See arbor in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "arborārius"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "arborātor"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "arborēscō"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "arborētum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "arboreus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "arbuscula"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "sacerarbōs"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Aromanian",
"lang_code": "rup",
"word": "arburi"
},
{
"lang": "Aromanian",
"lang_code": "rup",
"word": "arbure"
},
{
"lang": "Aromanian",
"lang_code": "rup",
"word": "arbur"
},
{
"lang": "Aromanian",
"lang_code": "rup",
"word": "oarbãri"
},
{
"lang": "Istro-Romanian",
"lang_code": "ruo",
"word": "årbure"
},
{
"lang": "Megleno-Romanian",
"lang_code": "ruq",
"word": "arbur"
},
{
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"raw_tags": [
"older"
],
"word": "arbure"
},
{
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"raw_tags": [
"newer",
"Latinized"
],
"word": "arbore"
}
],
"lang": "Balkan Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Corsican",
"lang_code": "co",
"word": "alberu"
},
{
"lang": "Dalmatian",
"lang_code": "dlm",
"word": "iuarbol"
},
{
"lang": "Istriot",
"lang_code": "ist",
"word": "arbaro"
},
{
"lang": "Istriot",
"lang_code": "ist",
"word": "arbo"
},
{
"lang": "Istriot",
"lang_code": "ist",
"word": "albero"
},
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"word": "arbore"
},
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"word": "albero"
},
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"raw_tags": [
"Rome"
],
"word": "arbero"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Gallurese",
"lang_code": "sdn",
"word": "alburi"
},
{
"lang": "Sassarese",
"lang_code": "sdc",
"word": "àiburu"
}
],
"lang": "Judeo-Italian",
"lang_code": "itk",
"roman": "ʔarəbelo",
"word": "אַרְבֵילוֹ"
},
{
"lang": "Neapolitan",
"lang_code": "nap",
"word": "arbero"
},
{
"lang": "Neapolitan",
"lang_code": "nap",
"word": "àrbero"
},
{
"lang": "Tarantino",
"lang_code": "roa-tar",
"word": "arvule"
},
{
"lang": "Tarantino",
"lang_code": "roa-tar",
"word": "àrvule"
},
{
"lang": "Sicilian",
"lang_code": "scn",
"word": "àrbiru"
},
{
"lang": "Sicilian",
"lang_code": "scn",
"word": "àrburu"
},
{
"lang": "Sicilian",
"lang_code": "scn",
"word": "àrvuru"
}
],
"lang": "Italo-Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Sardinian",
"lang_code": "sc",
"word": "arbore"
},
{
"lang": "Sardinian",
"lang_code": "sc",
"word": "arbure"
},
{
"lang": "Sardinian",
"lang_code": "sc",
"word": "albore"
},
{
"lang": "Sardinian",
"lang_code": "sc",
"word": "albure"
}
],
"lang": "Insular Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Emilian",
"lang_code": "egl",
"word": "àrbul"
},
{
"lang": "Emilian",
"lang_code": "egl",
"tags": [
"Bologna"
],
"word": "âlber"
},
{
"lang": "Emilian",
"lang_code": "egl",
"tags": [
"Modena"
],
"word": "élber"
},
{
"lang": "Emilian",
"lang_code": "egl",
"tags": [
"Mirandola"
],
"word": "àlbar"
},
{
"lang": "Ligurian",
"lang_code": "lij",
"word": "erboro"
},
{
"lang": "Ligurian",
"lang_code": "lij",
"word": "èrbo"
},
{
"lang": "Lombard",
"lang_code": "lmo",
"word": "erbor"
},
{
"lang": "Lombard",
"lang_code": "lmo",
"word": "àlbor"
},
{
"lang": "Piedmontese",
"lang_code": "pms",
"word": "erbo"
}
],
"lang": "Gallo-Italic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"lang": "Friulian",
"lang_code": "fur",
"word": "arbul"
},
{
"lang": "Ladin",
"lang_code": "lld",
"word": "alber"
},
{
"lang": "Romansh",
"lang_code": "rm",
"word": "arver"
},
{
"lang": "Romansh",
"lang_code": "rm",
"word": "alber"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Cimbrian",
"lang_code": "cim",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "albar"
}
],
"lang": "Venetan",
"lang_code": "vec",
"word": "àlbaro"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Cimbrian",
"lang_code": "cim",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "albar"
}
],
"lang": "Venetan",
"lang_code": "vec",
"word": "albaro"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Cimbrian",
"lang_code": "cim",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "albar"
}
],
"lang": "Venetan",
"lang_code": "vec",
"word": "àlber"
}
],
"lang": "North Italian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Franco-Provençal",
"lang_code": "frp",
"word": "ârbro"
},
{
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"word": "arbre"
}
],
"lang": "Gallo-Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"word": "arbre"
},
{
"lang": "Gascon",
"lang_code": "oc-gas",
"word": "arbe"
},
{
"lang": "Old Occitan",
"lang_code": "pro",
"word": "arbre"
}
],
"lang": "Occitano-Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Aragonese",
"lang_code": "an",
"word": "árbol"
},
{
"lang": "Aragonese",
"lang_code": "an",
"raw_tags": [
"Ribagorça"
],
"word": "abre"
},
{
"lang": "Old Leonese",
"lang_code": "roa-ole",
"word": "arbol"
},
{
"lang": "Old Leonese",
"lang_code": "roa-ole",
"word": "arbor"
},
{
"lang": "Old Leonese",
"lang_code": "roa-ole",
"word": "arvor"
},
{
"lang": "Old Leonese",
"lang_code": "roa-ole",
"word": "arvol"
},
{
"lang": "Old Galician-Portuguese",
"lang_code": "roa-opt",
"word": "arvor"
},
{
"lang": "Old Galician-Portuguese",
"lang_code": "roa-opt",
"word": "arvol"
},
{
"lang": "Old Galician-Portuguese",
"lang_code": "roa-opt",
"word": "arvore"
},
{
"lang": "Old Spanish",
"lang_code": "osp",
"word": "arbor"
},
{
"lang": "Old Spanish",
"lang_code": "osp",
"word": "arbol"
},
{
"lang": "Old Spanish",
"lang_code": "osp",
"word": "arvol"
}
],
"lang": "Ibero-Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Macedonian",
"lang_code": "mk",
"roman": "jarbol",
"word": "јарбол"
},
{
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"word": "ја̑рбол"
},
{
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"word": "jȃrbol"
},
{
"lang": "Slovene",
"lang_code": "sl",
"word": "jambor"
},
{
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "árbóc"
},
{
"lang": "Esperanto",
"lang_code": "eo",
"word": "arbo"
}
],
"lang": "→ Balkan Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "Borrowings",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": ":from",
"3": "itc-ola:arbōs",
"id": "tree",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₃er-\nProto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-\nProto-Indo-European *-eti\nProto-Indo-European *-dʰh₁eti\nProto-Indo-European *-dʰeti\nProto-Indo-European *h₃érdʰeti?\nProto-Indo-European *h₃erdʰ-\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Indo-European *-s\nProto-Indo-European *-ōs\nProto-Indo-European *h₃r̥dʰōs\nProto-Italic *arðōs\nOld Latin arbōs\nLatin arbor\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*arðōs\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Latin\", \"term\" : \"arbōs\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-ola\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"arbor\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }\" data-id=\"tree\" data-lang=\"la\" data-title=\"arbor\" id=\"Latin:_tree\">",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-ola",
"3": "arbōs"
},
"expansion": "Old Latin arbōs",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*arðōs"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *arðōs",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*h₃r̥dʰ-ōs"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₃r̥dʰ-ōs",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₃er-\nProto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-\nProto-Indo-European *-eti\nProto-Indo-European *-dʰh₁eti\nProto-Indo-European *-dʰeti\nProto-Indo-European *h₃érdʰeti?\nProto-Indo-European *h₃erdʰ-\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Indo-European *-s\nProto-Indo-European *-ōs\nProto-Indo-European *h₃r̥dʰōs\nProto-Italic *arðōs\nOld Latin arbōs\nLatin arbor\nBy rhotacism from Old Latin arbōs, from Proto-Italic *arðōs, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃r̥dʰ-ōs, from *h₃erdʰ- (“high; to grow”), meaning \"high upright plant\". Cognate with arduus (“high”). For whatever reason, Schrijver considers the connection \"doubtful.\"",
"forms": [
{
"form": "arboris",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "arbor",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "arborēs",
"links": [
[
"arborēs",
"arbores#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "arboris",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "arborum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "arborī",
"links": [
[
"arborī",
"arbori#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "arboribus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "arborem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "arborēs",
"links": [
[
"arborēs",
"arbores#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "arbore",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "arboribus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "arbor",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "arborēs",
"links": [
[
"arborēs",
"arbores#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "arbōs",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "arbor/arbor<3>",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "arbor f (genitive arboris); third declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "arbor/arbor<3>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "arbustīvus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "arbustō"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "arbustum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "arbustus"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "63 23 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 36 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 41 47",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 32 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin feminine nouns in the third declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 44 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "63 23 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "64 23 13",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Trees",
"orig": "la:Trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Meantime, his father at Tiber's flowing stream bathed his wounds in the clear water and his body leant against the trunk of a tree.",
"ref": "29 BCE – 19 BCE, Vergilius, Aeneis 10",
"text": "Interea genitor Tiberini ad fluminis undam / uulnera siccabat lymphis corpusque leuabat / arboris acclinis trunco",
"translation": "Meantime, his father at Tiber's flowing stream bathed his wounds in the clear water and his body leant against the trunk of a tree.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
6,
11
]
],
"english": "a fruit-bearing tree",
"text": "felix arbor",
"translation": "a fruit-bearing tree",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
7
]
],
"english": "to plant trees",
"text": "arbores serere",
"translation": "to plant trees",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
5
]
],
"english": "an alder tree",
"text": "arbor alni",
"translation": "an alder tree",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
7
]
],
"english": "fig trees",
"text": "arbores ficorum",
"translation": "fig trees",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a tree"
],
"id": "en-arbor-la-noun-N3JJD5Fv",
"links": [
[
"tree",
"tree"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin euphemisms",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin metonyms",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "32 36 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 41 47",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 32 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin feminine nouns in the third declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 44 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
6
]
],
"english": "the mast (of a ship)",
"text": "arbore mali",
"translation": "the mast (of a ship)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
11,
17
]
],
"english": "an oar",
"text": "centenaque arbore fluctum verberat adsurgens",
"translation": "an oar",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
7,
12
]
],
"english": "Pelias's ship, the ship Argo",
"text": "Pelias arbor",
"translation": "Pelias's ship, the ship Argo",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "(euphemistic)"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
5
]
],
"english": "a gallows, gibbet",
"text": "arbor infelix",
"translation": "a gallows, gibbet",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"something made from a tree, of wood"
],
"id": "en-arbor-la-noun-lLyj0NqF",
"links": [
[
"wood",
"wood"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(metonymic) something made from a tree, of wood"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "mālus"
},
{
"word": "iaculum"
},
{
"word": "pīlum"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"feminine",
"metonymically"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin metonyms",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "32 36 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 41 47",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 32 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin feminine nouns in the third declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 44 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"the polypus (imagined to have arms like the branches of a tree)"
],
"id": "en-arbor-la-noun-dvwNMnRa",
"links": [
[
"polypus",
"polypus"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(metonymic) the polypus (imagined to have arms like the branches of a tree)"
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"feminine",
"metonymically"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈar.bɔr]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈar.bor]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "arbor"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin 2-syllable words",
"Latin entries with etymology trees",
"Latin entries with etymon",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin feminine nouns",
"Latin feminine nouns in the third declension",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin nouns",
"Latin terms derived from Old Latin",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰeh₁-",
"Latin terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₃er-",
"Latin terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₃erdʰ-",
"Latin terms inherited from Old Latin",
"Latin terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Latin third declension nouns",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"la:Trees"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "arborārius"
},
{
"word": "arborātor"
},
{
"word": "arborēscō"
},
{
"word": "arborētum"
},
{
"word": "arboreus"
},
{
"word": "arbuscula"
},
{
"word": "sacerarbōs"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Aromanian",
"lang_code": "rup",
"word": "arburi"
},
{
"lang": "Aromanian",
"lang_code": "rup",
"word": "arbure"
},
{
"lang": "Aromanian",
"lang_code": "rup",
"word": "arbur"
},
{
"lang": "Aromanian",
"lang_code": "rup",
"word": "oarbãri"
},
{
"lang": "Istro-Romanian",
"lang_code": "ruo",
"word": "årbure"
},
{
"lang": "Megleno-Romanian",
"lang_code": "ruq",
"word": "arbur"
},
{
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"raw_tags": [
"older"
],
"word": "arbure"
},
{
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"raw_tags": [
"newer",
"Latinized"
],
"word": "arbore"
}
],
"lang": "Balkan Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Corsican",
"lang_code": "co",
"word": "alberu"
},
{
"lang": "Dalmatian",
"lang_code": "dlm",
"word": "iuarbol"
},
{
"lang": "Istriot",
"lang_code": "ist",
"word": "arbaro"
},
{
"lang": "Istriot",
"lang_code": "ist",
"word": "arbo"
},
{
"lang": "Istriot",
"lang_code": "ist",
"word": "albero"
},
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"word": "arbore"
},
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"word": "albero"
},
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"raw_tags": [
"Rome"
],
"word": "arbero"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Gallurese",
"lang_code": "sdn",
"word": "alburi"
},
{
"lang": "Sassarese",
"lang_code": "sdc",
"word": "àiburu"
}
],
"lang": "Judeo-Italian",
"lang_code": "itk",
"roman": "ʔarəbelo",
"word": "אַרְבֵילוֹ"
},
{
"lang": "Neapolitan",
"lang_code": "nap",
"word": "arbero"
},
{
"lang": "Neapolitan",
"lang_code": "nap",
"word": "àrbero"
},
{
"lang": "Tarantino",
"lang_code": "roa-tar",
"word": "arvule"
},
{
"lang": "Tarantino",
"lang_code": "roa-tar",
"word": "àrvule"
},
{
"lang": "Sicilian",
"lang_code": "scn",
"word": "àrbiru"
},
{
"lang": "Sicilian",
"lang_code": "scn",
"word": "àrburu"
},
{
"lang": "Sicilian",
"lang_code": "scn",
"word": "àrvuru"
}
],
"lang": "Italo-Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Sardinian",
"lang_code": "sc",
"word": "arbore"
},
{
"lang": "Sardinian",
"lang_code": "sc",
"word": "arbure"
},
{
"lang": "Sardinian",
"lang_code": "sc",
"word": "albore"
},
{
"lang": "Sardinian",
"lang_code": "sc",
"word": "albure"
}
],
"lang": "Insular Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Emilian",
"lang_code": "egl",
"word": "àrbul"
},
{
"lang": "Emilian",
"lang_code": "egl",
"tags": [
"Bologna"
],
"word": "âlber"
},
{
"lang": "Emilian",
"lang_code": "egl",
"tags": [
"Modena"
],
"word": "élber"
},
{
"lang": "Emilian",
"lang_code": "egl",
"tags": [
"Mirandola"
],
"word": "àlbar"
},
{
"lang": "Ligurian",
"lang_code": "lij",
"word": "erboro"
},
{
"lang": "Ligurian",
"lang_code": "lij",
"word": "èrbo"
},
{
"lang": "Lombard",
"lang_code": "lmo",
"word": "erbor"
},
{
"lang": "Lombard",
"lang_code": "lmo",
"word": "àlbor"
},
{
"lang": "Piedmontese",
"lang_code": "pms",
"word": "erbo"
}
],
"lang": "Gallo-Italic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"lang": "Friulian",
"lang_code": "fur",
"word": "arbul"
},
{
"lang": "Ladin",
"lang_code": "lld",
"word": "alber"
},
{
"lang": "Romansh",
"lang_code": "rm",
"word": "arver"
},
{
"lang": "Romansh",
"lang_code": "rm",
"word": "alber"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Cimbrian",
"lang_code": "cim",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "albar"
}
],
"lang": "Venetan",
"lang_code": "vec",
"word": "àlbaro"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Cimbrian",
"lang_code": "cim",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "albar"
}
],
"lang": "Venetan",
"lang_code": "vec",
"word": "albaro"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Cimbrian",
"lang_code": "cim",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "albar"
}
],
"lang": "Venetan",
"lang_code": "vec",
"word": "àlber"
}
],
"lang": "North Italian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Franco-Provençal",
"lang_code": "frp",
"word": "ârbro"
},
{
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"word": "arbre"
}
],
"lang": "Gallo-Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"word": "arbre"
},
{
"lang": "Gascon",
"lang_code": "oc-gas",
"word": "arbe"
},
{
"lang": "Old Occitan",
"lang_code": "pro",
"word": "arbre"
}
],
"lang": "Occitano-Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Aragonese",
"lang_code": "an",
"word": "árbol"
},
{
"lang": "Aragonese",
"lang_code": "an",
"raw_tags": [
"Ribagorça"
],
"word": "abre"
},
{
"lang": "Old Leonese",
"lang_code": "roa-ole",
"word": "arbol"
},
{
"lang": "Old Leonese",
"lang_code": "roa-ole",
"word": "arbor"
},
{
"lang": "Old Leonese",
"lang_code": "roa-ole",
"word": "arvor"
},
{
"lang": "Old Leonese",
"lang_code": "roa-ole",
"word": "arvol"
},
{
"lang": "Old Galician-Portuguese",
"lang_code": "roa-opt",
"word": "arvor"
},
{
"lang": "Old Galician-Portuguese",
"lang_code": "roa-opt",
"word": "arvol"
},
{
"lang": "Old Galician-Portuguese",
"lang_code": "roa-opt",
"word": "arvore"
},
{
"lang": "Old Spanish",
"lang_code": "osp",
"word": "arbor"
},
{
"lang": "Old Spanish",
"lang_code": "osp",
"word": "arbol"
},
{
"lang": "Old Spanish",
"lang_code": "osp",
"word": "arvol"
}
],
"lang": "Ibero-Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Macedonian",
"lang_code": "mk",
"roman": "jarbol",
"word": "јарбол"
},
{
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"word": "ја̑рбол"
},
{
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"word": "jȃrbol"
},
{
"lang": "Slovene",
"lang_code": "sl",
"word": "jambor"
},
{
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "árbóc"
},
{
"lang": "Esperanto",
"lang_code": "eo",
"word": "arbo"
}
],
"lang": "→ Balkan Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "Borrowings",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": ":from",
"3": "itc-ola:arbōs",
"id": "tree",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₃er-\nProto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-\nProto-Indo-European *-eti\nProto-Indo-European *-dʰh₁eti\nProto-Indo-European *-dʰeti\nProto-Indo-European *h₃érdʰeti?\nProto-Indo-European *h₃erdʰ-\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Indo-European *-s\nProto-Indo-European *-ōs\nProto-Indo-European *h₃r̥dʰōs\nProto-Italic *arðōs\nOld Latin arbōs\nLatin arbor\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*arðōs\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Latin\", \"term\" : \"arbōs\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-ola\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"arbor\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }\" data-id=\"tree\" data-lang=\"la\" data-title=\"arbor\" id=\"Latin:_tree\">",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-ola",
"3": "arbōs"
},
"expansion": "Old Latin arbōs",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*arðōs"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *arðōs",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*h₃r̥dʰ-ōs"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₃r̥dʰ-ōs",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₃er-\nProto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-\nProto-Indo-European *-eti\nProto-Indo-European *-dʰh₁eti\nProto-Indo-European *-dʰeti\nProto-Indo-European *h₃érdʰeti?\nProto-Indo-European *h₃erdʰ-\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Indo-European *-s\nProto-Indo-European *-ōs\nProto-Indo-European *h₃r̥dʰōs\nProto-Italic *arðōs\nOld Latin arbōs\nLatin arbor\nBy rhotacism from Old Latin arbōs, from Proto-Italic *arðōs, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃r̥dʰ-ōs, from *h₃erdʰ- (“high; to grow”), meaning \"high upright plant\". Cognate with arduus (“high”). For whatever reason, Schrijver considers the connection \"doubtful.\"",
"forms": [
{
"form": "arboris",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "arbor",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "arborēs",
"links": [
[
"arborēs",
"arbores#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "arboris",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "arborum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "arborī",
"links": [
[
"arborī",
"arbori#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "arboribus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "arborem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "arborēs",
"links": [
[
"arborēs",
"arbores#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "arbore",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "arboribus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "arbor",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "arborēs",
"links": [
[
"arborēs",
"arbores#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "arbōs",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "arbor/arbor<3>",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "arbor f (genitive arboris); third declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "arbor/arbor<3>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "arbustīvus"
},
{
"word": "arbustō"
},
{
"word": "arbustum"
},
{
"word": "arbustus"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latin terms with quotations",
"Latin terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Meantime, his father at Tiber's flowing stream bathed his wounds in the clear water and his body leant against the trunk of a tree.",
"ref": "29 BCE – 19 BCE, Vergilius, Aeneis 10",
"text": "Interea genitor Tiberini ad fluminis undam / uulnera siccabat lymphis corpusque leuabat / arboris acclinis trunco",
"translation": "Meantime, his father at Tiber's flowing stream bathed his wounds in the clear water and his body leant against the trunk of a tree.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
6,
11
]
],
"english": "a fruit-bearing tree",
"text": "felix arbor",
"translation": "a fruit-bearing tree",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
7
]
],
"english": "to plant trees",
"text": "arbores serere",
"translation": "to plant trees",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
5
]
],
"english": "an alder tree",
"text": "arbor alni",
"translation": "an alder tree",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
7
]
],
"english": "fig trees",
"text": "arbores ficorum",
"translation": "fig trees",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a tree"
],
"links": [
[
"tree",
"tree"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latin euphemisms",
"Latin metonyms",
"Latin terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
6
]
],
"english": "the mast (of a ship)",
"text": "arbore mali",
"translation": "the mast (of a ship)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
11,
17
]
],
"english": "an oar",
"text": "centenaque arbore fluctum verberat adsurgens",
"translation": "an oar",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
7,
12
]
],
"english": "Pelias's ship, the ship Argo",
"text": "Pelias arbor",
"translation": "Pelias's ship, the ship Argo",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "(euphemistic)"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
5
]
],
"english": "a gallows, gibbet",
"text": "arbor infelix",
"translation": "a gallows, gibbet",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"something made from a tree, of wood"
],
"links": [
[
"wood",
"wood"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(metonymic) something made from a tree, of wood"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "mālus"
},
{
"word": "iaculum"
},
{
"word": "pīlum"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"feminine",
"metonymically"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latin metonyms"
],
"glosses": [
"the polypus (imagined to have arms like the branches of a tree)"
],
"links": [
[
"polypus",
"polypus"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(metonymic) the polypus (imagined to have arms like the branches of a tree)"
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"feminine",
"metonymically"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈar.bɔr]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈar.bor]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "arbor"
}
Download raw JSONL data for arbor meaning in Latin (13.0kB)
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <ref> not properly closed",
"path": [
"arbor"
],
"section": "Latin",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "arbor",
"trace": "started on line 2, detected on line 2"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </ref>",
"path": [
"arbor"
],
"section": "Latin",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "arbor",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latin dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-09 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (ccec6f1 and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.