See yfel in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "evil"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "evil"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "ewil"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"word": "yvel"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "evil"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "evil"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "ewil"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"word": "uvel"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "evil"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "evil"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "ewil"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"word": "evel"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*ubil"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *ubil",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*ubilaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *ubilaz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *ubil, from Proto-Germanic *ubilaz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "wiersa",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "wierrest",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-adecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "yfel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yfel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yfel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yfele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yfel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yfeles",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelre",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yfeles",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelre",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yfele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelre",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yfele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yfele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfela",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfela",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-adecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "yfela",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yfele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yfele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yfele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "eofel",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "efel",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "wiersa",
"3": "wierrest"
},
"expansion": "yfel (comparative wiersa, superlative wierrest)",
"name": "ang-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yfel"
},
"name": "ang-adecl"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"bad"
],
"id": "en-yfel-ang-adj-LwXUtonS",
"links": [
[
"bad",
"bad"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "22 1 43 33 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "38 0 34 26 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 0 41 31 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"bad in a moral sense, evil"
],
"id": "en-yfel-ang-adj-ja8hCZ8S",
"links": [
[
"bad",
"bad"
],
[
"evil",
"evil"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈy.fel/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈy.vel]"
}
],
"word": "yfel"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"english": "good",
"translation": "good",
"word": "gōd"
},
{
"english": "good",
"translation": "good",
"word": "til"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "badly",
"translation": "badly",
"word": "yfele"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "to wrong",
"translation": "to wrong",
"word": "yfelian"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "yfelnes"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "to blaspheme",
"translation": "to blaspheme",
"word": "yfelsacian"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "malicious",
"translation": "malicious",
"word": "yfelwillende"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "evil"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "evil"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "ewil"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"word": "yvel"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "evil"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "evil"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "ewil"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"word": "uvel"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "evil"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "evil"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "ewil"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"word": "evel"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*ubil"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *ubil",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*ubilaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *ubilaz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *ubil, from Proto-Germanic *ubilaz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-decl-noun-a-n",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "yfel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yfel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yfel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfeles",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yfela",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "eofel",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "efel",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"g": "n",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "yfel n",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "n"
},
"expansion": "yfel n",
"name": "ang-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yfel"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun-a-n"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "yfel",
"2": "yfel",
"3": "yfel",
"4": "yfel",
"5": "yfeles",
"6": "yfela",
"7": "yfele",
"8": "yfelum",
"num": "",
"title": "",
"type": "strong a-stem"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "38 0 34 26 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"something bad or bad things collectively; harm, misfortune"
],
"id": "en-yfel-ang-noun-Hp9VsLW5",
"links": [
[
"bad",
"bad"
],
[
"harm",
"harm"
],
[
"misfortune",
"misfortune"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "late 9th century, King Alfred's translation of Saint Augustine's Soliloquies\n...;sē ūs ġescylt wið eallum yfellum.\n...;He shieldeth us against every evil.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"evil"
],
"id": "en-yfel-ang-noun-tcH7Lvxt",
"links": [
[
"evil",
"evil"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈy.fel/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈy.vel]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "un-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "gal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "unweorþ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "trag"
}
],
"word": "yfel"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old English adjectives",
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English lemmas",
"Old English neuter a-stem nouns",
"Old English neuter nouns",
"Old English nouns",
"Old English suppletive adjectives",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "evil"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "evil"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "ewil"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"word": "yvel"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "evil"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "evil"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "ewil"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"word": "uvel"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "evil"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "evil"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "ewil"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"word": "evel"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*ubil"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *ubil",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*ubilaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *ubilaz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *ubil, from Proto-Germanic *ubilaz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "wiersa",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "wierrest",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-adecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "yfel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yfel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yfel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yfele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yfel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yfeles",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelre",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yfeles",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelre",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yfele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelre",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yfele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yfele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfela",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfela",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-adecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "yfela",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yfele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yfele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yfele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "eofel",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "efel",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "wiersa",
"3": "wierrest"
},
"expansion": "yfel (comparative wiersa, superlative wierrest)",
"name": "ang-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yfel"
},
"name": "ang-adecl"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"bad"
],
"links": [
[
"bad",
"bad"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"bad in a moral sense, evil"
],
"links": [
[
"bad",
"bad"
],
[
"evil",
"evil"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈy.fel/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈy.vel]"
}
],
"word": "yfel"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"english": "good",
"translation": "good",
"word": "gōd"
},
{
"english": "good",
"translation": "good",
"word": "til"
}
],
"categories": [
"Old English adjectives",
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English lemmas",
"Old English neuter a-stem nouns",
"Old English neuter nouns",
"Old English nouns",
"Old English suppletive adjectives",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "badly",
"translation": "badly",
"word": "yfele"
},
{
"english": "to wrong",
"translation": "to wrong",
"word": "yfelian"
},
{
"word": "yfelnes"
},
{
"english": "to blaspheme",
"translation": "to blaspheme",
"word": "yfelsacian"
},
{
"english": "malicious",
"translation": "malicious",
"word": "yfelwillende"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "evil"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "evil"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "ewil"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"word": "yvel"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "evil"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "evil"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "ewil"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"word": "uvel"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "evil"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "evil"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "ewil"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"word": "evel"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*ubil"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *ubil",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*ubilaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *ubilaz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *ubil, from Proto-Germanic *ubilaz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-decl-noun-a-n",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "yfel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yfel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yfel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfeles",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yfela",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "eofel",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "efel",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"g": "n",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "yfel n",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "n"
},
"expansion": "yfel n",
"name": "ang-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yfel"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun-a-n"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "yfel",
"2": "yfel",
"3": "yfel",
"4": "yfel",
"5": "yfeles",
"6": "yfela",
"7": "yfele",
"8": "yfelum",
"num": "",
"title": "",
"type": "strong a-stem"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"something bad or bad things collectively; harm, misfortune"
],
"links": [
[
"bad",
"bad"
],
[
"harm",
"harm"
],
[
"misfortune",
"misfortune"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "late 9th century, King Alfred's translation of Saint Augustine's Soliloquies\n...;sē ūs ġescylt wið eallum yfellum.\n...;He shieldeth us against every evil.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"evil"
],
"links": [
[
"evil",
"evil"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈy.fel/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈy.vel]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "un-"
},
{
"word": "gal"
},
{
"word": "unweorþ"
},
{
"word": "trag"
}
],
"word": "yfel"
}
Download raw JSONL data for yfel meaning in Old English (12.4kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-10-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-10-01 using wiktextract (c8bd62c and a979ada). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.