See circulus in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Circulus Arcticus"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Aromanian",
"lang_code": "rup",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "tserclju"
},
{
"lang": "Aromanian",
"lang_code": "rup",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "tserchiu"
},
{
"lang": "Aromanian",
"lang_code": "rup",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "tserkiu"
}
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"word": "cerchio"
},
{
"lang": "Sicilian",
"lang_code": "scn",
"word": "circhiu"
},
{
"lang": "Sicilian",
"lang_code": "scn",
"word": "chirchiu"
},
{
"lang": "Tuscan",
"lang_code": "it",
"word": "chiercio"
}
],
"lang": "Italo-Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Friulian",
"lang_code": "fur",
"word": "cercli"
},
{
"lang": "Ligurian",
"lang_code": "lij",
"word": "çèrcio"
},
{
"lang": "Lombard",
"lang_code": "lmo",
"word": "sercc"
},
{
"lang": "Piedmontese",
"lang_code": "pms",
"word": "sercc"
},
{
"lang": "Romansh",
"lang_code": "rm",
"word": "tschierchel"
},
{
"lang": "Venetan",
"lang_code": "vec",
"word": "cercio"
},
{
"lang": "Venetan",
"lang_code": "vec",
"word": "sercio"
},
{
"lang": "Venetan",
"lang_code": "vec",
"word": "sércio"
}
],
"lang": "Padanian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Franco-Provençal",
"lang_code": "frp",
"word": "cercllo"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Haitian Creole",
"lang_code": "ht",
"word": "sèk"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "cercle"
},
{
"lang": "Norman",
"lang_code": "nrm",
"tags": [
"Jersey"
],
"word": "cèrcl'ye"
},
{
"lang": "Walloon",
"lang_code": "wa",
"word": "ceke"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "circle"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "circle"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "cercle"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "circle"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "circle"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed",
"Latin-influenced"
],
"word": "circle"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"word": "cercle"
}
],
"lang": "Northern Gallo-Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Aragonese",
"lang_code": "an",
"word": "cerclo"
},
{
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"word": "cercle"
},
{
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"word": "cèrcol"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Occitan",
"lang_code": "oc",
"word": "cercle"
},
{
"lang": "Occitan",
"lang_code": "oc",
"word": "ceucle"
}
],
"lang": "Old Occitan",
"lang_code": "pro",
"word": "cercle"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Occitan",
"lang_code": "oc",
"word": "cercle"
},
{
"lang": "Occitan",
"lang_code": "oc",
"word": "ceucle"
}
],
"lang": "Old Occitan",
"lang_code": "pro",
"word": "sercle"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Occitan",
"lang_code": "oc",
"word": "cercle"
},
{
"lang": "Occitan",
"lang_code": "oc",
"word": "ceucle"
}
],
"lang": "Old Occitan",
"lang_code": "pro",
"word": "selcle"
}
],
"lang": "Southern Gallo-Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Sardinian",
"lang_code": "sc",
"word": "chìlciu"
}
],
"lang": "Insular Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Albanian",
"lang_code": "sq",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "qarkull"
},
{
"lang": "Basque",
"lang_code": "eu",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "curcuru"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Old Welsh",
"lang_code": "owl",
"word": "circhl"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Breton",
"lang_code": "br",
"word": "kelc'h"
},
{
"lang": "Cornish",
"lang_code": "kw",
"word": "kylgh"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"word": "cylch"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Welsh",
"lang_code": "wlm",
"word": "kylch"
},
{
"lang": "Cumbric",
"lang_code": "xcb",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "kelchyn"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Brythonic",
"lang_code": "cel-bry-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"inherited",
"uncertain"
],
"word": "*kɨlx"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Brythonic",
"lang_code": "cel-bry-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "*kɨrxl"
}
],
"lang": "Ancient borrowings",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"word": "ċircul"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"word": "ciorcal"
},
{
"lang": "Manx",
"lang_code": "gv",
"word": "kiarkyl"
},
{
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"lang_code": "gd",
"word": "cearcall"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Irish",
"lang_code": "mga",
"word": "circul"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"word": "circul"
}
],
"lang": "→ British Isles",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"lang_code": "af",
"word": "sirkel"
},
{
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"word": "cirkel"
},
{
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"word": "cirkel"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Ladin",
"lang_code": "lld",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "zirtl"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Pannonian Rusyn",
"lang_code": "rsk",
"roman": "cirkelʹ",
"word": "циркель"
}
],
"lang": "Old Slovak",
"lang_code": "zlw-osk",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "cirkeľ"
},
{
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "cirkulʹ",
"word": "циркуль"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"word": "Zirkel"
},
{
"lang": "Limburgish",
"lang_code": "li",
"word": "cirkel"
},
{
"lang": "Norwegian",
"lang_code": "no"
},
{
"lang": "Norwegian",
"lang_code": "no",
"word": "sirkel"
},
{
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"word": "cirkel"
}
],
"lang": "→ Germany and environs",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Asturian",
"lang_code": "ast",
"word": "círculu"
},
{
"lang": "Basque",
"lang_code": "eu",
"word": "zirkulu"
},
{
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"word": "círculo"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"word": "círculo"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "círcol"
}
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"word": "círculo"
}
],
"lang": "→ Iberia",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Dalmatian",
"lang_code": "dlm",
"word": "circol"
},
{
"lang": "Friulian",
"lang_code": "fur",
"word": "circul"
},
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"word": "circolo"
},
{
"lang": "Romansh",
"lang_code": "rm",
"word": "circul"
},
{
"lang": "Sardinian",
"lang_code": "sc",
"word": "círculu"
},
{
"lang": "Sardinian",
"lang_code": "sc",
"word": "tzírculu"
}
],
"lang": "→ Italy and environs",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"lang": "Translingual",
"lang_code": "mul",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "Circulus"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": ":af",
"3": "circus",
"4": "-ulus",
"text": "+"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"hawk\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"turn\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*(s)ker-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"κίρκος\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"circus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"diminutive\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-elós\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agent nouns\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-lós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-elos\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ulus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"circulus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }\" data-lang=\"la\" data-title=\"circulus\">\nFrom circus + -ulus.",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From circus + -ulus.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "circulī",
"links": [
[
"circulī",
"circuli"
]
],
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "circulus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "circulī",
"links": [
[
"circulī",
"circuli#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "circulī",
"links": [
[
"circulī",
"circuli#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "circulōrum",
"links": [
[
"circulōrum",
"circulorum#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "circulō",
"links": [
[
"circulō",
"circulo#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "circulīs",
"links": [
[
"circulīs",
"circulis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "circulum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "circulōs",
"links": [
[
"circulōs",
"circulos#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "circulō",
"links": [
[
"circulō",
"circulo#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "circulīs",
"links": [
[
"circulīs",
"circulis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "circule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "circulī",
"links": [
[
"circulī",
"circuli#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "circlus",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "circulus<2>"
},
"expansion": "circulus m (genitive circulī); second declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "circulus<2>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "circā"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "circiter"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "circulō"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "circulor"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "circum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "circus"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "16 16 19 19 16 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 14 19 19 19 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin masculine nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 6 20 22 18 6",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Shapes",
"orig": "la:Shapes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"circle (geometric figure)"
],
"id": "en-circulus-la-noun-tYNJcvbj",
"links": [
[
"circle",
"circle"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "16 16 19 19 16 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 14 19 19 19 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin masculine nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"orbit (circular path)"
],
"id": "en-circulus-la-noun-~ZWmlD3a",
"links": [
[
"orbit",
"orbit"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "7 7 26 28 25 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 16 19 19 16 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 4 41 21 24 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 14 19 19 19 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin masculine nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 7 25 27 25 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin terms suffixed with -ulus",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ring; hoop"
],
"id": "en-circulus-la-noun-i3RYhE7o",
"links": [
[
"ring",
"ring"
],
[
"hoop",
"hoop"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "7 7 26 28 25 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 16 19 19 16 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 14 19 19 19 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin masculine nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 7 25 27 25 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin terms suffixed with -ulus",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"necklace; chain"
],
"id": "en-circulus-la-noun-8LOa2l4Q",
"links": [
[
"necklace",
"necklace"
],
[
"chain",
"chain"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "7 7 26 28 25 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 16 19 19 16 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 14 19 19 19 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin masculine nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 7 25 27 25 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin terms suffixed with -ulus",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"company; social gathering; group"
],
"id": "en-circulus-la-noun-hTVx5XI1",
"links": [
[
"company",
"company"
],
[
"gathering",
"gathering"
],
[
"group",
"group"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Medieval Latin",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "16 16 19 19 16 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 14 19 19 19 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin masculine nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "In the sixth year of which [reign], the first cycle of Dionysius begins. — Bede, Chronica Minora",
"text": "Huius sexto anno primus Dionisi circulus inchoat",
"translation": "In the sixth year of which [reign], the first cycle of Dionysius begins. — Bede, Chronica Minora"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a calendrical cycle"
],
"id": "en-circulus-la-noun-sRbkIa5Q",
"links": [
[
"calendrical",
"calendrical"
],
[
"cycle",
"cycle"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Medieval Latin) a calendrical cycle"
],
"tags": [
"Medieval-Latin",
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈkɪr.kʊ.ɫʊs]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈt͡ʃir.ku.lus]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "circulus"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin 3-syllable words",
"Latin entries with etymology texts",
"Latin entries with etymon",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin masculine nouns",
"Latin masculine nouns in the second declension",
"Latin nouns",
"Latin second declension nouns",
"Latin terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *(s)ker- (turn)",
"Latin terms suffixed with -ulus",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon",
"la:Shapes"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "Circulus Arcticus"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Aromanian",
"lang_code": "rup",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "tserclju"
},
{
"lang": "Aromanian",
"lang_code": "rup",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "tserchiu"
},
{
"lang": "Aromanian",
"lang_code": "rup",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "tserkiu"
}
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"word": "cerchio"
},
{
"lang": "Sicilian",
"lang_code": "scn",
"word": "circhiu"
},
{
"lang": "Sicilian",
"lang_code": "scn",
"word": "chirchiu"
},
{
"lang": "Tuscan",
"lang_code": "it",
"word": "chiercio"
}
],
"lang": "Italo-Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Friulian",
"lang_code": "fur",
"word": "cercli"
},
{
"lang": "Ligurian",
"lang_code": "lij",
"word": "çèrcio"
},
{
"lang": "Lombard",
"lang_code": "lmo",
"word": "sercc"
},
{
"lang": "Piedmontese",
"lang_code": "pms",
"word": "sercc"
},
{
"lang": "Romansh",
"lang_code": "rm",
"word": "tschierchel"
},
{
"lang": "Venetan",
"lang_code": "vec",
"word": "cercio"
},
{
"lang": "Venetan",
"lang_code": "vec",
"word": "sercio"
},
{
"lang": "Venetan",
"lang_code": "vec",
"word": "sércio"
}
],
"lang": "Padanian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Franco-Provençal",
"lang_code": "frp",
"word": "cercllo"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Haitian Creole",
"lang_code": "ht",
"word": "sèk"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "cercle"
},
{
"lang": "Norman",
"lang_code": "nrm",
"tags": [
"Jersey"
],
"word": "cèrcl'ye"
},
{
"lang": "Walloon",
"lang_code": "wa",
"word": "ceke"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "circle"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "circle"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "cercle"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "circle"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "circle"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed",
"Latin-influenced"
],
"word": "circle"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"word": "cercle"
}
],
"lang": "Northern Gallo-Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Aragonese",
"lang_code": "an",
"word": "cerclo"
},
{
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"word": "cercle"
},
{
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"word": "cèrcol"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Occitan",
"lang_code": "oc",
"word": "cercle"
},
{
"lang": "Occitan",
"lang_code": "oc",
"word": "ceucle"
}
],
"lang": "Old Occitan",
"lang_code": "pro",
"word": "cercle"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Occitan",
"lang_code": "oc",
"word": "cercle"
},
{
"lang": "Occitan",
"lang_code": "oc",
"word": "ceucle"
}
],
"lang": "Old Occitan",
"lang_code": "pro",
"word": "sercle"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Occitan",
"lang_code": "oc",
"word": "cercle"
},
{
"lang": "Occitan",
"lang_code": "oc",
"word": "ceucle"
}
],
"lang": "Old Occitan",
"lang_code": "pro",
"word": "selcle"
}
],
"lang": "Southern Gallo-Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Sardinian",
"lang_code": "sc",
"word": "chìlciu"
}
],
"lang": "Insular Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Albanian",
"lang_code": "sq",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "qarkull"
},
{
"lang": "Basque",
"lang_code": "eu",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "curcuru"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Old Welsh",
"lang_code": "owl",
"word": "circhl"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Breton",
"lang_code": "br",
"word": "kelc'h"
},
{
"lang": "Cornish",
"lang_code": "kw",
"word": "kylgh"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"word": "cylch"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Welsh",
"lang_code": "wlm",
"word": "kylch"
},
{
"lang": "Cumbric",
"lang_code": "xcb",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "kelchyn"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Brythonic",
"lang_code": "cel-bry-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"inherited",
"uncertain"
],
"word": "*kɨlx"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Brythonic",
"lang_code": "cel-bry-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "*kɨrxl"
}
],
"lang": "Ancient borrowings",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"word": "ċircul"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"word": "ciorcal"
},
{
"lang": "Manx",
"lang_code": "gv",
"word": "kiarkyl"
},
{
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"lang_code": "gd",
"word": "cearcall"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Irish",
"lang_code": "mga",
"word": "circul"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"word": "circul"
}
],
"lang": "→ British Isles",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"lang_code": "af",
"word": "sirkel"
},
{
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"word": "cirkel"
},
{
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"word": "cirkel"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Ladin",
"lang_code": "lld",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "zirtl"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Pannonian Rusyn",
"lang_code": "rsk",
"roman": "cirkelʹ",
"word": "циркель"
}
],
"lang": "Old Slovak",
"lang_code": "zlw-osk",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "cirkeľ"
},
{
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "cirkulʹ",
"word": "циркуль"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"word": "Zirkel"
},
{
"lang": "Limburgish",
"lang_code": "li",
"word": "cirkel"
},
{
"lang": "Norwegian",
"lang_code": "no"
},
{
"lang": "Norwegian",
"lang_code": "no",
"word": "sirkel"
},
{
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"word": "cirkel"
}
],
"lang": "→ Germany and environs",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Asturian",
"lang_code": "ast",
"word": "círculu"
},
{
"lang": "Basque",
"lang_code": "eu",
"word": "zirkulu"
},
{
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"word": "círculo"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"word": "círculo"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "círcol"
}
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"word": "círculo"
}
],
"lang": "→ Iberia",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Dalmatian",
"lang_code": "dlm",
"word": "circol"
},
{
"lang": "Friulian",
"lang_code": "fur",
"word": "circul"
},
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"word": "circolo"
},
{
"lang": "Romansh",
"lang_code": "rm",
"word": "circul"
},
{
"lang": "Sardinian",
"lang_code": "sc",
"word": "círculu"
},
{
"lang": "Sardinian",
"lang_code": "sc",
"word": "tzírculu"
}
],
"lang": "→ Italy and environs",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"lang": "Translingual",
"lang_code": "mul",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "Circulus"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": ":af",
"3": "circus",
"4": "-ulus",
"text": "+"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"hawk\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"turn\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*(s)ker-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"κίρκος\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"circus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"diminutive\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-elós\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agent nouns\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-lós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-elos\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ulus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"circulus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }\" data-lang=\"la\" data-title=\"circulus\">\nFrom circus + -ulus.",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From circus + -ulus.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "circulī",
"links": [
[
"circulī",
"circuli"
]
],
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "circulus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "circulī",
"links": [
[
"circulī",
"circuli#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "circulī",
"links": [
[
"circulī",
"circuli#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "circulōrum",
"links": [
[
"circulōrum",
"circulorum#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "circulō",
"links": [
[
"circulō",
"circulo#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "circulīs",
"links": [
[
"circulīs",
"circulis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "circulum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "circulōs",
"links": [
[
"circulōs",
"circulos#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "circulō",
"links": [
[
"circulō",
"circulo#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "circulīs",
"links": [
[
"circulīs",
"circulis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "circule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "circulī",
"links": [
[
"circulī",
"circuli#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "circlus",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "circulus<2>"
},
"expansion": "circulus m (genitive circulī); second declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "circulus<2>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "circā"
},
{
"word": "circiter"
},
{
"word": "circulō"
},
{
"word": "circulor"
},
{
"word": "circum"
},
{
"word": "circus"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"circle (geometric figure)"
],
"links": [
[
"circle",
"circle"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"orbit (circular path)"
],
"links": [
[
"orbit",
"orbit"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"ring; hoop"
],
"links": [
[
"ring",
"ring"
],
[
"hoop",
"hoop"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"necklace; chain"
],
"links": [
[
"necklace",
"necklace"
],
[
"chain",
"chain"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"company; social gathering; group"
],
"links": [
[
"company",
"company"
],
[
"gathering",
"gathering"
],
[
"group",
"group"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Medieval Latin"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "In the sixth year of which [reign], the first cycle of Dionysius begins. — Bede, Chronica Minora",
"text": "Huius sexto anno primus Dionisi circulus inchoat",
"translation": "In the sixth year of which [reign], the first cycle of Dionysius begins. — Bede, Chronica Minora"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a calendrical cycle"
],
"links": [
[
"calendrical",
"calendrical"
],
[
"cycle",
"cycle"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Medieval Latin) a calendrical cycle"
],
"tags": [
"Medieval-Latin",
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈkɪr.kʊ.ɫʊs]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈt͡ʃir.ku.lus]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "circulus"
}
Download raw JSONL data for circulus meaning in Latin (12.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latin dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-07-16 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-07-06 using wiktextract (e62056b and e7887d5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.