See hierdan in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "forhierdan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "onhierdan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "āhierdan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "ġehierdan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "ġeondhierdan"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "herden",
"3": "harden"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: herden, harden",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "heardian"
},
"expansion": "Old English heardian",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "merged with descendant of Old English <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"ang\">heardian</i>"
},
"expansion": "(merged with descendant of Old English heardian)",
"name": "gl"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: herden, harden (merged with descendant of Old English heardian)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "hard",
"qq": "obsolete"
},
"expansion": "English: hard (obsolete)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: hard (obsolete)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*hardijan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *hardijan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hardijaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hardijaną",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *hardijan, from Proto-Germanic *hardijaną.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "1",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "hierdan",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "hierdenne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "hierde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hierde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hierdest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hierst",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hiertst",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hierdest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hierdeþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hiert",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hierde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hierdaþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "hierdon",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hierde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hierde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hierden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "hierden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hierd",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hierdaþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "hierdende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "hierded",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ġehierded",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "hierdan",
"name": "ang-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hierdan<w1>"
},
"name": "ang-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "heardian"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to make hard"
],
"id": "en-hierdan-ang-verb-2CWrozcQ",
"links": [
[
"make",
"make"
],
[
"hard",
"hard"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to make hard"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to make strong or tight"
],
"id": "en-hierdan-ang-verb-KlhDH0yq",
"links": [
[
"strong",
"strong"
],
[
"tight",
"tight"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to make strong or tight"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 3 93",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 4 92",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to make bold, embolden, or encourage"
],
"id": "en-hierdan-ang-verb-EnPZZi6l",
"links": [
[
"bold",
"bold"
],
[
"embolden",
"embolden"
],
[
"encourage",
"encourage"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to make bold, embolden, or encourage"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈxi͜yr.dɑn/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈhi͜yrˠ.dɑn]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "herdan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "hyrdan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "hirdan"
}
],
"word": "hierdan"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old English class 1 weak verbs",
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English lemmas",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Old English verbs",
"Pages with 1 entry"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "forhierdan"
},
{
"word": "onhierdan"
},
{
"word": "āhierdan"
},
{
"word": "ġehierdan"
},
{
"word": "ġeondhierdan"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "herden",
"3": "harden"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: herden, harden",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "heardian"
},
"expansion": "Old English heardian",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "merged with descendant of Old English <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"ang\">heardian</i>"
},
"expansion": "(merged with descendant of Old English heardian)",
"name": "gl"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: herden, harden (merged with descendant of Old English heardian)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "hard",
"qq": "obsolete"
},
"expansion": "English: hard (obsolete)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: hard (obsolete)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*hardijan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *hardijan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hardijaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hardijaną",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *hardijan, from Proto-Germanic *hardijaną.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "1",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "hierdan",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "hierdenne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "hierde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hierde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hierdest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hierst",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hiertst",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hierdest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hierdeþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hiert",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hierde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hierdaþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "hierdon",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hierde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hierde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hierden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "hierden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hierd",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hierdaþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "hierdende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "hierded",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ġehierded",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "hierdan",
"name": "ang-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hierdan<w1>"
},
"name": "ang-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "heardian"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to make hard"
],
"links": [
[
"make",
"make"
],
[
"hard",
"hard"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to make hard"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to make strong or tight"
],
"links": [
[
"strong",
"strong"
],
[
"tight",
"tight"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to make strong or tight"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to make bold, embolden, or encourage"
],
"links": [
[
"bold",
"bold"
],
[
"embolden",
"embolden"
],
[
"encourage",
"encourage"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to make bold, embolden, or encourage"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈxi͜yr.dɑn/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈhi͜yrˠ.dɑn]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "herdan"
},
{
"word": "hyrdan"
},
{
"word": "hirdan"
}
],
"word": "hierdan"
}
Download raw JSONL data for hierdan meaning in Old English (4.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-09-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-08-20 using wiktextract (8e41825 and f99c758). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.