See yfel on Wiktionary
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"_dis1": "0 0",
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{
"text": "late 9th century, King Alfred's translation of Saint Augustine's Soliloquies\n...;sē ūs ġescylt wið eallum yfellum.\n...;He shieldeth us against every evil.",
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}
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}
],
"word": "yfel"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old English adjectives",
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English lemmas",
"Old English neuter a-stem nouns",
"Old English neuter nouns",
"Old English nouns",
"Old English suppletive adjectives",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "yvel",
"3": "uvel",
"4": "evel"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: yvel, uvel, evel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: yvel, uvel, evel"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "evil"
},
"expansion": "English: evil",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: evil"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "evil",
"3": "ewil"
},
"expansion": "Scots: evil, ewil",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: evil, ewil"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*ubil"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *ubil",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*ubilaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *ubilaz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *ubil, from Proto-Germanic *ubilaz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "wiersa",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "wierrest",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-adecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "yfel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yfel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yfel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yfele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yfel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yfeles",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelre",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yfeles",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelre",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yfele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelre",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yfele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yfele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfela",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfela",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-adecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "yfela",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yfele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yfele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yfele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "efel",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "eofel",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "wiersa",
"3": "wierrest"
},
"expansion": "yfel (comparative wiersa, superlative wierrest)",
"name": "ang-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yfel"
},
"name": "ang-adecl"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"bad"
],
"links": [
[
"bad",
"bad"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"bad in a moral sense, evil"
],
"links": [
[
"bad",
"bad"
],
[
"evil",
"evil"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈy.fel/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈy.vel]"
}
],
"word": "yfel"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"english": "good",
"word": "gōd"
},
{
"english": "good",
"word": "til"
}
],
"categories": [
"Old English adjectives",
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English lemmas",
"Old English neuter a-stem nouns",
"Old English neuter nouns",
"Old English nouns",
"Old English suppletive adjectives",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "badly",
"word": "yfele"
},
{
"english": "to wrong",
"word": "yfelian"
},
{
"english": "to blaspheme",
"word": "yfelsacian"
},
{
"english": "malicious",
"word": "yfelwillende"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "yvel",
"3": "uvel",
"4": "evel"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: yvel, uvel, evel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: yvel, uvel, evel"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "evil"
},
"expansion": "English: evil",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: evil"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "evil",
"3": "ewil"
},
"expansion": "Scots: evil, ewil",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: evil, ewil"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*ubil"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *ubil",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*ubilaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *ubilaz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *ubil, from Proto-Germanic *ubilaz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-decl-noun-a-n",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "yfel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yfel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yfel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfeles",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yfela",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yfele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yfelum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "efel",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "eofel",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"g": "n",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "yfel n",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "n"
},
"expansion": "yfel n",
"name": "ang-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yfel"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun-a-n"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "yfel",
"2": "yfel",
"3": "yfel",
"4": "yfel",
"5": "yfeles",
"6": "yfela",
"7": "yfele",
"8": "yfelum",
"num": "",
"title": "",
"type": "strong a-stem"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"something bad or bad things collectively; harm, misfortune"
],
"links": [
[
"bad",
"bad"
],
[
"harm",
"harm"
],
[
"misfortune",
"misfortune"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "late 9th century, King Alfred's translation of Saint Augustine's Soliloquies\n...;sē ūs ġescylt wið eallum yfellum.\n...;He shieldeth us against every evil.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"evil"
],
"links": [
[
"evil",
"evil"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈy.fel/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈy.vel]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "un-"
},
{
"word": "gal"
},
{
"word": "unweorþ"
},
{
"word": "trag"
}
],
"word": "yfel"
}
Download raw JSONL data for yfel meaning in All languages combined (13.1kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-09 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-02 using wiktextract (32c88e6 and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.