dicitur pan in Slavonico maior dominus... Xandz autem maior est quam pan, veluti princeps et superior rex",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "Beginning of the 15th century, Łukasz z Wielkiego Koźmina, Kazania gnieźnieńskie, Krakow, page 11b:",
          "text": "A *szaprafdocz na tem tho svecze malo takich kaplanof nadze ('najdzie')..., chos bycz ony krole, xøszøtha y tesze pany bogathe o gich sloscz karaly ge",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1885-2024 [c. 15th century], Jan Baudouina de Courtenay, Jan Karłowicz, Antoni Adam Kryńskiego, Malinowski Lucjan, editors, Prace Filologiczne, volume III, Wrocław, page 289:",
          "text": "Czelny panowye barones",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "dignitary"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "dignitary",
          "dignitary"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "attested in Lesser Poland; Silesia; attested in Lesser Poland; Silesia",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(attested in Lesser Poland, Silesia) dignitary"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
        "Old Polish terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1462-1463, Wiersz o zabiciu Andrzeja Tęczyńskiego, line 2:",
          "text": "Pana swego wyelkyego, choragyewnego, zabylyszcze, chlopy!",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "dignitary of property"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "property",
          "property"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
        "Old Polish terms with quotations",
        "zlw-opl:Military ranks"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1874-1891 [Fifteenth century], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności, volume XLVII, page 359:",
          "text": "Filius tribuni chorøsznego pana",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "cavalry officer"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "military",
          "military"
        ],
        [
          "cavalry",
          "cavalry"
        ],
        [
          "officer",
          "officer"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(military) cavalry officer"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "person"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "government",
        "military",
        "politics",
        "war"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Greater Poland Old Polish",
        "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
        "Old Polish terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “Judith”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka), section 5,26:",
          "text": "Y stalo syø gdisz Achior przestal mowyenya slow swich, roznyewaly syø wszitcy wyelyci panowye (omnes magnates) Olofernovy",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1908 [c. 1500], Bolesław Erzepki, editor, Przyczynki do średniowiecznego słownictwa polskiego. I. Glosy polskie wpisane do łacińsko-niemieckiego słownika drukowanego w roku 1490, Lubiń, page 62:",
          "text": "Optimas stoleczny pan",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "nobleman"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "nobleman",
          "nobleman"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "attested in Greater Poland",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(attested in Greater Poland) nobleman"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Greater Poland Old Polish",
        "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
        "Old Polish terms with quotations",
        "zlw-opl:Law"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1959 [1398], Henryk Kowalewicz, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, editors, Wielkopolskie roty sądowe XIV-XV wieku, Roty poznańskie, volume I, number 362, Poznań:",
          "text": "Iako Sandziuoy starosta wmovil medzi mnø a medzi Sczepanem, esz ne mal na mø niyednego roku stacz nisz przet timi pani, czso sø nameneni",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "court officials"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "law",
          "law#English"
        ],
        [
          "court",
          "court"
        ],
        [
          "official",
          "official"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "attested in Greater Poland",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(in the plural, law, attested in Greater Poland) court officials"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "in-plural",
        "masculine",
        "person"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "law"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Greater Poland Old Polish",
        "Masovia Old Polish",
        "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
        "Old Polish terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1959 [1398], Henryk Kowalewicz, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, editors, Wielkopolskie roty sądowe XIV-XV wieku, Roty poznańskie, volume I, number 381, Poznań:",
          "text": "Yssze Marczin ne odmouil Yana szoltisa od rok za swego pana, za Wolwrama",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1967 [1424], Henryk Kowalewicz, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, editors, Wielkopolskie roty sądowe XIV-XV wieku, Roty kościańskie, volume III, number 1048, Kościan:",
          "text": "Jaco pan dzedziczny Dzbansky dal Janowy mlin czynicz w dzedzyczstwo",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1885-2024 [c. 1428], Jan Baudouina de Courtenay, Jan Karłowicz, Antoni Adam Kryńskiego, Malinowski Lucjan, editors, Prace Filologiczne, volume I, Międzyrzecz, Warsaw, page 487:",
          "text": "Dobrowolne panowe ffeodales",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1875 [c. 1455-1460], Zygmunt Celichowski, editor, Słowniczek łacińsko- polski wyrazów prawa magdeburskiego z wieku XV. Przedruk homograficzny z kodeksu kórnickiego, page 7:",
          "text": "Liber (sc. dominus) wolny pan",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "lord (one possessing similar mastery over others; any feudal superior generally; any nobleman or aristocrat; any chief, prince, or sovereign ruler)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "lord",
          "lord"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "attested in Greater Poland",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(attested in Greater Poland, Masovia) lord (one possessing similar mastery over others; any feudal superior generally; any nobleman or aristocrat; any chief, prince, or sovereign ruler)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Greater Poland Old Polish",
        "Masovia Old Polish",
        "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
        "Old Polish terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1959 [1395], Henryk Kowalewicz, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, editors, Wielkopolskie roty sądowe XIV-XV wieku, Roty poznańskie, volume I, number 187, Poznań:",
          "text": "Tedi *rzegk pan Hinczka",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1959 [1395], Henryk Kowalewicz, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, editors, Wielkopolskie roty sądowe XIV-XV wieku, Roty poznańskie, volume I, number 187, Poznań:",
          "text": "Jako do Vtroszina... przigeli, taco rzecli gednacze pana Hinczkoui",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1959 [1399], Henryk Kowalewicz, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, editors, Wielkopolskie roty sądowe XIV-XV wieku, Roty poznańskie, volume I, number 378, Poznań:",
          "text": "Pani Poluiczska Hanka ma postauicz zachoczczø przecziw Potraszoui Czepurskemu pana choranszego Paska",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1959 [1400], Henryk Kowalewicz, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, editors, Wielkopolskie roty sądowe XIV-XV wieku, Roty poznańskie, volume I, number 433, Poznań:",
          "text": "Iaco to swatczø, iz pan sandza o tø rzecz alisz po trzech *ledzech zalowal na Troyana",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1959 [1401], Henryk Kowalewicz, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, editors, Wielkopolskie roty sądowe XIV-XV wieku, Roty poznańskie, volume I, number 522, Poznań:",
          "text": "Iacom sø ne zamowil prze[d] pani Czarnkowskimi Janoui praw bich (leg. być) *vsm krziwen",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1959 [1411], Henryk Kowalewicz, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, editors, Wielkopolskie roty sądowe XIV-XV wieku, Roty poznańskie, volume I, number 835, Poznań:",
          "text": "Yaco gdy pan Jan Czepurski wyprawil Splawskego s gysczyny, tedi go ne gabal prawem, asz trsy latha mynøly",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1959 [1419], Henryk Kowalewicz, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, editors, Wielkopolskie roty sądowe XIV-XV wieku, Roty poznańskie, volume I, number 979, Poznań:",
          "text": "Yaco Newstąmp Swekoczsky szedl na pana Janową lanka Potrowskego gwaltem",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1959 [1422], Henryk Kowalewicz, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, editors, Wielkopolskie roty sądowe XIV-XV wieku, Roty poznańskie, volume I, number 1117, Poznań:",
          "text": "Ysze pąn Jaroslaw sz Lubacowa, podkomorze, ne yest vinouat... czterdczesczy grzyven... sza woly",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1895 [1448–1450], Mikołaj Suled, edited by Franciszek Piekosiński, Tłumaczenia polskie statutów ziemskich, Kodeks Świętosławów, Warka, page 72:",
          "text": "Vstawyenye przes oswyeczonego ksządza pana Wlodzyslawa (per serenissimum regem Vladislaum), krola polskego, ... w Krakowye... wywolane",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "title of respect or formality often used with nobility or officials"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "title",
          "title"
        ],
        [
          "respect",
          "respect"
        ],
        [
          "formality",
          "formality"
        ],
        [
          "nobility",
          "nobility"
        ],
        [
          "official",
          "official"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "attested in Greater Poland",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(attested in Greater Poland, Masovia) title of respect or formality often used with nobility or officials"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Greater Poland Old Polish",
        "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
        "Old Polish terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament",
          "ref": "1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter], Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament], page 104:",
          "text": "Postawil gyey panem (constituit eum dominum) domu swego y ksødzem wszego bydla swego",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1853 [Fifteenth century], Wacław Aleksander Maciejowski, editor, Piśmiennictwo polskie od czasów najdawniejszych aż do roku 1830, volume 4, Rogoźno, page 44:",
          "text": "Ktho tho wsdruschy, dyabel bandzye pan gego duschi",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "lord, master (male head of a household, a father or husband)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "lord",
          "lord"
        ],
        [
          "master",
          "master"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "attested in Greater Poland",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(attested in Greater Poland) lord, master (male head of a household, a father or husband)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
        "Old Polish terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1959 [1386], Henryk Kowalewicz, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, editors, Wielkopolskie roty sądowe XIV-XV wieku, Roty poznańskie, volume I, number 4, Poznań:",
          "text": "Item domina de Czepury prestabit iuramentum...: Jaco yest moy pan ne uinouat Sulcoui trzinaczcze grziwen za Czepuri",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "husband (male member of a marriage)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "husband",
          "husband"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "mąż"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Lesser Poland Old Polish",
        "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
        "Old Polish terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament",
          "ref": "1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter], Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament], page 102:",
          "text": "Blogoslawcze panv (domino) wszyczki syly yego",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Lord (title of God)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Lord",
          "Lord"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "attested in Lesser Poland",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(attested in Lesser Poland) Lord (title of God)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/paːn/",
      "note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/pɒn/",
      "note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
    }
  ],
  "word": "pan"
}

Download raw JSONL data for pan meaning in Old Polish (17.3kB)

{
  "called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
  "msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: attested in Greater Poland, Masovia",
  "path": [
    "pan"
  ],
  "section": "Old Polish",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "pan",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
  "msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: attested in Greater Poland, Masovia",
  "path": [
    "pan"
  ],
  "section": "Old Polish",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "pan",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
  "msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: attested in Greater Poland, Masovia",
  "path": [
    "pan"
  ],
  "section": "Old Polish",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "pan",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
  "msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: attested in Greater Poland, Masovia",
  "path": [
    "pan"
  ],
  "section": "Old Polish",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "pan",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old Polish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.