"-ulum" meaning in Latin

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  "etymology_text": "Functions as a phonologically conditioned alternative form (allomorph) of the suffix -culum, from Proto-Indo-European *-tlom. It possibly developed from a phonological rule that deleted the initial stop of the suffix when it came after a stop, or from simplification of geminates (e.g. *spek-tlo- > *spek-klo-). However, Sen 2015 argues that instrumental ending -ulum is derived from the neuter of the etymologically distinct suffix -ulus (found in some agent nouns, such as figulus (“potter”)) from Proto-Italic *-elos. Compare the feminine variant -ula.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "-ulī",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
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      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
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        "table-tags"
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      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
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    },
    {
      "form": "-ulum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
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    {
      "form": "-ula",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
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      "form": "-ulī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ulōrum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ulō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ulīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ulum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ula",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ulō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ulīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ulum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
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      "form": "-ula",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
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        "1": "-ulum<2>"
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      "args": {
        "1": "-ulum<2>"
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  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "suffix",
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    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "51 34 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
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        },
        {
          "_dis": "66 25 9",
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        },
        {
          "_dis": "75 17 8",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "amicio + -ulum → amiculum",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "specio + -ulum → speculum",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "cingo + -ulum → cingulum",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Used to form a noun of instrument or means from a verb."
      ],
      "id": "en--ulum-la-suffix-~WeLklnM",
      "links": [
        [
          "noun",
          "noun#English"
        ]
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        "declension-2",
        "morpheme",
        "neuter"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ʊ.ɫũː]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[u.lum]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Oxford University Press"
  ],
  "word": "-ulum"
}

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          "word": "-ulus"
        }
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        "inflection of -ulus:",
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      ],
      "id": "en--ulum-la-suffix-N1gKuHnQ",
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        [
          "-ulus",
          "-ulus#Latin"
        ]
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        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
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          "word": "-ulus"
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        "inflection of -ulus:",
        "accusative masculine singular"
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        [
          "-ulus",
          "-ulus#Latin"
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        "singular"
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    }
  ],
  "word": "-ulum"
}

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    "Latin neuter suffixes",
    "Latin neuter suffixes in the second declension",
    "Latin non-lemma forms",
    "Latin noun-forming suffixes",
    "Latin second declension suffixes",
    "Latin suffix forms",
    "Latin suffixes",
    "Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic",
    "Latin terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic",
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        "3": "*-tlom"
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      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-tlom",
      "name": "der"
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  ],
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  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "-ulī",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
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    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
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    },
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      "form": "la-ndecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
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    },
    {
      "form": "-ulum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ula",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
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      "form": "-ulī",
      "source": "declension",
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        "genitive",
        "singular"
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      "form": "-ulōrum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
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      "form": "-ulō",
      "source": "declension",
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        "dative",
        "singular"
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      "form": "-ulīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
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    {
      "form": "-ulum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
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    {
      "form": "-ula",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
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    {
      "form": "-ulō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ulīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ulum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
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      "form": "-ula",
      "source": "declension",
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        "plural",
        "vocative"
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      "args": {
        "1": "-ulum<2>"
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  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "suffix",
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    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "amicio + -ulum → amiculum",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "specio + -ulum → speculum",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "cingo + -ulum → cingulum",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Used to form a noun of instrument or means from a verb."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "noun",
          "noun#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-2",
        "morpheme",
        "neuter"
      ]
    }
  ],
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    {
      "ipa": "[ʊ.ɫũː]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[u.lum]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Oxford University Press"
  ],
  "word": "-ulum"
}

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  "lang_code": "la",
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        "inflection of -ulus:",
        "nominative/accusative/vocative neuter singular"
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          "-ulus",
          "-ulus#Latin"
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          "-ulus",
          "-ulus#Latin"
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}