See rjúfa in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "rjúfa"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: rjúfa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: rjúfa"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "rjúva"
},
"expansion": "Faroese: rjúva",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Faroese: rjúva"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "rjuva"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk: rjuva",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Nynorsk: rjuva"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-osw",
"2": "ryva",
"alt": "rȳva",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish: rȳva, riuva, riūva",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Swedish: rȳva, riuva, riūva"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*Hrewp-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*reufaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *reufaną",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*Hrewp-",
"4": "",
"5": "to break"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *Hrewp- (“to break”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *reufaną. Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *Hrewp- (“to break”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "rauf",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rufu",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rofinn",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "non-conj-strong",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "2",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "rjúfa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "rjúfandi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "rofinn",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "rýf",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rauf",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rýfr",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rauft",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rýfr",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rauf",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rjúfum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "rufum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rjúfið",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rufuð",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rjúfa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rufu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rjúfa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ryfa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rjúfir",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ryfir",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rjúfi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ryfi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rjúfim",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "ryfim",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ryfið",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rjúfi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ryfi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rjúf",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "non-conj-strong",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "2",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "rjúfask",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "rjúfandisk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "rofizk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "rjúfumk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rufumk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rýfsk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "raufzk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rýfsk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "raufsk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rjúfumsk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "rufumsk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rjúfizk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rufuzk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rjúfask",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rufusk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ryfumk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rjúfisk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ryfisk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rjúfisk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ryfisk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rjúfimsk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "ryfimsk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ryfizk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rjúfisk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ryfisk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rjúfsk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"10": "{{{ppast2}}}",
"11": "",
"12": "{{{ppast3}}}",
"13": "past participle",
"14": "rofinn",
"15": "",
"16": "{{{pp2}}}",
"2": "verb",
"3": "singular past indicative",
"4": "rauf",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{spast2}}}",
"7": "plural past indicative",
"8": "rufu",
"9": "",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "rjúfa (singular past indicative rauf, plural past indicative rufu, past participle rofinn)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rauf",
"2": "rufu",
"3": "rofinn"
},
"expansion": "rjúfa (singular past indicative rauf, plural past indicative rufu, past participle rofinn)",
"name": "non-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rjúf",
"1i": "rýf",
"2": "rauf",
"3": "ruf",
"3i": "ryf",
"4": "rof",
"class": "2"
},
"name": "non-conj-strong"
},
{
"args": {
"impr_1pl": "rjúfum",
"impr_2pl": "rjúfið",
"impr_2sg": "rjúf",
"infinitive": "rjúfa",
"mp_impr_1pl": "rjúfumsk",
"mp_impr_2pl": "rjúfizk",
"mp_impr_2sg": "rjúfsk",
"mp_infinitive": "rjúfask",
"mp_past_ind_1pl": "rufumsk",
"mp_past_ind_1sg": "rufumk",
"mp_past_ind_2pl": "rufuzk",
"mp_past_ind_2sg": "raufzk",
"mp_past_ind_3pl": "rufusk",
"mp_past_ind_3sg": "raufsk",
"mp_past_part": "rofizk",
"mp_past_sub_1pl": "ryfimsk",
"mp_past_sub_1sg": "ryfumk",
"mp_past_sub_2pl": "ryfizk",
"mp_past_sub_2sg": "ryfisk",
"mp_past_sub_3pl": "ryfisk",
"mp_past_sub_3sg": "ryfisk",
"mp_pres_ind_1pl": "rjúfumsk",
"mp_pres_ind_1sg": "rjúfumk",
"mp_pres_ind_2pl": "rjúfizk",
"mp_pres_ind_2sg": "rýfsk",
"mp_pres_ind_3pl": "rjúfask",
"mp_pres_ind_3sg": "rýfsk",
"mp_pres_part": "rjúfandisk",
"mp_pres_sub_1pl": "rjúfimsk",
"mp_pres_sub_1sg": "rjúfumk",
"mp_pres_sub_2pl": "rjúfizk",
"mp_pres_sub_2sg": "rjúfisk",
"mp_pres_sub_3pl": "rjúfisk",
"mp_pres_sub_3sg": "rjúfisk",
"past_ind_1pl": "rufum",
"past_ind_1sg": "rauf",
"past_ind_2pl": "rufuð",
"past_ind_2sg": "rauft",
"past_ind_3pl": "rufu",
"past_ind_3sg": "rauf",
"past_part": "rofinn",
"past_sub_1pl": "ryfim",
"past_sub_1sg": "ryfa",
"past_sub_2pl": "ryfið",
"past_sub_2sg": "ryfir",
"past_sub_3pl": "ryfi",
"past_sub_3sg": "ryfi",
"personal": "yes",
"pres_ind_1pl": "rjúfum",
"pres_ind_1sg": "rýf",
"pres_ind_2pl": "rjúfið",
"pres_ind_2sg": "rýfr",
"pres_ind_3pl": "rjúfa",
"pres_ind_3sg": "rýfr",
"pres_part": "rjúfandi",
"pres_sub_1pl": "rjúfim",
"pres_sub_1sg": "rjúfa",
"pres_sub_2pl": "rjúfið",
"pres_sub_2sg": "rjúfir",
"pres_sub_3pl": "rjúfi",
"pres_sub_3sg": "rjúfi",
"title1": "Conjugation of rjúfa — active (strong class 2)",
"title2": "Conjugation of rjúfa — mediopassive (strong class 2)"
},
"name": "non-conj-blank-full"
},
{
"args": {
"impr_1pl": "rjúfum",
"impr_2pl": "rjúfið",
"impr_2sg": "rjúf",
"infinitive": "rjúfa",
"mode": "act",
"past_ind_1pl": "rufum",
"past_ind_1sg": "rauf",
"past_ind_2pl": "rufuð",
"past_ind_2sg": "rauft",
"past_ind_3pl": "rufu",
"past_ind_3sg": "rauf",
"past_part": "rofinn",
"past_sub_1pl": "ryfim",
"past_sub_1sg": "ryfa",
"past_sub_2pl": "ryfið",
"past_sub_2sg": "ryfir",
"past_sub_3pl": "ryfi",
"past_sub_3sg": "ryfi",
"pres_ind_1pl": "rjúfum",
"pres_ind_1sg": "rýf",
"pres_ind_2pl": "rjúfið",
"pres_ind_2sg": "rýfr",
"pres_ind_3pl": "rjúfa",
"pres_ind_3sg": "rýfr",
"pres_part": "rjúfandi",
"pres_sub_1pl": "rjúfim",
"pres_sub_1sg": "rjúfa",
"pres_sub_2pl": "rjúfið",
"pres_sub_2sg": "rjúfir",
"pres_sub_3pl": "rjúfi",
"pres_sub_3sg": "rjúfi",
"title": "Conjugation of rjúfa — active (strong class 2)"
},
"name": "non-conj-table"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rjúfa",
"2": "infinitive",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rjúfandi",
"2": "pres_part",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rofinn",
"2": "past_part",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rýf",
"2": "pres_ind_1sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rauf",
"2": "past_ind_1sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rýfr",
"2": "pres_ind_2sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rauft",
"2": "past_ind_2sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rýfr",
"2": "pres_ind_3sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rauf",
"2": "past_ind_3sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rjúfum",
"2": "pres_ind_1pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rufum",
"2": "past_ind_1pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rjúfið",
"2": "pres_ind_2pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rufuð",
"2": "past_ind_2pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rjúfa",
"2": "pres_ind_3pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rufu",
"2": "past_ind_3pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rjúfa",
"2": "pres_sub_1sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ryfa",
"2": "past_sub_1sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rjúfir",
"2": "pres_sub_2sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ryfir",
"2": "past_sub_2sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rjúfi",
"2": "pres_sub_3sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ryfi",
"2": "past_sub_3sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rjúfim",
"2": "pres_sub_1pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ryfim",
"2": "past_sub_1pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rjúfið",
"2": "pres_sub_2pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ryfið",
"2": "past_sub_2pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rjúfi",
"2": "pres_sub_3pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ryfi",
"2": "past_sub_3pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rjúf",
"2": "impr_2sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rjúfum",
"2": "impr_1pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rjúfið",
"2": "impr_2pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"impr_1pl": "rjúfumsk",
"impr_2pl": "rjúfizk",
"impr_2sg": "rjúfsk",
"infinitive": "rjúfask",
"mode": "mpass",
"past_ind_1pl": "rufumsk",
"past_ind_1sg": "rufumk",
"past_ind_2pl": "rufuzk",
"past_ind_2sg": "raufzk",
"past_ind_3pl": "rufusk",
"past_ind_3sg": "raufsk",
"past_part": "rofizk",
"past_sub_1pl": "ryfimsk",
"past_sub_1sg": "ryfumk",
"past_sub_2pl": "ryfizk",
"past_sub_2sg": "ryfisk",
"past_sub_3pl": "ryfisk",
"past_sub_3sg": "ryfisk",
"pres_ind_1pl": "rjúfumsk",
"pres_ind_1sg": "rjúfumk",
"pres_ind_2pl": "rjúfizk",
"pres_ind_2sg": "rýfsk",
"pres_ind_3pl": "rjúfask",
"pres_ind_3sg": "rýfsk",
"pres_part": "rjúfandisk",
"pres_sub_1pl": "rjúfimsk",
"pres_sub_1sg": "rjúfumk",
"pres_sub_2pl": "rjúfizk",
"pres_sub_2sg": "rjúfisk",
"pres_sub_3pl": "rjúfisk",
"pres_sub_3sg": "rjúfisk",
"title": "Conjugation of rjúfa — mediopassive (strong class 2)"
},
"name": "non-conj-table"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rjúfask",
"2": "infinitive",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rjúfandisk",
"2": "pres_part",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rofizk",
"2": "past_part",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rjúfumk",
"2": "pres_ind_1sg",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rufumk",
"2": "past_ind_1sg",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rýfsk",
"2": "pres_ind_2sg",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "raufzk",
"2": "past_ind_2sg",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rýfsk",
"2": "pres_ind_3sg",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "raufsk",
"2": "past_ind_3sg",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rjúfumsk",
"2": "pres_ind_1pl",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rufumsk",
"2": "past_ind_1pl",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rjúfizk",
"2": "pres_ind_2pl",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rufuzk",
"2": "past_ind_2pl",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rjúfask",
"2": "pres_ind_3pl",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rufusk",
"2": "past_ind_3pl",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rjúfumk",
"2": "pres_sub_1sg",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ryfumk",
"2": "past_sub_1sg",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rjúfisk",
"2": "pres_sub_2sg",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ryfisk",
"2": "past_sub_2sg",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rjúfisk",
"2": "pres_sub_3sg",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ryfisk",
"2": "past_sub_3sg",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rjúfimsk",
"2": "pres_sub_1pl",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ryfimsk",
"2": "past_sub_1pl",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rjúfizk",
"2": "pres_sub_2pl",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ryfizk",
"2": "past_sub_2pl",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rjúfisk",
"2": "pres_sub_3pl",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ryfisk",
"2": "past_sub_3pl",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rjúfsk",
"2": "impr_2sg",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rjúfumsk",
"2": "impr_1pl",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rjúfizk",
"2": "impr_2pl",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
}
],
"lang": "Old Norse",
"lang_code": "non",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rauf"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "raufa"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "reyfa"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to make wounds",
"text": "rjúfa undir",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to break a hole in, break"
],
"id": "en-rjúfa-non-verb-YqS46RMh",
"links": [
[
"break",
"break"
],
[
"hole",
"hole"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to break a hole in, break"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to break, violate (e.g. a law)"
],
"id": "en-rjúfa-non-verb-2324y7nC",
"links": [
[
"violate",
"violate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) to break, violate (e.g. a law)"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "the fog clears away",
"text": "rýfr þokuna",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to clear away"
],
"id": "en-rjúfa-non-verb-vpzpHqW3",
"links": [
[
"clear",
"clear"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(impersonal) to clear away"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "hrjóða"
}
],
"tags": [
"impersonal"
]
}
],
"word": "rjúfa"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Norse class 2 strong verbs",
"Old Norse entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Norse lemmas",
"Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old Norse terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *Hrewp-",
"Old Norse terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old Norse verbs",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "rjúfa"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: rjúfa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: rjúfa"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "rjúva"
},
"expansion": "Faroese: rjúva",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Faroese: rjúva"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "rjuva"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk: rjuva",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Nynorsk: rjuva"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-osw",
"2": "ryva",
"alt": "rȳva",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish: rȳva, riuva, riūva",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Swedish: rȳva, riuva, riūva"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*Hrewp-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*reufaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *reufaną",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*Hrewp-",
"4": "",
"5": "to break"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *Hrewp- (“to break”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *reufaną. Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *Hrewp- (“to break”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "rauf",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rufu",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rofinn",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "non-conj-strong",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "2",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "rjúfa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "rjúfandi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "rofinn",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "rýf",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rauf",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rýfr",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rauft",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rýfr",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rauf",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rjúfum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "rufum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rjúfið",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rufuð",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rjúfa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rufu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rjúfa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ryfa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rjúfir",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ryfir",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rjúfi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ryfi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rjúfim",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "ryfim",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ryfið",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rjúfi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ryfi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rjúf",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "non-conj-strong",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "2",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "rjúfask",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "rjúfandisk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "rofizk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "rjúfumk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rufumk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rýfsk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "raufzk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rýfsk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "raufsk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rjúfumsk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "rufumsk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rjúfizk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rufuzk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rjúfask",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rufusk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ryfumk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rjúfisk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ryfisk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rjúfisk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ryfisk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rjúfimsk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "ryfimsk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ryfizk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rjúfisk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ryfisk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rjúfsk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"10": "{{{ppast2}}}",
"11": "",
"12": "{{{ppast3}}}",
"13": "past participle",
"14": "rofinn",
"15": "",
"16": "{{{pp2}}}",
"2": "verb",
"3": "singular past indicative",
"4": "rauf",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{spast2}}}",
"7": "plural past indicative",
"8": "rufu",
"9": "",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "rjúfa (singular past indicative rauf, plural past indicative rufu, past participle rofinn)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rauf",
"2": "rufu",
"3": "rofinn"
},
"expansion": "rjúfa (singular past indicative rauf, plural past indicative rufu, past participle rofinn)",
"name": "non-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rjúf",
"1i": "rýf",
"2": "rauf",
"3": "ruf",
"3i": "ryf",
"4": "rof",
"class": "2"
},
"name": "non-conj-strong"
},
{
"args": {
"impr_1pl": "rjúfum",
"impr_2pl": "rjúfið",
"impr_2sg": "rjúf",
"infinitive": "rjúfa",
"mp_impr_1pl": "rjúfumsk",
"mp_impr_2pl": "rjúfizk",
"mp_impr_2sg": "rjúfsk",
"mp_infinitive": "rjúfask",
"mp_past_ind_1pl": "rufumsk",
"mp_past_ind_1sg": "rufumk",
"mp_past_ind_2pl": "rufuzk",
"mp_past_ind_2sg": "raufzk",
"mp_past_ind_3pl": "rufusk",
"mp_past_ind_3sg": "raufsk",
"mp_past_part": "rofizk",
"mp_past_sub_1pl": "ryfimsk",
"mp_past_sub_1sg": "ryfumk",
"mp_past_sub_2pl": "ryfizk",
"mp_past_sub_2sg": "ryfisk",
"mp_past_sub_3pl": "ryfisk",
"mp_past_sub_3sg": "ryfisk",
"mp_pres_ind_1pl": "rjúfumsk",
"mp_pres_ind_1sg": "rjúfumk",
"mp_pres_ind_2pl": "rjúfizk",
"mp_pres_ind_2sg": "rýfsk",
"mp_pres_ind_3pl": "rjúfask",
"mp_pres_ind_3sg": "rýfsk",
"mp_pres_part": "rjúfandisk",
"mp_pres_sub_1pl": "rjúfimsk",
"mp_pres_sub_1sg": "rjúfumk",
"mp_pres_sub_2pl": "rjúfizk",
"mp_pres_sub_2sg": "rjúfisk",
"mp_pres_sub_3pl": "rjúfisk",
"mp_pres_sub_3sg": "rjúfisk",
"past_ind_1pl": "rufum",
"past_ind_1sg": "rauf",
"past_ind_2pl": "rufuð",
"past_ind_2sg": "rauft",
"past_ind_3pl": "rufu",
"past_ind_3sg": "rauf",
"past_part": "rofinn",
"past_sub_1pl": "ryfim",
"past_sub_1sg": "ryfa",
"past_sub_2pl": "ryfið",
"past_sub_2sg": "ryfir",
"past_sub_3pl": "ryfi",
"past_sub_3sg": "ryfi",
"personal": "yes",
"pres_ind_1pl": "rjúfum",
"pres_ind_1sg": "rýf",
"pres_ind_2pl": "rjúfið",
"pres_ind_2sg": "rýfr",
"pres_ind_3pl": "rjúfa",
"pres_ind_3sg": "rýfr",
"pres_part": "rjúfandi",
"pres_sub_1pl": "rjúfim",
"pres_sub_1sg": "rjúfa",
"pres_sub_2pl": "rjúfið",
"pres_sub_2sg": "rjúfir",
"pres_sub_3pl": "rjúfi",
"pres_sub_3sg": "rjúfi",
"title1": "Conjugation of rjúfa — active (strong class 2)",
"title2": "Conjugation of rjúfa — mediopassive (strong class 2)"
},
"name": "non-conj-blank-full"
},
{
"args": {
"impr_1pl": "rjúfum",
"impr_2pl": "rjúfið",
"impr_2sg": "rjúf",
"infinitive": "rjúfa",
"mode": "act",
"past_ind_1pl": "rufum",
"past_ind_1sg": "rauf",
"past_ind_2pl": "rufuð",
"past_ind_2sg": "rauft",
"past_ind_3pl": "rufu",
"past_ind_3sg": "rauf",
"past_part": "rofinn",
"past_sub_1pl": "ryfim",
"past_sub_1sg": "ryfa",
"past_sub_2pl": "ryfið",
"past_sub_2sg": "ryfir",
"past_sub_3pl": "ryfi",
"past_sub_3sg": "ryfi",
"pres_ind_1pl": "rjúfum",
"pres_ind_1sg": "rýf",
"pres_ind_2pl": "rjúfið",
"pres_ind_2sg": "rýfr",
"pres_ind_3pl": "rjúfa",
"pres_ind_3sg": "rýfr",
"pres_part": "rjúfandi",
"pres_sub_1pl": "rjúfim",
"pres_sub_1sg": "rjúfa",
"pres_sub_2pl": "rjúfið",
"pres_sub_2sg": "rjúfir",
"pres_sub_3pl": "rjúfi",
"pres_sub_3sg": "rjúfi",
"title": "Conjugation of rjúfa — active (strong class 2)"
},
"name": "non-conj-table"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rjúfa",
"2": "infinitive",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rjúfandi",
"2": "pres_part",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rofinn",
"2": "past_part",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rýf",
"2": "pres_ind_1sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rauf",
"2": "past_ind_1sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rýfr",
"2": "pres_ind_2sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rauft",
"2": "past_ind_2sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rýfr",
"2": "pres_ind_3sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rauf",
"2": "past_ind_3sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rjúfum",
"2": "pres_ind_1pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rufum",
"2": "past_ind_1pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rjúfið",
"2": "pres_ind_2pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rufuð",
"2": "past_ind_2pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rjúfa",
"2": "pres_ind_3pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rufu",
"2": "past_ind_3pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rjúfa",
"2": "pres_sub_1sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ryfa",
"2": "past_sub_1sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rjúfir",
"2": "pres_sub_2sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ryfir",
"2": "past_sub_2sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rjúfi",
"2": "pres_sub_3sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ryfi",
"2": "past_sub_3sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rjúfim",
"2": "pres_sub_1pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ryfim",
"2": "past_sub_1pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rjúfið",
"2": "pres_sub_2pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ryfið",
"2": "past_sub_2pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rjúfi",
"2": "pres_sub_3pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ryfi",
"2": "past_sub_3pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rjúf",
"2": "impr_2sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rjúfum",
"2": "impr_1pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rjúfið",
"2": "impr_2pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"impr_1pl": "rjúfumsk",
"impr_2pl": "rjúfizk",
"impr_2sg": "rjúfsk",
"infinitive": "rjúfask",
"mode": "mpass",
"past_ind_1pl": "rufumsk",
"past_ind_1sg": "rufumk",
"past_ind_2pl": "rufuzk",
"past_ind_2sg": "raufzk",
"past_ind_3pl": "rufusk",
"past_ind_3sg": "raufsk",
"past_part": "rofizk",
"past_sub_1pl": "ryfimsk",
"past_sub_1sg": "ryfumk",
"past_sub_2pl": "ryfizk",
"past_sub_2sg": "ryfisk",
"past_sub_3pl": "ryfisk",
"past_sub_3sg": "ryfisk",
"pres_ind_1pl": "rjúfumsk",
"pres_ind_1sg": "rjúfumk",
"pres_ind_2pl": "rjúfizk",
"pres_ind_2sg": "rýfsk",
"pres_ind_3pl": "rjúfask",
"pres_ind_3sg": "rýfsk",
"pres_part": "rjúfandisk",
"pres_sub_1pl": "rjúfimsk",
"pres_sub_1sg": "rjúfumk",
"pres_sub_2pl": "rjúfizk",
"pres_sub_2sg": "rjúfisk",
"pres_sub_3pl": "rjúfisk",
"pres_sub_3sg": "rjúfisk",
"title": "Conjugation of rjúfa — mediopassive (strong class 2)"
},
"name": "non-conj-table"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rjúfask",
"2": "infinitive",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rjúfandisk",
"2": "pres_part",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rofizk",
"2": "past_part",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rjúfumk",
"2": "pres_ind_1sg",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rufumk",
"2": "past_ind_1sg",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rýfsk",
"2": "pres_ind_2sg",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "raufzk",
"2": "past_ind_2sg",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rýfsk",
"2": "pres_ind_3sg",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "raufsk",
"2": "past_ind_3sg",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rjúfumsk",
"2": "pres_ind_1pl",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rufumsk",
"2": "past_ind_1pl",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rjúfizk",
"2": "pres_ind_2pl",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rufuzk",
"2": "past_ind_2pl",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rjúfask",
"2": "pres_ind_3pl",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rufusk",
"2": "past_ind_3pl",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rjúfumk",
"2": "pres_sub_1sg",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ryfumk",
"2": "past_sub_1sg",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rjúfisk",
"2": "pres_sub_2sg",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ryfisk",
"2": "past_sub_2sg",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rjúfisk",
"2": "pres_sub_3sg",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ryfisk",
"2": "past_sub_3sg",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rjúfimsk",
"2": "pres_sub_1pl",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ryfimsk",
"2": "past_sub_1pl",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rjúfizk",
"2": "pres_sub_2pl",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ryfizk",
"2": "past_sub_2pl",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rjúfisk",
"2": "pres_sub_3pl",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ryfisk",
"2": "past_sub_3pl",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rjúfsk",
"2": "impr_2sg",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rjúfumsk",
"2": "impr_1pl",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rjúfizk",
"2": "impr_2pl",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
}
],
"lang": "Old Norse",
"lang_code": "non",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rauf"
},
{
"word": "raufa"
},
{
"word": "reyfa"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old Norse terms with usage examples",
"Old Norse transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to make wounds",
"text": "rjúfa undir",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to break a hole in, break"
],
"links": [
[
"break",
"break"
],
[
"hole",
"hole"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to break a hole in, break"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to break, violate (e.g. a law)"
],
"links": [
[
"violate",
"violate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) to break, violate (e.g. a law)"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old Norse impersonal verbs",
"Old Norse terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "the fog clears away",
"text": "rýfr þokuna",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to clear away"
],
"links": [
[
"clear",
"clear"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(impersonal) to clear away"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "hrjóða"
}
],
"tags": [
"impersonal"
]
}
],
"word": "rjúfa"
}
Download raw JSONL data for rjúfa meaning in Old Norse (17.2kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old Norse dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-09 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-02 using wiktextract (32c88e6 and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.