See vale in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "valen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "avalen"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "vale"
},
"expansion": "English: vale",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: vale"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "vale"
},
"expansion": "Scots: vale",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: vale"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fro",
"3": "val"
},
"expansion": "Old French val",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "la",
"3": "vallis"
},
"expansion": "Latin vallis",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Old French val, from Latin vallis. Compare valey.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "vales",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "vale",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "vale (plural vales)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "33 4 12 16 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 14 24 13 14",
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Landforms",
"orig": "enm:Landforms",
"parents": [
"Earth",
"Places",
"Nature",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"valley (depression between hills)"
],
"id": "en-vale-enm-noun-k-Xn0CnF",
"links": [
[
"valley",
"valley"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"battlefield (place of battle)"
],
"id": "en-vale-enm-noun-7xyTLTS~",
"links": [
[
"battlefield",
"battlefield"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "33 4 12 16 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"(A place of) hardship."
],
"id": "en-vale-enm-noun-uHnIdOK3",
"links": [
[
"hardship",
"hardship"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) (A place of) hardship."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "33 4 12 16 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 4 16 43 15",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "War",
"orig": "enm:War",
"parents": [
"Conflict",
"Military",
"Violence",
"Human behaviour",
"Society",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An indentation or depression."
],
"id": "en-vale-enm-noun-7lJNMI1M",
"links": [
[
"indentation",
"indentation"
],
[
"depression",
"depression"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) An indentation or depression."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈvaːl(ə)/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "vaile"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "vayle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "wale"
}
],
"word": "vale"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "vale",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "valen"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "33 4 12 16 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of valen"
],
"id": "en-vale-enm-verb-BsA6bG7n",
"links": [
[
"valen",
"valen#Middle_English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "vale"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms borrowed from Old French",
"Middle English terms derived from Latin",
"Middle English terms derived from Old French",
"Middle English verbs",
"Pages with 18 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Landforms",
"enm:War"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "valen"
},
{
"word": "avalen"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "vale"
},
"expansion": "English: vale",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: vale"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "vale"
},
"expansion": "Scots: vale",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: vale"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fro",
"3": "val"
},
"expansion": "Old French val",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "la",
"3": "vallis"
},
"expansion": "Latin vallis",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Old French val, from Latin vallis. Compare valey.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "vales",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "vale",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "vale (plural vales)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"valley (depression between hills)"
],
"links": [
[
"valley",
"valley"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"battlefield (place of battle)"
],
"links": [
[
"battlefield",
"battlefield"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"(A place of) hardship."
],
"links": [
[
"hardship",
"hardship"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) (A place of) hardship."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"An indentation or depression."
],
"links": [
[
"indentation",
"indentation"
],
[
"depression",
"depression"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) An indentation or depression."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈvaːl(ə)/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "vaile"
},
{
"word": "vayle"
},
{
"word": "wale"
}
],
"word": "vale"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English verbs",
"Pages with 18 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Landforms",
"enm:War"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "vale",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "valen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of valen"
],
"links": [
[
"valen",
"valen#Middle_English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "vale"
}
Download raw JSONL data for vale meaning in Middle English (2.6kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (df33d17 and 4ed51a5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.