"である" meaning in Japanese

See である in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

Forms: de aru [romanization], であり [stem], であった [past]
Etymology: From にてあり (nite ari). * にて (nite) → で (de), contraction * あり (ari, classical conclusive form) → ある (aru, modern conclusive form) Etymology templates: {{ja-r|にて あり}} にてあり (nite ari), {{ja-r|にて}} にて (nite), {{ja-r|で}} で (de), {{ja-r|あり|pos=classical conclusive form}} あり (ari, classical conclusive form), {{ja-r|ある|pos=modern conclusive form}} ある (aru, modern conclusive form) Head templates: {{ja-verb|で ある|type=1}} である • (de aru) godan (stem であり (de ari), past であった (de atta))
  1. (formal) To be: the copula, with the same function as だ (da) and its polite form です (desu). Tags: formal Synonyms: であります (de arimasu) [polite], でやんす (deyansu), でございます (de gozaimasu) [polite], なり (nari) [archaic] Synonyms (Edo-period Kyoto and Osaka dialect): であんす (de ansu) Synonyms (archaic) でござる (de gozaru): でござります (de gozarimasu) [archaic, polite] Synonyms (used by prostitute in Yoshiwara): でありんす (de arinsu) [historical] Derived forms: (da), です (desu), じゃ (ja)

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

Download JSON data for である meaning in Japanese (3.6kB)

{
  "antonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "de nai",
      "word": "でない"
    },
    {
      "roman": "de wa nai",
      "word": "ではない"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "にて あり"
      },
      "expansion": "にてあり (nite ari)",
      "name": "ja-r"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "にて"
      },
      "expansion": "にて (nite)",
      "name": "ja-r"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "で"
      },
      "expansion": "で (de)",
      "name": "ja-r"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "あり",
        "pos": "classical conclusive form"
      },
      "expansion": "あり (ari, classical conclusive form)",
      "name": "ja-r"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ある",
        "pos": "modern conclusive form"
      },
      "expansion": "ある (aru, modern conclusive form)",
      "name": "ja-r"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From にてあり (nite ari).\n* にて (nite) → で (de), contraction\n* あり (ari, classical conclusive form) → ある (aru, modern conclusive form)",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "de aru",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "であり",
      "roman": "de ari",
      "tags": [
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "であった",
      "roman": "de atta",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "で ある",
        "type": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "である • (de aru) godan (stem であり (de ari), past であった (de atta))",
      "name": "ja-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with manual fragments",
          "parents": [
            "Links with manual fragments",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant alt parameters",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese verbs without transitivity",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "roman": "da",
          "word": "だ"
        },
        {
          "roman": "desu",
          "word": "です"
        },
        {
          "roman": "ja",
          "word": "じゃ"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "the two people who were sisters",
          "roman": "shimai de atta futari",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "姉",
              "し"
            ],
            [
              "妹",
              "まい"
            ],
            [
              "二人",
              "ふたり"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "姉妹であった二人"
        },
        {
          "english": "person who wants to be ordinary",
          "roman": "futsū de aritai hito",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "普",
              "ふ"
            ],
            [
              "通",
              "つう"
            ],
            [
              "人",
              "ひと"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "普通でありたい人"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To be: the copula, with the same function as だ (da) and its polite form です (desu)."
      ],
      "id": "en-である-ja-verb-NDgmVOnx",
      "links": [
        [
          "be",
          "be"
        ],
        [
          "copula",
          "copula"
        ],
        [
          "だ",
          "だ#Japanese"
        ],
        [
          "です",
          "です#Japanese"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(formal) To be: the copula, with the same function as だ (da) and its polite form です (desu)."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "roman": "de arimasu",
          "tags": [
            "polite"
          ],
          "word": "であります"
        },
        {
          "roman": "deyansu",
          "word": "でやんす"
        },
        {
          "roman": "de gozaimasu",
          "tags": [
            "polite"
          ],
          "word": "でございます"
        },
        {
          "roman": "nari",
          "tags": [
            "archaic"
          ],
          "word": "なり"
        },
        {
          "roman": "de arinsu",
          "sense": "used by prostitute in Yoshiwara",
          "tags": [
            "historical"
          ],
          "word": "でありんす"
        },
        {
          "roman": "de ansu",
          "sense": "Edo-period Kyoto and Osaka dialect",
          "word": "であんす"
        },
        {
          "roman": "de gozarimasu",
          "sense": "archaic) でござる (de gozaru",
          "tags": [
            "archaic",
            "polite"
          ],
          "word": "でござります"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "である"
}
{
  "antonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "de nai",
      "word": "でない"
    },
    {
      "roman": "de wa nai",
      "word": "ではない"
    }
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "roman": "da",
      "word": "だ"
    },
    {
      "roman": "desu",
      "word": "です"
    },
    {
      "roman": "ja",
      "word": "じゃ"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "にて あり"
      },
      "expansion": "にてあり (nite ari)",
      "name": "ja-r"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "にて"
      },
      "expansion": "にて (nite)",
      "name": "ja-r"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "で"
      },
      "expansion": "で (de)",
      "name": "ja-r"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "あり",
        "pos": "classical conclusive form"
      },
      "expansion": "あり (ari, classical conclusive form)",
      "name": "ja-r"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ある",
        "pos": "modern conclusive form"
      },
      "expansion": "ある (aru, modern conclusive form)",
      "name": "ja-r"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From にてあり (nite ari).\n* にて (nite) → で (de), contraction\n* あり (ari, classical conclusive form) → ある (aru, modern conclusive form)",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "de aru",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "であり",
      "roman": "de ari",
      "tags": [
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "であった",
      "roman": "de atta",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "で ある",
        "type": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "である • (de aru) godan (stem であり (de ari), past であった (de atta))",
      "name": "ja-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
        "Japanese formal terms",
        "Japanese hiragana",
        "Japanese lemmas",
        "Japanese links with manual fragments",
        "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
        "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
        "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
        "Japanese terms with usage examples",
        "Japanese type 1 verbs",
        "Japanese verbs",
        "Japanese verbs without transitivity"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "the two people who were sisters",
          "roman": "shimai de atta futari",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "姉",
              "し"
            ],
            [
              "妹",
              "まい"
            ],
            [
              "二人",
              "ふたり"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "姉妹であった二人"
        },
        {
          "english": "person who wants to be ordinary",
          "roman": "futsū de aritai hito",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "普",
              "ふ"
            ],
            [
              "通",
              "つう"
            ],
            [
              "人",
              "ひと"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "普通でありたい人"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To be: the copula, with the same function as だ (da) and its polite form です (desu)."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "be",
          "be"
        ],
        [
          "copula",
          "copula"
        ],
        [
          "だ",
          "だ#Japanese"
        ],
        [
          "です",
          "です#Japanese"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(formal) To be: the copula, with the same function as だ (da) and its polite form です (desu)."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "de arimasu",
      "tags": [
        "polite"
      ],
      "word": "であります"
    },
    {
      "roman": "de arinsu",
      "sense": "used by prostitute in Yoshiwara",
      "tags": [
        "historical"
      ],
      "word": "でありんす"
    },
    {
      "roman": "de ansu",
      "sense": "Edo-period Kyoto and Osaka dialect",
      "word": "であんす"
    },
    {
      "roman": "deyansu",
      "word": "でやんす"
    },
    {
      "roman": "de gozarimasu",
      "sense": "archaic) でござる (de gozaru",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "polite"
      ],
      "word": "でござります"
    },
    {
      "roman": "de gozaimasu",
      "tags": [
        "polite"
      ],
      "word": "でございます"
    },
    {
      "roman": "nari",
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ],
      "word": "なり"
    }
  ],
  "word": "である"
}
{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
  "path": [
    "である"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "である",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Japanese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-12 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (ae36afe and 304864d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.