See turun in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{ "derived": [ { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0", "word": "turun darah" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0", "word": "turun haji" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0", "word": "turun harga" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0", "word": "turun ke sawah" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0", "word": "turun main" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0", "word": "turun makan" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0", "word": "turun mandi" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0", "word": "turun ke air" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0", "word": "turun minum" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0", "word": "turun minyak" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0", "word": "turun naik" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0", "word": "naik turun" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0", "word": "turun padang" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0", "word": "turun ranjang" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0", "word": "turun takhta" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0", "word": "turun dari takhta kerajaan" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0", "word": "turun dari kebesaran" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0", "word": "turun tangan" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0", "word": "turun tangga" } ], "etymology_number": 1, "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "ms", "2": "poz-pro", "3": "*tuRun", "t": "to descend, go down; to lower" }, "expansion": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tuRun (“to descend, go down; to lower”)", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "ban", "2": "tuun" }, "expansion": "Balinese tuun", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "tet", "2": "tun" }, "expansion": "Tetum tun", "name": "cog" } ], "etymology_text": "From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tuRun (“to descend, go down; to lower”). Compare Balinese tuun and Tetum tun.", "forms": [ { "form": "تورون", "tags": [ "Jawi" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "ms", "2": "verb", "3": "Jawi spelling", "4": "تورون" }, "expansion": "turun (Jawi spelling تورون)", "name": "head" } ], "hyphenation": [ "tu‧run" ], "lang": "Malay", "lang_code": "ms", "pos": "verb", "senses": [ { "antonyms": [ { "word": "naik" } ], "categories": [], "examples": [ { "english": "We will go down downstream in a bit.", "text": "Kami akan turun ke hilir kejap lagi.", "type": "example" }, { "english": "And then I went down to Australia.", "text": "Kemudian saya turun ke Australia.", "type": "example" } ], "glosses": [ "To go down, to descend.", "To go from a higher place to a lower place (in terms of geography)." ], "id": "en-turun-ms-verb-gnqXKct3", "links": [ [ "go down", "go down" ], [ "descend", "descend" ], [ "go", "go" ], [ "high", "high" ], [ "low", "low" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(intransitive) To go down, to descend.", "(intransitive) To go from a higher place to a lower place (in terms of geography)." ], "tags": [ "intransitive" ] }, { "antonyms": [ { "word": "naik" } ], "categories": [], "glosses": [ "To go down, to descend.", "To go from the countryside to the city." ], "id": "en-turun-ms-verb-7iOxEV4J", "links": [ [ "go down", "go down" ], [ "descend", "descend" ], [ "go", "go" ], [ "countryside", "countryside" ], [ "city", "city" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(intransitive) To go down, to descend.", "(intransitive) To go from the countryside to the city." ], "tags": [ "intransitive" ] }, { "antonyms": [ { "word": "naik" } ], "categories": [], "examples": [ { "english": "Interest rates will go down, trust me.", "text": "Kadar faedah akan turun, percayalah aku.", "type": "example" } ], "glosses": [ "To go down, to descend.", "To decrease." ], "id": "en-turun-ms-verb-NIcFdtKC", "links": [ [ "go down", "go down" ], [ "descend", "descend" ], [ "decrease", "decrease" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(intransitive) To go down, to descend.", "(intransitive) To decrease." ], "synonyms": [ { "word": "jatuh" }, { "word": "merosot" }, { "word": "susut" } ], "tags": [ "intransitive" ] }, { "categories": [], "examples": [ { "english": "The sea water subsides in the evening.", "text": "Air laut turun pada waktu petang.", "type": "example" } ], "glosses": [ "To subside (of water)." ], "id": "en-turun-ms-verb-6e1VRRrC", "links": [ [ "subside", "subside" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(intransitive) To subside (of water)." ], "synonyms": [ { "word": "surut" } ], "tags": [ "intransitive" ] }, { "categories": [], "glosses": [ "To set (of the sun, moon, etc.)." ], "id": "en-turun-ms-verb-A6GJA69x", "links": [ [ "set", "set" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(intransitive) To set (of the sun, moon, etc.)." ], "synonyms": [ { "word": "terbenam" }, { "word": "jatuh" } ], "tags": [ "intransitive" ] }, { "categories": [], "glosses": [ "To recede (of anger, lust, etc.)." ], "id": "en-turun-ms-verb-Wf9sxbVz", "links": [ [ "recede", "recede" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(figurative, intransitive) To recede (of anger, lust, etc.)." ], "synonyms": [ { "word": "reda" } ], "tags": [ "figuratively", "intransitive" ] }, { "categories": [], "examples": [ { "english": "I'm gonna get off at TRX station.", "text": "Aku nak turun kat stesen TRX ni.", "type": "example" }, { "english": "Passengers are asked to alight immediately from the train due to an emergency.", "text": "Para penumpang diminta turun segera dari tren akibat kecemasan.", "type": "example" } ], "glosses": [ "To get off, to alight (of a mode of transport)." ], "id": "en-turun-ms-verb-6JfHF181", "links": [ [ "get off", "get off" ], [ "alight", "alight" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(ambitransitive) To get off, to alight (of a mode of transport)." ], "tags": [ "ambitransitive" ] }, { "categories": [], "glosses": [ "To get on (of a ship)." ], "id": "en-turun-ms-verb-XF7kWdax", "links": [ [ "get on", "get on" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(ambitransitive) To get on (of a ship)." ], "synonyms": [ { "word": "naik" } ], "tags": [ "ambitransitive" ] }, { "categories": [], "glosses": [ "To go home." ], "id": "en-turun-ms-verb-f8g4IHXX", "links": [ [ "go home", "go home" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(intransitive) To go home." ], "synonyms": [ { "word": "balik" }, { "word": "pulang" } ], "tags": [ "intransitive" ] }, { "categories": [ { "_dis": "1 3 20 3 2 3 1 1 1 2 1 16 4 4 4 1 1 2 3 3 3 15 1 1 2 1", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 5 entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "1 2 20 3 1 3 1 1 1 1 1 16 3 3 3 1 1 1 2 3 3 22 1 1 2 1", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "14 14 14 1 1 2 4 7 5 28 1 2 4 1", "kind": "other", "name": "Malay entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "glosses": [ "To be inherited, to be passed down." ], "id": "en-turun-ms-verb-ywuALNbc", "links": [ [ "inherited", "inherited" ], [ "passed down", "pass down" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(intransitive) To be inherited, to be passed down." ], "tags": [ "intransitive" ] }, { "categories": [], "examples": [ { "english": "Snow falls during winter.", "text": "Salji turun semasa musim sejuk.", "type": "example" } ], "glosses": [ "To fall (of rain, snow, etc.)." ], "id": "en-turun-ms-verb-WuAvRoGQ", "links": [ [ "fall", "fall" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(intransitive) To fall (of rain, snow, etc.)." ], "tags": [ "intransitive" ] }, { "categories": [], "glosses": [ "To fade (lose colour or brightness)." ], "id": "en-turun-ms-verb-7Ve3Zffr", "links": [ [ "fade", "fade" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(intransitive) To fade (lose colour or brightness)." ], "synonyms": [ { "word": "pudar" }, { "word": "luntur" } ], "tags": [ "intransitive" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/turun/" }, { "ipa": "[tu.ron]", "note": "Johor-Riau" }, { "audio": "LL-Q9237 (msa)-GinormousBuildings-turun (JR).wav", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9a/LL-Q9237_%28msa%29-GinormousBuildings-turun_%28JR%29.wav/LL-Q9237_%28msa%29-GinormousBuildings-turun_%28JR%29.wav.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9a/LL-Q9237_%28msa%29-GinormousBuildings-turun_%28JR%29.wav/LL-Q9237_%28msa%29-GinormousBuildings-turun_%28JR%29.wav.ogg" }, { "ipa": "[tu.rʊn]", "note": "Baku, Northern Peninsular Malay" }, { "ipa": "[tu.ɣoŋ]", "note": "Kelantan-Pattani, Terengganu" }, { "rhymes": "-run" }, { "rhymes": "-un" } ], "word": "turun" } { "etymology_number": 2, "forms": [ { "form": "تورون", "tags": [ "Jawi" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "j": "تورون" }, "expansion": "turun (Jawi spelling تورون)", "name": "ms-verb" } ], "hyphenation": [ "tu‧run" ], "lang": "Malay", "lang_code": "ms", "pos": "verb", "senses": [ { "categories": [], "glosses": [ "To copy:", "To write down something again." ], "id": "en-turun-ms-verb-GRiN6S-p", "links": [ [ "copy", "copy" ], [ "write", "write" ], [ "down", "down" ], [ "again", "again" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(transitive) To copy:", "(transitive) To write down something again." ], "synonyms": [ { "word": "salin" }, { "word": "tiru" } ], "tags": [ "transitive" ] }, { "categories": [], "glosses": [ "To copy:", "To imitate." ], "id": "en-turun-ms-verb-TDRoBruU", "links": [ [ "copy", "copy" ], [ "imitate", "imitate" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(transitive) To copy:", "To imitate." ], "synonyms": [ { "word": "tiru" } ], "tags": [ "transitive" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/turun/" }, { "ipa": "[tu.ron]", "note": "Johor-Riau" }, { "audio": "LL-Q9237 (msa)-GinormousBuildings-turun (JR).wav", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9a/LL-Q9237_%28msa%29-GinormousBuildings-turun_%28JR%29.wav/LL-Q9237_%28msa%29-GinormousBuildings-turun_%28JR%29.wav.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9a/LL-Q9237_%28msa%29-GinormousBuildings-turun_%28JR%29.wav/LL-Q9237_%28msa%29-GinormousBuildings-turun_%28JR%29.wav.ogg" }, { "ipa": "[tu.rʊn]", "note": "Baku, Northern Peninsular Malay" }, { "ipa": "[tu.ɣoŋ]", "note": "Kelantan-Pattani, Terengganu" }, { "rhymes": "-run" }, { "rhymes": "-un" } ], "word": "turun" }
{ "categories": [ "Malay entries with incorrect language header", "Malay lemmas", "Malay terms derived from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian", "Malay terms inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian", "Malay verbs", "Pages with 5 entries", "Pages with entries", "Rhymes:Malay/run", "Rhymes:Malay/un", "Rhymes:Malay/un/2 syllables" ], "derived": [ { "word": "turun darah" }, { "word": "turun haji" }, { "word": "turun harga" }, { "word": "turun ke sawah" }, { "word": "turun main" }, { "word": "turun makan" }, { "word": "turun mandi" }, { "word": "turun ke air" }, { "word": "turun minum" }, { "word": "turun minyak" }, { "word": "turun naik" }, { "word": "naik turun" }, { "word": "turun padang" }, { "word": "turun ranjang" }, { "word": "turun takhta" }, { "word": "turun dari takhta kerajaan" }, { "word": "turun dari kebesaran" }, { "word": "turun tangan" }, { "word": "turun tangga" } ], "etymology_number": 1, "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "ms", "2": "poz-pro", "3": "*tuRun", "t": "to descend, go down; to lower" }, "expansion": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tuRun (“to descend, go down; to lower”)", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "ban", "2": "tuun" }, "expansion": "Balinese tuun", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "tet", "2": "tun" }, "expansion": "Tetum tun", "name": "cog" } ], "etymology_text": "From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tuRun (“to descend, go down; to lower”). Compare Balinese tuun and Tetum tun.", "forms": [ { "form": "تورون", "tags": [ "Jawi" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "ms", "2": "verb", "3": "Jawi spelling", "4": "تورون" }, "expansion": "turun (Jawi spelling تورون)", "name": "head" } ], "hyphenation": [ "tu‧run" ], "lang": "Malay", "lang_code": "ms", "pos": "verb", "senses": [ { "antonyms": [ { "word": "naik" } ], "categories": [ "Malay intransitive verbs", "Malay terms with usage examples" ], "examples": [ { "english": "We will go down downstream in a bit.", "text": "Kami akan turun ke hilir kejap lagi.", "type": "example" }, { "english": "And then I went down to Australia.", "text": "Kemudian saya turun ke Australia.", "type": "example" } ], "glosses": [ "To go down, to descend.", "To go from a higher place to a lower place (in terms of geography)." ], "links": [ [ "go down", "go down" ], [ "descend", "descend" ], [ "go", "go" ], [ "high", "high" ], [ "low", "low" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(intransitive) To go down, to descend.", "(intransitive) To go from a higher place to a lower place (in terms of geography)." ], "tags": [ "intransitive" ] }, { "antonyms": [ { "word": "naik" } ], "categories": [ "Malay intransitive verbs" ], "glosses": [ "To go down, to descend.", "To go from the countryside to the city." ], "links": [ [ "go down", "go down" ], [ "descend", "descend" ], [ "go", "go" ], [ "countryside", "countryside" ], [ "city", "city" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(intransitive) To go down, to descend.", "(intransitive) To go from the countryside to the city." ], "tags": [ "intransitive" ] }, { "antonyms": [ { "word": "naik" } ], "categories": [ "Malay intransitive verbs", "Malay terms with usage examples" ], "examples": [ { "english": "Interest rates will go down, trust me.", "text": "Kadar faedah akan turun, percayalah aku.", "type": "example" } ], "glosses": [ "To go down, to descend.", "To decrease." ], "links": [ [ "go down", "go down" ], [ "descend", "descend" ], [ "decrease", "decrease" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(intransitive) To go down, to descend.", "(intransitive) To decrease." ], "synonyms": [ { "word": "jatuh" }, { "word": "merosot" }, { "word": "susut" } ], "tags": [ "intransitive" ] }, { "categories": [ "Malay intransitive verbs", "Malay terms with usage examples" ], "examples": [ { "english": "The sea water subsides in the evening.", "text": "Air laut turun pada waktu petang.", "type": "example" } ], "glosses": [ "To subside (of water)." ], "links": [ [ "subside", "subside" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(intransitive) To subside (of water)." ], "synonyms": [ { "word": "surut" } ], "tags": [ "intransitive" ] }, { "categories": [ "Malay intransitive verbs" ], "glosses": [ "To set (of the sun, moon, etc.)." ], "links": [ [ "set", "set" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(intransitive) To set (of the sun, moon, etc.)." ], "synonyms": [ { "word": "terbenam" }, { "word": "jatuh" } ], "tags": [ "intransitive" ] }, { "categories": [ "Malay intransitive verbs" ], "glosses": [ "To recede (of anger, lust, etc.)." ], "links": [ [ "recede", "recede" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(figurative, intransitive) To recede (of anger, lust, etc.)." ], "synonyms": [ { "word": "reda" } ], "tags": [ "figuratively", "intransitive" ] }, { "categories": [ "Malay intransitive verbs", "Malay terms with usage examples", "Malay transitive verbs" ], "examples": [ { "english": "I'm gonna get off at TRX station.", "text": "Aku nak turun kat stesen TRX ni.", "type": "example" }, { "english": "Passengers are asked to alight immediately from the train due to an emergency.", "text": "Para penumpang diminta turun segera dari tren akibat kecemasan.", "type": "example" } ], "glosses": [ "To get off, to alight (of a mode of transport)." ], "links": [ [ "get off", "get off" ], [ "alight", "alight" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(ambitransitive) To get off, to alight (of a mode of transport)." ], "tags": [ "ambitransitive" ] }, { "categories": [ "Malay intransitive verbs", "Malay transitive verbs" ], "glosses": [ "To get on (of a ship)." ], "links": [ [ "get on", "get on" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(ambitransitive) To get on (of a ship)." ], "synonyms": [ { "word": "naik" } ], "tags": [ "ambitransitive" ] }, { "categories": [ "Malay intransitive verbs" ], "glosses": [ "To go home." ], "links": [ [ "go home", "go home" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(intransitive) To go home." ], "synonyms": [ { "word": "balik" }, { "word": "pulang" } ], "tags": [ "intransitive" ] }, { "categories": [ "Malay intransitive verbs" ], "glosses": [ "To be inherited, to be passed down." ], "links": [ [ "inherited", "inherited" ], [ "passed down", "pass down" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(intransitive) To be inherited, to be passed down." ], "tags": [ "intransitive" ] }, { "categories": [ "Malay intransitive verbs", "Malay terms with usage examples" ], "examples": [ { "english": "Snow falls during winter.", "text": "Salji turun semasa musim sejuk.", "type": "example" } ], "glosses": [ "To fall (of rain, snow, etc.)." ], "links": [ [ "fall", "fall" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(intransitive) To fall (of rain, snow, etc.)." ], "tags": [ "intransitive" ] }, { "categories": [ "Malay intransitive verbs" ], "glosses": [ "To fade (lose colour or brightness)." ], "links": [ [ "fade", "fade" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(intransitive) To fade (lose colour or brightness)." ], "synonyms": [ { "word": "pudar" }, { "word": "luntur" } ], "tags": [ "intransitive" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/turun/" }, { "ipa": "[tu.ron]", "note": "Johor-Riau" }, { "audio": "LL-Q9237 (msa)-GinormousBuildings-turun (JR).wav", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9a/LL-Q9237_%28msa%29-GinormousBuildings-turun_%28JR%29.wav/LL-Q9237_%28msa%29-GinormousBuildings-turun_%28JR%29.wav.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9a/LL-Q9237_%28msa%29-GinormousBuildings-turun_%28JR%29.wav/LL-Q9237_%28msa%29-GinormousBuildings-turun_%28JR%29.wav.ogg" }, { "ipa": "[tu.rʊn]", "note": "Baku, Northern Peninsular Malay" }, { "ipa": "[tu.ɣoŋ]", "note": "Kelantan-Pattani, Terengganu" }, { "rhymes": "-run" }, { "rhymes": "-un" } ], "word": "turun" } { "categories": [ "Malay entries with incorrect language header", "Malay lemmas", "Malay verbs", "Pages with 5 entries", "Pages with entries", "Rhymes:Malay/run", "Rhymes:Malay/un", "Rhymes:Malay/un/2 syllables" ], "etymology_number": 2, "forms": [ { "form": "تورون", "tags": [ "Jawi" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "j": "تورون" }, "expansion": "turun (Jawi spelling تورون)", "name": "ms-verb" } ], "hyphenation": [ "tu‧run" ], "lang": "Malay", "lang_code": "ms", "pos": "verb", "senses": [ { "categories": [ "Malay transitive verbs" ], "glosses": [ "To copy:", "To write down something again." ], "links": [ [ "copy", "copy" ], [ "write", "write" ], [ "down", "down" ], [ "again", "again" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(transitive) To copy:", "(transitive) To write down something again." ], "synonyms": [ { "word": "salin" }, { "word": "tiru" } ], "tags": [ "transitive" ] }, { "categories": [ "Malay transitive verbs" ], "glosses": [ "To copy:", "To imitate." ], "links": [ [ "copy", "copy" ], [ "imitate", "imitate" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(transitive) To copy:", "To imitate." ], "synonyms": [ { "word": "tiru" } ], "tags": [ "transitive" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/turun/" }, { "ipa": "[tu.ron]", "note": "Johor-Riau" }, { "audio": "LL-Q9237 (msa)-GinormousBuildings-turun (JR).wav", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9a/LL-Q9237_%28msa%29-GinormousBuildings-turun_%28JR%29.wav/LL-Q9237_%28msa%29-GinormousBuildings-turun_%28JR%29.wav.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9a/LL-Q9237_%28msa%29-GinormousBuildings-turun_%28JR%29.wav/LL-Q9237_%28msa%29-GinormousBuildings-turun_%28JR%29.wav.ogg" }, { "ipa": "[tu.rʊn]", "note": "Baku, Northern Peninsular Malay" }, { "ipa": "[tu.ɣoŋ]", "note": "Kelantan-Pattani, Terengganu" }, { "rhymes": "-run" }, { "rhymes": "-un" } ], "word": "turun" }
Download raw JSONL data for turun meaning in Malay (8.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Malay dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-18 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-02 using wiktextract (f2d86ce and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.