"castrum" meaning in Latin

See castrum in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: [ˈkas.trũː] [Classical-Latin], [ˈkas.trum] (note: modern Italianate Ecclesiastical)
Etymology: From Proto-Italic *kastrom, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱes- (“to cut, cut off, separate”) + Proto-Indo-European *-trom (Latin -trum) (Watkins, 1969). Cognate with Sanskrit शस्त्र (śastrá, “cutting tool, sword”). See also castrō, careō. Etymology templates: {{etymon|la|:inh|itc-pro:*kastrom<id:part>|id=fortress}}, {{inh|la|itc-pro|*kastrom}} Proto-Italic *kastrom, {{suffix|la|*ḱes-|*-trom|gloss1=to cut, cut off, separate|lang1=ine-pro|lang2=ine-pro}} Proto-Indo-European *ḱes- (“to cut, cut off, separate”) + Proto-Indo-European *-trom, {{af|la|-trum}} -trum, {{cog|sa|शस्त्र|t=cutting tool, sword|tr=śastrá}} Sanskrit शस्त्र (śastrá, “cutting tool, sword”) Head templates: {{la-noun|castrum<2>}} castrum n (genitive castrī); second declension Inflection templates: {{la-ndecl|castrum<2>}} Forms: castrī [genitive], no-table-tags [table-tags], castrum [nominative, singular], castra [nominative, plural], castrī [genitive, singular], castrōrum [genitive, plural], castrō [dative, singular], castrīs [dative, plural], castrum [accusative, singular], castra [accusative, plural], castrō [ablative, singular], castrīs [ablative, plural], castrum [singular, vocative], castra [plural, vocative]
  1. castle, fort, fortress Tags: declension-2, neuter
    Sense id: en-castrum-la-noun-JpktO0ab Categories (other): Latin entries with incorrect language header, Latin terms suffixed with -trum Disambiguation of Latin entries with incorrect language header: 52 48 Disambiguation of Latin terms suffixed with -trum: 53 47
  2. (chiefly in the plural) several soldiers' tents situated together; hence, a military camp, an encampment Tags: declension-2, in-plural, neuter
    Sense id: en-castrum-la-noun-7yXACuN0 Categories (other): Latin entries with incorrect language header, Latin neuter nouns in the second declension, Latin terms suffixed with -trum Disambiguation of Latin entries with incorrect language header: 52 48 Disambiguation of Latin neuter nouns in the second declension: 44 56 Disambiguation of Latin terms suffixed with -trum: 53 47
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: castellum, castra

Inflected forms

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "castellum"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "castra"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "Italian",
      "lang_code": "it",
      "word": "castro"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Italian",
      "lang_code": "it",
      "word": "Castro"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Galician",
          "lang_code": "gl",
          "word": "castro"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Galician",
          "lang_code": "gl",
          "word": "Castro"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "lang_code": "pt",
          "word": "castro"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "lang_code": "pt",
          "word": "crasto"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "lang_code": "pt",
          "word": "Castro"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "lang_code": "pt",
          "word": "Crasto"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Old Galician-Portuguese",
      "lang_code": "roa-opt",
      "word": "castro"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Galician",
          "lang_code": "gl",
          "word": "castro"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Galician",
          "lang_code": "gl",
          "word": "Castro"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "lang_code": "pt",
          "word": "castro"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "lang_code": "pt",
          "word": "crasto"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "lang_code": "pt",
          "word": "Castro"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "lang_code": "pt",
          "word": "Crasto"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Old Galician-Portuguese",
      "lang_code": "roa-opt",
      "word": "Castro"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "lang_code": "es",
          "word": "castro"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "lang_code": "es",
          "word": "Castro"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Old Spanish",
      "lang_code": "osp",
      "word": "castro"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Albanian",
      "lang_code": "sq",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "-kastër"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Hijazi Arabic",
              "lang_code": "acw",
              "roman": "gaṣur",
              "word": "قصر"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "English",
                  "lang_code": "en",
                  "raw_tags": [
                    "borrowed"
                  ],
                  "word": "ksar"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "French",
                  "lang_code": "fr",
                  "raw_tags": [
                    "borrowed"
                  ],
                  "word": "ksar"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Moroccan Arabic",
              "lang_code": "ary",
              "roman": "qṣar",
              "word": "قصر"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Italian",
              "lang_code": "it",
              "raw_tags": [
                "borrowed"
              ],
              "word": "cassero"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Italian",
              "lang_code": "it",
              "raw_tags": [
                "borrowed"
              ],
              "word": "cassaro"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "Catalan",
                  "lang_code": "ca",
                  "word": "alcàsser"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Old Catalan",
              "lang_code": "roa-oca",
              "raw_tags": [
                "borrowed"
              ],
              "word": "alcacer"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "Galician",
                  "lang_code": "gl",
                  "word": "alcácer"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Portuguese",
                  "lang_code": "pt",
                  "word": "alcácer"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Old Galician-Portuguese",
              "lang_code": "roa-opt",
              "raw_tags": [
                "borrowed"
              ],
              "word": "alcaçar"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "Galician",
                  "lang_code": "gl",
                  "word": "alcácer"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Portuguese",
                  "lang_code": "pt",
                  "word": "alcácer"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Old Galician-Portuguese",
              "lang_code": "roa-opt",
              "raw_tags": [
                "borrowed"
              ],
              "word": "alcaçer"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "Spanish",
                  "lang_code": "es",
                  "word": "alcázar"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Old Spanish",
              "lang_code": "osp",
              "raw_tags": [
                "borrowed"
              ],
              "word": "alcaçar"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "Spanish",
                  "lang_code": "es",
                  "word": "alcázar"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Old Spanish",
              "lang_code": "osp",
              "raw_tags": [
                "borrowed"
              ],
              "word": "alcacer"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "Tajik",
                  "lang_code": "tg",
                  "roman": "qasr",
                  "word": "қаср"
                },
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "Turkish",
                      "lang_code": "tr",
                      "word": "kasır"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
                  "lang_code": "ota",
                  "raw_tags": [
                    "borrowed"
                  ],
                  "word": "قصر"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Uzbek",
                  "lang_code": "uz",
                  "raw_tags": [
                    "borrowed"
                  ],
                  "word": "qasr"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Persian",
              "lang_code": "fa",
              "raw_tags": [
                "borrowed"
              ],
              "roman": "qasr",
              "word": "قصر"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Sicilian",
              "lang_code": "scn",
              "raw_tags": [
                "borrowed"
              ],
              "word": "càssaru"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Swahili",
              "lang_code": "sw",
              "raw_tags": [
                "borrowed"
              ],
              "word": "kasri"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Uyghur",
              "lang_code": "ug",
              "raw_tags": [
                "borrowed"
              ],
              "roman": "qesir",
              "word": "قەسىر"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "lang_code": "ar",
          "raw_tags": [
            "borrowed"
          ],
          "roman": "qaṣr",
          "word": "قَصْر"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Aramaic",
      "lang_code": "arc",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "roman": "qaṣrā",
      "word": "קַצְרָא"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Hijazi Arabic",
              "lang_code": "acw",
              "roman": "gaṣur",
              "word": "قصر"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "English",
                  "lang_code": "en",
                  "raw_tags": [
                    "borrowed"
                  ],
                  "word": "ksar"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "French",
                  "lang_code": "fr",
                  "raw_tags": [
                    "borrowed"
                  ],
                  "word": "ksar"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Moroccan Arabic",
              "lang_code": "ary",
              "roman": "qṣar",
              "word": "قصر"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Italian",
              "lang_code": "it",
              "raw_tags": [
                "borrowed"
              ],
              "word": "cassero"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Italian",
              "lang_code": "it",
              "raw_tags": [
                "borrowed"
              ],
              "word": "cassaro"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "Catalan",
                  "lang_code": "ca",
                  "word": "alcàsser"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Old Catalan",
              "lang_code": "roa-oca",
              "raw_tags": [
                "borrowed"
              ],
              "word": "alcacer"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "Galician",
                  "lang_code": "gl",
                  "word": "alcácer"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Portuguese",
                  "lang_code": "pt",
                  "word": "alcácer"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Old Galician-Portuguese",
              "lang_code": "roa-opt",
              "raw_tags": [
                "borrowed"
              ],
              "word": "alcaçar"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "Galician",
                  "lang_code": "gl",
                  "word": "alcácer"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Portuguese",
                  "lang_code": "pt",
                  "word": "alcácer"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Old Galician-Portuguese",
              "lang_code": "roa-opt",
              "raw_tags": [
                "borrowed"
              ],
              "word": "alcaçer"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "Spanish",
                  "lang_code": "es",
                  "word": "alcázar"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Old Spanish",
              "lang_code": "osp",
              "raw_tags": [
                "borrowed"
              ],
              "word": "alcaçar"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "Spanish",
                  "lang_code": "es",
                  "word": "alcázar"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Old Spanish",
              "lang_code": "osp",
              "raw_tags": [
                "borrowed"
              ],
              "word": "alcacer"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "Tajik",
                  "lang_code": "tg",
                  "roman": "qasr",
                  "word": "қаср"
                },
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "Turkish",
                      "lang_code": "tr",
                      "word": "kasır"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
                  "lang_code": "ota",
                  "raw_tags": [
                    "borrowed"
                  ],
                  "word": "قصر"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Uzbek",
                  "lang_code": "uz",
                  "raw_tags": [
                    "borrowed"
                  ],
                  "word": "qasr"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Persian",
              "lang_code": "fa",
              "raw_tags": [
                "borrowed"
              ],
              "roman": "qasr",
              "word": "قصر"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Sicilian",
              "lang_code": "scn",
              "raw_tags": [
                "borrowed"
              ],
              "word": "càssaru"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Swahili",
              "lang_code": "sw",
              "raw_tags": [
                "borrowed"
              ],
              "word": "kasri"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Uyghur",
              "lang_code": "ug",
              "raw_tags": [
                "borrowed"
              ],
              "roman": "qesir",
              "word": "قەسىر"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "lang_code": "ar",
          "raw_tags": [
            "borrowed"
          ],
          "roman": "qaṣr",
          "word": "قَصْر"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Aramaic",
      "lang_code": "arc",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "roman": "qaṣrā",
      "word": "ܩܰܨܪܳܐ"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Coptic",
              "lang_code": "cop",
              "raw_tags": [
                "borrowed"
              ],
              "roman": "kastrou",
              "word": "ⲕⲁⲥⲧⲣⲟⲩ"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Coptic",
              "lang_code": "cop",
              "raw_tags": [
                "borrowed"
              ],
              "roman": "kastron",
              "word": "ⲕⲁⲥⲧⲣⲟⲛ"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Aromanian",
              "lang_code": "rup",
              "raw_tags": [
                "borrowed"
              ],
              "word": "castru"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Greek",
          "lang_code": "el",
          "raw_tags": [
            "n"
          ],
          "roman": "kástro",
          "word": "κάστρο"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Byzantine Greek",
      "lang_code": "grc",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "roman": "kástron",
      "word": "κάστρον"
    },
    {
      "lang": "English",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "castrum"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Hebrew",
      "lang_code": "he",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "roman": "qəṣārā",
      "word": "קְצָרָה"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "-caster"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "-cester"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "-chester"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "Chester"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle English",
          "lang_code": "enm",
          "word": "Chestre"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Old English",
      "lang_code": "ang",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "ceaster"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "lang_code": "ro",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "castru"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "itc-pro:*kastrom<id:part>",
        "id": "fortress"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymon"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "itc-pro",
        "3": "*kastrom"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Italic *kastrom",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "*ḱes-",
        "3": "*-trom",
        "gloss1": "to cut, cut off, separate",
        "lang1": "ine-pro",
        "lang2": "ine-pro"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱes- (“to cut, cut off, separate”) + Proto-Indo-European *-trom",
      "name": "suffix"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "-trum"
      },
      "expansion": "-trum",
      "name": "af"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "शस्त्र",
        "t": "cutting tool, sword",
        "tr": "śastrá"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit शस्त्र (śastrá, “cutting tool, sword”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Italic *kastrom, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱes- (“to cut, cut off, separate”) + Proto-Indo-European *-trom (Latin -trum) (Watkins, 1969). Cognate with Sanskrit शस्त्र (śastrá, “cutting tool, sword”). See also castrō, careō.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "castrī",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "la-ndecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "castrum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "castra",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "castrī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "castrōrum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "castrō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "castrīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "castrum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "castra",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "castrō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "castrīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "castrum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "castra",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "castrum<2>"
      },
      "expansion": "castrum n (genitive castrī); second declension",
      "name": "la-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "castrum<2>"
      },
      "name": "la-ndecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "52 48",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "53 47",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin terms suffixed with -trum",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "castle, fort, fortress"
      ],
      "id": "en-castrum-la-noun-JpktO0ab",
      "links": [
        [
          "castle",
          "castle"
        ],
        [
          "fort",
          "fort"
        ],
        [
          "fortress",
          "fortress"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-2",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "52 48",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "44 56",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin neuter nouns in the second declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "53 47",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin terms suffixed with -trum",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Caesar, having disembarked his army and chosen a convenient place for the camp […]",
          "ref": "c. 52 BCE, Julius Caesar, Commentarii de Bello Gallico 5.9",
          "text": "Caesar exposito exercitu et loco castris idoneo capto […]",
          "translation": "Caesar, having disembarked his army and chosen a convenient place for the camp […]"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "several soldiers' tents situated together; hence, a military camp, an encampment"
      ],
      "id": "en-castrum-la-noun-7yXACuN0",
      "links": [
        [
          "soldier",
          "soldier"
        ],
        [
          "tents",
          "tents"
        ],
        [
          "together",
          "together"
        ],
        [
          "military",
          "military"
        ],
        [
          "camp",
          "camp"
        ],
        [
          "encampment",
          "encampment"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(chiefly in the plural) several soldiers' tents situated together; hence, a military camp, an encampment"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-2",
        "in-plural",
        "neuter"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈkas.trũː]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈkas.trum]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "word": "castrum"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Latin 2-syllable words",
    "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
    "Latin lemmas",
    "Latin neuter nouns",
    "Latin neuter nouns in the second declension",
    "Latin nouns",
    "Latin second declension nouns",
    "Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic",
    "Latin terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ḱes-",
    "Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic",
    "Latin terms suffixed with -trum",
    "Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "castellum"
    },
    {
      "word": "castra"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "Italian",
      "lang_code": "it",
      "word": "castro"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Italian",
      "lang_code": "it",
      "word": "Castro"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Galician",
          "lang_code": "gl",
          "word": "castro"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Galician",
          "lang_code": "gl",
          "word": "Castro"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "lang_code": "pt",
          "word": "castro"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "lang_code": "pt",
          "word": "crasto"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "lang_code": "pt",
          "word": "Castro"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "lang_code": "pt",
          "word": "Crasto"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Old Galician-Portuguese",
      "lang_code": "roa-opt",
      "word": "castro"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Galician",
          "lang_code": "gl",
          "word": "castro"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Galician",
          "lang_code": "gl",
          "word": "Castro"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "lang_code": "pt",
          "word": "castro"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "lang_code": "pt",
          "word": "crasto"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "lang_code": "pt",
          "word": "Castro"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "lang_code": "pt",
          "word": "Crasto"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Old Galician-Portuguese",
      "lang_code": "roa-opt",
      "word": "Castro"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "lang_code": "es",
          "word": "castro"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "lang_code": "es",
          "word": "Castro"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Old Spanish",
      "lang_code": "osp",
      "word": "castro"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Albanian",
      "lang_code": "sq",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "-kastër"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Hijazi Arabic",
              "lang_code": "acw",
              "roman": "gaṣur",
              "word": "قصر"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "English",
                  "lang_code": "en",
                  "raw_tags": [
                    "borrowed"
                  ],
                  "word": "ksar"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "French",
                  "lang_code": "fr",
                  "raw_tags": [
                    "borrowed"
                  ],
                  "word": "ksar"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Moroccan Arabic",
              "lang_code": "ary",
              "roman": "qṣar",
              "word": "قصر"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Italian",
              "lang_code": "it",
              "raw_tags": [
                "borrowed"
              ],
              "word": "cassero"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Italian",
              "lang_code": "it",
              "raw_tags": [
                "borrowed"
              ],
              "word": "cassaro"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "Catalan",
                  "lang_code": "ca",
                  "word": "alcàsser"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Old Catalan",
              "lang_code": "roa-oca",
              "raw_tags": [
                "borrowed"
              ],
              "word": "alcacer"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "Galician",
                  "lang_code": "gl",
                  "word": "alcácer"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Portuguese",
                  "lang_code": "pt",
                  "word": "alcácer"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Old Galician-Portuguese",
              "lang_code": "roa-opt",
              "raw_tags": [
                "borrowed"
              ],
              "word": "alcaçar"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "Galician",
                  "lang_code": "gl",
                  "word": "alcácer"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Portuguese",
                  "lang_code": "pt",
                  "word": "alcácer"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Old Galician-Portuguese",
              "lang_code": "roa-opt",
              "raw_tags": [
                "borrowed"
              ],
              "word": "alcaçer"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "Spanish",
                  "lang_code": "es",
                  "word": "alcázar"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Old Spanish",
              "lang_code": "osp",
              "raw_tags": [
                "borrowed"
              ],
              "word": "alcaçar"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "Spanish",
                  "lang_code": "es",
                  "word": "alcázar"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Old Spanish",
              "lang_code": "osp",
              "raw_tags": [
                "borrowed"
              ],
              "word": "alcacer"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "Tajik",
                  "lang_code": "tg",
                  "roman": "qasr",
                  "word": "қаср"
                },
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "Turkish",
                      "lang_code": "tr",
                      "word": "kasır"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
                  "lang_code": "ota",
                  "raw_tags": [
                    "borrowed"
                  ],
                  "word": "قصر"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Uzbek",
                  "lang_code": "uz",
                  "raw_tags": [
                    "borrowed"
                  ],
                  "word": "qasr"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Persian",
              "lang_code": "fa",
              "raw_tags": [
                "borrowed"
              ],
              "roman": "qasr",
              "word": "قصر"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Sicilian",
              "lang_code": "scn",
              "raw_tags": [
                "borrowed"
              ],
              "word": "càssaru"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Swahili",
              "lang_code": "sw",
              "raw_tags": [
                "borrowed"
              ],
              "word": "kasri"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Uyghur",
              "lang_code": "ug",
              "raw_tags": [
                "borrowed"
              ],
              "roman": "qesir",
              "word": "قەسىر"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "lang_code": "ar",
          "raw_tags": [
            "borrowed"
          ],
          "roman": "qaṣr",
          "word": "قَصْر"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Aramaic",
      "lang_code": "arc",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "roman": "qaṣrā",
      "word": "קַצְרָא"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Hijazi Arabic",
              "lang_code": "acw",
              "roman": "gaṣur",
              "word": "قصر"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "English",
                  "lang_code": "en",
                  "raw_tags": [
                    "borrowed"
                  ],
                  "word": "ksar"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "French",
                  "lang_code": "fr",
                  "raw_tags": [
                    "borrowed"
                  ],
                  "word": "ksar"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Moroccan Arabic",
              "lang_code": "ary",
              "roman": "qṣar",
              "word": "قصر"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Italian",
              "lang_code": "it",
              "raw_tags": [
                "borrowed"
              ],
              "word": "cassero"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Italian",
              "lang_code": "it",
              "raw_tags": [
                "borrowed"
              ],
              "word": "cassaro"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "Catalan",
                  "lang_code": "ca",
                  "word": "alcàsser"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Old Catalan",
              "lang_code": "roa-oca",
              "raw_tags": [
                "borrowed"
              ],
              "word": "alcacer"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "Galician",
                  "lang_code": "gl",
                  "word": "alcácer"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Portuguese",
                  "lang_code": "pt",
                  "word": "alcácer"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Old Galician-Portuguese",
              "lang_code": "roa-opt",
              "raw_tags": [
                "borrowed"
              ],
              "word": "alcaçar"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "Galician",
                  "lang_code": "gl",
                  "word": "alcácer"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Portuguese",
                  "lang_code": "pt",
                  "word": "alcácer"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Old Galician-Portuguese",
              "lang_code": "roa-opt",
              "raw_tags": [
                "borrowed"
              ],
              "word": "alcaçer"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "Spanish",
                  "lang_code": "es",
                  "word": "alcázar"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Old Spanish",
              "lang_code": "osp",
              "raw_tags": [
                "borrowed"
              ],
              "word": "alcaçar"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "Spanish",
                  "lang_code": "es",
                  "word": "alcázar"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Old Spanish",
              "lang_code": "osp",
              "raw_tags": [
                "borrowed"
              ],
              "word": "alcacer"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "Tajik",
                  "lang_code": "tg",
                  "roman": "qasr",
                  "word": "қаср"
                },
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "Turkish",
                      "lang_code": "tr",
                      "word": "kasır"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
                  "lang_code": "ota",
                  "raw_tags": [
                    "borrowed"
                  ],
                  "word": "قصر"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Uzbek",
                  "lang_code": "uz",
                  "raw_tags": [
                    "borrowed"
                  ],
                  "word": "qasr"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Persian",
              "lang_code": "fa",
              "raw_tags": [
                "borrowed"
              ],
              "roman": "qasr",
              "word": "قصر"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Sicilian",
              "lang_code": "scn",
              "raw_tags": [
                "borrowed"
              ],
              "word": "càssaru"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Swahili",
              "lang_code": "sw",
              "raw_tags": [
                "borrowed"
              ],
              "word": "kasri"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Uyghur",
              "lang_code": "ug",
              "raw_tags": [
                "borrowed"
              ],
              "roman": "qesir",
              "word": "قەسىر"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "lang_code": "ar",
          "raw_tags": [
            "borrowed"
          ],
          "roman": "qaṣr",
          "word": "قَصْر"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Aramaic",
      "lang_code": "arc",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "roman": "qaṣrā",
      "word": "ܩܰܨܪܳܐ"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Coptic",
              "lang_code": "cop",
              "raw_tags": [
                "borrowed"
              ],
              "roman": "kastrou",
              "word": "ⲕⲁⲥⲧⲣⲟⲩ"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Coptic",
              "lang_code": "cop",
              "raw_tags": [
                "borrowed"
              ],
              "roman": "kastron",
              "word": "ⲕⲁⲥⲧⲣⲟⲛ"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Aromanian",
              "lang_code": "rup",
              "raw_tags": [
                "borrowed"
              ],
              "word": "castru"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Greek",
          "lang_code": "el",
          "raw_tags": [
            "n"
          ],
          "roman": "kástro",
          "word": "κάστρο"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Byzantine Greek",
      "lang_code": "grc",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "roman": "kástron",
      "word": "κάστρον"
    },
    {
      "lang": "English",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "castrum"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Hebrew",
      "lang_code": "he",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "roman": "qəṣārā",
      "word": "קְצָרָה"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "-caster"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "-cester"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "-chester"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "Chester"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle English",
          "lang_code": "enm",
          "word": "Chestre"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Old English",
      "lang_code": "ang",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "ceaster"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "lang_code": "ro",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "castru"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "itc-pro:*kastrom<id:part>",
        "id": "fortress"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymon"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "itc-pro",
        "3": "*kastrom"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Italic *kastrom",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "*ḱes-",
        "3": "*-trom",
        "gloss1": "to cut, cut off, separate",
        "lang1": "ine-pro",
        "lang2": "ine-pro"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱes- (“to cut, cut off, separate”) + Proto-Indo-European *-trom",
      "name": "suffix"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "-trum"
      },
      "expansion": "-trum",
      "name": "af"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "शस्त्र",
        "t": "cutting tool, sword",
        "tr": "śastrá"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit शस्त्र (śastrá, “cutting tool, sword”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Italic *kastrom, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱes- (“to cut, cut off, separate”) + Proto-Indo-European *-trom (Latin -trum) (Watkins, 1969). Cognate with Sanskrit शस्त्र (śastrá, “cutting tool, sword”). See also castrō, careō.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "castrī",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "la-ndecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "castrum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "castra",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "castrī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "castrōrum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "castrō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "castrīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "castrum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "castra",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "castrō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "castrīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "castrum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "castra",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "castrum<2>"
      },
      "expansion": "castrum n (genitive castrī); second declension",
      "name": "la-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "castrum<2>"
      },
      "name": "la-ndecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "castle, fort, fortress"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "castle",
          "castle"
        ],
        [
          "fort",
          "fort"
        ],
        [
          "fortress",
          "fortress"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-2",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Latin terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Caesar, having disembarked his army and chosen a convenient place for the camp […]",
          "ref": "c. 52 BCE, Julius Caesar, Commentarii de Bello Gallico 5.9",
          "text": "Caesar exposito exercitu et loco castris idoneo capto […]",
          "translation": "Caesar, having disembarked his army and chosen a convenient place for the camp […]"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "several soldiers' tents situated together; hence, a military camp, an encampment"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "soldier",
          "soldier"
        ],
        [
          "tents",
          "tents"
        ],
        [
          "together",
          "together"
        ],
        [
          "military",
          "military"
        ],
        [
          "camp",
          "camp"
        ],
        [
          "encampment",
          "encampment"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(chiefly in the plural) several soldiers' tents situated together; hence, a military camp, an encampment"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-2",
        "in-plural",
        "neuter"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈkas.trũː]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈkas.trum]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "word": "castrum"
}

Download raw JSONL data for castrum meaning in Latin (11.6kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latin dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-12-23 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-12-02 using wiktextract (6fdc867 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.