See ciężki in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "ciężki zakład"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "ciężkość"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "ciężki"
},
"expansion": "Polish: ciężki",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: ciężki"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": "ciynżki"
},
"expansion": "Silesian: ciynżki",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Silesian: ciynżki"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*tęžьkъ",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *tęžьkъ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*tęžьkъ"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *tęžьkъ",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "end of the 14th century"
},
"expansion": "the end of the 14th century",
"name": "etydate/the"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "end of the 14th century"
},
"expansion": "First attested in the end of the 14th century",
"name": "etydate"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *tęžьkъ. First attested in the end of the 14th century.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cięższy",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cięższy",
"adv": "ciężce",
"adv2": "ciężko"
},
"expansion": "ciężki (comparative cięższy, derived adverb ciężce or ciężko)",
"name": "zlw-opl-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "ciążebny"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "ciążny"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "ciąg"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "ciąża"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "ciążanie"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "ciążba"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "ciążebnik"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "ciągnąć"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "ciążać"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "lekki"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament",
"ref": "1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter], Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament], pages 37, 4:",
"text": "Lichoti moie... iaco brzemø *czoszke vczøszily se sø nade mnø (sicut onus grave gravatae sunt super me)",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"heavy (having much physical weight)"
],
"id": "en-ciężki-zlw-opl-adj-bNHfmu8Q",
"links": [
[
"heavy",
"heavy"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "9 31 9 10 11 9 12 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “Ex”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka), 17, 12:",
"text": "*Rocze Moyszeszowy bily søø *czyoszkye (manus autem Moysi erant graves), ... Aaron a Hur podpyeraly røcze gego... I stalo sze gest, zze røcze gego nye umøczyowaly sze",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"heavy, laboured; droopy, saggy"
],
"id": "en-ciężki-zlw-opl-adj-CdeKpNoF",
"links": [
[
"heavy",
"heavy"
],
[
"laboured",
"laboured"
],
[
"droopy",
"droopy"
],
[
"saggy",
"saggy"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Greater Poland Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1874-1891 [15th century], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności, volume XLVII, page 358:",
"text": "Czanskim praegnantibus",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "c. 1500, Wokabularz lubiński, Lubiń: inkunabuł Archiwum Archidiecezjalnego w Gnieźnie, sygn. Inc. 78d., page 105r:",
"text": "Pregnans id est grauida czyąschką",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"pregnant"
],
"id": "en-ciężki-zlw-opl-adj-N2vnLji7",
"links": [
[
"pregnant",
"pregnant"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Greater Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Greater Poland, of a woman) pregnant"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of a woman"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1420, Legenda o św. Dorocie, page 169:",
"text": "Crol vcruthny wymislil czenszke manky",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "History of Slavic lawmaking",
"ref": "1858 [c. 1408], Wojciech Szurkowski z Ponieca, “Wyroki sądów miejskich czyli ortyle [Urban court rulings i.e. \"Ortyls\"]”, in Wacław Aleksander Maciejowski, editor, Historia prawodawstw słowiańskich [History of Slavic lawmaking], volume 6, Poniec, page 57:",
"text": "Czo moze bycz weszwano chromothą albo czyaszkye ranyenye?",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1892 [1484], Hieronim Łopaciński, editor, Reguła trzeciego zakonu św. Franciszka i drobniejsze zabytki języka polskiego z końca w. XV i początku XVI, Krakow, page 712:",
"text": "Syosthry... dla gych... czyązkych pracz (fatigationis afficientis) m[ogą gyesycz] trzy razy przez dzyeny",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "15th century, Spowiedź powszechna - Confessio generalis, number 3:",
"text": "Prossza svego stvorzyczyela, […] yszby mya nye ssvdzyl podlvg mych sloscy y czyaskych grzechow",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"great; serious; awful"
],
"id": "en-ciężki-zlw-opl-adj-Pw2hIAg~",
"links": [
[
"great",
"great"
],
[
"serious",
"serious"
],
[
"awful",
"awful"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament",
"ref": "1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter], Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament], pages 34, 21:",
"text": "Spowadacz czi se bødø w czirekwi welikey, w ludu czøszkem (in populo gravi,) chwalicz cze bødø",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"serious, weighty"
],
"id": "en-ciężki-zlw-opl-adj-V~-8Tqll",
"links": [
[
"serious",
"serious"
],
[
"weighty",
"weighty"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament",
"ref": "1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter], Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament], pages 4, 3:",
"text": "Sinowe czlowekow, dokød to czøszkim sercem (filii hominum, usquequo gravi corde)?",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"sad"
],
"id": "en-ciężki-zlw-opl-adj-RcmmYU~M",
"links": [
[
"sad",
"sad"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1901 [1471], Materiały i Prace Komisji Językowej Akademii Umiejętności w Krakowie, volume V, page 17:",
"text": "Czanzek molestus",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"annoying, unpleasant"
],
"id": "en-ciężki-zlw-opl-adj-Z16gF6o~",
"links": [
[
"annoying",
"annoying"
],
[
"unpleasant",
"unpleasant"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1885-2024 [c. 1450], Jan Baudouina de Courtenay, Jan Karłowicz, Antoni Adam Kryńskiego, Malinowski Lucjan, editors, Prace Filologiczne, volume IV, page 571:",
"text": "Peiora *czoszsze",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"bad"
],
"id": "en-ciężki-zlw-opl-adj-LwXUtonS",
"links": [
[
"bad",
"bad"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/t͡ɕæ̃ʃʲkiː/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡ɕæ̃ʃʲki/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "ciężek"
}
],
"word": "ciężki"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish adjectives",
"Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Polish lemmas",
"Old Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Old Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Old Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "ciężki zakład"
},
{
"word": "ciężkość"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "ciężki"
},
"expansion": "Polish: ciężki",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: ciężki"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": "ciynżki"
},
"expansion": "Silesian: ciynżki",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Silesian: ciynżki"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*tęžьkъ",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *tęžьkъ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*tęžьkъ"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *tęžьkъ",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "end of the 14th century"
},
"expansion": "the end of the 14th century",
"name": "etydate/the"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "end of the 14th century"
},
"expansion": "First attested in the end of the 14th century",
"name": "etydate"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *tęžьkъ. First attested in the end of the 14th century.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cięższy",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cięższy",
"adv": "ciężce",
"adv2": "ciężko"
},
"expansion": "ciężki (comparative cięższy, derived adverb ciężce or ciężko)",
"name": "zlw-opl-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"word": "ciążebny"
},
{
"word": "ciążny"
},
{
"word": "ciąg"
},
{
"word": "ciąża"
},
{
"word": "ciążanie"
},
{
"word": "ciążba"
},
{
"word": "ciążebnik"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "ciągnąć"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "ciążać"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "lekki"
}
],
"categories": [
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament",
"ref": "1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter], Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament], pages 37, 4:",
"text": "Lichoti moie... iaco brzemø *czoszke vczøszily se sø nade mnø (sicut onus grave gravatae sunt super me)",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"heavy (having much physical weight)"
],
"links": [
[
"heavy",
"heavy"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “Ex”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka), 17, 12:",
"text": "*Rocze Moyszeszowy bily søø *czyoszkye (manus autem Moysi erant graves), ... Aaron a Hur podpyeraly røcze gego... I stalo sze gest, zze røcze gego nye umøczyowaly sze",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"heavy, laboured; droopy, saggy"
],
"links": [
[
"heavy",
"heavy"
],
[
"laboured",
"laboured"
],
[
"droopy",
"droopy"
],
[
"saggy",
"saggy"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Greater Poland Old Polish",
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1874-1891 [15th century], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności, volume XLVII, page 358:",
"text": "Czanskim praegnantibus",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "c. 1500, Wokabularz lubiński, Lubiń: inkunabuł Archiwum Archidiecezjalnego w Gnieźnie, sygn. Inc. 78d., page 105r:",
"text": "Pregnans id est grauida czyąschką",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"pregnant"
],
"links": [
[
"pregnant",
"pregnant"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Greater Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Greater Poland, of a woman) pregnant"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of a woman"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1420, Legenda o św. Dorocie, page 169:",
"text": "Crol vcruthny wymislil czenszke manky",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "History of Slavic lawmaking",
"ref": "1858 [c. 1408], Wojciech Szurkowski z Ponieca, “Wyroki sądów miejskich czyli ortyle [Urban court rulings i.e. \"Ortyls\"]”, in Wacław Aleksander Maciejowski, editor, Historia prawodawstw słowiańskich [History of Slavic lawmaking], volume 6, Poniec, page 57:",
"text": "Czo moze bycz weszwano chromothą albo czyaszkye ranyenye?",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1892 [1484], Hieronim Łopaciński, editor, Reguła trzeciego zakonu św. Franciszka i drobniejsze zabytki języka polskiego z końca w. XV i początku XVI, Krakow, page 712:",
"text": "Syosthry... dla gych... czyązkych pracz (fatigationis afficientis) m[ogą gyesycz] trzy razy przez dzyeny",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "15th century, Spowiedź powszechna - Confessio generalis, number 3:",
"text": "Prossza svego stvorzyczyela, […] yszby mya nye ssvdzyl podlvg mych sloscy y czyaskych grzechow",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"great; serious; awful"
],
"links": [
[
"great",
"great"
],
[
"serious",
"serious"
],
[
"awful",
"awful"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament",
"ref": "1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter], Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament], pages 34, 21:",
"text": "Spowadacz czi se bødø w czirekwi welikey, w ludu czøszkem (in populo gravi,) chwalicz cze bødø",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"serious, weighty"
],
"links": [
[
"serious",
"serious"
],
[
"weighty",
"weighty"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament",
"ref": "1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter], Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament], pages 4, 3:",
"text": "Sinowe czlowekow, dokød to czøszkim sercem (filii hominum, usquequo gravi corde)?",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"sad"
],
"links": [
[
"sad",
"sad"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1901 [1471], Materiały i Prace Komisji Językowej Akademii Umiejętności w Krakowie, volume V, page 17:",
"text": "Czanzek molestus",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"annoying, unpleasant"
],
"links": [
[
"annoying",
"annoying"
],
[
"unpleasant",
"unpleasant"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1885-2024 [c. 1450], Jan Baudouina de Courtenay, Jan Karłowicz, Antoni Adam Kryńskiego, Malinowski Lucjan, editors, Prace Filologiczne, volume IV, page 571:",
"text": "Peiora *czoszsze",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"bad"
],
"links": [
[
"bad",
"bad"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/t͡ɕæ̃ʃʲkiː/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡ɕæ̃ʃʲki/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ciężek"
}
],
"word": "ciężki"
}
Download raw JSONL data for ciężki meaning in Old Polish (7.9kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: derived adverb ciężce or ciężko",
"path": [
"ciężki"
],
"section": "Old Polish",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "ciężki",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old Polish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.