See 災 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for 災 meaning in Japanese (7.0kB)
{
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Grade 5 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"id": "en-災-ja-character-47DEQpj8",
"tags": [
"grade-5-kanji",
"kanji",
"no-gloss"
]
}
],
"word": "災"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-",
"sort": "さい"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "災",
"3": "",
"4": "calamity",
"tr": "tsoj"
},
"expansion": "災／灾 (tsoj, “calamity”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Chinese 災／灾 (tsoj, “calamity”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "災",
"ruby": [
[
"災",
"さい"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "sai",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "さい"
},
"expansion": "災(さい) • (sai)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "saigai",
"word": "災害: disaster"
},
{
"english": "emphasis on the damage therefrom",
"word": "calamity"
},
{
"english": "misfortune, disaster, catastrophe",
"roman": "sainan",
"ruby": [
[
"災難",
"さいなん"
]
],
"word": "災難"
},
{
"english": "conflagration, fire",
"roman": "kasai",
"ruby": [
[
"火",
"か"
],
[
"災",
"さい"
]
],
"word": "火災"
}
],
"glosses": [
"an act of God, a disaster, a calamity"
],
"id": "en-災-ja-noun-K4kS4Ax9",
"links": [
[
"act of God",
"act of God"
],
[
"disaster",
"disaster"
],
[
"calamity",
"calamity"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[sa̠i]"
}
],
"word": "災"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ojp",
"3": "-",
"sort": "わざわい"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "業",
"2": "わざ",
"3": "deed, doings"
},
"expansion": "業(わざ) (waza, “deed, doings”)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "神",
"2": "かみ",
"3": "gods, spirits"
},
"expansion": "神(かみ) (kami, “gods, spirits”)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "這い",
"2": "はい",
"3": "spreading widely",
"linkto": "這う",
"lit": "crawling"
},
"expansion": "這(は)い (hai, “spreading widely”, literally “crawling”)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "幸",
"2": "さきわい",
"3": "good fortune",
"linkto": "幸#sakiwai"
},
"expansion": "幸(さきわい) (sakiwai, “good fortune”)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "act of God"
},
"expansion": "act of God",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "災い",
"2": "わざわい"
},
"expansion": "災(わざわ)い (wazawai)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "い"
},
"expansion": "い (i)",
"name": "ja-r"
}
],
"etymology_text": "/wazapapi/ → /wazaɸaɸi/ → /wazawahi/ → /wazawai/\nFrom Old Japanese. Originally a compound of 業(わざ) (waza, “deed, doings”), in reference to the doings of the 神(かみ) (kami, “gods, spirits”) + 這(は)い (hai, “spreading widely”, literally “crawling”). Compare the etymology of 幸(さきわい) (sakiwai, “good fortune”). Compare also the connotations of the English term act of God in reference to disasters.\nOften spelled 災(わざわ)い (wazawai) with the trailing okurigana い (i) to make the reading more explicit.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "災",
"ruby": [
[
"災",
"わざわい"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "wazawai",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "wazafafi",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "わざはひ",
"roman": "wazafafi",
"tags": [
"hiragana",
"historical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "わざわい",
"hhira": "わざはひ"
},
"expansion": "災(わざわい) • (wazawai) ^(←わざはひ (wazafafi)?)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"an act of God, a disaster, a calamity"
],
"id": "en-災-ja-noun-K4kS4Ax91",
"links": [
[
"act of God",
"act of God"
],
[
"disaster",
"disaster"
],
[
"calamity",
"calamity"
]
],
"related": [
{
"english": "to turn a calamity into good fortune",
"roman": "wazawai o tenjite fuku to nasu",
"ruby": [
[
"災",
"わざわい"
],
[
"転",
"てん"
],
[
"福",
"ふく"
],
[
"為",
"な"
]
],
"word": "災を転じて福と為す: → when life gives you lemons, make lemonade"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "わざわい"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɰᵝa̠za̠ɰᵝa̠i]"
}
],
"word": "災"
}
{
"categories": [
"Grade 5 kanji",
"Japanese Han characters",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese kanji with goon reading さい",
"Japanese kanji with historical kun reading わざは-ひ",
"Japanese kanji with kan'on reading さい",
"Japanese kanji with kun reading わざわ-い",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with manual fragments",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese single-kanji terms",
"Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms spelled with fifth grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with 災",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant transliterations",
"Japanese terms written with one Han script character"
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"tags": [
"grade-5-kanji",
"kanji",
"no-gloss"
]
}
],
"word": "災"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with manual fragments",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese single-kanji terms",
"Japanese terms borrowed from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms spelled with fifth grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with 災",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with one Han script character"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "saigai",
"word": "災害: disaster"
},
{
"english": "emphasis on the damage therefrom",
"word": "calamity"
},
{
"english": "misfortune, disaster, catastrophe",
"roman": "sainan",
"ruby": [
[
"災難",
"さいなん"
]
],
"word": "災難"
},
{
"english": "conflagration, fire",
"roman": "kasai",
"ruby": [
[
"火",
"か"
],
[
"災",
"さい"
]
],
"word": "火災"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-",
"sort": "さい"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "災",
"3": "",
"4": "calamity",
"tr": "tsoj"
},
"expansion": "災／灾 (tsoj, “calamity”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Chinese 災／灾 (tsoj, “calamity”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "災",
"ruby": [
[
"災",
"さい"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "sai",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "さい"
},
"expansion": "災(さい) • (sai)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"an act of God, a disaster, a calamity"
],
"links": [
[
"act of God",
"act of God"
],
[
"disaster",
"disaster"
],
[
"calamity",
"calamity"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[sa̠i]"
}
],
"word": "災"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with manual fragments",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese single-kanji terms",
"Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms spelled with fifth grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with 災",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with one Han script character"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ojp",
"3": "-",
"sort": "わざわい"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "業",
"2": "わざ",
"3": "deed, doings"
},
"expansion": "業(わざ) (waza, “deed, doings”)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "神",
"2": "かみ",
"3": "gods, spirits"
},
"expansion": "神(かみ) (kami, “gods, spirits”)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "這い",
"2": "はい",
"3": "spreading widely",
"linkto": "這う",
"lit": "crawling"
},
"expansion": "這(は)い (hai, “spreading widely”, literally “crawling”)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "幸",
"2": "さきわい",
"3": "good fortune",
"linkto": "幸#sakiwai"
},
"expansion": "幸(さきわい) (sakiwai, “good fortune”)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "act of God"
},
"expansion": "act of God",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "災い",
"2": "わざわい"
},
"expansion": "災(わざわ)い (wazawai)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "い"
},
"expansion": "い (i)",
"name": "ja-r"
}
],
"etymology_text": "/wazapapi/ → /wazaɸaɸi/ → /wazawahi/ → /wazawai/\nFrom Old Japanese. Originally a compound of 業(わざ) (waza, “deed, doings”), in reference to the doings of the 神(かみ) (kami, “gods, spirits”) + 這(は)い (hai, “spreading widely”, literally “crawling”). Compare the etymology of 幸(さきわい) (sakiwai, “good fortune”). Compare also the connotations of the English term act of God in reference to disasters.\nOften spelled 災(わざわ)い (wazawai) with the trailing okurigana い (i) to make the reading more explicit.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "災",
"ruby": [
[
"災",
"わざわい"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "wazawai",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "wazafafi",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "わざはひ",
"roman": "wazafafi",
"tags": [
"hiragana",
"historical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "わざわい",
"hhira": "わざはひ"
},
"expansion": "災(わざわい) • (wazawai) ^(←わざはひ (wazafafi)?)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"english": "to turn a calamity into good fortune",
"roman": "wazawai o tenjite fuku to nasu",
"ruby": [
[
"災",
"わざわい"
],
[
"転",
"てん"
],
[
"福",
"ふく"
],
[
"為",
"な"
]
],
"word": "災を転じて福と為す: → when life gives you lemons, make lemonade"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"an act of God, a disaster, a calamity"
],
"links": [
[
"act of God",
"act of God"
],
[
"disaster",
"disaster"
],
[
"calamity",
"calamity"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "わざわい"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɰᵝa̠za̠ɰᵝa̠i]"
}
],
"word": "災"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"災"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "災",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <span> not properly closed",
"path": [
"災"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "災",
"trace": "started on line 2, detected on line 2"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"災"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "災",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Japanese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-16 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (e268c0e and 304864d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.