See windan in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "wynden",
"id": "to wind",
"noalts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: wynden\nEnglish: wind\nScots: wind, wund, win, wun",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: wynden\nEnglish: wind\nScots: wind, wund, win, wun"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*windaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *windaną",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "winda"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian winda",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "wine"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian wine",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "windan"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon windan",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "winden"
},
"expansion": "Low German winden",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "winden"
},
"expansion": "Dutch winden",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "wintan"
},
"expansion": "Old High German wintan",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "winden"
},
"expansion": "German winden",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "vinda"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse vinda",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "vinde"
},
"expansion": "Danish vinde",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "vinda"
},
"expansion": "Swedish vinda",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "*𐍅𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌽"
},
"expansion": "Gothic *𐍅𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌽 (*windan)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *windaną. Cognate with Old Frisian winda (West Frisian wine), Old Saxon windan (Low German winden), Dutch winden, Old High German wintan (German winden), Old Norse vinda (Danish vinde, Swedish vinda), Gothic *𐍅𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌽 (*windan).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "3",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "windan",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "windenne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "winde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wand",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "winst",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wintst",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wunde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wint",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wand",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "windaþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "wundon",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "winde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wunde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "winden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "wunden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wind",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "windaþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "windende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "wunden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ġewunden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "windan",
"name": "ang-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "windan<s3>"
},
"name": "ang-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "ætwindan"
},
{
"word": "bewindan"
},
{
"word": "ġewindan"
},
{
"word": "unwindan"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "His path of exile not at all hold twisted gold,\nthe cold spirit, not at all earth's glory.",
"ref": "10th century, The Wanderer:",
"text": "Warað hine wræclāst, · nales wunden gold,\nferðloca frēoriġ, · nalæs foldan blǣd.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to twist, wind, circle, curl, spiral, eddy"
],
"id": "en-windan-ang-verb-OlLLjJGu",
"links": [
[
"twist",
"twist"
],
[
"wind",
"wind"
],
[
"circle",
"circle"
],
[
"curl",
"curl"
],
[
"spiral",
"spiral"
],
[
"eddy",
"eddy"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "wendan"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈwin.dɑn/"
}
],
"word": "windan"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "ætwindan"
},
{
"word": "bewindan"
},
{
"word": "ġewindan"
},
{
"word": "unwindan"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "wynden",
"id": "to wind",
"noalts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: wynden\nEnglish: wind\nScots: wind, wund, win, wun",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: wynden\nEnglish: wind\nScots: wind, wund, win, wun"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*windaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *windaną",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "winda"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian winda",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "wine"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian wine",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "windan"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon windan",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "winden"
},
"expansion": "Low German winden",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "winden"
},
"expansion": "Dutch winden",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "wintan"
},
"expansion": "Old High German wintan",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "winden"
},
"expansion": "German winden",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "vinda"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse vinda",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "vinde"
},
"expansion": "Danish vinde",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "vinda"
},
"expansion": "Swedish vinda",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "*𐍅𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌽"
},
"expansion": "Gothic *𐍅𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌽 (*windan)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *windaną. Cognate with Old Frisian winda (West Frisian wine), Old Saxon windan (Low German winden), Dutch winden, Old High German wintan (German winden), Old Norse vinda (Danish vinde, Swedish vinda), Gothic *𐍅𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌽 (*windan).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "3",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "windan",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "windenne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "winde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wand",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "winst",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wintst",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wunde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wint",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wand",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "windaþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "wundon",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "winde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wunde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "winden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "wunden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wind",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "windaþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "windende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "wunden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ġewunden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "windan",
"name": "ang-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "windan<s3>"
},
"name": "ang-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "wendan"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old English class 3 strong verbs",
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English lemmas",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Old English terms with quotations",
"Old English verbs",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "His path of exile not at all hold twisted gold,\nthe cold spirit, not at all earth's glory.",
"ref": "10th century, The Wanderer:",
"text": "Warað hine wræclāst, · nales wunden gold,\nferðloca frēoriġ, · nalæs foldan blǣd.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to twist, wind, circle, curl, spiral, eddy"
],
"links": [
[
"twist",
"twist"
],
[
"wind",
"wind"
],
[
"circle",
"circle"
],
[
"curl",
"curl"
],
[
"spiral",
"spiral"
],
[
"eddy",
"eddy"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈwin.dɑn/"
}
],
"word": "windan"
}
Download raw JSONL data for windan meaning in Old English (4.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.