See apis in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Insular Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sc",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Sardinian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sardinian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sc-src",
"2": "abe"
},
"expansion": "Logudorese: abe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Logudorese: abe"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sc-nuo",
"2": "ape"
},
"expansion": "Nuorese: ape",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Nuorese: ape"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sc-sro",
"2": "abi"
},
"expansion": "Campidanese: abi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Campidanese: abi"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Italo-Dalmatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "co",
"2": "apa",
"3": "aba",
"4": "abba"
},
"expansion": "Corsican: apa, aba, abba",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Corsican: apa, aba, abba"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dlm",
"2": "juopa",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Dalmatian: juopa, juop, yuopa, yuop, iuopa, iuop",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dalmatian: juopa, juop, yuopa, yuop, iuopa, iuop"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "ape"
},
"expansion": "Italian: ape",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Italian: ape"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nap",
"2": "apa",
"3": "lapa"
},
"expansion": "Neapolitan: apa, lapa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Neapolitan: apa, lapa"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sdc",
"2": "abi",
"3": "aba"
},
"expansion": "Sassarese: abi, aba",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sassarese: abi, aba"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "lapa"
},
"expansion": "Sicilian: lapa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sicilian: lapa"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vec",
"2": "ava"
},
"expansion": "Venetan: ava",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Venetan: ava"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Rhaeto-Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fur",
"2": "âf",
"3": "âv"
},
"expansion": "Friulian: âf, âv",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Friulian: âf, âv"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lld",
"2": "eva",
"3": "ê"
},
"expansion": "Ladin: eva, ê",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ladin: eva, ê"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Gallo-Italic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "egl",
"2": "èv"
},
"expansion": "Emilian: èv",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Emilian: èv"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pms",
"2": "aif"
},
"expansion": "Piedmontese: aif",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Piedmontese: aif"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rgn",
"2": "êva",
"3": "eva",
"qq2": "Ville Unite"
},
"expansion": "Romagnol: êva, eva (Ville Unite)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romagnol: êva, eva (Ville Unite)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Gallo-Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frp",
"2": "âp"
},
"expansion": "Franco-Provençal: âp",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Franco-Provençal: âp"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oc-gas",
"2": "aps"
},
"expansion": "Gascon: aps",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gascon: aps"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "ef"
},
"expansion": "Old French: ef, e, ep\nPicard: é",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old French: ef, e, ep\nPicard: é"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la"
},
"expansion": "Uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*bʰey-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰey-",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*e/a(m)p-i-",
"5": "stinging insect; bee"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *e/a(m)p-i- (“stinging insect; bee”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Imme",
"3": "",
"4": "bee; swarm of bees"
},
"expansion": "German Imme (“bee; swarm of bees”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "imbe"
},
"expansion": "Old English imbe",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἐμπίς",
"3": "",
"4": "a stinging or biting insect"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek ἐμπίς (empís, “a stinging or biting insect”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "qfa-sub"
},
"expansion": "substrate",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "sem",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Semitic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "egy",
"2": "ꜥfj",
"3": "",
"4": "bee"
},
"expansion": "Egyptian ꜥfj (“bee”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-sbl"
},
"expansion": "Osco-Umbrian",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "qu"
},
"expansion": "qu",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "/p/"
},
"expansion": "/p/",
"name": "ic"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Uncertain. Any connection with Proto-Indo-European *bʰey-, which gave instead fūcus (“drone”), is phonetically impossible. Traditionally hypothesized as from Proto-Indo-European *e/a(m)p-i- (“stinging insect; bee”), related to German Imme (“bee; swarm of bees”), Old English imbe and Ancient Greek ἐμπίς (empís, “a stinging or biting insect”). However, it has characteristics of a European substrate word.\nAccording to Vennemann’s Atlantic substrate theory, the ultimate source may be a Semitic word cognate with Egyptian ꜥfj (“bee”), though no attested Semitic cognates survive. De Vaan finds this plausible. Another hypothesis suggests an Osco-Umbrian loan from an original *akuis (“sharp, stinging”), as the Osco-Umbrian reflex of Proto-Indo-European labiovelar */kʷ/ that gives Latin ⟨qu⟩ is regularly /p/; compare aqui- (“sharp”) in aquifolius, aquilinus.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "apis",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "apis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "apēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "apis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "apum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "apium",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "apī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "apibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "apem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "apēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "apīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ape",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "apibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "apis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "apēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "apēs",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "apis<3>",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "apis f (genitive apis); third declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "apis<3>",
"gen_pl": "apum/apium"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin feminine nouns in the third declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Undetermined language links",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Undetermined links with redundant target parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Insects",
"orig": "la:Insects",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "apiāgo"
},
{
"word": "apian"
},
{
"word": "apiānus"
},
{
"word": "apiārium"
},
{
"word": "apiārius"
},
{
"word": "apiastra"
},
{
"word": "apīcius"
},
{
"word": "apicola"
},
{
"word": "apicula"
},
{
"word": "apium"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Or as the bees, when they have found plants to plunder of their honey, hover hither and thither among the thyme and the flowers.",
"ref": "2 CE, Ovid, The Art of Love 1.95",
"text": "Aut ut apēs saltūsque suōs et olentia nactae / pāscua per flōrēs et thyma summa volant."
}
],
"glosses": [
"a bee"
],
"id": "en-apis-la-noun-~GkDcQcW",
"links": [
[
"bee",
"bee"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "crabro"
},
{
"word": "mel"
},
{
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "vespa"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"feminine"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Atlantic substrate",
"Theo Vennemann"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈa.pɪs]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈaː.pis]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "apis"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "apiāgo"
},
{
"word": "apian"
},
{
"word": "apiānus"
},
{
"word": "apiārium"
},
{
"word": "apiārius"
},
{
"word": "apiastra"
},
{
"word": "apīcius"
},
{
"word": "apicola"
},
{
"word": "apicula"
},
{
"word": "apium"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Insular Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sc",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Sardinian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sardinian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sc-src",
"2": "abe"
},
"expansion": "Logudorese: abe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Logudorese: abe"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sc-nuo",
"2": "ape"
},
"expansion": "Nuorese: ape",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Nuorese: ape"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sc-sro",
"2": "abi"
},
"expansion": "Campidanese: abi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Campidanese: abi"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Italo-Dalmatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "co",
"2": "apa",
"3": "aba",
"4": "abba"
},
"expansion": "Corsican: apa, aba, abba",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Corsican: apa, aba, abba"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dlm",
"2": "juopa",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Dalmatian: juopa, juop, yuopa, yuop, iuopa, iuop",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dalmatian: juopa, juop, yuopa, yuop, iuopa, iuop"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "ape"
},
"expansion": "Italian: ape",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Italian: ape"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nap",
"2": "apa",
"3": "lapa"
},
"expansion": "Neapolitan: apa, lapa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Neapolitan: apa, lapa"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sdc",
"2": "abi",
"3": "aba"
},
"expansion": "Sassarese: abi, aba",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sassarese: abi, aba"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "lapa"
},
"expansion": "Sicilian: lapa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sicilian: lapa"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vec",
"2": "ava"
},
"expansion": "Venetan: ava",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Venetan: ava"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Rhaeto-Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fur",
"2": "âf",
"3": "âv"
},
"expansion": "Friulian: âf, âv",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Friulian: âf, âv"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lld",
"2": "eva",
"3": "ê"
},
"expansion": "Ladin: eva, ê",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ladin: eva, ê"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Gallo-Italic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "egl",
"2": "èv"
},
"expansion": "Emilian: èv",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Emilian: èv"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pms",
"2": "aif"
},
"expansion": "Piedmontese: aif",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Piedmontese: aif"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rgn",
"2": "êva",
"3": "eva",
"qq2": "Ville Unite"
},
"expansion": "Romagnol: êva, eva (Ville Unite)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romagnol: êva, eva (Ville Unite)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Gallo-Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frp",
"2": "âp"
},
"expansion": "Franco-Provençal: âp",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Franco-Provençal: âp"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oc-gas",
"2": "aps"
},
"expansion": "Gascon: aps",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gascon: aps"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "ef"
},
"expansion": "Old French: ef, e, ep\nPicard: é",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old French: ef, e, ep\nPicard: é"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la"
},
"expansion": "Uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*bʰey-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰey-",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*e/a(m)p-i-",
"5": "stinging insect; bee"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *e/a(m)p-i- (“stinging insect; bee”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Imme",
"3": "",
"4": "bee; swarm of bees"
},
"expansion": "German Imme (“bee; swarm of bees”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "imbe"
},
"expansion": "Old English imbe",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἐμπίς",
"3": "",
"4": "a stinging or biting insect"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek ἐμπίς (empís, “a stinging or biting insect”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "qfa-sub"
},
"expansion": "substrate",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "sem",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Semitic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "egy",
"2": "ꜥfj",
"3": "",
"4": "bee"
},
"expansion": "Egyptian ꜥfj (“bee”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-sbl"
},
"expansion": "Osco-Umbrian",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "qu"
},
"expansion": "qu",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "/p/"
},
"expansion": "/p/",
"name": "ic"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Uncertain. Any connection with Proto-Indo-European *bʰey-, which gave instead fūcus (“drone”), is phonetically impossible. Traditionally hypothesized as from Proto-Indo-European *e/a(m)p-i- (“stinging insect; bee”), related to German Imme (“bee; swarm of bees”), Old English imbe and Ancient Greek ἐμπίς (empís, “a stinging or biting insect”). However, it has characteristics of a European substrate word.\nAccording to Vennemann’s Atlantic substrate theory, the ultimate source may be a Semitic word cognate with Egyptian ꜥfj (“bee”), though no attested Semitic cognates survive. De Vaan finds this plausible. Another hypothesis suggests an Osco-Umbrian loan from an original *akuis (“sharp, stinging”), as the Osco-Umbrian reflex of Proto-Indo-European labiovelar */kʷ/ that gives Latin ⟨qu⟩ is regularly /p/; compare aqui- (“sharp”) in aquifolius, aquilinus.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "apis",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "apis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "apēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "apis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "apum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "apium",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "apī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "apibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "apem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "apēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "apīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ape",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "apibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "apis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "apēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "apēs",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "apis<3>",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "apis f (genitive apis); third declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "apis<3>",
"gen_pl": "apum/apium"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "crabro"
},
{
"word": "mel"
},
{
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "vespa"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latin 2-syllable words",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin feminine nouns",
"Latin feminine nouns in the third declension",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin nouns",
"Latin terms borrowed from Osco-Umbrian languages",
"Latin terms derived from Osco-Umbrian languages",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms derived from Semitic languages",
"Latin terms derived from substrate languages",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Latin terms with quotations",
"Latin terms with unknown etymologies",
"Latin third declension nouns",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Undetermined language links",
"Undetermined links with redundant target parameters",
"la:Insects"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Or as the bees, when they have found plants to plunder of their honey, hover hither and thither among the thyme and the flowers.",
"ref": "2 CE, Ovid, The Art of Love 1.95",
"text": "Aut ut apēs saltūsque suōs et olentia nactae / pāscua per flōrēs et thyma summa volant."
}
],
"glosses": [
"a bee"
],
"links": [
[
"bee",
"bee"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"feminine"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Atlantic substrate",
"Theo Vennemann"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈa.pɪs]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈaː.pis]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "apis"
}
Download raw JSONL data for apis meaning in Latin (8.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latin dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-07-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-07-01 using wiktextract (45c4a21 and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.