See vis in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "vindex"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "violēns"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": " violentus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "violō"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "vis",
"3": "vim",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: vis, vim",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: vis, vim"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*weyh₁-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*wīs"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *wīs",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*wéyh₁s",
"4": "",
"5": "force, vehemence"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wéyh₁s (“force, vehemence”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἴς",
"3": "",
"4": "strength"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek ἴς (ís, “strength”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "वयस्",
"3": "",
"4": "enjoyment, vigor, youth, age"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit वयस् (vayas, “enjoyment, vigor, youth, age”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "οἶμος"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek οἶμος (oîmos)",
"name": "m+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Italic *wīs, from Proto-Indo-European *wéyh₁s (“force, vehemence”), from *weyh₁- (“to rush”). Cognate with Ancient Greek ἴς (ís, “strength”), Sanskrit वयस् (vayas, “enjoyment, vigor, youth, age”). See also via, invītus, invītō, Ancient Greek οἶμος (oîmos).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "vīs",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "*vīs",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "vīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vīrēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vīrium",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vīribus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vim",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vīrēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vīrīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vīribus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "vīrēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vīs<irreg>",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "vīs f (irregular, genitive *vīs); third declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vīs<irreg>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "26 18 6 4 15 3 22 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 21 4 3 20 2 25 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "May the Force be with you.",
"text": "Sit vīs tēcum.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"force, power, strength, vigor, faculty, potency"
],
"id": "en-vis-la-noun-fYTaxeJG",
"links": [
[
"force",
"force"
],
[
"power",
"power"
],
[
"strength",
"strength"
],
[
"vigor",
"vigor"
],
[
"faculty",
"faculty"
],
[
"potency",
"potency"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "rōbur"
},
{
"word": "ops"
},
{
"word": "vehementia"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"irregular"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "26 18 6 4 15 3 22 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 21 4 3 20 2 25 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "with all his strength; with all her might; with all their force",
"text": "omnibus vīribus",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"strength, might (physical)"
],
"id": "en-vis-la-noun-PtEC3SC-",
"links": [
[
"strength",
"strength"
],
[
"might",
"might"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(in the plural) strength, might (physical)"
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"in-plural",
"irregular"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "11 14 22 16 11 16 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin feminine nouns in the third declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 5 55 7 5 2 10 6",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Violence",
"orig": "la:Violence",
"parents": [
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Not through violence, but the word.",
"text": "the Wikipedia page Martin Luther on Catholic church reform\nNōn vī, sed verbō.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "appeal to violence and fighting",
"text": "ad vim atque ad arma confugere",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"violence, assault"
],
"id": "en-vis-la-noun-ZCcwjVzG",
"links": [
[
"violence",
"violence"
],
[
"assault",
"assault"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "aggressiō"
},
{
"word": "impressiō"
},
{
"word": "assultus"
},
{
"word": "invāsiō"
},
{
"word": "concursus"
},
{
"word": "impetus"
},
{
"word": "appetītus"
},
{
"word": "occursiō"
},
{
"word": "oppugnātiō"
},
{
"word": "incursus"
},
{
"word": "incursiō"
},
{
"word": "petītiō"
},
{
"word": "ictus"
},
{
"word": "procella"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"irregular"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"meaning, significance, nature, essence and value of a word"
],
"id": "en-vis-la-noun-aR4RreW8",
"links": [
[
"meaning",
"meaning"
],
[
"significance",
"significance"
],
[
"nature",
"nature"
],
[
"essence",
"essence"
],
[
"value",
"value"
],
[
"word",
"word"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) meaning, significance, nature, essence and value of a word"
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"figuratively",
"irregular"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "26 18 6 4 15 3 22 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 21 4 3 20 2 25 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"assault, affront"
],
"id": "en-vis-la-noun-V4E53y3B",
"links": [
[
"assault",
"assault"
],
[
"affront",
"affront"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) assault, affront"
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"figuratively",
"irregular"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"quantity, flood"
],
"id": "en-vis-la-noun-2matB9Di",
"links": [
[
"quantity",
"quantity"
],
[
"flood",
"flood"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) quantity, flood"
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"figuratively",
"irregular"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "New Latin",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Physics",
"orig": "la:Physics",
"parents": [
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "26 18 6 4 15 3 22 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 21 4 3 20 2 25 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"energy, force"
],
"id": "en-vis-la-noun-b8bqcGvG",
"links": [
[
"physics",
"physics"
],
[
"energy",
"energy"
],
[
"force",
"force"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(New Latin, physics) energy, force"
],
"tags": [
"New-Latin",
"declension-3",
"irregular"
],
"topics": [
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"physics"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/u̯iːs/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[u̯iːs̠]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/vis/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[vis]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "vis"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*wéyh₁si"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wéyh₁si",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*welh₁-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *welh₁-",
"name": "ncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *wéyh₁si, second-person singular present of *wéyh₁ti. This particular form is suppletive, in contrast to the other forms of volō, which derive from Proto-Indo-European *welh₁-. (Proto-Italic *wels became a separate word (vel (“or, and/or”), to be specific) in Latin.)",
"forms": [
{
"form": "vīs",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "verb form",
"head": "vīs"
},
"expansion": "vīs",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "quantusvīs"
},
{
"word": "sī vīs"
},
{
"word": "quīvīs"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "volō"
}
],
"glosses": [
"second-person singular present active indicative of volō"
],
"id": "en-vis-la-verb-ymjytV-4",
"links": [
[
"volō",
"volo#Latin"
]
],
"tags": [
"active",
"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/u̯iːs/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[u̯iːs̠]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/vis/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[vis]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "vis"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin 1-syllable words",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin feminine irregular nouns",
"Latin feminine nouns",
"Latin feminine nouns in the third declension",
"Latin irregular nouns",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin links with redundant alt parameters",
"Latin non-lemma forms",
"Latin nouns",
"Latin nouns with red links in their inflection tables",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *weyh₁-",
"Latin terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Latin third declension nouns",
"Latin verb forms",
"Pages with 22 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"la:Violence"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "vindex"
},
{
"word": "violēns"
},
{
"word": " violentus"
},
{
"word": "violō"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "vis",
"3": "vim",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: vis, vim",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: vis, vim"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*weyh₁-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*wīs"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *wīs",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*wéyh₁s",
"4": "",
"5": "force, vehemence"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wéyh₁s (“force, vehemence”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἴς",
"3": "",
"4": "strength"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek ἴς (ís, “strength”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "वयस्",
"3": "",
"4": "enjoyment, vigor, youth, age"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit वयस् (vayas, “enjoyment, vigor, youth, age”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "οἶμος"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek οἶμος (oîmos)",
"name": "m+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Italic *wīs, from Proto-Indo-European *wéyh₁s (“force, vehemence”), from *weyh₁- (“to rush”). Cognate with Ancient Greek ἴς (ís, “strength”), Sanskrit वयस् (vayas, “enjoyment, vigor, youth, age”). See also via, invītus, invītō, Ancient Greek οἶμος (oîmos).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "vīs",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "*vīs",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "vīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vīrēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vīrium",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vīribus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vim",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vīrēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vīrīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vīribus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "vīrēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vīs<irreg>",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "vīs f (irregular, genitive *vīs); third declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vīs<irreg>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latin terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "May the Force be with you.",
"text": "Sit vīs tēcum.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"force, power, strength, vigor, faculty, potency"
],
"links": [
[
"force",
"force"
],
[
"power",
"power"
],
[
"strength",
"strength"
],
[
"vigor",
"vigor"
],
[
"faculty",
"faculty"
],
[
"potency",
"potency"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "rōbur"
},
{
"word": "ops"
},
{
"word": "vehementia"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"irregular"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latin terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "with all his strength; with all her might; with all their force",
"text": "omnibus vīribus",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"strength, might (physical)"
],
"links": [
[
"strength",
"strength"
],
[
"might",
"might"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(in the plural) strength, might (physical)"
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"in-plural",
"irregular"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latin terms with quotations",
"Latin terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Not through violence, but the word.",
"text": "the Wikipedia page Martin Luther on Catholic church reform\nNōn vī, sed verbō.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "appeal to violence and fighting",
"text": "ad vim atque ad arma confugere",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"violence, assault"
],
"links": [
[
"violence",
"violence"
],
[
"assault",
"assault"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "aggressiō"
},
{
"word": "impressiō"
},
{
"word": "assultus"
},
{
"word": "invāsiō"
},
{
"word": "concursus"
},
{
"word": "impetus"
},
{
"word": "appetītus"
},
{
"word": "occursiō"
},
{
"word": "oppugnātiō"
},
{
"word": "incursus"
},
{
"word": "incursiō"
},
{
"word": "petītiō"
},
{
"word": "ictus"
},
{
"word": "procella"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"irregular"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"meaning, significance, nature, essence and value of a word"
],
"links": [
[
"meaning",
"meaning"
],
[
"significance",
"significance"
],
[
"nature",
"nature"
],
[
"essence",
"essence"
],
[
"value",
"value"
],
[
"word",
"word"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) meaning, significance, nature, essence and value of a word"
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"figuratively",
"irregular"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"assault, affront"
],
"links": [
[
"assault",
"assault"
],
[
"affront",
"affront"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) assault, affront"
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"figuratively",
"irregular"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"quantity, flood"
],
"links": [
[
"quantity",
"quantity"
],
[
"flood",
"flood"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) quantity, flood"
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"figuratively",
"irregular"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"New Latin",
"la:Physics"
],
"glosses": [
"energy, force"
],
"links": [
[
"physics",
"physics"
],
[
"energy",
"energy"
],
[
"force",
"force"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(New Latin, physics) energy, force"
],
"tags": [
"New-Latin",
"declension-3",
"irregular"
],
"topics": [
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"physics"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/u̯iːs/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[u̯iːs̠]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/vis/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[vis]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "vis"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin 1-syllable words",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin links with redundant alt parameters",
"Latin non-lemma forms",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Latin verb forms",
"Pages with 22 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"la:Violence"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "quantusvīs"
},
{
"word": "sī vīs"
},
{
"word": "quīvīs"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*wéyh₁si"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wéyh₁si",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*welh₁-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *welh₁-",
"name": "ncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *wéyh₁si, second-person singular present of *wéyh₁ti. This particular form is suppletive, in contrast to the other forms of volō, which derive from Proto-Indo-European *welh₁-. (Proto-Italic *wels became a separate word (vel (“or, and/or”), to be specific) in Latin.)",
"forms": [
{
"form": "vīs",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "verb form",
"head": "vīs"
},
"expansion": "vīs",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "volō"
}
],
"glosses": [
"second-person singular present active indicative of volō"
],
"links": [
[
"volō",
"volo#Latin"
]
],
"tags": [
"active",
"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/u̯iːs/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[u̯iːs̠]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/vis/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[vis]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "vis"
}
Download raw JSONL data for vis meaning in Latin (8.5kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1147",
"msg": "suspicious related form tags ('genitive',): '*vīs' in 'vīs f (irregular, genitive *vīs); third declension'",
"path": [
"vis"
],
"section": "Latin",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "vis",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latin dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.