"comun" meaning in Middle English

See comun in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

IPA: /kɔˈmiu̯n/, /ˈkɔmun/, /ˈkɔmən/ (note: with reduction)
Etymology: Borrowed from Anglo-Norman comun, from Latin commūnis (“common, general”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱom-moy-ni-s (“held in common”), from Proto-Indo-European *mey- (“to exchange, change”). Compare mene (“common”) for an etymologically equivalent native formation. Etymology templates: {{bor+|enm|xno|comun}} Borrowed from Anglo-Norman comun, {{der|enm|la|commūnis|t=common, general}} Latin commūnis (“common, general”), {{der|enm|ine-pro||*ḱom-moy-ni-s|t=held in common}} Proto-Indo-European *ḱom-moy-ni-s (“held in common”), {{der|enm|ine-pro|*mey-||to exchange, change}} Proto-Indo-European *mey- (“to exchange, change”) Head templates: {{head|enm|adjective||{{{1}}}||{{{2}}}||{{{3}}}|head=}} comun, {{enm-adj}} comun Forms: comoun [alternative], commone [alternative], commun [alternative], commune [alternative], commuyn [alternative], comune [alternative], comyn [alternative], coumoun [alternative], comen [alternative, Late-Middle-English], common [alternative, Late-Middle-English], commyn [alternative, Late-Middle-English], comon [alternative, Late-Middle-English], comone [alternative, Late-Middle-English], comyne [alternative, Late-Middle-English], comynne [alternative, Late-Middle-English]
  1. Shared, common; belonging to all (in a group).
    Publicly or governmentally available, owned, or provided.
    Sense id: en-comun-enm-adj-wA6Q6w8l
  2. Shared, common; belonging to all (in a group).
    Widespread, universal, unequivocal.
    Sense id: en-comun-enm-adj-8HqO3wLY
  3. Shared, common; belonging to all (in a group).
    (rare) Joint, mutual; done by a group.
    Tags: rare
    Sense id: en-comun-enm-adj-4hzIR7Ll Categories (other): Middle English entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 7 entries, Pages with entries, Human behaviour Disambiguation of Middle English entries with incorrect language header: 6 4 15 10 8 8 9 17 11 11 0 2 Disambiguation of Pages with 7 entries: 7 3 17 9 9 9 9 11 11 12 0 1 1 0 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 7 2 19 11 8 8 8 10 12 12 0 1 1 0 Disambiguation of Human behaviour: 6 3 22 9 6 6 8 16 10 10 0 4
  4. Shared, common; belonging to all (in a group).
    (rare) Similar, resemblant.
    Tags: rare
    Sense id: en-comun-enm-adj-mTNmwmr4 Categories (other): Nobility, Sexuality Disambiguation of Nobility: 4 8 8 15 8 8 13 10 0 14 0 11 Disambiguation of Sexuality: 4 8 8 15 8 8 13 10 0 14 0 11
  5. Frequent, usual; occuring often:
    Widely disseminated or understood.
    Sense id: en-comun-enm-adj-NNJvTgnu
  6. Frequent, usual; occuring often:
    Humble, folk, lay; of the common people.
    Sense id: en-comun-enm-adj-CsINjC13 Categories (other): People Disambiguation of People: 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 0 0 0 0 0
  7. Frequent, usual; occuring often:
    (rare) Typical; occuring the most often.
    Tags: rare
    Sense id: en-comun-enm-adj-nLqfJy4V Categories (other): Nobility, Sexuality Disambiguation of Nobility: 4 8 8 15 8 8 13 10 0 14 0 11 Disambiguation of Sexuality: 4 8 8 15 8 8 13 10 0 14 0 11
  8. Frequent, usual; occuring often:
    (grammar, of nouns, rare) Common; not proper.
    Tags: rare
    Sense id: en-comun-enm-adj-QwD4slWL Categories (other): Grammar, Middle English entries with incorrect language header, Nobility, Sexuality Disambiguation of Middle English entries with incorrect language header: 6 4 15 10 8 8 9 17 11 11 0 2 Disambiguation of Nobility: 4 8 8 15 8 8 13 10 0 14 0 11 Disambiguation of Sexuality: 4 8 8 15 8 8 13 10 0 14 0 11 Topics: grammar, human-sciences, linguistics, sciences
  9. Immoral, base, disgusting:
    Infamous, reviled, despised.
    Sense id: en-comun-enm-adj-ru~jTgB8 Categories (other): Middle English entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Middle English entries with incorrect language header: 6 4 15 10 8 8 9 17 11 11 0 2
  10. Immoral, base, disgusting:
    Lewd, wanton, unchaste.
    Sense id: en-comun-enm-adj-nRdWU1cO Categories (other): Middle English entries with incorrect language header, Nobility, Sexuality Disambiguation of Middle English entries with incorrect language header: 6 4 15 10 8 8 9 17 11 11 0 2 Disambiguation of Nobility: 4 8 8 15 8 8 13 10 0 14 0 11 Disambiguation of Sexuality: 4 8 8 15 8 8 13 10 0 14 0 11
  11. (rare) Kind, benevolent. Tags: rare
    Sense id: en-comun-enm-adj-DPXM~HtG
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1 Categories (other): Government Disambiguation of Government: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Related terms: comun lawe, comun wele, comunal, comunalite, comunalte, comune, comunen, comuner, comunes, comunicacioun, comunioun, comunly, comunte

Noun

Head templates: {{head|enm|noun|altform=1}} comun
  1. alternative form of comune Tags: alt-of, alternative Alternative form of: comune
    Sense id: en-comun-enm-noun-pYY0OqYy Categories (other): Nobility, Sexuality Disambiguation of Nobility: 4 8 8 15 8 8 13 10 0 14 0 11 Disambiguation of Sexuality: 4 8 8 15 8 8 13 10 0 14 0 11
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2 Categories (other): Government Disambiguation of Government: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Alternative forms

{
  "categories": [
    {
      "_dis": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "kind": "other",
      "langcode": "enm",
      "name": "Government",
      "orig": "enm:Government",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w+disamb"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "common"
          },
          "expansion": "English: common",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: common"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-msc",
            "2": "commoun",
            "3": "common",
            "4": "commone"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Scots: commoun, common, commone",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Scots: commoun, common, commone"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "common"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: common",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scots: common"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "xno",
        "3": "comun"
      },
      "expansion": "Borrowed from Anglo-Norman comun",
      "name": "bor+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "commūnis",
        "t": "common, general"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin commūnis (“common, general”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*ḱom-moy-ni-s",
        "t": "held in common"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱom-moy-ni-s (“held in common”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*mey-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to exchange, change"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *mey- (“to exchange, change”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Anglo-Norman comun, from Latin commūnis (“common, general”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱom-moy-ni-s (“held in common”), from Proto-Indo-European *mey- (“to exchange, change”). Compare mene (“common”) for an etymologically equivalent native formation.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "comoun",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commone",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commun",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commune",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commuyn",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "comune",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "comyn",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "coumoun",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "comen",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "Late-Middle-English"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "common",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "Late-Middle-English"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commyn",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "Late-Middle-English"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "comon",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "Late-Middle-English"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "comone",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "Late-Middle-English"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "comyne",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "Late-Middle-English"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "comynne",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "Late-Middle-English"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "adjective",
        "3": "",
        "4": "{{{1}}}",
        "5": "",
        "6": "{{{2}}}",
        "7": "",
        "8": "{{{3}}}",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "comun",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "comun",
      "name": "enm-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "adj",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "comun lawe"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "comun wele"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "comunal"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "comunalite"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "comunalte"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "comune"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "comunen"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "comuner"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "comunes"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "comunicacioun"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "comunioun"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "comunly"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "comunte"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Shared, common; belonging to all (in a group).",
        "Publicly or governmentally available, owned, or provided."
      ],
      "id": "en-comun-enm-adj-wA6Q6w8l",
      "links": [
        [
          "Shared",
          "shared"
        ],
        [
          "common",
          "common"
        ],
        [
          "belonging",
          "belonging"
        ],
        [
          "all",
          "all"
        ],
        [
          "group",
          "group#English"
        ],
        [
          "Publicly",
          "publicly"
        ],
        [
          "governmentally",
          "governmentally"
        ],
        [
          "available",
          "available"
        ],
        [
          "owned",
          "owned"
        ],
        [
          "provided",
          "provided"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Shared, common; belonging to all (in a group).",
        "Widespread, universal, unequivocal."
      ],
      "id": "en-comun-enm-adj-8HqO3wLY",
      "links": [
        [
          "Shared",
          "shared"
        ],
        [
          "common",
          "common"
        ],
        [
          "belonging",
          "belonging"
        ],
        [
          "all",
          "all"
        ],
        [
          "group",
          "group#English"
        ],
        [
          "Widespread",
          "widespread"
        ],
        [
          "universal",
          "universal"
        ],
        [
          "unequivocal",
          "unequivocal"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "6 4 15 10 8 8 9 17 11 11 0 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 3 17 9 9 9 9 11 11 12 0 1 1 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 7 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 2 19 11 8 8 8 10 12 12 0 1 1 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "6 3 22 9 6 6 8 16 10 10 0 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Human behaviour",
          "orig": "enm:Human behaviour",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Shared, common; belonging to all (in a group).",
        "Joint, mutual; done by a group."
      ],
      "id": "en-comun-enm-adj-4hzIR7Ll",
      "links": [
        [
          "Shared",
          "shared"
        ],
        [
          "common",
          "common"
        ],
        [
          "belonging",
          "belonging"
        ],
        [
          "all",
          "all"
        ],
        [
          "group",
          "group#English"
        ],
        [
          "Joint",
          "joint"
        ],
        [
          "mutual",
          "mutual"
        ],
        [
          "group",
          "group"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "Shared, common; belonging to all (in a group).",
        "(rare) Joint, mutual; done by a group."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "rare"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "4 8 8 15 8 8 13 10 0 14 0 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Nobility",
          "orig": "enm:Nobility",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 8 8 15 8 8 13 10 0 14 0 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Sexuality",
          "orig": "enm:Sexuality",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Shared, common; belonging to all (in a group).",
        "Similar, resemblant."
      ],
      "id": "en-comun-enm-adj-mTNmwmr4",
      "links": [
        [
          "Shared",
          "shared"
        ],
        [
          "common",
          "common"
        ],
        [
          "belonging",
          "belonging"
        ],
        [
          "all",
          "all"
        ],
        [
          "group",
          "group#English"
        ],
        [
          "Similar",
          "similar"
        ],
        [
          "resemblant",
          "resemblant"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "Shared, common; belonging to all (in a group).",
        "(rare) Similar, resemblant."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "rare"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Frequent, usual; occuring often:",
        "Widely disseminated or understood."
      ],
      "id": "en-comun-enm-adj-NNJvTgnu",
      "links": [
        [
          "Frequent",
          "frequent"
        ],
        [
          "usual",
          "usual"
        ],
        [
          "occuring",
          "occuring"
        ],
        [
          "often",
          "often"
        ],
        [
          "Widely",
          "widely"
        ],
        [
          "disseminated",
          "disseminated"
        ],
        [
          "understood",
          "understood"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "0 0 0 0 0 100 0 0 0 0 0 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "People",
          "orig": "enm:People",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Frequent, usual; occuring often:",
        "Humble, folk, lay; of the common people."
      ],
      "id": "en-comun-enm-adj-CsINjC13",
      "links": [
        [
          "Frequent",
          "frequent"
        ],
        [
          "usual",
          "usual"
        ],
        [
          "occuring",
          "occuring"
        ],
        [
          "often",
          "often"
        ],
        [
          "Humble",
          "humble"
        ],
        [
          "folk",
          "folk"
        ],
        [
          "lay",
          "lay"
        ],
        [
          "common",
          "common"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "4 8 8 15 8 8 13 10 0 14 0 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Nobility",
          "orig": "enm:Nobility",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 8 8 15 8 8 13 10 0 14 0 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Sexuality",
          "orig": "enm:Sexuality",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Frequent, usual; occuring often:",
        "Typical; occuring the most often."
      ],
      "id": "en-comun-enm-adj-nLqfJy4V",
      "links": [
        [
          "Frequent",
          "frequent"
        ],
        [
          "usual",
          "usual"
        ],
        [
          "occuring",
          "occuring"
        ],
        [
          "often",
          "often"
        ],
        [
          "Typical",
          "typical"
        ],
        [
          "most",
          "most"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "Frequent, usual; occuring often:",
        "(rare) Typical; occuring the most often."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "rare"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Grammar",
          "orig": "enm:Grammar",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "6 4 15 10 8 8 9 17 11 11 0 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 8 8 15 8 8 13 10 0 14 0 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Nobility",
          "orig": "enm:Nobility",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 8 8 15 8 8 13 10 0 14 0 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Sexuality",
          "orig": "enm:Sexuality",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Frequent, usual; occuring often:",
        "Common; not proper."
      ],
      "id": "en-comun-enm-adj-QwD4slWL",
      "links": [
        [
          "Frequent",
          "frequent"
        ],
        [
          "usual",
          "usual"
        ],
        [
          "occuring",
          "occuring"
        ],
        [
          "often",
          "often"
        ],
        [
          "grammar",
          "grammar"
        ],
        [
          "Common",
          "common"
        ],
        [
          "proper",
          "proper"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "Frequent, usual; occuring often:",
        "(grammar, of nouns, rare) Common; not proper."
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of nouns"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "rare"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "grammar",
        "human-sciences",
        "linguistics",
        "sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "6 4 15 10 8 8 9 17 11 11 0 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Immoral, base, disgusting:",
        "Infamous, reviled, despised."
      ],
      "id": "en-comun-enm-adj-ru~jTgB8",
      "links": [
        [
          "Immoral",
          "immoral"
        ],
        [
          "base",
          "base"
        ],
        [
          "disgusting",
          "disgusting"
        ],
        [
          "Infamous",
          "infamous"
        ],
        [
          "revile",
          "revile"
        ],
        [
          "despise",
          "despise"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "6 4 15 10 8 8 9 17 11 11 0 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 8 8 15 8 8 13 10 0 14 0 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Nobility",
          "orig": "enm:Nobility",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 8 8 15 8 8 13 10 0 14 0 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Sexuality",
          "orig": "enm:Sexuality",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Immoral, base, disgusting:",
        "Lewd, wanton, unchaste."
      ],
      "id": "en-comun-enm-adj-nRdWU1cO",
      "links": [
        [
          "Immoral",
          "immoral"
        ],
        [
          "base",
          "base"
        ],
        [
          "disgusting",
          "disgusting"
        ],
        [
          "Lewd",
          "lewd"
        ],
        [
          "wanton",
          "wanton"
        ],
        [
          "unchaste",
          "unchaste"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "Kind, benevolent."
      ],
      "id": "en-comun-enm-adj-DPXM~HtG",
      "links": [
        [
          "Kind",
          "kind"
        ],
        [
          "benevolent",
          "benevolent"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(rare) Kind, benevolent."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "rare"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/kɔˈmiu̯n/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈkɔmun/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈkɔmən/",
      "note": "with reduction"
    }
  ],
  "word": "comun"
}

{
  "categories": [
    {
      "_dis": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "kind": "other",
      "langcode": "enm",
      "name": "Government",
      "orig": "enm:Government",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w+disamb"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "noun",
        "altform": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "comun",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "word": "comune"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "4 8 8 15 8 8 13 10 0 14 0 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Nobility",
          "orig": "enm:Nobility",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 8 8 15 8 8 13 10 0 14 0 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Sexuality",
          "orig": "enm:Sexuality",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "alternative form of comune"
      ],
      "id": "en-comun-enm-noun-pYY0OqYy",
      "links": [
        [
          "comune",
          "comune#Middle_English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "comun"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English adjectives",
    "Middle English alternative forms",
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English terms borrowed from Anglo-Norman",
    "Middle English terms derived from Anglo-Norman",
    "Middle English terms derived from Latin",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Pages with 7 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "enm:Government",
    "enm:Human behaviour",
    "enm:Nobility",
    "enm:People",
    "enm:Sexuality"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "common"
          },
          "expansion": "English: common",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: common"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-msc",
            "2": "commoun",
            "3": "common",
            "4": "commone"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Scots: commoun, common, commone",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Scots: commoun, common, commone"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "common"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: common",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scots: common"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "xno",
        "3": "comun"
      },
      "expansion": "Borrowed from Anglo-Norman comun",
      "name": "bor+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "commūnis",
        "t": "common, general"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin commūnis (“common, general”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*ḱom-moy-ni-s",
        "t": "held in common"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱom-moy-ni-s (“held in common”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*mey-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to exchange, change"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *mey- (“to exchange, change”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Anglo-Norman comun, from Latin commūnis (“common, general”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱom-moy-ni-s (“held in common”), from Proto-Indo-European *mey- (“to exchange, change”). Compare mene (“common”) for an etymologically equivalent native formation.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "comoun",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commone",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commun",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commune",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commuyn",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "comune",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "comyn",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "coumoun",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "comen",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "Late-Middle-English"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "common",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "Late-Middle-English"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "commyn",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "Late-Middle-English"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "comon",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "Late-Middle-English"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "comone",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "Late-Middle-English"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "comyne",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "Late-Middle-English"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "comynne",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "Late-Middle-English"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "adjective",
        "3": "",
        "4": "{{{1}}}",
        "5": "",
        "6": "{{{2}}}",
        "7": "",
        "8": "{{{3}}}",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "comun",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "comun",
      "name": "enm-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "adj",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "comun lawe"
    },
    {
      "word": "comun wele"
    },
    {
      "word": "comunal"
    },
    {
      "word": "comunalite"
    },
    {
      "word": "comunalte"
    },
    {
      "word": "comune"
    },
    {
      "word": "comunen"
    },
    {
      "word": "comuner"
    },
    {
      "word": "comunes"
    },
    {
      "word": "comunicacioun"
    },
    {
      "word": "comunioun"
    },
    {
      "word": "comunly"
    },
    {
      "word": "comunte"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Shared, common; belonging to all (in a group).",
        "Publicly or governmentally available, owned, or provided."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Shared",
          "shared"
        ],
        [
          "common",
          "common"
        ],
        [
          "belonging",
          "belonging"
        ],
        [
          "all",
          "all"
        ],
        [
          "group",
          "group#English"
        ],
        [
          "Publicly",
          "publicly"
        ],
        [
          "governmentally",
          "governmentally"
        ],
        [
          "available",
          "available"
        ],
        [
          "owned",
          "owned"
        ],
        [
          "provided",
          "provided"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Shared, common; belonging to all (in a group).",
        "Widespread, universal, unequivocal."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Shared",
          "shared"
        ],
        [
          "common",
          "common"
        ],
        [
          "belonging",
          "belonging"
        ],
        [
          "all",
          "all"
        ],
        [
          "group",
          "group#English"
        ],
        [
          "Widespread",
          "widespread"
        ],
        [
          "universal",
          "universal"
        ],
        [
          "unequivocal",
          "unequivocal"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Middle English terms with rare senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Shared, common; belonging to all (in a group).",
        "Joint, mutual; done by a group."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Shared",
          "shared"
        ],
        [
          "common",
          "common"
        ],
        [
          "belonging",
          "belonging"
        ],
        [
          "all",
          "all"
        ],
        [
          "group",
          "group#English"
        ],
        [
          "Joint",
          "joint"
        ],
        [
          "mutual",
          "mutual"
        ],
        [
          "group",
          "group"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "Shared, common; belonging to all (in a group).",
        "(rare) Joint, mutual; done by a group."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "rare"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Middle English terms with rare senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Shared, common; belonging to all (in a group).",
        "Similar, resemblant."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Shared",
          "shared"
        ],
        [
          "common",
          "common"
        ],
        [
          "belonging",
          "belonging"
        ],
        [
          "all",
          "all"
        ],
        [
          "group",
          "group#English"
        ],
        [
          "Similar",
          "similar"
        ],
        [
          "resemblant",
          "resemblant"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "Shared, common; belonging to all (in a group).",
        "(rare) Similar, resemblant."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "rare"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Frequent, usual; occuring often:",
        "Widely disseminated or understood."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Frequent",
          "frequent"
        ],
        [
          "usual",
          "usual"
        ],
        [
          "occuring",
          "occuring"
        ],
        [
          "often",
          "often"
        ],
        [
          "Widely",
          "widely"
        ],
        [
          "disseminated",
          "disseminated"
        ],
        [
          "understood",
          "understood"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Frequent, usual; occuring often:",
        "Humble, folk, lay; of the common people."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Frequent",
          "frequent"
        ],
        [
          "usual",
          "usual"
        ],
        [
          "occuring",
          "occuring"
        ],
        [
          "often",
          "often"
        ],
        [
          "Humble",
          "humble"
        ],
        [
          "folk",
          "folk"
        ],
        [
          "lay",
          "lay"
        ],
        [
          "common",
          "common"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Middle English terms with rare senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Frequent, usual; occuring often:",
        "Typical; occuring the most often."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Frequent",
          "frequent"
        ],
        [
          "usual",
          "usual"
        ],
        [
          "occuring",
          "occuring"
        ],
        [
          "often",
          "often"
        ],
        [
          "Typical",
          "typical"
        ],
        [
          "most",
          "most"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "Frequent, usual; occuring often:",
        "(rare) Typical; occuring the most often."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "rare"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Middle English terms with rare senses",
        "enm:Grammar"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Frequent, usual; occuring often:",
        "Common; not proper."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Frequent",
          "frequent"
        ],
        [
          "usual",
          "usual"
        ],
        [
          "occuring",
          "occuring"
        ],
        [
          "often",
          "often"
        ],
        [
          "grammar",
          "grammar"
        ],
        [
          "Common",
          "common"
        ],
        [
          "proper",
          "proper"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "Frequent, usual; occuring often:",
        "(grammar, of nouns, rare) Common; not proper."
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of nouns"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "rare"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "grammar",
        "human-sciences",
        "linguistics",
        "sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Immoral, base, disgusting:",
        "Infamous, reviled, despised."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Immoral",
          "immoral"
        ],
        [
          "base",
          "base"
        ],
        [
          "disgusting",
          "disgusting"
        ],
        [
          "Infamous",
          "infamous"
        ],
        [
          "revile",
          "revile"
        ],
        [
          "despise",
          "despise"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Immoral, base, disgusting:",
        "Lewd, wanton, unchaste."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Immoral",
          "immoral"
        ],
        [
          "base",
          "base"
        ],
        [
          "disgusting",
          "disgusting"
        ],
        [
          "Lewd",
          "lewd"
        ],
        [
          "wanton",
          "wanton"
        ],
        [
          "unchaste",
          "unchaste"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Middle English terms with rare senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Kind, benevolent."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Kind",
          "kind"
        ],
        [
          "benevolent",
          "benevolent"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(rare) Kind, benevolent."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "rare"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/kɔˈmiu̯n/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈkɔmun/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈkɔmən/",
      "note": "with reduction"
    }
  ],
  "word": "comun"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English alternative forms",
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Pages with 7 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "enm:Government",
    "enm:Human behaviour",
    "enm:Nobility",
    "enm:People",
    "enm:Sexuality"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "noun",
        "altform": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "comun",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "word": "comune"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "alternative form of comune"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "comune",
          "comune#Middle_English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "comun"
}

Download raw JSONL data for comun meaning in Middle English (7.8kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-08-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-08-02 using wiktextract (a681f8a and 3c020d2). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.