See 鶴 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for 鶴 meaning in Japanese (28.7kB)
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Common kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "“Jōyō” kanji",
"tags": [
"common"
]
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"id": "en-鶴-ja-character-47DEQpj8",
"tags": [
"kanji",
"no-gloss"
]
}
],
"word": "鶴"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "Tsuruoka",
"ruby": [
[
"鶴",
"つる"
],
[
"岡",
"おか"
]
],
"word": "鶴岡"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "Tsurugajō",
"ruby": [
[
"鶴",
"つる"
],
[
"城",
"じょう"
]
],
"word": "鶴ヶ城"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tsurukame",
"ruby": [
[
"鶴",
"つる"
],
[
"亀",
"かめ"
]
],
"word": "鶴亀"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "鶴首"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tsurukubi",
"word": "鶴頸"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "Tsuruzō",
"ruby": [
[
"鶴",
"つる"
],
[
"三",
"ぞう"
]
],
"word": "鶴三"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tsuru no imashime",
"ruby": [
[
"鶴",
"つる"
],
[
"戒",
"いまし"
]
],
"word": "鶴の戒め"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tsuru no kegoromo",
"ruby": [
[
"鶴",
"つる"
],
[
"毛",
"け"
],
[
"衣",
"ごろも"
]
],
"word": "鶴の毛衣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tsurunoko",
"ruby": [
[
"鶴",
"つる"
],
[
"子",
"こ"
]
],
"word": "鶴の子"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tsuru no mago",
"ruby": [
[
"鶴",
"つる"
],
[
"孫",
"まご"
]
],
"word": "鶴の孫"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tsuru no maru",
"ruby": [
[
"鶴",
"つる"
],
[
"丸",
"まる"
]
],
"word": "鶴の丸"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tsuruhagi",
"ruby": [
[
"鶴",
"つる"
],
[
"脛",
"はぎ"
]
],
"word": "鶴脛"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tsuruhashi",
"ruby": [
[
"鶴",
"つる"
],
[
"嘴",
"はし"
]
],
"word": "鶴嘴"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tsurubuchi",
"ruby": [
[
"鶴",
"つる"
],
[
"斑",
"ぶち"
]
],
"word": "鶴斑"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tsurumodoki",
"ruby": [
[
"鶴",
"ツル"
],
[
"擬",
"モドキ"
]
],
"word": "鶴擬"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "Tsuruya",
"ruby": [
[
"鶴",
"つる"
],
[
"屋",
"や"
]
],
"word": "鶴屋"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "anehazuru",
"ruby": [
[
"姉",
"アネ"
],
[
"羽",
"ハ"
],
[
"鶴",
"ヅル"
]
],
"word": "姉羽鶴"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "orizuru",
"ruby": [
[
"折",
"おり"
],
[
"鶴",
"づる"
]
],
"word": "折鶴"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "kōzuru",
"ruby": [
[
"鸛",
"こう"
],
[
"鶴",
"づる"
]
],
"word": "鸛鶴"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "shiratsuru",
"ruby": [
[
"白",
"しら"
],
[
"鶴",
"つる"
]
],
"word": "白鶴"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "senbazuru",
"ruby": [
[
"千",
"せん"
],
[
"羽",
"ば"
],
[
"鶴",
"づる"
]
],
"word": "千羽鶴"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "kurozuru",
"ruby": [
[
"黒",
"クロ"
],
[
"鶴",
"ヅル"
]
],
"word": "黒鶴"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tanchōzuru",
"ruby": [
[
"丹",
"たん"
],
[
"頂",
"ちょう"
],
[
"鶴",
"づる"
]
],
"word": "丹頂鶴"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tomozuru",
"ruby": [
[
"友",
"とも"
],
[
"鶴",
"づる"
]
],
"word": "友鶴"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "nabezuru",
"ruby": [
[
"鍋",
"ナベ"
],
[
"鶴",
"ヅル"
]
],
"word": "鍋鶴"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "hikizuru",
"ruby": [
[
"引",
"ひ"
],
[
"鶴",
"づる"
]
],
"word": "引き鶴"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "benizuru",
"ruby": [
[
"紅",
"ベニ"
],
[
"鶴",
"ヅル"
]
],
"word": "紅鶴"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "真鶴"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "manazuru",
"word": "真名鶴"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "manbazuru",
"ruby": [
[
"万",
"まん"
],
[
"羽",
"ば"
],
[
"鶴",
"づる"
]
],
"word": "万羽鶴"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "yūzuru",
"ruby": [
[
"夕",
"ゆう"
],
[
"鶴",
"づる"
]
],
"word": "夕鶴"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "yoru no tsuru",
"ruby": [
[
"夜",
"よる"
],
[
"鶴",
"つる"
]
],
"word": "夜の鶴"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "",
"3": "鶴",
"tr": "tsuru, tazu"
},
"expansion": "鶴 (tsuru, tazu)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Gruidae"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "Commonscat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "",
"3": "鶴",
"tr": "tsuru"
},
"expansion": "鶴 (tsuru)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Origami crane"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "Commonscat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "",
"3": "鶴",
"tr": "tsuru"
},
"expansion": "鶴 (tsuru)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "鶴の丸",
"3": "tsuru no maru"
},
"expansion": "tsuru no maru",
"name": "ll"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "家紋",
"3": "",
"4": "family crests",
"tr": "kamon"
},
"expansion": "家紋 (kamon, “family crests”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Tsuru mon (Japanese crests of crane)"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "Commonscat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "蔓",
"3": "",
"4": "vine",
"tr": "tsuru"
},
"expansion": "蔓 (tsuru, “vine”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "弦",
"3": "",
"4": "bowstring; musical instrument string",
"tr": "tsuru"
},
"expansion": "弦 (tsuru, “bowstring; musical instrument string”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "釣る"
},
"expansion": "釣る",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "釣る",
"2": "",
"3": ""
},
"expansion": "釣る",
"name": "ja-l/helper"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "釣る"
},
"expansion": "釣る",
"name": "ja-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "吊る",
"3": "",
"4": "to hang down; to string up; to fish",
"tr": "tsuru"
},
"expansion": "吊る (tsuru, “to hang down; to string up; to fish”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "連る",
"tr": "tsuru"
},
"expansion": "連る (tsuru)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "連れる",
"3": "",
"4": "to accompany",
"tr": "tsureru"
},
"expansion": "連れる (tsureru, “to accompany”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "連る"
},
"expansion": "連る",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "連る",
"2": "",
"3": ""
},
"expansion": "連る",
"name": "ja-l/helper"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "連る"
},
"expansion": "連る",
"name": "ja-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "蔓",
"3": "",
"4": "vine",
"tr": "tsuru"
},
"expansion": "蔓 (tsuru, “vine”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "두루미",
"3": "",
"4": "crane"
},
"expansion": "Korean 두루미 (durumi, “crane”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fiu-pro",
"2": "*tërka",
"3": "",
"4": "crane"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finno-Ugric *tërka (“crane”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "*turunya",
"3": "",
"4": "crane"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Turkic *turunya (“crane”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "turna"
},
"expansion": "Turkish turna",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mn",
"2": "тогоруу",
"3": "",
"4": "crane"
},
"expansion": "Mongolian тогоруу (togoruu, “crane”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "",
"3": "鶴"
},
"expansion": "鶴",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"nodots": "1"
},
"expansion": "CE",
"name": "C.E."
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "CE",
"name": "CE"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "借訓",
"tr": "shakkun"
},
"expansion": "借訓 (shakkun)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ojp",
"2": "",
"3": "つる",
"tr": "turu → tsuru"
},
"expansion": "つる (turu → tsuru)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "連体形",
"3": "",
"4": "attributive form",
"tr": "rentaikei"
},
"expansion": "連体形 (rentaikei, “attributive form”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": ",",
"name": ","
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ojp",
"2": "つ",
"3": "",
"pos": "auxiliary verb of affirmation, certainty, or completion",
"tr": "tu → tsu"
},
"expansion": "つ (tu → tsu, auxiliary verb of affirmation, certainty, or completion)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Given a crane's long neck and how the bird hunts, possibly related to 蔓 (tsuru, “vine”); 弦 (tsuru, “bowstring; musical instrument string”); 釣る, 吊る (tsuru, “to hang down; to string up; to fish”). Given how cranes flock together, possibly related also to 連る (tsuru), older root form of modern verb 連れる (tsureru, “to accompany”). That said, 連る also appears to ultimately derive from 蔓 (tsuru, “vine”).\nVovin (2008) considers it possibly related to an ancestor of Korean 두루미 (durumi, “crane”), with a root-final -m vanishing later, leaving only a Kansai accent pattern behind. May ultimately be a regional Wanderwort. Compare also Proto-Finno-Ugric *tërka (“crane”), and Proto-Turkic *turunya (“crane”) (whence Turkish turna), Mongolian тогоруу (togoruu, “crane”).\nThe reading tsuru is first seen used to mean “a crane” from the late Heian period. Prior to that time, the only reading used for the bird was tazu. However, the kanji 鶴 was used in the Man'yōshū (759 CE) as a 借訓 (shakkun) reading for つる (turu → tsuru), the 連体形 (rentaikei, “attributive form”) of つ (tu → tsu, auxiliary verb of affirmation, certainty, or completion), suggesting that tsuru may have already existed as an everyday term meaning “a crane”.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "鶴",
"ruby": [
[
"鶴",
"つる"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "鶴",
"ruby": [
[
"鶴",
"ツル"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "tsuru",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "つる",
"2": "ツル"
},
"expansion": "鶴(つる) or 鶴(ツル) • (tsuru)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"proverbs": [
{
"roman": "tsuru kyūkō ni naki koe ten ni kikoyu",
"ruby": [
[
"鶴",
"つる"
],
[
"九",
"きゅう"
],
[
"皐",
"こう"
],
[
"鳴",
"な"
],
[
"声",
"こえ"
],
[
"天",
"てん"
],
[
"聞",
"き"
]
],
"word": "鶴九皐に鳴き声天に聞こゆ"
},
{
"roman": "tsuru wa sennen kame wa mannen",
"ruby": [
[
"鶴",
"つる"
],
[
"千",
"せん"
],
[
"年",
"ねん"
],
[
"亀",
"かめ"
],
[
"万",
"まん"
],
[
"年",
"ねん"
]
],
"word": "鶴は千年亀は万年"
}
],
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tsuru kitaru",
"ruby": [
[
"鶴",
"つる"
],
[
"来",
"きた"
]
],
"word": "鶴来る"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tsuru no hitokoe",
"ruby": [
[
"鶴",
"つる"
],
[
"一",
"ひと"
],
[
"声",
"こえ"
]
],
"word": "鶴の一声"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "frozen crane → a metaphor for something stock still and unmoving, from the way a crane will freeze when hunting",
"roman": "itezuru",
"ruby": [
[
"凍",
"い"
],
[
"鶴",
"づる"
]
],
"word": "凍て鶴"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "ko o omō tsuru",
"ruby": [
[
"子",
"こ"
],
[
"思",
"おも"
],
[
"鶴",
"つる"
]
],
"word": "子を思う鶴"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "chirizuka ni tsuru",
"ruby": [
[
"塵",
"ちり"
],
[
"塚",
"づか"
],
[
"鶴",
"つる"
]
],
"word": "塵塚に鶴"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "hakidame ni tsuru",
"ruby": [
[
"掃",
"は"
],
[
"溜",
"だ"
],
[
"鶴",
"つる"
]
],
"word": "掃き溜めに鶴"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"a crane (large, long-legged and long-necked bird of the family Gruidae)"
],
"id": "en-鶴-ja-noun-mlS-MDz-",
"links": [
[
"crane",
"crane"
],
[
"large",
"large#English"
],
[
"long",
"long#English"
],
[
"legged",
"legged#English"
],
[
"necked",
"necked#English"
],
[
"bird",
"bird#English"
],
[
"family",
"family#English"
],
[
"Gruidae",
"Gruidae#Translingual"
]
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "(orizuru): a paper crane, the archetypical origami design",
"word": "折鶴"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "9 1 0 16 6 10 13 10 8 2 17 10",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "ja",
"name": "Cranes (birds)",
"orig": "ja:Cranes (birds)",
"parents": [
"Gruiforms",
"Freshwater birds",
"Birds",
"Vertebrates",
"Chordates",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Short for 折鶴 (orizuru): a paper crane, the archetypical origami design"
],
"id": "en-鶴-ja-noun-JJwFawms",
"links": [
[
"折鶴",
"折鶴#Japanese"
],
[
"paper",
"paper"
],
[
"crane",
"crane"
],
[
"archetypical",
"archetypical"
],
[
"origami",
"origami"
],
[
"design",
"design"
]
],
"tags": [
"abbreviation",
"alt-of"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "(tsuruhashi): a pickaxe",
"word": "鶴嘴"
}
],
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"Short for 鶴嘴 (tsuruhashi): a pickaxe"
],
"id": "en-鶴-ja-noun-lmx9ybki",
"links": [
[
"鶴嘴",
"鶴嘴#Japanese"
],
[
"pickaxe",
"pickaxe"
]
],
"tags": [
"abbreviation",
"alt-of"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a 家紋 (kamon, “family crest”) depicting a crane"
],
"id": "en-鶴-ja-noun-gDntcllW",
"links": [
[
"家紋",
"家紋#Japanese"
],
[
"family",
"family"
],
[
"crest",
"crest"
],
[
"depict",
"depict"
],
[
"crane",
"crane"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese euphemisms",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"white hair"
],
"id": "en-鶴-ja-noun--3tVE3E2",
"links": [
[
"white",
"white"
],
[
"hair",
"hair"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(euphemistic) white hair"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "白髪"
}
],
"tags": [
"euphemistic"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "9 1 0 16 6 10 13 10 8 2 17 10",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "ja",
"name": "Cranes (birds)",
"orig": "ja:Cranes (birds)",
"parents": [
"Gruiforms",
"Freshwater birds",
"Birds",
"Vertebrates",
"Chordates",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a decoration made of straws and reeds in the form of two cranes, used during the 14th year of the first month in the former town of Sakurajima, Kagoshima Prefecture"
],
"id": "en-鶴-ja-noun-V-B7OPxy",
"links": [
[
"decoration",
"decoration"
],
[
"made",
"make"
],
[
"straw",
"straw"
],
[
"reed",
"reed"
],
[
"town",
"town"
],
[
"Sakurajima",
"Sakurajima"
],
[
"Kagoshima",
"Kagoshima"
],
[
"Prefecture",
"prefecture"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "つる"
},
{
"ipa": "[t͡sɨᵝɾɯ̟ᵝ]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"ja:ツル"
],
"word": "鶴"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "",
"3": "鶴",
"tr": "tsuru, tazu"
},
"expansion": "鶴 (tsuru, tazu)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Gruidae"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "Commonscat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "",
"3": "鶴",
"tr": "tsuru"
},
"expansion": "鶴 (tsuru)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Origami crane"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "Commonscat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "",
"3": "鶴",
"tr": "tsuru"
},
"expansion": "鶴 (tsuru)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "鶴の丸",
"3": "tsuru no maru"
},
"expansion": "tsuru no maru",
"name": "ll"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "家紋",
"3": "",
"4": "family crests",
"tr": "kamon"
},
"expansion": "家紋 (kamon, “family crests”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Tsuru mon (Japanese crests of crane)"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "Commonscat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "蔓",
"3": "",
"4": "vine",
"tr": "tsuru"
},
"expansion": "蔓 (tsuru, “vine”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "弦",
"3": "",
"4": "bowstring; musical instrument string",
"tr": "tsuru"
},
"expansion": "弦 (tsuru, “bowstring; musical instrument string”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "釣る"
},
"expansion": "釣る",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "釣る",
"2": "",
"3": ""
},
"expansion": "釣る",
"name": "ja-l/helper"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "釣る"
},
"expansion": "釣る",
"name": "ja-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "吊る",
"3": "",
"4": "to hang down; to string up; to fish",
"tr": "tsuru"
},
"expansion": "吊る (tsuru, “to hang down; to string up; to fish”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "連る",
"tr": "tsuru"
},
"expansion": "連る (tsuru)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "連れる",
"3": "",
"4": "to accompany",
"tr": "tsureru"
},
"expansion": "連れる (tsureru, “to accompany”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "連る"
},
"expansion": "連る",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "連る",
"2": "",
"3": ""
},
"expansion": "連る",
"name": "ja-l/helper"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "連る"
},
"expansion": "連る",
"name": "ja-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "蔓",
"3": "",
"4": "vine",
"tr": "tsuru"
},
"expansion": "蔓 (tsuru, “vine”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "두루미",
"3": "",
"4": "crane"
},
"expansion": "Korean 두루미 (durumi, “crane”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fiu-pro",
"2": "*tërka",
"3": "",
"4": "crane"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finno-Ugric *tërka (“crane”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "*turunya",
"3": "",
"4": "crane"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Turkic *turunya (“crane”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "turna"
},
"expansion": "Turkish turna",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mn",
"2": "тогоруу",
"3": "",
"4": "crane"
},
"expansion": "Mongolian тогоруу (togoruu, “crane”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "",
"3": "鶴"
},
"expansion": "鶴",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"nodots": "1"
},
"expansion": "CE",
"name": "C.E."
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "CE",
"name": "CE"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "借訓",
"tr": "shakkun"
},
"expansion": "借訓 (shakkun)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ojp",
"2": "",
"3": "つる",
"tr": "turu → tsuru"
},
"expansion": "つる (turu → tsuru)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "連体形",
"3": "",
"4": "attributive form",
"tr": "rentaikei"
},
"expansion": "連体形 (rentaikei, “attributive form”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": ",",
"name": ","
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ojp",
"2": "つ",
"3": "",
"pos": "auxiliary verb of affirmation, certainty, or completion",
"tr": "tu → tsu"
},
"expansion": "つ (tu → tsu, auxiliary verb of affirmation, certainty, or completion)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Given a crane's long neck and how the bird hunts, possibly related to 蔓 (tsuru, “vine”); 弦 (tsuru, “bowstring; musical instrument string”); 釣る, 吊る (tsuru, “to hang down; to string up; to fish”). Given how cranes flock together, possibly related also to 連る (tsuru), older root form of modern verb 連れる (tsureru, “to accompany”). That said, 連る also appears to ultimately derive from 蔓 (tsuru, “vine”).\nVovin (2008) considers it possibly related to an ancestor of Korean 두루미 (durumi, “crane”), with a root-final -m vanishing later, leaving only a Kansai accent pattern behind. May ultimately be a regional Wanderwort. Compare also Proto-Finno-Ugric *tërka (“crane”), and Proto-Turkic *turunya (“crane”) (whence Turkish turna), Mongolian тогоруу (togoruu, “crane”).\nThe reading tsuru is first seen used to mean “a crane” from the late Heian period. Prior to that time, the only reading used for the bird was tazu. However, the kanji 鶴 was used in the Man'yōshū (759 CE) as a 借訓 (shakkun) reading for つる (turu → tsuru), the 連体形 (rentaikei, “attributive form”) of つ (tu → tsu, auxiliary verb of affirmation, certainty, or completion), suggesting that tsuru may have already existed as an everyday term meaning “a crane”.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "鶴",
"ruby": [
[
"鶴",
"つる"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "Tsuru",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "proper",
"2": "つる"
},
"expansion": "鶴(つる) • (Tsuru)",
"name": "ja-pos"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"name": "Japanese female given names",
"parents": [
"Female given names",
"Given names",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"name": "Japanese given names",
"parents": [
"Given names",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0 8 5 1 0 18 7 6 12 12 7 2 11 6 0 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with raw sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 0 59 15 3 5 3 3 1 8 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese affixes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 0 0 20 7 6 15 15 7 4 13 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 1 0 18 8 8 11 11 6 7 11 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 1 0 21 9 5 13 13 6 8 12 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 0 23 7 7 15 13 7 3 14 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 1 0 22 9 6 13 12 6 7 12 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 1 0 21 9 5 13 12 6 8 11 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 1 0 20 9 5 13 13 6 7 12 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 1 0 16 6 10 13 10 8 2 17 10",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "ja",
"name": "Cranes (birds)",
"orig": "ja:Cranes (birds)",
"parents": [
"Gruiforms",
"Freshwater birds",
"Birds",
"Vertebrates",
"Chordates",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a female given name"
],
"id": "en-鶴-ja-name-pLhOhtoi",
"links": [
[
"given name",
"given name"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese surnames",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a surname"
],
"id": "en-鶴-ja-name-v2O7m9sM",
"links": [
[
"surname",
"surname"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "つる"
},
{
"ipa": "[t͡sɨᵝɾɯ̟ᵝ]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"ja:ツル"
],
"word": "鶴"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ojp",
"3": "-",
"sort": "たず"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "田",
"3": "",
"4": "rice paddy"
},
"expansion": "田 (“rice paddy”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "",
"3": "",
"alt1": "た",
"alt2": "つ",
"pos1": "possibly <i class=\"Jpan mention\" lang=\"ja\">田</i> (“rice paddy”), where cranes are known to hunt",
"pos2": "uncertain, possibly “a large bird”",
"sort": "たず",
"tr1": "ta",
"tr2": "*tsu"
},
"expansion": "た (ta, possibly 田 (“rice paddy”), where cranes are known to hunt) + つ (*tsu, uncertain, possibly “a large bird”)",
"name": "com"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "modern"
},
"expansion": "modern",
"name": "upright"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "連濁"
},
"expansion": "連濁",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tsu",
"2": "dzu, modern zu,",
"nocaps": "1",
"sort": "たず"
},
"expansion": "the tsu changes to dzu, modern zu, as an instance of rendaku (連濁).",
"name": "rendaku2"
}
],
"etymology_text": "/tadu/ → /tad͡zu/ → /tazu/\nFrom Old Japanese.\nSpeculatively, this could be analyzed as a compound of た (ta, possibly 田 (“rice paddy”), where cranes are known to hunt) + つ (*tsu, uncertain, possibly “a large bird”), wherein the tsu changes to dzu, modern zu, as an instance of rendaku (連濁). This tsu may be the tsu in modern tsuru above.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "鶴",
"ruby": [
[
"鶴",
"たず"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "tazu",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "tadu",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "たづ",
"roman": "tadu",
"tags": [
"hiragana",
"historical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "たず",
"hhira": "たづ"
},
"expansion": "鶴(たず) • (tazu) ^(←たづ (tadu)?)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with rendaku",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "crane; reed crane; ashi tazu, poetic; literally in reference to the way the birds will often hide among the reeds",
"ruby": [
[
"葦",
"あし"
],
[
"田",
"た"
],
[
"鶴",
"ず"
]
],
"word": "葦田鶴"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a crane (large, long-legged and long-necked bird of the family Gruidae)"
],
"id": "en-鶴-ja-noun-mlS-MDz-1",
"links": [
[
"poetic",
"poetic"
],
[
"crane",
"crane"
],
[
"large",
"large#English"
],
[
"long",
"long#English"
],
[
"legged",
"legged#English"
],
[
"necked",
"necked#English"
],
[
"bird",
"bird#English"
],
[
"family",
"family#English"
],
[
"Gruidae",
"Gruidae#Translingual"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic, poetic) a crane (large, long-legged and long-necked bird of the family Gruidae)"
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"poetic"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "たず"
},
{
"ipa": "[ta̠zɨᵝ]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"ja:大辞林",
"ja:松村明"
],
"word": "鶴"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kakuga",
"ruby": [
[
"鶴",
"かく"
],
[
"駕",
"が"
]
],
"word": "鶴駕"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "Kakkin",
"ruby": [
[
"鶴",
"かっ"
],
[
"禁",
"きん"
]
],
"word": "鶴禁"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kakushitsu",
"ruby": [
[
"鶴",
"かく"
],
[
"膝",
"しつ"
]
],
"word": "鶴膝"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kakushu",
"ruby": [
[
"鶴",
"かく"
],
[
"首",
"しゅ"
]
],
"word": "鶴首"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kakuju",
"ruby": [
[
"鶴",
"かく"
],
[
"寿",
"じゅ"
]
],
"word": "鶴寿"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kakusho",
"ruby": [
[
"鶴",
"かく"
],
[
"書",
"しょ"
]
],
"word": "鶴書"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kakushō",
"ruby": [
[
"鶴",
"かく"
],
[
"氅",
"しょう"
]
],
"word": "鶴氅"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kakuhatsu",
"ruby": [
[
"鶴",
"かく"
],
[
"髪",
"はつ"
]
],
"word": "鶴髪"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kakubō",
"ruby": [
[
"鶴",
"かく"
],
[
"望",
"ぼう"
]
],
"word": "鶴望"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kakuyoku",
"ruby": [
[
"鶴",
"かく"
],
[
"翼",
"よく"
]
],
"word": "鶴翼"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "Kakurin",
"ruby": [
[
"鶴",
"かく"
],
[
"林",
"りん"
]
],
"word": "鶴林"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kakurei",
"ruby": [
[
"鶴",
"かく"
],
[
"唳",
"れい"
]
],
"word": "鶴唳"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "unkaku",
"ruby": [
[
"雲",
"うん"
],
[
"鶴",
"かく"
]
],
"word": "雲鶴"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kikaku",
"ruby": [
[
"亀",
"き"
],
[
"鶴",
"かく"
]
],
"word": "亀鶴"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "gunkaku",
"ruby": [
[
"群",
"ぐん"
],
[
"鶴",
"かく"
]
],
"word": "群鶴"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "genkaku",
"ruby": [
[
"玄",
"げん"
],
[
"鶴",
"かく"
]
],
"word": "玄鶴"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kōkaku",
"ruby": [
[
"皐",
"こう"
],
[
"鶴",
"かく"
]
],
"word": "皐鶴"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kōkaku",
"ruby": [
[
"皓",
"こう"
],
[
"鶴",
"かく"
]
],
"word": "皓鶴"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "Saikaku",
"ruby": [
[
"西",
"さい"
],
[
"鶴",
"かく"
]
],
"word": "西鶴"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "hakkaku",
"ruby": [
[
"白",
"はっ"
],
[
"鶴",
"かく"
]
],
"word": "白鶴"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "yakaku",
"ruby": [
[
"夜",
"や"
],
[
"鶴",
"かく"
]
],
"word": "夜鶴"
}
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-",
"sort": "かく"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "鶴"
},
"expansion": "鶴 (MC hak)",
"name": "ltc-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cmn",
"2": "鶴",
"tr": "hè"
},
"expansion": "Mandarin 鶴／鹤 (hè)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Chinese 鶴 (MC hak).\nCompare modern Mandarin 鶴／鹤 (hè).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "鶴",
"ruby": [
[
"鶴",
"かく"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kaku",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "affix",
"2": "かく"
},
"expansion": "鶴(かく) • (kaku)",
"name": "ja-pos"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "affix",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "keigun no ikkaku",
"ruby": [
[
"鶏",
"けい"
],
[
"群",
"ぐん"
],
[
"一",
"いっ"
],
[
"鶴",
"かく"
]
],
"word": "鶏群の一鶴"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"crane (large bird of the family Gruidae)"
],
"id": "en-鶴-ja-affix-OfcV7Mcn",
"links": [
[
"crane",
"crane"
],
[
"large",
"large#English"
],
[
"bird",
"bird#English"
],
[
"family",
"family#English"
],
[
"Gruidae",
"Gruidae#Translingual"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"cranelike"
],
"id": "en-鶴-ja-affix-nwmF3ICP",
"links": [
[
"cranelike",
"cranelike"
]
]
}
],
"word": "鶴"
}
{
"categories": [
"Common kanji",
"Japanese Han characters",
"Japanese affixes",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Japanese kanji with goon reading がく",
"Japanese kanji with historical kun reading たづ",
"Japanese kanji with historical kun reading つる",
"Japanese kanji with kan'on reading かく",
"Japanese kanji with kun reading たず",
"Japanese kanji with kun reading つる",
"Japanese kanji with nanori reading ず",
"Japanese kanji with nanori reading つ",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese single-kanji terms",
"Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with 鶴",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant transliterations",
"Japanese terms written with one Han script character",
"Pages with raw sortkeys",
"ja:Cranes (birds)"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "“Jōyō” kanji",
"tags": [
"common"
]
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"tags": [
"kanji",
"no-gloss"
]
}
],
"word": "鶴"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese affixes",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese proper nouns",
"Japanese single-kanji terms",
"Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with 鶴",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with one Han script character",
"Pages with raw sortkeys",
"ja:Cranes (birds)"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "Tsuruoka",
"ruby": [
[
"鶴",
"つる"
],
[
"岡",
"おか"
]
],
"word": "鶴岡"
},
{
"roman": "Tsurugajō",
"ruby": [
[
"鶴",
"つる"
],
[
"城",
"じょう"
]
],
"word": "鶴ヶ城"
},
{
"roman": "tsurukame",
"ruby": [
[
"鶴",
"つる"
],
[
"亀",
"かめ"
]
],
"word": "鶴亀"
},
{
"word": "鶴首"
},
{
"roman": "tsurukubi",
"word": "鶴頸"
},
{
"roman": "Tsuruzō",
"ruby": [
[
"鶴",
"つる"
],
[
"三",
"ぞう"
]
],
"word": "鶴三"
},
{
"roman": "tsuru no imashime",
"ruby": [
[
"鶴",
"つる"
],
[
"戒",
"いまし"
]
],
"word": "鶴の戒め"
},
{
"roman": "tsuru no kegoromo",
"ruby": [
[
"鶴",
"つる"
],
[
"毛",
"け"
],
[
"衣",
"ごろも"
]
],
"word": "鶴の毛衣"
},
{
"roman": "tsurunoko",
"ruby": [
[
"鶴",
"つる"
],
[
"子",
"こ"
]
],
"word": "鶴の子"
},
{
"roman": "tsuru no mago",
"ruby": [
[
"鶴",
"つる"
],
[
"孫",
"まご"
]
],
"word": "鶴の孫"
},
{
"roman": "tsuru no maru",
"ruby": [
[
"鶴",
"つる"
],
[
"丸",
"まる"
]
],
"word": "鶴の丸"
},
{
"roman": "tsuruhagi",
"ruby": [
[
"鶴",
"つる"
],
[
"脛",
"はぎ"
]
],
"word": "鶴脛"
},
{
"roman": "tsuruhashi",
"ruby": [
[
"鶴",
"つる"
],
[
"嘴",
"はし"
]
],
"word": "鶴嘴"
},
{
"roman": "tsurubuchi",
"ruby": [
[
"鶴",
"つる"
],
[
"斑",
"ぶち"
]
],
"word": "鶴斑"
},
{
"roman": "tsurumodoki",
"ruby": [
[
"鶴",
"ツル"
],
[
"擬",
"モドキ"
]
],
"word": "鶴擬"
},
{
"roman": "Tsuruya",
"ruby": [
[
"鶴",
"つる"
],
[
"屋",
"や"
]
],
"word": "鶴屋"
},
{
"roman": "anehazuru",
"ruby": [
[
"姉",
"アネ"
],
[
"羽",
"ハ"
],
[
"鶴",
"ヅル"
]
],
"word": "姉羽鶴"
},
{
"roman": "orizuru",
"ruby": [
[
"折",
"おり"
],
[
"鶴",
"づる"
]
],
"word": "折鶴"
},
{
"roman": "kōzuru",
"ruby": [
[
"鸛",
"こう"
],
[
"鶴",
"づる"
]
],
"word": "鸛鶴"
},
{
"roman": "shiratsuru",
"ruby": [
[
"白",
"しら"
],
[
"鶴",
"つる"
]
],
"word": "白鶴"
},
{
"roman": "senbazuru",
"ruby": [
[
"千",
"せん"
],
[
"羽",
"ば"
],
[
"鶴",
"づる"
]
],
"word": "千羽鶴"
},
{
"roman": "kurozuru",
"ruby": [
[
"黒",
"クロ"
],
[
"鶴",
"ヅル"
]
],
"word": "黒鶴"
},
{
"roman": "tanchōzuru",
"ruby": [
[
"丹",
"たん"
],
[
"頂",
"ちょう"
],
[
"鶴",
"づる"
]
],
"word": "丹頂鶴"
},
{
"roman": "tomozuru",
"ruby": [
[
"友",
"とも"
],
[
"鶴",
"づる"
]
],
"word": "友鶴"
},
{
"roman": "nabezuru",
"ruby": [
[
"鍋",
"ナベ"
],
[
"鶴",
"ヅル"
]
],
"word": "鍋鶴"
},
{
"roman": "hikizuru",
"ruby": [
[
"引",
"ひ"
],
[
"鶴",
"づる"
]
],
"word": "引き鶴"
},
{
"roman": "benizuru",
"ruby": [
[
"紅",
"ベニ"
],
[
"鶴",
"ヅル"
]
],
"word": "紅鶴"
},
{
"word": "真鶴"
},
{
"roman": "manazuru",
"word": "真名鶴"
},
{
"roman": "manbazuru",
"ruby": [
[
"万",
"まん"
],
[
"羽",
"ば"
],
[
"鶴",
"づる"
]
],
"word": "万羽鶴"
},
{
"roman": "yūzuru",
"ruby": [
[
"夕",
"ゆう"
],
[
"鶴",
"づる"
]
],
"word": "夕鶴"
},
{
"roman": "yoru no tsuru",
"ruby": [
[
"夜",
"よる"
],
[
"鶴",
"つる"
]
],
"word": "夜の鶴"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "",
"3": "鶴",
"tr": "tsuru, tazu"
},
"expansion": "鶴 (tsuru, tazu)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Gruidae"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "Commonscat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "",
"3": "鶴",
"tr": "tsuru"
},
"expansion": "鶴 (tsuru)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Origami crane"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "Commonscat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "",
"3": "鶴",
"tr": "tsuru"
},
"expansion": "鶴 (tsuru)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "鶴の丸",
"3": "tsuru no maru"
},
"expansion": "tsuru no maru",
"name": "ll"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "家紋",
"3": "",
"4": "family crests",
"tr": "kamon"
},
"expansion": "家紋 (kamon, “family crests”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Tsuru mon (Japanese crests of crane)"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "Commonscat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "蔓",
"3": "",
"4": "vine",
"tr": "tsuru"
},
"expansion": "蔓 (tsuru, “vine”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "弦",
"3": "",
"4": "bowstring; musical instrument string",
"tr": "tsuru"
},
"expansion": "弦 (tsuru, “bowstring; musical instrument string”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "釣る"
},
"expansion": "釣る",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "釣る",
"2": "",
"3": ""
},
"expansion": "釣る",
"name": "ja-l/helper"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "釣る"
},
"expansion": "釣る",
"name": "ja-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "吊る",
"3": "",
"4": "to hang down; to string up; to fish",
"tr": "tsuru"
},
"expansion": "吊る (tsuru, “to hang down; to string up; to fish”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "連る",
"tr": "tsuru"
},
"expansion": "連る (tsuru)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "連れる",
"3": "",
"4": "to accompany",
"tr": "tsureru"
},
"expansion": "連れる (tsureru, “to accompany”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "連る"
},
"expansion": "連る",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "連る",
"2": "",
"3": ""
},
"expansion": "連る",
"name": "ja-l/helper"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "連る"
},
"expansion": "連る",
"name": "ja-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "蔓",
"3": "",
"4": "vine",
"tr": "tsuru"
},
"expansion": "蔓 (tsuru, “vine”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "두루미",
"3": "",
"4": "crane"
},
"expansion": "Korean 두루미 (durumi, “crane”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fiu-pro",
"2": "*tërka",
"3": "",
"4": "crane"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finno-Ugric *tërka (“crane”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "*turunya",
"3": "",
"4": "crane"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Turkic *turunya (“crane”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "turna"
},
"expansion": "Turkish turna",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mn",
"2": "тогоруу",
"3": "",
"4": "crane"
},
"expansion": "Mongolian тогоруу (togoruu, “crane”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "",
"3": "鶴"
},
"expansion": "鶴",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"nodots": "1"
},
"expansion": "CE",
"name": "C.E."
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "CE",
"name": "CE"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "借訓",
"tr": "shakkun"
},
"expansion": "借訓 (shakkun)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ojp",
"2": "",
"3": "つる",
"tr": "turu → tsuru"
},
"expansion": "つる (turu → tsuru)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "連体形",
"3": "",
"4": "attributive form",
"tr": "rentaikei"
},
"expansion": "連体形 (rentaikei, “attributive form”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": ",",
"name": ","
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ojp",
"2": "つ",
"3": "",
"pos": "auxiliary verb of affirmation, certainty, or completion",
"tr": "tu → tsu"
},
"expansion": "つ (tu → tsu, auxiliary verb of affirmation, certainty, or completion)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Given a crane's long neck and how the bird hunts, possibly related to 蔓 (tsuru, “vine”); 弦 (tsuru, “bowstring; musical instrument string”); 釣る, 吊る (tsuru, “to hang down; to string up; to fish”). Given how cranes flock together, possibly related also to 連る (tsuru), older root form of modern verb 連れる (tsureru, “to accompany”). That said, 連る also appears to ultimately derive from 蔓 (tsuru, “vine”).\nVovin (2008) considers it possibly related to an ancestor of Korean 두루미 (durumi, “crane”), with a root-final -m vanishing later, leaving only a Kansai accent pattern behind. May ultimately be a regional Wanderwort. Compare also Proto-Finno-Ugric *tërka (“crane”), and Proto-Turkic *turunya (“crane”) (whence Turkish turna), Mongolian тогоруу (togoruu, “crane”).\nThe reading tsuru is first seen used to mean “a crane” from the late Heian period. Prior to that time, the only reading used for the bird was tazu. However, the kanji 鶴 was used in the Man'yōshū (759 CE) as a 借訓 (shakkun) reading for つる (turu → tsuru), the 連体形 (rentaikei, “attributive form”) of つ (tu → tsu, auxiliary verb of affirmation, certainty, or completion), suggesting that tsuru may have already existed as an everyday term meaning “a crane”.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "鶴",
"ruby": [
[
"鶴",
"つる"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "鶴",
"ruby": [
[
"鶴",
"ツル"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "tsuru",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "つる",
"2": "ツル"
},
"expansion": "鶴(つる) or 鶴(ツル) • (tsuru)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"proverbs": [
{
"roman": "tsuru kyūkō ni naki koe ten ni kikoyu",
"ruby": [
[
"鶴",
"つる"
],
[
"九",
"きゅう"
],
[
"皐",
"こう"
],
[
"鳴",
"な"
],
[
"声",
"こえ"
],
[
"天",
"てん"
],
[
"聞",
"き"
]
],
"word": "鶴九皐に鳴き声天に聞こゆ"
},
{
"roman": "tsuru wa sennen kame wa mannen",
"ruby": [
[
"鶴",
"つる"
],
[
"千",
"せん"
],
[
"年",
"ねん"
],
[
"亀",
"かめ"
],
[
"万",
"まん"
],
[
"年",
"ねん"
]
],
"word": "鶴は千年亀は万年"
}
],
"related": [
{
"roman": "tsuru kitaru",
"ruby": [
[
"鶴",
"つる"
],
[
"来",
"きた"
]
],
"word": "鶴来る"
},
{
"roman": "tsuru no hitokoe",
"ruby": [
[
"鶴",
"つる"
],
[
"一",
"ひと"
],
[
"声",
"こえ"
]
],
"word": "鶴の一声"
},
{
"english": "frozen crane → a metaphor for something stock still and unmoving, from the way a crane will freeze when hunting",
"roman": "itezuru",
"ruby": [
[
"凍",
"い"
],
[
"鶴",
"づる"
]
],
"word": "凍て鶴"
},
{
"roman": "ko o omō tsuru",
"ruby": [
[
"子",
"こ"
],
[
"思",
"おも"
],
[
"鶴",
"つる"
]
],
"word": "子を思う鶴"
},
{
"roman": "chirizuka ni tsuru",
"ruby": [
[
"塵",
"ちり"
],
[
"塚",
"づか"
],
[
"鶴",
"つる"
]
],
"word": "塵塚に鶴"
},
{
"roman": "hakidame ni tsuru",
"ruby": [
[
"掃",
"は"
],
[
"溜",
"だ"
],
[
"鶴",
"つる"
]
],
"word": "掃き溜めに鶴"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"a crane (large, long-legged and long-necked bird of the family Gruidae)"
],
"links": [
[
"crane",
"crane"
],
[
"large",
"large#English"
],
[
"long",
"long#English"
],
[
"legged",
"legged#English"
],
[
"necked",
"necked#English"
],
[
"bird",
"bird#English"
],
[
"family",
"family#English"
],
[
"Gruidae",
"Gruidae#Translingual"
]
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "(orizuru): a paper crane, the archetypical origami design",
"word": "折鶴"
}
],
"categories": [
"Japanese short forms",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys"
],
"glosses": [
"Short for 折鶴 (orizuru): a paper crane, the archetypical origami design"
],
"links": [
[
"折鶴",
"折鶴#Japanese"
],
[
"paper",
"paper"
],
[
"crane",
"crane"
],
[
"archetypical",
"archetypical"
],
[
"origami",
"origami"
],
[
"design",
"design"
]
],
"tags": [
"abbreviation",
"alt-of"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "(tsuruhashi): a pickaxe",
"word": "鶴嘴"
}
],
"categories": [
"Japanese short forms"
],
"glosses": [
"Short for 鶴嘴 (tsuruhashi): a pickaxe"
],
"links": [
[
"鶴嘴",
"鶴嘴#Japanese"
],
[
"pickaxe",
"pickaxe"
]
],
"tags": [
"abbreviation",
"alt-of"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a 家紋 (kamon, “family crest”) depicting a crane"
],
"links": [
[
"家紋",
"家紋#Japanese"
],
[
"family",
"family"
],
[
"crest",
"crest"
],
[
"depict",
"depict"
],
[
"crane",
"crane"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Japanese euphemisms",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys"
],
"glosses": [
"white hair"
],
"links": [
[
"white",
"white"
],
[
"hair",
"hair"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(euphemistic) white hair"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "白髪"
}
],
"tags": [
"euphemistic"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a decoration made of straws and reeds in the form of two cranes, used during the 14th year of the first month in the former town of Sakurajima, Kagoshima Prefecture"
],
"links": [
[
"decoration",
"decoration"
],
[
"made",
"make"
],
[
"straw",
"straw"
],
[
"reed",
"reed"
],
[
"town",
"town"
],
[
"Sakurajima",
"Sakurajima"
],
[
"Kagoshima",
"Kagoshima"
],
[
"Prefecture",
"prefecture"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "つる"
},
{
"ipa": "[t͡sɨᵝɾɯ̟ᵝ]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"ja:ツル"
],
"word": "鶴"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese affixes",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese proper nouns",
"Japanese single-kanji terms",
"Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with 鶴",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with one Han script character",
"Pages with raw sortkeys",
"ja:Cranes (birds)"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "",
"3": "鶴",
"tr": "tsuru, tazu"
},
"expansion": "鶴 (tsuru, tazu)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Gruidae"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "Commonscat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "",
"3": "鶴",
"tr": "tsuru"
},
"expansion": "鶴 (tsuru)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Origami crane"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "Commonscat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "",
"3": "鶴",
"tr": "tsuru"
},
"expansion": "鶴 (tsuru)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "鶴の丸",
"3": "tsuru no maru"
},
"expansion": "tsuru no maru",
"name": "ll"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "家紋",
"3": "",
"4": "family crests",
"tr": "kamon"
},
"expansion": "家紋 (kamon, “family crests”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Tsuru mon (Japanese crests of crane)"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "Commonscat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "蔓",
"3": "",
"4": "vine",
"tr": "tsuru"
},
"expansion": "蔓 (tsuru, “vine”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "弦",
"3": "",
"4": "bowstring; musical instrument string",
"tr": "tsuru"
},
"expansion": "弦 (tsuru, “bowstring; musical instrument string”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "釣る"
},
"expansion": "釣る",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "釣る",
"2": "",
"3": ""
},
"expansion": "釣る",
"name": "ja-l/helper"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "釣る"
},
"expansion": "釣る",
"name": "ja-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "吊る",
"3": "",
"4": "to hang down; to string up; to fish",
"tr": "tsuru"
},
"expansion": "吊る (tsuru, “to hang down; to string up; to fish”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "連る",
"tr": "tsuru"
},
"expansion": "連る (tsuru)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "連れる",
"3": "",
"4": "to accompany",
"tr": "tsureru"
},
"expansion": "連れる (tsureru, “to accompany”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "連る"
},
"expansion": "連る",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "連る",
"2": "",
"3": ""
},
"expansion": "連る",
"name": "ja-l/helper"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "連る"
},
"expansion": "連る",
"name": "ja-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "蔓",
"3": "",
"4": "vine",
"tr": "tsuru"
},
"expansion": "蔓 (tsuru, “vine”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "두루미",
"3": "",
"4": "crane"
},
"expansion": "Korean 두루미 (durumi, “crane”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fiu-pro",
"2": "*tërka",
"3": "",
"4": "crane"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finno-Ugric *tërka (“crane”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "*turunya",
"3": "",
"4": "crane"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Turkic *turunya (“crane”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "turna"
},
"expansion": "Turkish turna",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mn",
"2": "тогоруу",
"3": "",
"4": "crane"
},
"expansion": "Mongolian тогоруу (togoruu, “crane”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "",
"3": "鶴"
},
"expansion": "鶴",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"nodots": "1"
},
"expansion": "CE",
"name": "C.E."
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "CE",
"name": "CE"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "借訓",
"tr": "shakkun"
},
"expansion": "借訓 (shakkun)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ojp",
"2": "",
"3": "つる",
"tr": "turu → tsuru"
},
"expansion": "つる (turu → tsuru)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "連体形",
"3": "",
"4": "attributive form",
"tr": "rentaikei"
},
"expansion": "連体形 (rentaikei, “attributive form”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": ",",
"name": ","
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ojp",
"2": "つ",
"3": "",
"pos": "auxiliary verb of affirmation, certainty, or completion",
"tr": "tu → tsu"
},
"expansion": "つ (tu → tsu, auxiliary verb of affirmation, certainty, or completion)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Given a crane's long neck and how the bird hunts, possibly related to 蔓 (tsuru, “vine”); 弦 (tsuru, “bowstring; musical instrument string”); 釣る, 吊る (tsuru, “to hang down; to string up; to fish”). Given how cranes flock together, possibly related also to 連る (tsuru), older root form of modern verb 連れる (tsureru, “to accompany”). That said, 連る also appears to ultimately derive from 蔓 (tsuru, “vine”).\nVovin (2008) considers it possibly related to an ancestor of Korean 두루미 (durumi, “crane”), with a root-final -m vanishing later, leaving only a Kansai accent pattern behind. May ultimately be a regional Wanderwort. Compare also Proto-Finno-Ugric *tërka (“crane”), and Proto-Turkic *turunya (“crane”) (whence Turkish turna), Mongolian тогоруу (togoruu, “crane”).\nThe reading tsuru is first seen used to mean “a crane” from the late Heian period. Prior to that time, the only reading used for the bird was tazu. However, the kanji 鶴 was used in the Man'yōshū (759 CE) as a 借訓 (shakkun) reading for つる (turu → tsuru), the 連体形 (rentaikei, “attributive form”) of つ (tu → tsu, auxiliary verb of affirmation, certainty, or completion), suggesting that tsuru may have already existed as an everyday term meaning “a crane”.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "鶴",
"ruby": [
[
"鶴",
"つる"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "Tsuru",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "proper",
"2": "つる"
},
"expansion": "鶴(つる) • (Tsuru)",
"name": "ja-pos"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese female given names",
"Japanese given names",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys"
],
"glosses": [
"a female given name"
],
"links": [
[
"given name",
"given name"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Japanese surnames",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys"
],
"glosses": [
"a surname"
],
"links": [
[
"surname",
"surname"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "つる"
},
{
"ipa": "[t͡sɨᵝɾɯ̟ᵝ]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"ja:ツル"
],
"word": "鶴"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese affixes",
"Japanese compound terms",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese single-kanji terms",
"Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms historically spelled with づ",
"Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with 鶴",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with rendaku",
"Japanese terms written with one Han script character",
"Pages with raw sortkeys",
"ja:Cranes (birds)"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "crane; reed crane; ashi tazu, poetic; literally in reference to the way the birds will often hide among the reeds",
"ruby": [
[
"葦",
"あし"
],
[
"田",
"た"
],
[
"鶴",
"ず"
]
],
"word": "葦田鶴"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ojp",
"3": "-",
"sort": "たず"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "田",
"3": "",
"4": "rice paddy"
},
"expansion": "田 (“rice paddy”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "",
"3": "",
"alt1": "た",
"alt2": "つ",
"pos1": "possibly <i class=\"Jpan mention\" lang=\"ja\">田</i> (“rice paddy”), where cranes are known to hunt",
"pos2": "uncertain, possibly “a large bird”",
"sort": "たず",
"tr1": "ta",
"tr2": "*tsu"
},
"expansion": "た (ta, possibly 田 (“rice paddy”), where cranes are known to hunt) + つ (*tsu, uncertain, possibly “a large bird”)",
"name": "com"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "modern"
},
"expansion": "modern",
"name": "upright"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "連濁"
},
"expansion": "連濁",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tsu",
"2": "dzu, modern zu,",
"nocaps": "1",
"sort": "たず"
},
"expansion": "the tsu changes to dzu, modern zu, as an instance of rendaku (連濁).",
"name": "rendaku2"
}
],
"etymology_text": "/tadu/ → /tad͡zu/ → /tazu/\nFrom Old Japanese.\nSpeculatively, this could be analyzed as a compound of た (ta, possibly 田 (“rice paddy”), where cranes are known to hunt) + つ (*tsu, uncertain, possibly “a large bird”), wherein the tsu changes to dzu, modern zu, as an instance of rendaku (連濁). This tsu may be the tsu in modern tsuru above.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "鶴",
"ruby": [
[
"鶴",
"たず"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "tazu",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "tadu",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "たづ",
"roman": "tadu",
"tags": [
"hiragana",
"historical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "たず",
"hhira": "たづ"
},
"expansion": "鶴(たず) • (tazu) ^(←たづ (tadu)?)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese poetic terms",
"Japanese terms with archaic senses",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys"
],
"glosses": [
"a crane (large, long-legged and long-necked bird of the family Gruidae)"
],
"links": [
[
"poetic",
"poetic"
],
[
"crane",
"crane"
],
[
"large",
"large#English"
],
[
"long",
"long#English"
],
[
"legged",
"legged#English"
],
[
"necked",
"necked#English"
],
[
"bird",
"bird#English"
],
[
"family",
"family#English"
],
[
"Gruidae",
"Gruidae#Translingual"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic, poetic) a crane (large, long-legged and long-necked bird of the family Gruidae)"
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"poetic"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "たず"
},
{
"ipa": "[ta̠zɨᵝ]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"ja:大辞林",
"ja:松村明"
],
"word": "鶴"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese affixes",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese single-kanji terms",
"Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with 鶴",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with one Han script character",
"Pages with raw sortkeys",
"ja:Cranes (birds)"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "kakuga",
"ruby": [
[
"鶴",
"かく"
],
[
"駕",
"が"
]
],
"word": "鶴駕"
},
{
"roman": "Kakkin",
"ruby": [
[
"鶴",
"かっ"
],
[
"禁",
"きん"
]
],
"word": "鶴禁"
},
{
"roman": "kakushitsu",
"ruby": [
[
"鶴",
"かく"
],
[
"膝",
"しつ"
]
],
"word": "鶴膝"
},
{
"roman": "kakushu",
"ruby": [
[
"鶴",
"かく"
],
[
"首",
"しゅ"
]
],
"word": "鶴首"
},
{
"roman": "kakuju",
"ruby": [
[
"鶴",
"かく"
],
[
"寿",
"じゅ"
]
],
"word": "鶴寿"
},
{
"roman": "kakusho",
"ruby": [
[
"鶴",
"かく"
],
[
"書",
"しょ"
]
],
"word": "鶴書"
},
{
"roman": "kakushō",
"ruby": [
[
"鶴",
"かく"
],
[
"氅",
"しょう"
]
],
"word": "鶴氅"
},
{
"roman": "kakuhatsu",
"ruby": [
[
"鶴",
"かく"
],
[
"髪",
"はつ"
]
],
"word": "鶴髪"
},
{
"roman": "kakubō",
"ruby": [
[
"鶴",
"かく"
],
[
"望",
"ぼう"
]
],
"word": "鶴望"
},
{
"roman": "kakuyoku",
"ruby": [
[
"鶴",
"かく"
],
[
"翼",
"よく"
]
],
"word": "鶴翼"
},
{
"roman": "Kakurin",
"ruby": [
[
"鶴",
"かく"
],
[
"林",
"りん"
]
],
"word": "鶴林"
},
{
"roman": "kakurei",
"ruby": [
[
"鶴",
"かく"
],
[
"唳",
"れい"
]
],
"word": "鶴唳"
},
{
"roman": "unkaku",
"ruby": [
[
"雲",
"うん"
],
[
"鶴",
"かく"
]
],
"word": "雲鶴"
},
{
"roman": "kikaku",
"ruby": [
[
"亀",
"き"
],
[
"鶴",
"かく"
]
],
"word": "亀鶴"
},
{
"roman": "gunkaku",
"ruby": [
[
"群",
"ぐん"
],
[
"鶴",
"かく"
]
],
"word": "群鶴"
},
{
"roman": "genkaku",
"ruby": [
[
"玄",
"げん"
],
[
"鶴",
"かく"
]
],
"word": "玄鶴"
},
{
"roman": "kōkaku",
"ruby": [
[
"皐",
"こう"
],
[
"鶴",
"かく"
]
],
"word": "皐鶴"
},
{
"roman": "kōkaku",
"ruby": [
[
"皓",
"こう"
],
[
"鶴",
"かく"
]
],
"word": "皓鶴"
},
{
"roman": "Saikaku",
"ruby": [
[
"西",
"さい"
],
[
"鶴",
"かく"
]
],
"word": "西鶴"
},
{
"roman": "hakkaku",
"ruby": [
[
"白",
"はっ"
],
[
"鶴",
"かく"
]
],
"word": "白鶴"
},
{
"roman": "yakaku",
"ruby": [
[
"夜",
"や"
],
[
"鶴",
"かく"
]
],
"word": "夜鶴"
}
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-",
"sort": "かく"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "鶴"
},
"expansion": "鶴 (MC hak)",
"name": "ltc-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cmn",
"2": "鶴",
"tr": "hè"
},
"expansion": "Mandarin 鶴／鹤 (hè)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Chinese 鶴 (MC hak).\nCompare modern Mandarin 鶴／鹤 (hè).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "鶴",
"ruby": [
[
"鶴",
"かく"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kaku",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "affix",
"2": "かく"
},
"expansion": "鶴(かく) • (kaku)",
"name": "ja-pos"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "affix",
"related": [
{
"roman": "keigun no ikkaku",
"ruby": [
[
"鶏",
"けい"
],
[
"群",
"ぐん"
],
[
"一",
"いっ"
],
[
"鶴",
"かく"
]
],
"word": "鶏群の一鶴"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"crane (large bird of the family Gruidae)"
],
"links": [
[
"crane",
"crane"
],
[
"large",
"large#English"
],
[
"bird",
"bird#English"
],
[
"family",
"family#English"
],
[
"Gruidae",
"Gruidae#Translingual"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"cranelike"
],
"links": [
[
"cranelike",
"cranelike"
]
]
}
],
"word": "鶴"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"鶴"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "鶴",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"鶴"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "proper noun",
"title": "鶴",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <span> not properly closed",
"path": [
"鶴"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "鶴",
"trace": "started on line 2, detected on line 2"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"鶴"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "鶴",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"鶴"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "affix",
"title": "鶴",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Japanese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (a644e18 and edd475d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.