See willen in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for willen meaning in Middle English (17.3kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "will"
},
"expansion": "English: will",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: will"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "will",
"3": "wil"
},
"expansion": "Scots: will, wil",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: will, wil"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yol",
"2": "woul",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Yola: woul, weel, wull, well, will, ill",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yola: woul, weel, wull, well, will, ill"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "willan",
"4": "willan, wyllan",
"t": "to want, intend, be willing"
},
"expansion": "Old English willan, wyllan (“to want, intend, be willing”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*willjan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *willjan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*wiljaną",
"4": "",
"5": "to want"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *wiljaną (“to want”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English willan, wyllan (“to want, intend, be willing”), from Proto-West Germanic *willjan, from Proto-Germanic *wiljaną (“to want”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "wille",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "willynge",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "wolde",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"participle",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "irregular",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "enm-conj-irr",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "willen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "to willen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "wille",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "wollen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "wolle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "wille",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wolle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wolde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wilt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wolt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "woldest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wolde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wille",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wolle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wolde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wille",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "wolde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "willen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "wille",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "wollen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "wolle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "wolden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wolde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "willynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "willende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "willen",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "wille",
"2": "willynge",
"3": "wolde"
},
"expansion": "willen (third-person singular simple present wille, present participle willynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle wolde)",
"name": "enm-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"type": "willen"
},
"name": "enm-conj-irr"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to want something, wish for something"
],
"id": "en-willen-enm-verb-enm:to_want",
"links": [
[
"want",
"want"
],
[
"wish",
"wish"
]
],
"senseid": [
"enm:to want"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to be willing, consent, agree"
],
"id": "en-willen-enm-verb-DxP6gioh",
"links": [
[
"willing",
"willing"
],
[
"consent",
"consent"
],
[
"agree",
"agree"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to intend to do something, plan something"
],
"id": "en-willen-enm-verb-3mvq2hec",
"links": [
[
"intend",
"intend"
],
[
"plan",
"plan"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to mean, signify something"
],
"id": "en-willen-enm-verb-fEno81o5",
"links": [
[
"mean",
"mean"
],
[
"signify",
"signify"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to direct, give directions"
],
"id": "en-willen-enm-verb-uzBNU2oK",
"links": [
[
"direct",
"direct"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to require, demand, dictate"
],
"id": "en-willen-enm-verb-xlatgtPK",
"links": [
[
"require",
"require"
],
[
"demand",
"demand"
],
[
"dictate",
"dictate"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to be pleased with, like"
],
"id": "en-willen-enm-verb-tIATShfR",
"links": [
[
"pleased",
"pleased"
],
[
"like",
"like"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0 1 3 3 0 0 6 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 3 4 0 0 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 2 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A modal verb with several meanings:",
"Expresses purpose, intent: will"
],
"id": "en-willen-enm-verb--aARy3Jv",
"links": [
[
"will",
"will"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(auxiliary) A modal verb with several meanings:",
"Expresses purpose, intent: will"
],
"tags": [
"auxiliary"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0 1 3 3 0 0 6 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 3 4 0 0 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 2 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A modal verb with several meanings:",
"Expresses willingness: will"
],
"id": "en-willen-enm-verb-ZJWimWZi",
"raw_glosses": [
"(auxiliary) A modal verb with several meanings:",
"Expresses willingness: will"
],
"tags": [
"auxiliary"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0 1 3 3 0 0 6 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 3 4 0 0 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 2 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A modal verb with several meanings:",
"Expresses certainty: will"
],
"id": "en-willen-enm-verb-T01Tzdl3",
"raw_glosses": [
"(auxiliary) A modal verb with several meanings:",
"Expresses certainty: will"
],
"tags": [
"auxiliary"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0 1 3 3 0 0 6 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 3 4 0 0 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 2 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A modal verb with several meanings:",
"Expresses habitual action: will"
],
"id": "en-willen-enm-verb-4-u20NLs",
"raw_glosses": [
"(auxiliary) A modal verb with several meanings:",
"Expresses habitual action: will"
],
"tags": [
"auxiliary"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0 1 3 3 0 0 6 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 3 4 0 0 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 2 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A modal verb with several meanings:",
"Expresses ability, capability: will, can"
],
"id": "en-willen-enm-verb-3-Fg0La9",
"links": [
[
"can",
"can"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(auxiliary) A modal verb with several meanings:",
"Expresses ability, capability: will, can"
],
"tags": [
"auxiliary"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0 1 3 3 0 0 6 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 3 4 0 0 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 2 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A modal verb with several meanings:",
"Expresses futurity: shall, will"
],
"id": "en-willen-enm-verb-YrzprJG5",
"links": [
[
"shall",
"shall"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(auxiliary) A modal verb with several meanings:",
"Expresses futurity: shall, will"
],
"tags": [
"auxiliary"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0 1 3 3 0 0 6 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 3 4 0 0 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 2 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A modal verb with several meanings:",
"Expresses expectation, conjecture: will"
],
"id": "en-willen-enm-verb-k5ZRg7KR",
"raw_glosses": [
"(auxiliary) A modal verb with several meanings:",
"Expresses expectation, conjecture: will"
],
"tags": [
"auxiliary"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0 1 3 3 0 0 6 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 3 4 0 0 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 2 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A modal verb with several meanings:",
"Expresses imminence, impendence: will, to be about to"
],
"id": "en-willen-enm-verb-~mvJ0xl7",
"links": [
[
"about to",
"about to"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(auxiliary) A modal verb with several meanings:",
"Expresses imminence, impendence: will, to be about to"
],
"tags": [
"auxiliary"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0 1 3 3 0 0 6 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 3 4 0 0 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 2 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A modal verb with several meanings:",
"Expresses a suggestion, proposal: let's"
],
"id": "en-willen-enm-verb-t2Dk5H5Z",
"links": [
[
"let's",
"let's"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(auxiliary) A modal verb with several meanings:",
"Expresses a suggestion, proposal: let's"
],
"tags": [
"auxiliary"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0 1 3 3 0 0 6 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 3 4 0 0 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 2 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A modal verb with several meanings:",
"Expressing a modest, polite wish: would like"
],
"id": "en-willen-enm-verb-fgatNnf5",
"links": [
[
"would like",
"would like"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(auxiliary) A modal verb with several meanings:",
"Expressing a modest, polite wish: would like"
],
"tags": [
"auxiliary"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0 1 3 3 0 0 6 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 3 4 0 0 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 2 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A modal verb with several meanings:",
"Expresses hypotheticals: might"
],
"id": "en-willen-enm-verb-AUatcPGj",
"links": [
[
"might",
"might"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(auxiliary) A modal verb with several meanings:",
"Expresses hypotheticals: might"
],
"tags": [
"auxiliary"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0 1 3 3 0 0 6 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 3 4 0 0 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 2 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A modal verb with several meanings:",
"Expresses possibility, probability: to be likely to, may"
],
"id": "en-willen-enm-verb-9Rq1Xclw",
"links": [
[
"likely",
"likely"
],
[
"may",
"may"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(auxiliary) A modal verb with several meanings:",
"Expresses possibility, probability: to be likely to, may"
],
"tags": [
"auxiliary"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "wil"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "wille"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "wilen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "welin"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "wole"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "wolle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "willian"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "early southwest Midlands",
"word": "wullen"
}
],
"word": "willen"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "non",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Faroese",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "villa",
"3": "",
"4": "to stray, err"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic villa (“to stray, err”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse; cognate with Faroese, Icelandic villa (“to stray, err”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "willeth",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "willende",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "willynge",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "willed",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"participle",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "willen",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"stem": "will"
},
"expansion": "willen (third-person singular simple present willeth, present participle willende, willynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle willed)",
"name": "enm-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to go astray, wander, roam"
],
"id": "en-willen-enm-verb-jWobo37c",
"links": [
[
"astray",
"astray"
],
[
"wander",
"wander"
],
[
"roam",
"roam"
]
]
}
],
"word": "willen"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "willen",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Forms linking to themselves",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "to want",
"word": "willen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"present indicative/subjunctive plural of willen (“to want”)"
],
"id": "en-willen-enm-verb-enm:_we__will",
"links": [
[
"willen",
"willen#Middle_English:_to_want"
]
],
"senseid": [
"enm:(we) will"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "wyll"
}
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
}
],
"word": "willen"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English defective verbs",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English non-lemma forms",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English verb forms",
"Middle English verbs",
"Old Dutch class 1 weak verbs",
"Old Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Dutch lemmas",
"Old Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old Dutch terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old Dutch terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old Dutch verbs"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "will"
},
"expansion": "English: will",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: will"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "will",
"3": "wil"
},
"expansion": "Scots: will, wil",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: will, wil"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yol",
"2": "woul",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Yola: woul, weel, wull, well, will, ill",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yola: woul, weel, wull, well, will, ill"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "willan",
"4": "willan, wyllan",
"t": "to want, intend, be willing"
},
"expansion": "Old English willan, wyllan (“to want, intend, be willing”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*willjan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *willjan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*wiljaną",
"4": "",
"5": "to want"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *wiljaną (“to want”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English willan, wyllan (“to want, intend, be willing”), from Proto-West Germanic *willjan, from Proto-Germanic *wiljaną (“to want”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "wille",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "willynge",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "wolde",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"participle",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "irregular",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "enm-conj-irr",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "willen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "to willen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "wille",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "wollen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "wolle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "wille",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wolle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wolde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wilt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wolt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "woldest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wolde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wille",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wolle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wolde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wille",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "wolde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "willen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "wille",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "wollen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "wolle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "wolden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wolde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "willynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "willende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "willen",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "wille",
"2": "willynge",
"3": "wolde"
},
"expansion": "willen (third-person singular simple present wille, present participle willynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle wolde)",
"name": "enm-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"type": "willen"
},
"name": "enm-conj-irr"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to want something, wish for something"
],
"links": [
[
"want",
"want"
],
[
"wish",
"wish"
]
],
"senseid": [
"enm:to want"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to be willing, consent, agree"
],
"links": [
[
"willing",
"willing"
],
[
"consent",
"consent"
],
[
"agree",
"agree"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to intend to do something, plan something"
],
"links": [
[
"intend",
"intend"
],
[
"plan",
"plan"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to mean, signify something"
],
"links": [
[
"mean",
"mean"
],
[
"signify",
"signify"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to direct, give directions"
],
"links": [
[
"direct",
"direct"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to require, demand, dictate"
],
"links": [
[
"require",
"require"
],
[
"demand",
"demand"
],
[
"dictate",
"dictate"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to be pleased with, like"
],
"links": [
[
"pleased",
"pleased"
],
[
"like",
"like"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English auxiliary verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"A modal verb with several meanings:",
"Expresses purpose, intent: will"
],
"links": [
[
"will",
"will"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(auxiliary) A modal verb with several meanings:",
"Expresses purpose, intent: will"
],
"tags": [
"auxiliary"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English auxiliary verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"A modal verb with several meanings:",
"Expresses willingness: will"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(auxiliary) A modal verb with several meanings:",
"Expresses willingness: will"
],
"tags": [
"auxiliary"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English auxiliary verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"A modal verb with several meanings:",
"Expresses certainty: will"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(auxiliary) A modal verb with several meanings:",
"Expresses certainty: will"
],
"tags": [
"auxiliary"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English auxiliary verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"A modal verb with several meanings:",
"Expresses habitual action: will"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(auxiliary) A modal verb with several meanings:",
"Expresses habitual action: will"
],
"tags": [
"auxiliary"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English auxiliary verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"A modal verb with several meanings:",
"Expresses ability, capability: will, can"
],
"links": [
[
"can",
"can"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(auxiliary) A modal verb with several meanings:",
"Expresses ability, capability: will, can"
],
"tags": [
"auxiliary"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English auxiliary verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"A modal verb with several meanings:",
"Expresses futurity: shall, will"
],
"links": [
[
"shall",
"shall"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(auxiliary) A modal verb with several meanings:",
"Expresses futurity: shall, will"
],
"tags": [
"auxiliary"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English auxiliary verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"A modal verb with several meanings:",
"Expresses expectation, conjecture: will"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(auxiliary) A modal verb with several meanings:",
"Expresses expectation, conjecture: will"
],
"tags": [
"auxiliary"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English auxiliary verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"A modal verb with several meanings:",
"Expresses imminence, impendence: will, to be about to"
],
"links": [
[
"about to",
"about to"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(auxiliary) A modal verb with several meanings:",
"Expresses imminence, impendence: will, to be about to"
],
"tags": [
"auxiliary"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English auxiliary verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"A modal verb with several meanings:",
"Expresses a suggestion, proposal: let's"
],
"links": [
[
"let's",
"let's"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(auxiliary) A modal verb with several meanings:",
"Expresses a suggestion, proposal: let's"
],
"tags": [
"auxiliary"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English auxiliary verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"A modal verb with several meanings:",
"Expressing a modest, polite wish: would like"
],
"links": [
[
"would like",
"would like"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(auxiliary) A modal verb with several meanings:",
"Expressing a modest, polite wish: would like"
],
"tags": [
"auxiliary"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English auxiliary verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"A modal verb with several meanings:",
"Expresses hypotheticals: might"
],
"links": [
[
"might",
"might"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(auxiliary) A modal verb with several meanings:",
"Expresses hypotheticals: might"
],
"tags": [
"auxiliary"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English auxiliary verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"A modal verb with several meanings:",
"Expresses possibility, probability: to be likely to, may"
],
"links": [
[
"likely",
"likely"
],
[
"may",
"may"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(auxiliary) A modal verb with several meanings:",
"Expresses possibility, probability: to be likely to, may"
],
"tags": [
"auxiliary"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "wil"
},
{
"word": "wille"
},
{
"word": "wilen"
},
{
"word": "welin"
},
{
"word": "wole"
},
{
"word": "wolle"
},
{
"word": "willian"
},
{
"english": "early southwest Midlands",
"word": "wullen"
}
],
"word": "willen"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English non-lemma forms",
"Middle English terms borrowed from Old Norse",
"Middle English terms derived from Old Norse",
"Middle English verb forms",
"Middle English verbs",
"Old Dutch class 1 weak verbs",
"Old Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Dutch lemmas",
"Old Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old Dutch terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old Dutch terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old Dutch verbs"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "non",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Faroese",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "villa",
"3": "",
"4": "to stray, err"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic villa (“to stray, err”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse; cognate with Faroese, Icelandic villa (“to stray, err”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "willeth",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "willende",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "willynge",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "willed",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"participle",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "willen",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"stem": "will"
},
"expansion": "willen (third-person singular simple present willeth, present participle willende, willynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle willed)",
"name": "enm-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to go astray, wander, roam"
],
"links": [
[
"astray",
"astray"
],
[
"wander",
"wander"
],
[
"roam",
"roam"
]
]
}
],
"word": "willen"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English non-lemma forms",
"Middle English verb forms",
"Old Dutch class 1 weak verbs",
"Old Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Dutch lemmas",
"Old Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old Dutch terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old Dutch terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old Dutch verbs"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "willen",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Forms linking to themselves",
"Middle English plural forms",
"Middle English plural subjunctive forms"
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "to want",
"word": "willen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"present indicative/subjunctive plural of willen (“to want”)"
],
"links": [
[
"willen",
"willen#Middle_English:_to_want"
]
],
"senseid": [
"enm:(we) will"
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "wyll"
}
],
"word": "willen"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-05 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.