"stulbs" meaning in Latvian

See stulbs in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

IPA: [stùlps]
Etymology: From Proto-Baltic *stulb-, a variant of *stilb- (whence also Latvian stilbs (“shin, shank”), from Proto-Indo-European *stl̥b-, an ablaut variant of *stelb- (“post, pole, jamb”) (whence also stilbs, q.v.), from *stel- (“to put in a standing position, to erect; standing, immobile, stiff”) with an extra b. The semantic evolution was probably: “motionless, stiff” > “surprised, stunned” > “stupid”. Cognates include Lithuanian stul̃bis (“stupid person; old, bad horse”), stul̃bti, stùlbti (“to be stunned, dumbfounded; to become stiff with surprise or fear”), Proto-Slavic *stъlbъ (stŭlbŭ) (Russian столб (stolb, “post”)), Middle Low German stulpen (“to overthrow, to overturn, to topple”), German stolpern (“to stumble, to trip up”). Etymology templates: {{uder|lv|bat-pro|*stulb-}} Proto-Baltic *stulb-, {{m|ine-bsl-pro|*stilb-}} *stilb-, {{cog|lv|stilbs||shin, shank}} Latvian stilbs (“shin, shank”), {{inh|lv|ine-pro|*stl̥b-}} Proto-Indo-European *stl̥b-, {{glossary|ablaut}} ablaut, {{m|ine-pro|*stelb-||post, pole, jamb}} *stelb- (“post, pole, jamb”), {{m|lv|stilbs}} stilbs, {{m|ine-pro|*stel-||to put in a standing position, to erect; standing, immobile, stiff}} *stel- (“to put in a standing position, to erect; standing, immobile, stiff”), {{cog|lt|stulbis|stul̃bis|stupid person; old, bad horse}} Lithuanian stul̃bis (“stupid person; old, bad horse”), {{m|lt|stulbti|stul̃bti}} stul̃bti, {{m|lt|stùlbti||to be stunned, dumbfounded; to become stiff with surprise or fear}} stùlbti (“to be stunned, dumbfounded; to become stiff with surprise or fear”), {{cog|sla-pro|*stъlbъ|tr=stŭlbŭ}} Proto-Slavic *stъlbъ (stŭlbŭ), {{cog|ru|столб||post}} Russian столб (stolb, “post”), {{cog|gml|stulpen||to overthrow, to overturn, to topple}} Middle Low German stulpen (“to overthrow, to overturn, to topple”), {{cog|de|stolpern||to stumble, to trip up}} German stolpern (“to stumble, to trip up”) Head templates: {{head|lv|adjective|||definite|stulbais|comparative|stulbāks|superlative|visstulbākais|adverb|stulbi|cat2=|cat3=}} stulbs (definite stulbais, comparative stulbāks, superlative visstulbākais, adverb stulbi), {{lv-adj|stulb}} stulbs (definite stulbais, comparative stulbāks, superlative visstulbākais, adverb stulbi) Inflection templates: {{lv-decl-adj|stulb|extrawidth=-100}} Forms: stulbais [definite], stulbāks [comparative], visstulbākais [superlative], stulbi [adverb], no-table-tags [table-tags], stulbs [indefinite, masculine, nominative, singular], stulbi [indefinite, masculine, nominative, plural], stulba [feminine, indefinite, nominative, singular], stulbas [feminine, indefinite, nominative, plural], stulbu [accusative, indefinite, masculine, singular], stulbus [accusative, indefinite, masculine, plural], stulbu [accusative, feminine, indefinite, singular], stulbas [accusative, feminine, indefinite, plural], stulba [genitive, indefinite, masculine, singular], stulbu [genitive, indefinite, masculine, plural], stulbas [feminine, genitive, indefinite, singular], stulbu [feminine, genitive, indefinite, plural], stulbam [dative, indefinite, masculine, singular], stulbiem [dative, indefinite, masculine, plural], stulbai [dative, feminine, indefinite, singular], stulbām [dative, feminine, indefinite, plural], stulbu [indefinite, instrumental, masculine, singular], stulbiem [indefinite, instrumental, masculine, plural], stulbu [feminine, indefinite, instrumental, singular], stulbām [feminine, indefinite, instrumental, plural], stulbā [indefinite, locative, masculine, singular], stulbos [indefinite, locative, masculine, plural], stulbā [feminine, indefinite, locative, singular], stulbās [feminine, indefinite, locative, plural], - [indefinite, masculine, singular, vocative], - [indefinite, masculine, plural, vocative], - [feminine, indefinite, singular, vocative], - [feminine, indefinite, plural, vocative]
  1. stupid, dumb (mentally challenged, not able to comprehend, to understand; also, foolish)
    Sense id: en-stulbs-lv-adj-ql~jX-gV Categories (other): Latvian entries with incorrect language header, Latvian etymologies from LEV, Latvian undefined derivations, Latvian words with falling intonation Disambiguation of Latvian entries with incorrect language header: 59 32 8 Disambiguation of Latvian etymologies from LEV: 67 23 10 Disambiguation of Latvian undefined derivations: 63 26 11 Disambiguation of Latvian words with falling intonation: 57 14 30
  2. stupid, dumb (expressing such qualities)
    Sense id: en-stulbs-lv-adj-2hgQq1ti
  3. (of actions, states) stupid (very undesirable, unwanted, inconvenient)
    Sense id: en-stulbs-lv-adj-g6W9ZMyR Topics: location, region, states
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: bezjēdzīgs, dumjš, idiotisks, muļķīgs, neprātīgs Derived forms: stulbenis, stulbene, stulbība, stulbums

Inflected forms

Download JSON data for stulbs meaning in Latvian (10.2kB)

{
  "antonyms": [
    {
      "word": "gudrs"
    }
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "stulbenis"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "stulbene"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "stulbība"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "stulbums"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "bat-pro",
        "3": "*stulb-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Baltic *stulb-",
      "name": "uder"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-bsl-pro",
        "2": "*stilb-"
      },
      "expansion": "*stilb-",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "stilbs",
        "3": "",
        "4": "shin, shank"
      },
      "expansion": "Latvian stilbs (“shin, shank”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*stl̥b-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *stl̥b-",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ablaut"
      },
      "expansion": "ablaut",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*stelb-",
        "3": "",
        "4": "post, pole, jamb"
      },
      "expansion": "*stelb- (“post, pole, jamb”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "stilbs"
      },
      "expansion": "stilbs",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*stel-",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to put in a standing position, to erect; standing, immobile, stiff"
      },
      "expansion": "*stel- (“to put in a standing position, to erect; standing, immobile, stiff”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "stulbis",
        "3": "stul̃bis",
        "4": "stupid person; old, bad horse"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian stul̃bis (“stupid person; old, bad horse”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "stulbti",
        "3": "stul̃bti"
      },
      "expansion": "stul̃bti",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "stùlbti",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to be stunned, dumbfounded; to become stiff with surprise or fear"
      },
      "expansion": "stùlbti (“to be stunned, dumbfounded; to become stiff with surprise or fear”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "*stъlbъ",
        "tr": "stŭlbŭ"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *stъlbъ (stŭlbŭ)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "столб",
        "3": "",
        "4": "post"
      },
      "expansion": "Russian столб (stolb, “post”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gml",
        "2": "stulpen",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to overthrow, to overturn, to topple"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Low German stulpen (“to overthrow, to overturn, to topple”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "stolpern",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to stumble, to trip up"
      },
      "expansion": "German stolpern (“to stumble, to trip up”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Baltic *stulb-, a variant of *stilb- (whence also Latvian stilbs (“shin, shank”), from Proto-Indo-European *stl̥b-, an ablaut variant of *stelb- (“post, pole, jamb”) (whence also stilbs, q.v.), from *stel- (“to put in a standing position, to erect; standing, immobile, stiff”) with an extra b. The semantic evolution was probably: “motionless, stiff” > “surprised, stunned” > “stupid”. Cognates include Lithuanian stul̃bis (“stupid person; old, bad horse”), stul̃bti, stùlbti (“to be stunned, dumbfounded; to become stiff with surprise or fear”), Proto-Slavic *stъlbъ (stŭlbŭ) (Russian столб (stolb, “post”)), Middle Low German stulpen (“to overthrow, to overturn, to topple”), German stolpern (“to stumble, to trip up”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "stulbais",
      "tags": [
        "definite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stulbāks",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "visstulbākais",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stulbi",
      "tags": [
        "adverb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lv-decl-adj",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stulbs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stulbi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stulba",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stulbas",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stulbu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stulbus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stulbu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stulbas",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stulba",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stulbu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stulbas",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stulbu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stulbam",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stulbiem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stulbai",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stulbām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stulbu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stulbiem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stulbu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stulbām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stulbā",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "locative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stulbos",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "locative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stulbā",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stulbās",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "10": "visstulbākais",
        "11": "adverb",
        "12": "stulbi",
        "2": "adjective",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "definite",
        "6": "stulbais",
        "7": "comparative",
        "8": "stulbāks",
        "9": "superlative",
        "cat2": "",
        "cat3": ""
      },
      "expansion": "stulbs (definite stulbais, comparative stulbāks, superlative visstulbākais, adverb stulbi)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "stulb"
      },
      "expansion": "stulbs (definite stulbais, comparative stulbāks, superlative visstulbākais, adverb stulbi)",
      "name": "lv-adj"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "stulb",
        "extrawidth": "-100"
      },
      "name": "lv-decl-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latvian",
  "lang_code": "lv",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "59 32 8",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "67 23 10",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latvian etymologies from LEV",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "63 26 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latvian undefined derivations",
          "parents": [
            "Undefined derivations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "57 14 30",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latvian words with falling intonation",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "stupid as a boot (i.e., very stupid)",
          "text": "stulbs kā zābaks",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "Valentīna ir līdz smieklīgumam stulba; viņas nejēdzīgās atbildes stundās izsauc klasē smieklu šaltis ― Valentīna is ridiculously stupid; her absurd answers caused bursts of laughter in the classroom",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "I am not so stupid as not to understand that I am being thrown out in a very, very polite way",
          "text": "es neesmu tik stulbs, lai nesaprastu, ka mani ļoti ļoti pieklājīgā veidā izraida",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "stupid, dumb (mentally challenged, not able to comprehend, to understand; also, foolish)"
      ],
      "id": "en-stulbs-lv-adj-ql~jX-gV",
      "links": [
        [
          "stupid",
          "stupid"
        ],
        [
          "dumb",
          "dumb"
        ],
        [
          "mentally",
          "mentally#English"
        ],
        [
          "challenge",
          "challenge#English"
        ],
        [
          "able",
          "able#English"
        ],
        [
          "comprehend",
          "comprehend#English"
        ],
        [
          "understand",
          "understand#English"
        ],
        [
          "foolish",
          "foolish#English"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "stupid look, stare",
          "text": "stulbs skatiens",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "stupid action, behavior",
          "text": "stulba rīcība",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "stupid whims",
          "text": "stulbas kaprīzes",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "I've received (some) of everything, even (some) of the people's stupid hate",
          "text": "es no visa esmu ieguvis, pat no ļaunu ļaužu stulbā naida",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "stupid, dumb (expressing such qualities)"
      ],
      "id": "en-stulbs-lv-adj-2hgQq1ti",
      "links": [
        [
          "stupid",
          "stupid"
        ],
        [
          "dumb",
          "dumb"
        ],
        [
          "express",
          "express#English"
        ],
        [
          "qualities",
          "quality#English"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "tomorrow is that stupid meeting",
          "text": "rīt ir tā stulbā sapulce",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "“I have such a stupid name,” he confessed; “I am... Krists... I am not responsible for that (name)!”",
          "text": "“man tāds stulbs vārds,” viņš atzinās; “mani sauc... Krists... es pats tur neesmu vainīgs!”",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "stupid (very undesirable, unwanted, inconvenient)"
      ],
      "id": "en-stulbs-lv-adj-g6W9ZMyR",
      "links": [
        [
          "action",
          "action"
        ],
        [
          "state",
          "state"
        ],
        [
          "stupid",
          "stupid"
        ],
        [
          "undesirable",
          "undesirable"
        ],
        [
          "unwanted",
          "unwanted"
        ],
        [
          "inconvenient",
          "inconvenient"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(of actions, states) stupid (very undesirable, unwanted, inconvenient)"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of actions"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "location",
        "region",
        "states"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[stùlps]"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "bezjēdzīgs"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "dumjš"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "idiotisks"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "muļķīgs"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "neprātīgs"
    }
  ],
  "word": "stulbs"
}
{
  "antonyms": [
    {
      "word": "gudrs"
    }
  ],
  "categories": [
    "Latvian adjectives",
    "Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Latvian etymologies from LEV",
    "Latvian lemmas",
    "Latvian terms derived from Proto-Baltic",
    "Latvian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Latvian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Latvian terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Latvian undefined derivations",
    "Latvian words with falling intonation"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "stulbenis"
    },
    {
      "word": "stulbene"
    },
    {
      "word": "stulbība"
    },
    {
      "word": "stulbums"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "bat-pro",
        "3": "*stulb-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Baltic *stulb-",
      "name": "uder"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-bsl-pro",
        "2": "*stilb-"
      },
      "expansion": "*stilb-",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "stilbs",
        "3": "",
        "4": "shin, shank"
      },
      "expansion": "Latvian stilbs (“shin, shank”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*stl̥b-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *stl̥b-",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ablaut"
      },
      "expansion": "ablaut",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*stelb-",
        "3": "",
        "4": "post, pole, jamb"
      },
      "expansion": "*stelb- (“post, pole, jamb”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "stilbs"
      },
      "expansion": "stilbs",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*stel-",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to put in a standing position, to erect; standing, immobile, stiff"
      },
      "expansion": "*stel- (“to put in a standing position, to erect; standing, immobile, stiff”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "stulbis",
        "3": "stul̃bis",
        "4": "stupid person; old, bad horse"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian stul̃bis (“stupid person; old, bad horse”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "stulbti",
        "3": "stul̃bti"
      },
      "expansion": "stul̃bti",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "stùlbti",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to be stunned, dumbfounded; to become stiff with surprise or fear"
      },
      "expansion": "stùlbti (“to be stunned, dumbfounded; to become stiff with surprise or fear”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "*stъlbъ",
        "tr": "stŭlbŭ"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *stъlbъ (stŭlbŭ)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "столб",
        "3": "",
        "4": "post"
      },
      "expansion": "Russian столб (stolb, “post”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gml",
        "2": "stulpen",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to overthrow, to overturn, to topple"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Low German stulpen (“to overthrow, to overturn, to topple”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "stolpern",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to stumble, to trip up"
      },
      "expansion": "German stolpern (“to stumble, to trip up”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Baltic *stulb-, a variant of *stilb- (whence also Latvian stilbs (“shin, shank”), from Proto-Indo-European *stl̥b-, an ablaut variant of *stelb- (“post, pole, jamb”) (whence also stilbs, q.v.), from *stel- (“to put in a standing position, to erect; standing, immobile, stiff”) with an extra b. The semantic evolution was probably: “motionless, stiff” > “surprised, stunned” > “stupid”. Cognates include Lithuanian stul̃bis (“stupid person; old, bad horse”), stul̃bti, stùlbti (“to be stunned, dumbfounded; to become stiff with surprise or fear”), Proto-Slavic *stъlbъ (stŭlbŭ) (Russian столб (stolb, “post”)), Middle Low German stulpen (“to overthrow, to overturn, to topple”), German stolpern (“to stumble, to trip up”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "stulbais",
      "tags": [
        "definite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stulbāks",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "visstulbākais",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stulbi",
      "tags": [
        "adverb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lv-decl-adj",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stulbs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stulbi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stulba",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stulbas",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stulbu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stulbus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stulbu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stulbas",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stulba",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stulbu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stulbas",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stulbu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stulbam",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stulbiem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stulbai",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stulbām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stulbu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stulbiem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stulbu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stulbām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stulbā",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "locative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stulbos",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "locative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stulbā",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stulbās",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "10": "visstulbākais",
        "11": "adverb",
        "12": "stulbi",
        "2": "adjective",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "definite",
        "6": "stulbais",
        "7": "comparative",
        "8": "stulbāks",
        "9": "superlative",
        "cat2": "",
        "cat3": ""
      },
      "expansion": "stulbs (definite stulbais, comparative stulbāks, superlative visstulbākais, adverb stulbi)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "stulb"
      },
      "expansion": "stulbs (definite stulbais, comparative stulbāks, superlative visstulbākais, adverb stulbi)",
      "name": "lv-adj"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "stulb",
        "extrawidth": "-100"
      },
      "name": "lv-decl-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latvian",
  "lang_code": "lv",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Latvian terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "stupid as a boot (i.e., very stupid)",
          "text": "stulbs kā zābaks",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "Valentīna ir līdz smieklīgumam stulba; viņas nejēdzīgās atbildes stundās izsauc klasē smieklu šaltis ― Valentīna is ridiculously stupid; her absurd answers caused bursts of laughter in the classroom",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "I am not so stupid as not to understand that I am being thrown out in a very, very polite way",
          "text": "es neesmu tik stulbs, lai nesaprastu, ka mani ļoti ļoti pieklājīgā veidā izraida",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "stupid, dumb (mentally challenged, not able to comprehend, to understand; also, foolish)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "stupid",
          "stupid"
        ],
        [
          "dumb",
          "dumb"
        ],
        [
          "mentally",
          "mentally#English"
        ],
        [
          "challenge",
          "challenge#English"
        ],
        [
          "able",
          "able#English"
        ],
        [
          "comprehend",
          "comprehend#English"
        ],
        [
          "understand",
          "understand#English"
        ],
        [
          "foolish",
          "foolish#English"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Latvian terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "stupid look, stare",
          "text": "stulbs skatiens",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "stupid action, behavior",
          "text": "stulba rīcība",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "stupid whims",
          "text": "stulbas kaprīzes",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "I've received (some) of everything, even (some) of the people's stupid hate",
          "text": "es no visa esmu ieguvis, pat no ļaunu ļaužu stulbā naida",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "stupid, dumb (expressing such qualities)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "stupid",
          "stupid"
        ],
        [
          "dumb",
          "dumb"
        ],
        [
          "express",
          "express#English"
        ],
        [
          "qualities",
          "quality#English"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Latvian terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "tomorrow is that stupid meeting",
          "text": "rīt ir tā stulbā sapulce",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "“I have such a stupid name,” he confessed; “I am... Krists... I am not responsible for that (name)!”",
          "text": "“man tāds stulbs vārds,” viņš atzinās; “mani sauc... Krists... es pats tur neesmu vainīgs!”",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "stupid (very undesirable, unwanted, inconvenient)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "action",
          "action"
        ],
        [
          "state",
          "state"
        ],
        [
          "stupid",
          "stupid"
        ],
        [
          "undesirable",
          "undesirable"
        ],
        [
          "unwanted",
          "unwanted"
        ],
        [
          "inconvenient",
          "inconvenient"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(of actions, states) stupid (very undesirable, unwanted, inconvenient)"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of actions"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "location",
        "region",
        "states"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[stùlps]"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "bezjēdzīgs"
    },
    {
      "word": "dumjš"
    },
    {
      "word": "idiotisks"
    },
    {
      "word": "muļķīgs"
    },
    {
      "word": "neprātīgs"
    }
  ],
  "word": "stulbs"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latvian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (93a6c53 and 21a9316). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.