See 胸 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for 胸 meaning in Japanese (18.3kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "chest girth",
"roman": "kyōi",
"ruby": [
[
"胸",
"きょう"
],
[
"囲",
"い"
]
],
"word": "胸囲"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "sculpture",
"roman": "kyōzō",
"ruby": [
[
"胸",
"きょう"
],
[
"像",
"ぞう"
]
],
"word": "胸像: bust"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "an ample bosom, large breasts",
"roman": "hōkyō",
"ruby": [
[
"豊",
"ほう"
],
[
"胸",
"きょう"
]
],
"word": "豊胸"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kyōchū",
"word": "胸中: one's thoughts"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "one's mind"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "munasawagi",
"word": "胸騒ぎ: noisy thoughts: a bad feeling about something"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "uneasiness"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "neckline",
"roman": "munamoto",
"ruby": [
[
"胸",
"むな"
],
[
"元",
"もと"
]
],
"word": "胸元"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "foreboding"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Grade 6 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"breast, chest"
],
"id": "en-胸-ja-character-digc1JFt",
"links": [
[
"breast",
"breast"
],
[
"chest",
"chest"
]
],
"tags": [
"grade-6-kanji",
"kanji"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Grade 6 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 12 4 32 4 32 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 100",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"heart, feeling, thought"
],
"id": "en-胸-ja-character-Onvc7Krs",
"links": [
[
"heart",
"heart"
],
[
"feeling",
"feeling"
],
[
"thought",
"thought"
]
],
"tags": [
"grade-6-kanji",
"kanji"
]
}
],
"word": "胸"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "foreboding"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "munāte",
"word": "胸当て: a bib: a cloth covering the chest to protect from dirt"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "food"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "a breast drill, gimlet, or awl, with a flat end for pushing with the chest",
"roman": "munātegiri",
"ruby": [
[
"胸",
"むな"
],
[
"当",
"あ"
],
[
"錐",
"ぎり"
]
],
"word": "胸当て錐"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "chest board",
"roman": "munaita",
"word": "胸板: → the flat area of the chest"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "a part of the breastplate in traditional Japanese armor"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "胸繋"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "munagai",
"word": "鞅: part of riding tack"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "a cord"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "tie-downs",
"roman": "shiode",
"word": "strap running around the chest and through the 四緒手 on the front of the saddle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "older form of munagai above",
"roman": "munakaki",
"ruby": [
[
"鞅",
"むなかき"
]
],
"word": "鞅"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "breastplate",
"roman": "munaita",
"ruby": [
[
"胸",
"むな"
],
[
"金",
"かな"
],
[
"物",
"もの"
]
],
"word": "胸金物: metal fitting on the 胸板"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "muna kanjō",
"ruby": [
[
"胸",
"むな"
],
[
"勘",
"かん"
],
[
"定",
"じょう"
]
],
"word": "胸勘定: thinking in one's head to figure something out before doing it"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "chest shit",
"roman": "muna kuso",
"word": "胸糞: → a bad feeling"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "a strong dislike"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "the area where the collar of a kimono or other robe overlap in front",
"roman": "munagura",
"ruby": [
[
"胸",
"むな"
],
[
"倉",
"ぐら"
],
[
"胸",
"むな"
],
[
"座",
"ぐら"
]
],
"word": "胸倉, 胸座"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "a feeling of uncomfortable pressure in the chest, as when anxious or distressed",
"roman": "munagurushii",
"ruby": [
[
"胸",
"むな"
],
[
"苦",
"ぐる"
]
],
"word": "胸苦しい"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "black breast",
"roman": "munaguro",
"word": "胸黒: → Pluvialis fulva"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "the Pacific golden plover"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "unpleasant and upsetting",
"roman": "munake",
"ruby": [
[
"胸",
"むな"
],
[
"気",
"け"
]
],
"word": "胸気"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "chest hair",
"roman": "munage",
"ruby": [
[
"胸",
"むな"
],
[
"毛",
"げ"
]
],
"word": "胸毛"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "the solar plexus, the area just below the sternum",
"roman": "muna saki",
"ruby": [
[
"胸",
"むな"
],
[
"先",
"さき"
]
],
"word": "胸先"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "chest noise",
"roman": "muna sawagi",
"word": "胸騒ぎ: → uneasiness"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "munazan",
"ruby": [
[
"胸",
"むな"
],
[
"算",
"ざん"
]
],
"word": "胸算: thinking in one's head to figure something out before doing it"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "munazan'yō",
"ruby": [
[
"胸",
"むな"
],
[
"算",
"ざん"
],
[
"用",
"よう"
]
],
"word": "胸算用: thinking in one's head to figure something out before doing it"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "chest screen",
"roman": "muna sudare",
"ruby": [
[
"胸",
"むな"
],
[
"簾",
"すだれ"
]
],
"word": "胸簾: → the rib"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "muna soko",
"word": "胸底: the bottom of one's heart"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "one's innermost thought"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "sash",
"roman": "obi",
"ruby": [
[
"胸",
"むな"
],
[
"高",
"だか"
]
],
"word": "胸高: tying one's 帯 high on one's chest instead of at the waist"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "breast, boob",
"roman": "munachi",
"ruby": [
[
"胸",
"むな"
],
[
"乳",
"ち"
]
],
"word": "胸乳"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "a steep slope, as on a hill or mountain",
"roman": "munatsuki",
"ruby": [
[
"胸",
"むな"
],
[
"突",
"つ"
]
],
"word": "胸突き"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "munatsuki hatchō",
"word": "胸突き八丁: a very steep street"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "path"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "the last hard push before reaching a goal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "the bottom of the chest, the area just below the sternum",
"roman": "munazukushi",
"ruby": [
[
"胸",
"むな"
],
[
"尽",
"づ"
]
],
"word": "胸尽くし"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "munazumori",
"ruby": [
[
"胸",
"むな"
],
[
"積",
"づも"
]
],
"word": "胸積り: thinking in one's head to figure something out before doing it"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "munazuwarashi",
"word": "胸づわらし: very sad"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "uneasy in a way that makes one's chest constrict"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "chest beard",
"roman": "muna hige",
"ruby": [
[
"胸",
"むな"
],
[
"鬚",
"ひげ"
]
],
"word": "胸鬚: → chest hair"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "a cord across the chest for holding a kimono or haori closed",
"roman": "muna himo",
"ruby": [
[
"胸",
"むな"
],
[
"紐",
"ひも"
]
],
"word": "胸紐"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "chest fin",
"roman": "munabire",
"ruby": [
[
"胸",
"むな"
],
[
"鰭",
"びれ"
]
],
"word": "胸鰭: → pectoral fin"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "the breastbone, the sternum",
"roman": "munabone",
"ruby": [
[
"胸",
"むな"
],
[
"骨",
"ぼね"
]
],
"word": "胸骨"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "胸元"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "munamoto",
"word": "胸許: the chest"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "the area in front of the chest"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "indigestion",
"roman": "munayake",
"ruby": [
[
"胸",
"むな"
],
[
"焼",
"や"
]
],
"word": "胸焼け: heartburn"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "munawaku",
"word": "胸分く: to push through bushes"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "scrub using one's chest"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "to bushwhack"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "munawake",
"word": "胸分け: pushing through bushes"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "bushwhacking"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "the breadth of the chest"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ojp",
"3": "-",
"sort": "むな"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"nodots": "1"
},
"expansion": "CE",
"name": "C.E."
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "CE",
"name": "CE"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "棟",
"3": "",
"4": "main roofline, roof ridge",
"tr": "muna"
},
"expansion": "棟 (muna, “main roofline, roof ridge”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "空"
},
"expansion": "空",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "虚",
"3": "",
"4": "emptiness, void",
"tr": "muna"
},
"expansion": "虚 (muna, “emptiness, void”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Japanese. First attested in the Kojiki of 712 CE. Possibly the original form of mune below.\nThe first edition of the Nihon Kokugo Daijiten says that this is cognate with 棟 (muna, “main roofline, roof ridge”), from the underlying idea of central or main portion. However, see Etymology 2.\nPossibly also related with 空, 虚 (muna, “emptiness, void”), from the idea of cavity.\nSeldom used in isolation even in Old Japanese. Only found as the first element of compounds in modern Japanese.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "胸",
"ruby": [
[
"胸",
"むな"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "muna",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "むな"
},
"expansion": "胸(むな) • (muna)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "奴婆多麻能 久路岐美祁斯遠 / 麻都夫佐尓 登理與曾比 / 淤岐都登理 牟那美流登岐 / 波多多藝母 許禮婆布佐波受 / 幣都那美 曾迩奴岐宇弖\nぬばたまの くろきみけしを / まつぶさに とりよそひ / おきつとり むなみるとき / はたたぎも これはふさはず / へつなみ そにだきうて\nnubatama no kuroki mikeshi o / matsubusa ni toriyosohi / oki tsu tori muna miru toki / hatatagi mo kore wa fusawazu / he tsu nami so ni dakiute\nI put on black iris-seed garments with schisandra, and though I fluff up my garments like when the ocean birds look at their chests, I say this is not good and I cast them off into the sea's waves..."
}
],
"glosses": [
"chest, breast"
],
"id": "en-胸-ja-noun-JR6Uj8gN",
"links": [
[
"chest",
"chest"
],
[
"breast",
"breast"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 5 1 42 1 42 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 6 2 42 2 42 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 6 2 42 2 42 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 12 4 32 4 32 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 5 2 41 2 41 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 6 2 41 2 41 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 96",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"heart, inner thoughts"
],
"id": "en-胸-ja-noun-ZcXH-a8V",
"links": [
[
"heart",
"heart"
],
[
"inner",
"inner"
],
[
"thought",
"thought"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[mɯ̟ᵝna̠]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Jōdai Tokushu Kanazukai",
"Kojiki",
"ja:大辞林",
"ja:松村明"
],
"word": "胸"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "one's chest is noisy",
"roman": "mune ga sawagu",
"word": "胸が騒ぐ: → to be unsettled"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "to be uneasy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "lend a chest",
"roman": "mune o kasu",
"word": "胸を貸す → a more powerful person partners with a less powerful person"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "borrow a chest",
"roman": "mune o kariru",
"word": "胸を借りる → a less powerful person partners with a more powerful person"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "mune o nadeorosu",
"ruby": [
[
"胸",
"むね"
],
[
"撫",
"な"
],
[
"下",
"お"
]
],
"word": "胸を撫で下ろす:"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ojp",
"3": "-",
"sort": "むね"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "jpx-pro",
"3": "*munay",
"sort": "むね"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Japonic *munay",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "神",
"pos": "older form used in compounds",
"t": "spirit, god",
"tr": "kamu"
},
"expansion": "神 (kamu, “spirit, god”, older form used in compounds)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "神",
"pos": "newer form, used as a standalone noun",
"tr": "kami"
},
"expansion": "神 (kami, newer form, used as a standalone noun)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "身",
"3": "根",
"sort": "むね",
"t1": "body",
"t2": "root",
"tr1": "mu",
"tr2": "ne"
},
"expansion": "身 (mu, “body”) + 根 (ne, “root”)",
"name": "compound"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "棟",
"3": "",
"4": "main roofline, roof ridge",
"tr": "mune"
},
"expansion": "棟 (mune, “main roofline, roof ridge”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "宗"
},
"expansion": "宗",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "旨",
"3": "",
"4": "gist, main idea, primary part",
"tr": "mune"
},
"expansion": "旨 (mune, “gist, main idea, primary part”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "胸",
"tr": "mune"
},
"expansion": "胸 (mune)",
"name": "m-self"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "棟",
"tr": "mune"
},
"expansion": "棟 (mune)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "棟"
},
"expansion": "棟",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "宗"
},
"expansion": "宗",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "宗"
},
"expansion": "宗",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "旨",
"tr": "mune"
},
"expansion": "旨 (mune)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1001-1004"
},
"expansion": "circa 1001-1004",
"name": "circa2"
},
{
"args": {
"nodots": "1"
},
"expansion": "CE",
"name": "C.E."
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "CE",
"name": "CE"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *munay. The apophony is similar to the phonetic process observed in the shift from 神 (kamu, “spirit, god”, older form used in compounds) to 神 (kami, newer form, used as a standalone noun); see AJPX.\nAlternatively, may be a compound of 身 (mu, “body”) + 根 (ne, “root”). Other theories have been suggested.\nThe first edition of the Nihon Kokugo Daijiten says that this is cognate with 棟 (mune, “main roofline, roof ridge”) and 宗, 旨 (mune, “gist, main idea, primary part”), from the underlying idea of central or main portion. However, the accent of 胸 (mune) in the Heian period is HL, while the accent of 棟 (mune) is HH. This suggests that they may not be directly related.\nNotably, 棟 and 宗 also have an older reading muna that is only used in compounds (for 宗, possibly only in place names). Meanwhile, 旨 (mune) (Heian HH) appears in The Tale of Genji of circa 1001-1004, and this reading is used as a standalone noun rather than in compounds. This is consistent with other nouns that have paired vowel forms, and suggests that muna is probably the original form, and that the compound derivation is a folk etymology.\nFirst attested in the Kojiki of 712 CE.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "胸",
"ruby": [
[
"胸",
"むね"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "mune",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "むね"
},
"expansion": "胸(むね) • (mune)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"chest, breast"
],
"id": "en-胸-ja-noun-JR6Uj8gN1",
"links": [
[
"chest",
"chest"
],
[
"breast",
"breast"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 5 1 42 1 42 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 6 2 42 2 42 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 6 2 42 2 42 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 12 4 32 4 32 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 5 2 41 2 41 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 6 2 41 2 41 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "the passion in one's heart",
"roman": "mune no naka no atsui omoi",
"ruby": [
[
"胸",
"むね"
],
[
"中",
"なか"
],
[
"熱",
"あつ"
],
[
"思",
"おも"
]
],
"text": "胸の中の熱い思い"
}
],
"glosses": [
"heart, inner thoughts"
],
"id": "en-胸-ja-noun-ZcXH-a8V1",
"links": [
[
"heart",
"heart"
],
[
"inner",
"inner"
],
[
"thought",
"thought"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0",
"roman": "kokoro",
"ruby": [
[
"心",
"こころ"
]
],
"sense": "heart",
"word": "心"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 12 4 32 4 32 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "No matter what clothes she wears, her chest always stands out.",
"roman": "Kanojo wa donna fuku o kite mo mune ga medachimasu.",
"ruby": [
[
"彼女",
"かのじょ"
],
[
"服",
"ふく"
],
[
"着",
"き"
],
[
"胸",
"むね"
],
[
"目立",
"めだ"
]
],
"text": "彼女はどんな服を着ても胸が目立ちます。"
}
],
"glosses": [
"bosom, breasts"
],
"id": "en-胸-ja-noun-HBTFIsJK",
"links": [
[
"bosom",
"bosom"
],
[
"breasts",
"breasts"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "17 0 83",
"roman": "oppai",
"sense": "breasts",
"word": "おっぱい"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 0 83",
"roman": "chichi",
"sense": "breasts",
"word": "乳"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 0 83",
"roman": "chibusa",
"sense": "breasts",
"word": "乳房"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 0 83",
"roman": "nyūbō",
"sense": "breasts",
"word": "乳房"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "むね"
},
{
"ipa": "[mɯ̟ᵝne̞]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Jōdai Tokushu Kanazukai",
"Kojiki",
"The Tale of Genji"
],
"word": "胸"
}
{
"categories": [
"Grade 6 kanji",
"Japanese Han characters",
"Japanese compound terms",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese kanji with goon reading く",
"Japanese kanji with kan'on reading きょう",
"Japanese kanji with kun reading むな",
"Japanese kanji with kun reading むね",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese single-kanji terms",
"Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms derived from Proto-Japonic",
"Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms inherited from Proto-Japonic",
"Japanese terms spelled with sixth grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with 胸",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant transliterations",
"Japanese terms written with one Han script character"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "chest girth",
"roman": "kyōi",
"ruby": [
[
"胸",
"きょう"
],
[
"囲",
"い"
]
],
"word": "胸囲"
},
{
"english": "sculpture",
"roman": "kyōzō",
"ruby": [
[
"胸",
"きょう"
],
[
"像",
"ぞう"
]
],
"word": "胸像: bust"
},
{
"english": "an ample bosom, large breasts",
"roman": "hōkyō",
"ruby": [
[
"豊",
"ほう"
],
[
"胸",
"きょう"
]
],
"word": "豊胸"
},
{
"roman": "kyōchū",
"word": "胸中: one's thoughts"
},
{
"word": "one's mind"
},
{
"roman": "munasawagi",
"word": "胸騒ぎ: noisy thoughts: a bad feeling about something"
},
{
"word": "uneasiness"
},
{
"word": "foreboding"
},
{
"english": "neckline",
"roman": "munamoto",
"ruby": [
[
"胸",
"むな"
],
[
"元",
"もと"
]
],
"word": "胸元"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"breast, chest"
],
"links": [
[
"breast",
"breast"
],
[
"chest",
"chest"
]
],
"tags": [
"grade-6-kanji",
"kanji"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"heart, feeling, thought"
],
"links": [
[
"heart",
"heart"
],
[
"feeling",
"feeling"
],
[
"thought",
"thought"
]
],
"tags": [
"grade-6-kanji",
"kanji"
]
}
],
"word": "胸"
}
{
"categories": [
"Entries missing English vernacular names of taxa",
"Japanese compound terms",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese single-kanji terms",
"Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms derived from Proto-Japonic",
"Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms inherited from Proto-Japonic",
"Japanese terms spelled with sixth grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with 胸",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with one Han script character"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "munāte",
"word": "胸当て: a bib: a cloth covering the chest to protect from dirt"
},
{
"word": "food"
},
{
"english": "a breast drill, gimlet, or awl, with a flat end for pushing with the chest",
"roman": "munātegiri",
"ruby": [
[
"胸",
"むな"
],
[
"当",
"あ"
],
[
"錐",
"ぎり"
]
],
"word": "胸当て錐"
},
{
"english": "chest board",
"roman": "munaita",
"word": "胸板: → the flat area of the chest"
},
{
"word": "a part of the breastplate in traditional Japanese armor"
},
{
"word": "胸繋"
},
{
"roman": "munagai",
"word": "鞅: part of riding tack"
},
{
"word": "a cord"
},
{
"english": "tie-downs",
"roman": "shiode",
"word": "strap running around the chest and through the 四緒手 on the front of the saddle"
},
{
"english": "older form of munagai above",
"roman": "munakaki",
"ruby": [
[
"鞅",
"むなかき"
]
],
"word": "鞅"
},
{
"english": "breastplate",
"roman": "munaita",
"ruby": [
[
"胸",
"むな"
],
[
"金",
"かな"
],
[
"物",
"もの"
]
],
"word": "胸金物: metal fitting on the 胸板"
},
{
"roman": "muna kanjō",
"ruby": [
[
"胸",
"むな"
],
[
"勘",
"かん"
],
[
"定",
"じょう"
]
],
"word": "胸勘定: thinking in one's head to figure something out before doing it"
},
{
"english": "chest shit",
"roman": "muna kuso",
"word": "胸糞: → a bad feeling"
},
{
"word": "a strong dislike"
},
{
"english": "the area where the collar of a kimono or other robe overlap in front",
"roman": "munagura",
"ruby": [
[
"胸",
"むな"
],
[
"倉",
"ぐら"
],
[
"胸",
"むな"
],
[
"座",
"ぐら"
]
],
"word": "胸倉, 胸座"
},
{
"english": "a feeling of uncomfortable pressure in the chest, as when anxious or distressed",
"roman": "munagurushii",
"ruby": [
[
"胸",
"むな"
],
[
"苦",
"ぐる"
]
],
"word": "胸苦しい"
},
{
"english": "black breast",
"roman": "munaguro",
"word": "胸黒: → Pluvialis fulva"
},
{
"word": "the Pacific golden plover"
},
{
"english": "unpleasant and upsetting",
"roman": "munake",
"ruby": [
[
"胸",
"むな"
],
[
"気",
"け"
]
],
"word": "胸気"
},
{
"english": "chest hair",
"roman": "munage",
"ruby": [
[
"胸",
"むな"
],
[
"毛",
"げ"
]
],
"word": "胸毛"
},
{
"english": "the solar plexus, the area just below the sternum",
"roman": "muna saki",
"ruby": [
[
"胸",
"むな"
],
[
"先",
"さき"
]
],
"word": "胸先"
},
{
"english": "chest noise",
"roman": "muna sawagi",
"word": "胸騒ぎ: → uneasiness"
},
{
"word": "foreboding"
},
{
"roman": "munazan",
"ruby": [
[
"胸",
"むな"
],
[
"算",
"ざん"
]
],
"word": "胸算: thinking in one's head to figure something out before doing it"
},
{
"roman": "munazan'yō",
"ruby": [
[
"胸",
"むな"
],
[
"算",
"ざん"
],
[
"用",
"よう"
]
],
"word": "胸算用: thinking in one's head to figure something out before doing it"
},
{
"english": "chest screen",
"roman": "muna sudare",
"ruby": [
[
"胸",
"むな"
],
[
"簾",
"すだれ"
]
],
"word": "胸簾: → the rib"
},
{
"roman": "muna soko",
"word": "胸底: the bottom of one's heart"
},
{
"word": "one's innermost thought"
},
{
"english": "sash",
"roman": "obi",
"ruby": [
[
"胸",
"むな"
],
[
"高",
"だか"
]
],
"word": "胸高: tying one's 帯 high on one's chest instead of at the waist"
},
{
"english": "breast, boob",
"roman": "munachi",
"ruby": [
[
"胸",
"むな"
],
[
"乳",
"ち"
]
],
"word": "胸乳"
},
{
"english": "a steep slope, as on a hill or mountain",
"roman": "munatsuki",
"ruby": [
[
"胸",
"むな"
],
[
"突",
"つ"
]
],
"word": "胸突き"
},
{
"roman": "munatsuki hatchō",
"word": "胸突き八丁: a very steep street"
},
{
"word": "path"
},
{
"word": "the last hard push before reaching a goal"
},
{
"english": "the bottom of the chest, the area just below the sternum",
"roman": "munazukushi",
"ruby": [
[
"胸",
"むな"
],
[
"尽",
"づ"
]
],
"word": "胸尽くし"
},
{
"roman": "munazumori",
"ruby": [
[
"胸",
"むな"
],
[
"積",
"づも"
]
],
"word": "胸積り: thinking in one's head to figure something out before doing it"
},
{
"roman": "munazuwarashi",
"word": "胸づわらし: very sad"
},
{
"word": "uneasy in a way that makes one's chest constrict"
},
{
"english": "chest beard",
"roman": "muna hige",
"ruby": [
[
"胸",
"むな"
],
[
"鬚",
"ひげ"
]
],
"word": "胸鬚: → chest hair"
},
{
"english": "a cord across the chest for holding a kimono or haori closed",
"roman": "muna himo",
"ruby": [
[
"胸",
"むな"
],
[
"紐",
"ひも"
]
],
"word": "胸紐"
},
{
"english": "chest fin",
"roman": "munabire",
"ruby": [
[
"胸",
"むな"
],
[
"鰭",
"びれ"
]
],
"word": "胸鰭: → pectoral fin"
},
{
"english": "the breastbone, the sternum",
"roman": "munabone",
"ruby": [
[
"胸",
"むな"
],
[
"骨",
"ぼね"
]
],
"word": "胸骨"
},
{
"word": "胸元"
},
{
"roman": "munamoto",
"word": "胸許: the chest"
},
{
"word": "the area in front of the chest"
},
{
"english": "indigestion",
"roman": "munayake",
"ruby": [
[
"胸",
"むな"
],
[
"焼",
"や"
]
],
"word": "胸焼け: heartburn"
},
{
"roman": "munawaku",
"word": "胸分く: to push through bushes"
},
{
"word": "scrub using one's chest"
},
{
"word": "to bushwhack"
},
{
"roman": "munawake",
"word": "胸分け: pushing through bushes"
},
{
"word": "bushwhacking"
},
{
"word": "the breadth of the chest"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ojp",
"3": "-",
"sort": "むな"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"nodots": "1"
},
"expansion": "CE",
"name": "C.E."
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "CE",
"name": "CE"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "棟",
"3": "",
"4": "main roofline, roof ridge",
"tr": "muna"
},
"expansion": "棟 (muna, “main roofline, roof ridge”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "空"
},
"expansion": "空",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "虚",
"3": "",
"4": "emptiness, void",
"tr": "muna"
},
"expansion": "虚 (muna, “emptiness, void”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Japanese. First attested in the Kojiki of 712 CE. Possibly the original form of mune below.\nThe first edition of the Nihon Kokugo Daijiten says that this is cognate with 棟 (muna, “main roofline, roof ridge”), from the underlying idea of central or main portion. However, see Etymology 2.\nPossibly also related with 空, 虚 (muna, “emptiness, void”), from the idea of cavity.\nSeldom used in isolation even in Old Japanese. Only found as the first element of compounds in modern Japanese.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "胸",
"ruby": [
[
"胸",
"むな"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "muna",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "むな"
},
"expansion": "胸(むな) • (muna)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "奴婆多麻能 久路岐美祁斯遠 / 麻都夫佐尓 登理與曾比 / 淤岐都登理 牟那美流登岐 / 波多多藝母 許禮婆布佐波受 / 幣都那美 曾迩奴岐宇弖\nぬばたまの くろきみけしを / まつぶさに とりよそひ / おきつとり むなみるとき / はたたぎも これはふさはず / へつなみ そにだきうて\nnubatama no kuroki mikeshi o / matsubusa ni toriyosohi / oki tsu tori muna miru toki / hatatagi mo kore wa fusawazu / he tsu nami so ni dakiute\nI put on black iris-seed garments with schisandra, and though I fluff up my garments like when the ocean birds look at their chests, I say this is not good and I cast them off into the sea's waves..."
}
],
"glosses": [
"chest, breast"
],
"links": [
[
"chest",
"chest"
],
[
"breast",
"breast"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"heart, inner thoughts"
],
"links": [
[
"heart",
"heart"
],
[
"inner",
"inner"
],
[
"thought",
"thought"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[mɯ̟ᵝna̠]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Jōdai Tokushu Kanazukai",
"Kojiki",
"ja:大辞林",
"ja:松村明"
],
"word": "胸"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese compound terms",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese single-kanji terms",
"Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms derived from Proto-Japonic",
"Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms inherited from Proto-Japonic",
"Japanese terms spelled with sixth grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with 胸",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with one Han script character"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "one's chest is noisy",
"roman": "mune ga sawagu",
"word": "胸が騒ぐ: → to be unsettled"
},
{
"word": "to be uneasy"
},
{
"english": "lend a chest",
"roman": "mune o kasu",
"word": "胸を貸す → a more powerful person partners with a less powerful person"
},
{
"english": "borrow a chest",
"roman": "mune o kariru",
"word": "胸を借りる → a less powerful person partners with a more powerful person"
},
{
"roman": "mune o nadeorosu",
"ruby": [
[
"胸",
"むね"
],
[
"撫",
"な"
],
[
"下",
"お"
]
],
"word": "胸を撫で下ろす:"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ojp",
"3": "-",
"sort": "むね"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "jpx-pro",
"3": "*munay",
"sort": "むね"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Japonic *munay",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "神",
"pos": "older form used in compounds",
"t": "spirit, god",
"tr": "kamu"
},
"expansion": "神 (kamu, “spirit, god”, older form used in compounds)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "神",
"pos": "newer form, used as a standalone noun",
"tr": "kami"
},
"expansion": "神 (kami, newer form, used as a standalone noun)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "身",
"3": "根",
"sort": "むね",
"t1": "body",
"t2": "root",
"tr1": "mu",
"tr2": "ne"
},
"expansion": "身 (mu, “body”) + 根 (ne, “root”)",
"name": "compound"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "棟",
"3": "",
"4": "main roofline, roof ridge",
"tr": "mune"
},
"expansion": "棟 (mune, “main roofline, roof ridge”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "宗"
},
"expansion": "宗",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "旨",
"3": "",
"4": "gist, main idea, primary part",
"tr": "mune"
},
"expansion": "旨 (mune, “gist, main idea, primary part”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "胸",
"tr": "mune"
},
"expansion": "胸 (mune)",
"name": "m-self"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "棟",
"tr": "mune"
},
"expansion": "棟 (mune)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "棟"
},
"expansion": "棟",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "宗"
},
"expansion": "宗",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "宗"
},
"expansion": "宗",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "旨",
"tr": "mune"
},
"expansion": "旨 (mune)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1001-1004"
},
"expansion": "circa 1001-1004",
"name": "circa2"
},
{
"args": {
"nodots": "1"
},
"expansion": "CE",
"name": "C.E."
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "CE",
"name": "CE"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *munay. The apophony is similar to the phonetic process observed in the shift from 神 (kamu, “spirit, god”, older form used in compounds) to 神 (kami, newer form, used as a standalone noun); see AJPX.\nAlternatively, may be a compound of 身 (mu, “body”) + 根 (ne, “root”). Other theories have been suggested.\nThe first edition of the Nihon Kokugo Daijiten says that this is cognate with 棟 (mune, “main roofline, roof ridge”) and 宗, 旨 (mune, “gist, main idea, primary part”), from the underlying idea of central or main portion. However, the accent of 胸 (mune) in the Heian period is HL, while the accent of 棟 (mune) is HH. This suggests that they may not be directly related.\nNotably, 棟 and 宗 also have an older reading muna that is only used in compounds (for 宗, possibly only in place names). Meanwhile, 旨 (mune) (Heian HH) appears in The Tale of Genji of circa 1001-1004, and this reading is used as a standalone noun rather than in compounds. This is consistent with other nouns that have paired vowel forms, and suggests that muna is probably the original form, and that the compound derivation is a folk etymology.\nFirst attested in the Kojiki of 712 CE.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "胸",
"ruby": [
[
"胸",
"むね"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "mune",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "むね"
},
"expansion": "胸(むね) • (mune)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"chest, breast"
],
"links": [
[
"chest",
"chest"
],
[
"breast",
"breast"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "the passion in one's heart",
"roman": "mune no naka no atsui omoi",
"ruby": [
[
"胸",
"むね"
],
[
"中",
"なか"
],
[
"熱",
"あつ"
],
[
"思",
"おも"
]
],
"text": "胸の中の熱い思い"
}
],
"glosses": [
"heart, inner thoughts"
],
"links": [
[
"heart",
"heart"
],
[
"inner",
"inner"
],
[
"thought",
"thought"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "No matter what clothes she wears, her chest always stands out.",
"roman": "Kanojo wa donna fuku o kite mo mune ga medachimasu.",
"ruby": [
[
"彼女",
"かのじょ"
],
[
"服",
"ふく"
],
[
"着",
"き"
],
[
"胸",
"むね"
],
[
"目立",
"めだ"
]
],
"text": "彼女はどんな服を着ても胸が目立ちます。"
}
],
"glosses": [
"bosom, breasts"
],
"links": [
[
"bosom",
"bosom"
],
[
"breasts",
"breasts"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "むね"
},
{
"ipa": "[mɯ̟ᵝne̞]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "kokoro",
"ruby": [
[
"心",
"こころ"
]
],
"sense": "heart",
"word": "心"
},
{
"roman": "oppai",
"sense": "breasts",
"word": "おっぱい"
},
{
"roman": "chichi",
"sense": "breasts",
"word": "乳"
},
{
"roman": "chibusa",
"sense": "breasts",
"word": "乳房"
},
{
"roman": "nyūbō",
"sense": "breasts",
"word": "乳房"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Jōdai Tokushu Kanazukai",
"Kojiki",
"The Tale of Genji"
],
"word": "胸"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"胸"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "胸",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"胸"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "胸",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Japanese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.