"鬱金" meaning in Japanese

See 鬱金 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: [ɯ̟kõ̞ɴ] Forms: 鬱金 [canonical] (ruby: (), (こん)), 鬱金 [canonical] (ruby: 鬱金(ウコン)), ukon [romanization]
Etymology: /uk̚koɴ/ → /ukoɴ/ Shift from ukkon below. Etymology templates: {{wp|ウコン|lang=ja}}, {{wp|Turmeric}} Head templates: {{ja-noun|うこん|ウコン}} 鬱(う)金(こん) or 鬱金(ウコン) • (ukon)
  1. the turmeric, Curcuma longa Synonyms: 黄染草, ターメリック
    Sense id: en-鬱金-ja-noun-ZbVJ2f2m Categories (other): Japanese links with redundant alt parameters, Japanese terms with 2 kanji, Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys, Ginger family plants Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant alt parameters: 11 8 15 12 17 11 15 11 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with 2 kanji: 10 8 19 8 18 10 19 8 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys: 15 13 27 22 23 Disambiguation of Ginger family plants: 17 16 10 6 16 17 10 7
  2. a dye extracted from the rhizome of the turmeric
    Sense id: en-鬱金-ja-noun-d6x7YM-E Categories (other): Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys, Dyes, Ginger family plants, Yellows Disambiguation of Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys: 15 13 27 22 23 Disambiguation of Dyes: 8 25 14 8 14 8 14 9 Disambiguation of Ginger family plants: 17 16 10 6 16 17 10 7 Disambiguation of Yellows: 4 10 26 9 12 4 26 10
  3. Short for 鬱金色 (ukon-iro): saffron yellow Tags: abbreviation, alt-of Alternative form of: 鬱金色 (extra: (ukon-iro): saffron yellow)
    Sense id: en-鬱金-ja-noun-1AfRpEtF Categories (other): Japanese entries with incorrect language header, Japanese links with redundant alt parameters, Japanese links with redundant wikilinks, Japanese terms with 2 kanji, Japanese terms with multiple readings, Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys, Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys, Ginger family plants, Polynesian canoe plants, Spices, Yellows Disambiguation of Japanese entries with incorrect language header: 9 7 16 15 13 9 16 15 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant alt parameters: 11 8 15 12 17 11 15 11 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant wikilinks: 9 8 16 14 15 9 16 13 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with 2 kanji: 10 8 19 8 18 10 19 8 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with multiple readings: 8 7 17 13 14 8 17 14 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys: 10 7 16 13 14 12 16 12 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys: 15 13 27 22 23 Disambiguation of Ginger family plants: 17 16 10 6 16 17 10 7 Disambiguation of Polynesian canoe plants: 9 7 17 15 12 9 17 16 Disambiguation of Spices: 8 9 17 13 13 8 17 14 Disambiguation of Yellows: 4 10 26 9 12 4 26 10
  4. Short for 鬱金桜 (ukonzakura): a 里桜 (satozakura) cultivar, Prunus lannesiana Tags: abbreviation, alt-of Alternative form of: 鬱金桜 (extra: (ukonzakura): a 里桜 (satozakura) cultivar, Prunus lannesiana)
    Sense id: en-鬱金-ja-noun-V3XVwQ-p Categories (other): Japanese entries with incorrect language header, Japanese links with redundant alt parameters, Japanese links with redundant wikilinks, Japanese terms with multiple readings, Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys, Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys, Polynesian canoe plants, Spices Disambiguation of Japanese entries with incorrect language header: 9 7 16 15 13 9 16 15 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant alt parameters: 11 8 15 12 17 11 15 11 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant wikilinks: 9 8 16 14 15 9 16 13 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with multiple readings: 8 7 17 13 14 8 17 14 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys: 10 7 16 13 14 12 16 12 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys: 15 13 27 22 23 Disambiguation of Polynesian canoe plants: 9 7 17 15 12 9 17 16 Disambiguation of Spices: 8 9 17 13 13 8 17 14
  5. (traditional Chinese medicine) rhizome of Curcuma longa used in medicine Tags: Chinese, traditional
    Sense id: en-鬱金-ja-noun-9wd2TWR~ Categories (other): Traditional Chinese medicine, Japanese entries with incorrect language header, Japanese links with redundant alt parameters, Japanese links with redundant wikilinks, Japanese terms with 2 kanji, Japanese terms with multiple readings, Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys, Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys, Ginger family plants, Polynesian canoe plants, Spices, Yellows Disambiguation of Japanese entries with incorrect language header: 9 7 16 15 13 9 16 15 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant alt parameters: 11 8 15 12 17 11 15 11 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant wikilinks: 9 8 16 14 15 9 16 13 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with 2 kanji: 10 8 19 8 18 10 19 8 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with multiple readings: 8 7 17 13 14 8 17 14 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys: 10 7 16 13 14 12 16 12 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys: 15 13 27 22 23 Disambiguation of Ginger family plants: 17 16 10 6 16 17 10 7 Disambiguation of Polynesian canoe plants: 9 7 17 15 12 9 17 16 Disambiguation of Spices: 8 9 17 13 13 8 17 14 Disambiguation of Yellows: 4 10 26 9 12 4 26 10 Topics: medicine, sciences
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1 Derived forms: 鬱金色 (ukon-iro) (ruby: (), (こん), (いろ)), 鬱金空木 (ukon utsugi) (ruby: (), (コン), (ウツ), ()), 鬱金粉 (ukon-ko) (ruby: (), (こん), ()), 鬱金香 (ukonkō) (ruby: (), (コン), (コウ)), 鬱金桜 (ukonzakura) (ruby: (), (コン), (ザクラ)), 鬱金染め (ukonzome) (ruby: (), (こん), ()), 鬱金花 (ukonbana) (ruby: (), (コン), (バナ)), 鬱金文庫 (ukon bunko) (ruby: (), (こん), (), (んこ)), 鬱金木綿 (ukon momen) (ruby: (), (こん), (), 綿(めん)), 葛鬱金 (kuzu-ukon) (ruby: (クズ), (), (コン)), 蕃鬱金 (ban ukon) (ruby: (バン), (), (コン)), 紅鬱金 (beni ukon) (ruby: (べに), (), (こん))

Noun

Forms: 鬱金 [canonical] (ruby: (うっ), (こん)), 鬱金 [canonical] (ruby: 鬱金(ウッコン)), ukkon [romanization]
Etymology: /utɨ komʉ/ → /uk̚komʉ/ → /uk̚koɴ/ From Middle Chinese 鬱金 (MC 'jut kim). Etymology templates: {{bor|ja|ltc|-|sort=うこん}} Middle Chinese, {{ltc-l|鬱金}} 鬱金 (MC 'jut kim) Head templates: {{ja-noun|うっこん|ウッコン}} 鬱(うっ)金(こん) or 鬱金(ウッコン) • (ukkon)
  1. (archaic) the turmeric, Curcuma longa Tags: archaic
    Sense id: en-鬱金-ja-noun-ZbVJ2f2m1 Categories (other): Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys, Japanese links with redundant alt parameters, Japanese terms with 2 kanji, Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys, Ginger family plants Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant alt parameters: 11 8 15 12 17 11 15 11 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with 2 kanji: 10 8 19 8 18 10 19 8 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys: 10 7 16 13 14 12 16 12 Disambiguation of Ginger family plants: 17 16 10 6 16 17 10 7
  2. Short for 鬱金色 (ukkon-iro): saffron yellow Tags: abbreviation, alt-of Alternative form of: 鬱金色 (extra: (ukkon-iro): saffron yellow)
    Sense id: en-鬱金-ja-noun-tiOI36Us Categories (other): Japanese entries with incorrect language header, Japanese links with redundant alt parameters, Japanese links with redundant wikilinks, Japanese terms with 2 kanji, Japanese terms with multiple readings, Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys, Ginger family plants, Polynesian canoe plants, Spices, Yellows Disambiguation of Japanese entries with incorrect language header: 9 7 16 15 13 9 16 15 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant alt parameters: 11 8 15 12 17 11 15 11 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant wikilinks: 9 8 16 14 15 9 16 13 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with 2 kanji: 10 8 19 8 18 10 19 8 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with multiple readings: 8 7 17 13 14 8 17 14 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys: 10 7 16 13 14 12 16 12 Disambiguation of Ginger family plants: 17 16 10 6 16 17 10 7 Disambiguation of Polynesian canoe plants: 9 7 17 15 12 9 17 16 Disambiguation of Spices: 8 9 17 13 13 8 17 14 Disambiguation of Yellows: 4 10 26 9 12 4 26 10
  3. Short for 鬱金香 (ukkonkō): a tulip Tags: abbreviation, alt-of Alternative form of: 鬱金香 (extra: (ukkonkō): a tulip)
    Sense id: en-鬱金-ja-noun-CSBXAYeg Categories (other): Japanese entries with incorrect language header, Japanese links with redundant alt parameters, Japanese links with redundant wikilinks, Japanese terms with multiple readings, Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys, Polynesian canoe plants, Spices Disambiguation of Japanese entries with incorrect language header: 9 7 16 15 13 9 16 15 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant alt parameters: 11 8 15 12 17 11 15 11 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant wikilinks: 9 8 16 14 15 9 16 13 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with multiple readings: 8 7 17 13 14 8 17 14 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys: 10 7 16 13 14 12 16 12 Disambiguation of Polynesian canoe plants: 9 7 17 15 12 9 17 16 Disambiguation of Spices: 8 9 17 13 13 8 17 14
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: 鬱金香 (ukkonkō) (ruby: (ウッ), (コン), (コウ)) (english: tulip), 鬱金草樹 (ukkonsōju) (ruby: (ウッ), (コン), (ソウ), (ジュ)) (english: tulip tree)
Etymology number: 2
{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "ukon-iro",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "鬱",
          "う"
        ],
        [
          "金",
          "こん"
        ],
        [
          "色",
          "いろ"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "鬱金色"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "ukon utsugi",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "鬱",
          "ウ"
        ],
        [
          "金",
          "コン"
        ],
        [
          "空",
          "ウツ"
        ],
        [
          "木",
          "ギ"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "鬱金空木"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "ukon-ko",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "鬱",
          "う"
        ],
        [
          "金",
          "こん"
        ],
        [
          "粉",
          "こ"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "鬱金粉"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "ukonkō",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "鬱",
          "ウ"
        ],
        [
          "金",
          "コン"
        ],
        [
          "香",
          "コウ"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "鬱金香"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "ukonzakura",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "鬱",
          "ウ"
        ],
        [
          "金",
          "コン"
        ],
        [
          "桜",
          "ザクラ"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "鬱金桜"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "ukonzome",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "鬱",
          "う"
        ],
        [
          "金",
          "こん"
        ],
        [
          "染",
          "ぞ"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "鬱金染め"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "ukonbana",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "鬱",
          "ウ"
        ],
        [
          "金",
          "コン"
        ],
        [
          "花",
          "バナ"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "鬱金花"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "ukon bunko",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "鬱",
          "う"
        ],
        [
          "金",
          "こん"
        ],
        [
          "文",
          "ぶ"
        ],
        [
          "庫",
          "んこ"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "鬱金文庫"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "ukon momen",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "鬱",
          "う"
        ],
        [
          "金",
          "こん"
        ],
        [
          "木",
          "も"
        ],
        [
          "綿",
          "めん"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "鬱金木綿"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "kuzu-ukon",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "葛",
          "クズ"
        ],
        [
          "鬱",
          "ウ"
        ],
        [
          "金",
          "コン"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "葛鬱金"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "ban ukon",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "蕃",
          "バン"
        ],
        [
          "鬱",
          "ウ"
        ],
        [
          "金",
          "コン"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "蕃鬱金"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "beni ukon",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "紅",
          "べに"
        ],
        [
          "鬱",
          "う"
        ],
        [
          "金",
          "こん"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "紅鬱金"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ウコン",
        "lang": "ja"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "wp"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Turmeric"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "wp"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "/uk̚koɴ/ → /ukoɴ/\nShift from ukkon below.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "鬱金",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "鬱",
          "う"
        ],
        [
          "金",
          "こん"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "鬱金",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "鬱金",
          "ウコン"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ukon",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "うこん",
        "2": "ウコン"
      },
      "expansion": "鬱(う)金(こん) or 鬱金(ウコン) • (ukon)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "11 8 15 12 17 11 15 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "10 8 19 8 18 10 19 8",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "15 13 27 22 23",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "17 16 10 6 16 17 10 7",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "ja",
          "name": "Ginger family plants",
          "orig": "ja:Ginger family plants",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "the turmeric, Curcuma longa"
      ],
      "id": "en-鬱金-ja-noun-ZbVJ2f2m",
      "links": [
        [
          "turmeric",
          "turmeric"
        ],
        [
          "Curcuma longa",
          "Curcuma longa#Translingual"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "黄染草"
        },
        {
          "word": "ターメリック"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "15 13 27 22 23",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 25 14 8 14 8 14 9",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "ja",
          "name": "Dyes",
          "orig": "ja:Dyes",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "17 16 10 6 16 17 10 7",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "ja",
          "name": "Ginger family plants",
          "orig": "ja:Ginger family plants",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 10 26 9 12 4 26 10",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "ja",
          "name": "Yellows",
          "orig": "ja:Yellows",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "a dye extracted from the rhizome of the turmeric"
      ],
      "id": "en-鬱金-ja-noun-d6x7YM-E",
      "links": [
        [
          "dye",
          "dye"
        ],
        [
          "extract",
          "extract"
        ],
        [
          "rhizome",
          "rhizome"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "(ukon-iro): saffron yellow",
          "word": "鬱金色"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "9 7 16 15 13 9 16 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "11 8 15 12 17 11 15 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "9 8 16 14 15 9 16 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "10 8 19 8 18 10 19 8",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 7 17 13 14 8 17 14",
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          "name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "10 7 16 13 14 12 16 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
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          "_dis": "15 13 27 22 23",
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          "name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "17 16 10 6 16 17 10 7",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "ja",
          "name": "Ginger family plants",
          "orig": "ja:Ginger family plants",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "9 7 17 15 12 9 17 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "ja",
          "name": "Polynesian canoe plants",
          "orig": "ja:Polynesian canoe plants",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 9 17 13 13 8 17 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "ja",
          "name": "Spices",
          "orig": "ja:Spices",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 10 26 9 12 4 26 10",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "ja",
          "name": "Yellows",
          "orig": "ja:Yellows",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Short for 鬱金色 (ukon-iro): saffron yellow"
      ],
      "id": "en-鬱金-ja-noun-1AfRpEtF",
      "links": [
        [
          "鬱金色",
          "鬱金色#Japanese"
        ],
        [
          "saffron",
          "saffron"
        ],
        [
          "yellow",
          "yellow"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "abbreviation",
        "alt-of"
      ]
    },
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "(ukonzakura): a 里桜 (satozakura) cultivar, Prunus lannesiana",
          "word": "鬱金桜"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "9 7 16 15 13 9 16 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "11 8 15 12 17 11 15 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "9 8 16 14 15 9 16 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 7 17 13 14 8 17 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "10 7 16 13 14 12 16 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "15 13 27 22 23",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "9 7 17 15 12 9 17 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "ja",
          "name": "Polynesian canoe plants",
          "orig": "ja:Polynesian canoe plants",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 9 17 13 13 8 17 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "ja",
          "name": "Spices",
          "orig": "ja:Spices",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Short for 鬱金桜 (ukonzakura): a 里桜 (satozakura) cultivar, Prunus lannesiana"
      ],
      "id": "en-鬱金-ja-noun-V3XVwQ-p",
      "links": [
        [
          "鬱金桜",
          "鬱金桜#Japanese"
        ],
        [
          "里桜",
          "里桜#Japanese"
        ],
        [
          "cultivar",
          "cultivar"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "abbreviation",
        "alt-of"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "ja",
          "name": "Traditional Chinese medicine",
          "orig": "ja:Traditional Chinese medicine",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "9 7 16 15 13 9 16 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "11 8 15 12 17 11 15 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "9 8 16 14 15 9 16 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "10 8 19 8 18 10 19 8",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 7 17 13 14 8 17 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "10 7 16 13 14 12 16 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "15 13 27 22 23",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "17 16 10 6 16 17 10 7",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "ja",
          "name": "Ginger family plants",
          "orig": "ja:Ginger family plants",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "9 7 17 15 12 9 17 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "ja",
          "name": "Polynesian canoe plants",
          "orig": "ja:Polynesian canoe plants",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 9 17 13 13 8 17 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "ja",
          "name": "Spices",
          "orig": "ja:Spices",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 10 26 9 12 4 26 10",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "ja",
          "name": "Yellows",
          "orig": "ja:Yellows",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "rhizome of Curcuma longa used in medicine"
      ],
      "id": "en-鬱金-ja-noun-9wd2TWR~",
      "links": [
        [
          "traditional Chinese medicine",
          "traditional Chinese medicine"
        ],
        [
          "Curcuma longa",
          "Curcuma longa#Translingual"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(traditional Chinese medicine) rhizome of Curcuma longa used in medicine"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Chinese",
        "traditional"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "medicine",
        "sciences"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "うこん"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ɯ̟kõ̞ɴ]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "鬱金"
}

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "english": "tulip",
      "roman": "ukkonkō",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "鬱",
          "ウッ"
        ],
        [
          "金",
          "コン"
        ],
        [
          "香",
          "コウ"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "鬱金香"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "english": "tulip tree",
      "roman": "ukkonsōju",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "鬱",
          "ウッ"
        ],
        [
          "金",
          "コン"
        ],
        [
          "草",
          "ソウ"
        ],
        [
          "樹",
          "ジュ"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "鬱金草樹"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "ltc",
        "3": "-",
        "sort": "うこん"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Chinese",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "鬱金"
      },
      "expansion": "鬱金 (MC 'jut kim)",
      "name": "ltc-l"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "/utɨ komʉ/ → /uk̚komʉ/ → /uk̚koɴ/\nFrom Middle Chinese 鬱金 (MC 'jut kim).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "鬱金",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "鬱",
          "うっ"
        ],
        [
          "金",
          "こん"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "鬱金",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "鬱金",
          "ウッコン"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ukkon",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "うっこん",
        "2": "ウッコン"
      },
      "expansion": "鬱(うっ)金(こん) or 鬱金(ウッコン) • (ukkon)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "11 8 15 12 17 11 15 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "10 8 19 8 18 10 19 8",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "10 7 16 13 14 12 16 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "17 16 10 6 16 17 10 7",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "ja",
          "name": "Ginger family plants",
          "orig": "ja:Ginger family plants",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "the turmeric, Curcuma longa"
      ],
      "id": "en-鬱金-ja-noun-ZbVJ2f2m1",
      "links": [
        [
          "turmeric",
          "turmeric"
        ],
        [
          "Curcuma longa",
          "Curcuma longa#Translingual"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(archaic) the turmeric, Curcuma longa"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ]
    },
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "(ukkon-iro): saffron yellow",
          "word": "鬱金色"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "9 7 16 15 13 9 16 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "11 8 15 12 17 11 15 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "9 8 16 14 15 9 16 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "10 8 19 8 18 10 19 8",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 7 17 13 14 8 17 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "10 7 16 13 14 12 16 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "17 16 10 6 16 17 10 7",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "ja",
          "name": "Ginger family plants",
          "orig": "ja:Ginger family plants",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "9 7 17 15 12 9 17 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "ja",
          "name": "Polynesian canoe plants",
          "orig": "ja:Polynesian canoe plants",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 9 17 13 13 8 17 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "ja",
          "name": "Spices",
          "orig": "ja:Spices",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 10 26 9 12 4 26 10",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "ja",
          "name": "Yellows",
          "orig": "ja:Yellows",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Short for 鬱金色 (ukkon-iro): saffron yellow"
      ],
      "id": "en-鬱金-ja-noun-tiOI36Us",
      "links": [
        [
          "鬱金色",
          "鬱金色#Japanese"
        ],
        [
          "saffron",
          "saffron"
        ],
        [
          "yellow",
          "yellow"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "abbreviation",
        "alt-of"
      ]
    },
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "(ukkonkō): a tulip",
          "word": "鬱金香"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "9 7 16 15 13 9 16 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "11 8 15 12 17 11 15 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "9 8 16 14 15 9 16 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 7 17 13 14 8 17 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "10 7 16 13 14 12 16 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "9 7 17 15 12 9 17 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "ja",
          "name": "Polynesian canoe plants",
          "orig": "ja:Polynesian canoe plants",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 9 17 13 13 8 17 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "ja",
          "name": "Spices",
          "orig": "ja:Spices",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Short for 鬱金香 (ukkonkō): a tulip"
      ],
      "id": "en-鬱金-ja-noun-CSBXAYeg",
      "links": [
        [
          "鬱金香",
          "鬱金香#Japanese"
        ],
        [
          "tulip",
          "tulip"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "abbreviation",
        "alt-of"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "鬱金"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Japanese lemmas",
    "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
    "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Japanese nouns",
    "Japanese terms borrowed from Middle Chinese",
    "Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
    "Japanese terms spelled with first grade kanji",
    "Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji",
    "Japanese terms spelled with 金 read as こん",
    "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
    "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
    "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
    "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "ja:Dyes",
    "ja:Ginger family plants",
    "ja:Polynesian canoe plants",
    "ja:Spices",
    "ja:Yellows"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "roman": "ukon-iro",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "鬱",
          "う"
        ],
        [
          "金",
          "こん"
        ],
        [
          "色",
          "いろ"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "鬱金色"
    },
    {
      "roman": "ukon utsugi",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "鬱",
          "ウ"
        ],
        [
          "金",
          "コン"
        ],
        [
          "空",
          "ウツ"
        ],
        [
          "木",
          "ギ"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "鬱金空木"
    },
    {
      "roman": "ukon-ko",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "鬱",
          "う"
        ],
        [
          "金",
          "こん"
        ],
        [
          "粉",
          "こ"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "鬱金粉"
    },
    {
      "roman": "ukonkō",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "鬱",
          "ウ"
        ],
        [
          "金",
          "コン"
        ],
        [
          "香",
          "コウ"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "鬱金香"
    },
    {
      "roman": "ukonzakura",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "鬱",
          "ウ"
        ],
        [
          "金",
          "コン"
        ],
        [
          "桜",
          "ザクラ"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "鬱金桜"
    },
    {
      "roman": "ukonzome",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "鬱",
          "う"
        ],
        [
          "金",
          "こん"
        ],
        [
          "染",
          "ぞ"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "鬱金染め"
    },
    {
      "roman": "ukonbana",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "鬱",
          "ウ"
        ],
        [
          "金",
          "コン"
        ],
        [
          "花",
          "バナ"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "鬱金花"
    },
    {
      "roman": "ukon bunko",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "鬱",
          "う"
        ],
        [
          "金",
          "こん"
        ],
        [
          "文",
          "ぶ"
        ],
        [
          "庫",
          "んこ"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "鬱金文庫"
    },
    {
      "roman": "ukon momen",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "鬱",
          "う"
        ],
        [
          "金",
          "こん"
        ],
        [
          "木",
          "も"
        ],
        [
          "綿",
          "めん"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "鬱金木綿"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kuzu-ukon",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "葛",
          "クズ"
        ],
        [
          "鬱",
          "ウ"
        ],
        [
          "金",
          "コン"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "葛鬱金"
    },
    {
      "roman": "ban ukon",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "蕃",
          "バン"
        ],
        [
          "鬱",
          "ウ"
        ],
        [
          "金",
          "コン"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "蕃鬱金"
    },
    {
      "roman": "beni ukon",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "紅",
          "べに"
        ],
        [
          "鬱",
          "う"
        ],
        [
          "金",
          "こん"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "紅鬱金"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ウコン",
        "lang": "ja"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "wp"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Turmeric"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "wp"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "/uk̚koɴ/ → /ukoɴ/\nShift from ukkon below.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "鬱金",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "鬱",
          "う"
        ],
        [
          "金",
          "こん"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "鬱金",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "鬱金",
          "ウコン"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ukon",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "うこん",
        "2": "ウコン"
      },
      "expansion": "鬱(う)金(こん) or 鬱金(ウコン) • (ukon)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "the turmeric, Curcuma longa"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "turmeric",
          "turmeric"
        ],
        [
          "Curcuma longa",
          "Curcuma longa#Translingual"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "黄染草"
        },
        {
          "word": "ターメリック"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "a dye extracted from the rhizome of the turmeric"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "dye",
          "dye"
        ],
        [
          "extract",
          "extract"
        ],
        [
          "rhizome",
          "rhizome"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "(ukon-iro): saffron yellow",
          "word": "鬱金色"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "Japanese short forms"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Short for 鬱金色 (ukon-iro): saffron yellow"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "鬱金色",
          "鬱金色#Japanese"
        ],
        [
          "saffron",
          "saffron"
        ],
        [
          "yellow",
          "yellow"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "abbreviation",
        "alt-of"
      ]
    },
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "(ukonzakura): a 里桜 (satozakura) cultivar, Prunus lannesiana",
          "word": "鬱金桜"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "Entries using missing taxonomic name (species)",
        "Japanese short forms"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Short for 鬱金桜 (ukonzakura): a 里桜 (satozakura) cultivar, Prunus lannesiana"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "鬱金桜",
          "鬱金桜#Japanese"
        ],
        [
          "里桜",
          "里桜#Japanese"
        ],
        [
          "cultivar",
          "cultivar"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "abbreviation",
        "alt-of"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "ja:Traditional Chinese medicine"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "rhizome of Curcuma longa used in medicine"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "traditional Chinese medicine",
          "traditional Chinese medicine"
        ],
        [
          "Curcuma longa",
          "Curcuma longa#Translingual"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(traditional Chinese medicine) rhizome of Curcuma longa used in medicine"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Chinese",
        "traditional"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "medicine",
        "sciences"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "うこん"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ɯ̟kõ̞ɴ]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "鬱金"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Japanese lemmas",
    "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
    "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Japanese nouns",
    "Japanese terms borrowed from Middle Chinese",
    "Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
    "Japanese terms spelled with first grade kanji",
    "Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji",
    "Japanese terms spelled with 金 read as こん",
    "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
    "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
    "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "ja:Dyes",
    "ja:Ginger family plants",
    "ja:Polynesian canoe plants",
    "ja:Spices",
    "ja:Yellows"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "english": "tulip",
      "roman": "ukkonkō",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "鬱",
          "ウッ"
        ],
        [
          "金",
          "コン"
        ],
        [
          "香",
          "コウ"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "鬱金香"
    },
    {
      "english": "tulip tree",
      "roman": "ukkonsōju",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "鬱",
          "ウッ"
        ],
        [
          "金",
          "コン"
        ],
        [
          "草",
          "ソウ"
        ],
        [
          "樹",
          "ジュ"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "鬱金草樹"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "ltc",
        "3": "-",
        "sort": "うこん"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Chinese",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "鬱金"
      },
      "expansion": "鬱金 (MC 'jut kim)",
      "name": "ltc-l"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "/utɨ komʉ/ → /uk̚komʉ/ → /uk̚koɴ/\nFrom Middle Chinese 鬱金 (MC 'jut kim).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "鬱金",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "鬱",
          "うっ"
        ],
        [
          "金",
          "こん"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "鬱金",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "鬱金",
          "ウッコン"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ukkon",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "うっこん",
        "2": "ウッコン"
      },
      "expansion": "鬱(うっ)金(こん) or 鬱金(ウッコン) • (ukkon)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Japanese terms with archaic senses",
        "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "the turmeric, Curcuma longa"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "turmeric",
          "turmeric"
        ],
        [
          "Curcuma longa",
          "Curcuma longa#Translingual"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(archaic) the turmeric, Curcuma longa"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ]
    },
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "(ukkon-iro): saffron yellow",
          "word": "鬱金色"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "Japanese short forms"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Short for 鬱金色 (ukkon-iro): saffron yellow"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "鬱金色",
          "鬱金色#Japanese"
        ],
        [
          "saffron",
          "saffron"
        ],
        [
          "yellow",
          "yellow"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "abbreviation",
        "alt-of"
      ]
    },
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "(ukkonkō): a tulip",
          "word": "鬱金香"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "Japanese short forms"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Short for 鬱金香 (ukkonkō): a tulip"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "鬱金香",
          "鬱金香#Japanese"
        ],
        [
          "tulip",
          "tulip"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "abbreviation",
        "alt-of"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "鬱金"
}

Download raw JSONL data for 鬱金 meaning in Japanese (7.0kB)

{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
  "path": [
    "鬱金"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "鬱金",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
  "path": [
    "鬱金"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "鬱金",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Japanese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-05-20 using wiktextract (3dadd05 and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.