See bruth in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "bruithean"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "wrack",
"word": "bruth faoi thír"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "hot, fiery; napped, fluffy",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "bruthach"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "hairy, unkempt, person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bruthaire"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "(slight) rash",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bruthán"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰrewh₁-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "sga",
"3": "bruth"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish bruth",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*brutus",
"t": "fermentation, boiling heat"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *brutus (“fermentation, boiling heat”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰrewh₁-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰrewh₁-",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Irish bruth, from Proto-Celtic *brutus (“fermentation, boiling heat”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰrewh₁-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "brutha",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bruthanna",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "bruth",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bruthanna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "a bhruth",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "a bhruthanna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "brutha",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bruthanna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bruth",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bruthanna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "an bruth",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "na bruthanna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "an bhrutha",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "na mbruthanna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "leis an mbruth",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "don bhruth",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "leis na bruthanna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "broth",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"10": "",
"11": "nominative plural",
"12": "bruthanna",
"13": "",
"14": "",
"15": "",
"16": "",
"2": "noun",
"3": "genitive singular",
"4": "brutha",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"f1request": "1",
"f4request": "1",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "bruth m (genitive singular brutha, nominative plural bruthanna)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "~a",
"3": "~anna"
},
"expansion": "bruth m (genitive singular brutha, nominative plural bruthanna)",
"name": "ga-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"heat"
],
"id": "en-bruth-ga-noun-WioO2ao6",
"links": [
[
"heat",
"heat"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"rash, eruption"
],
"id": "en-bruth-ga-noun-pJR1sqgM",
"links": [
[
"rash",
"rash"
],
[
"eruption",
"eruption"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ga",
"name": "Textiles",
"orig": "ga:Textiles",
"parents": [
"Materials",
"Manufacturing",
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "3 3 28 30 36",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"nap, pile, covering"
],
"id": "en-bruth-ga-noun-iYY5Kc-s",
"links": [
[
"textiles",
"textiles"
],
[
"nap",
"nap"
],
[
"pile",
"pile"
],
[
"covering",
"covering"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(textiles) nap, pile, covering"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "caitín"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"business",
"manufacturing",
"textiles"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 3 28 30 36",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 27 35 22 9 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 4 20 30 16 15 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 4 20 30 16 15 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"surf"
],
"id": "en-bruth-ga-noun-AZkxFyi-",
"links": [
[
"surf",
"surf"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bˠɾˠʊ(h)/"
},
{
"ipa": "/bˠɾˠɞh/",
"tags": [
"Kerry"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bˠɾˠɯh/",
"tags": [
"Kerry"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bˠɾˠuː/",
"tags": [
"Aran"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
],
"word": "bruth"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"forms": [
{
"form": "bruithe",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular",
"substantive"
]
},
{
"form": "as verbal noun bruite",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ga-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "bruth",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "bhruth",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "mbruth",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"10": "bruite",
"11": "",
"12": "-",
"13": "",
"14": "",
"15": "",
"16": "",
"2": "noun",
"3": "genitive singular as substantive",
"4": "bruithe",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "genitive as verbal noun",
"cat2": "",
"f1request": "1",
"f4request": "1",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "bruth f (genitive singular as substantive bruithe, genitive as verbal noun bruite)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "bruithe",
"3": "-",
"vngen": "bruite"
},
"expansion": "bruth f (genitive singular as substantive bruithe, genitive as verbal noun bruite)",
"name": "ga-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "ga-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "bruith"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 3 28 30 36",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of bruith"
],
"id": "en-bruth-ga-noun-A7qgv1-I",
"links": [
[
"bruith",
"bruith#Irish"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bˠɾˠʊ(h)/"
},
{
"ipa": "/bˠɾˠɞh/",
"tags": [
"Kerry"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bˠɾˠɯh/",
"tags": [
"Kerry"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bˠɾˠuː/",
"tags": [
"Aran"
]
}
],
"word": "bruth"
}
{
"categories": [
"Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"Irish feminine nouns",
"Irish lemmas",
"Irish masculine nouns",
"Irish nouns",
"Irish terms derived from Old Irish",
"Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Irish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Irish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰrewh₁-",
"Irish terms inherited from Old Irish",
"Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
"Irish terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Irish third-declension nouns",
"Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Irish lemmas",
"Old Irish masculine nouns",
"Old Irish masculine u-stem nouns",
"Old Irish nouns",
"Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old Irish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰrewh₁-",
"Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
"Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "bruithean"
},
{
"english": "wrack",
"word": "bruth faoi thír"
},
{
"english": "hot, fiery; napped, fluffy",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "bruthach"
},
{
"english": "hairy, unkempt, person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bruthaire"
},
{
"english": "(slight) rash",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bruthán"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰrewh₁-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "sga",
"3": "bruth"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish bruth",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*brutus",
"t": "fermentation, boiling heat"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *brutus (“fermentation, boiling heat”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰrewh₁-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰrewh₁-",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Irish bruth, from Proto-Celtic *brutus (“fermentation, boiling heat”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰrewh₁-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "brutha",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bruthanna",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "bruth",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bruthanna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "a bhruth",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "a bhruthanna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "brutha",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bruthanna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bruth",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bruthanna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "an bruth",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "na bruthanna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "an bhrutha",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "na mbruthanna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "leis an mbruth",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "don bhruth",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "leis na bruthanna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "broth",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"10": "",
"11": "nominative plural",
"12": "bruthanna",
"13": "",
"14": "",
"15": "",
"16": "",
"2": "noun",
"3": "genitive singular",
"4": "brutha",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"f1request": "1",
"f4request": "1",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "bruth m (genitive singular brutha, nominative plural bruthanna)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "~a",
"3": "~anna"
},
"expansion": "bruth m (genitive singular brutha, nominative plural bruthanna)",
"name": "ga-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"heat"
],
"links": [
[
"heat",
"heat"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"rash, eruption"
],
"links": [
[
"rash",
"rash"
],
[
"eruption",
"eruption"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"ga:Textiles"
],
"glosses": [
"nap, pile, covering"
],
"links": [
[
"textiles",
"textiles"
],
[
"nap",
"nap"
],
[
"pile",
"pile"
],
[
"covering",
"covering"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(textiles) nap, pile, covering"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "caitín"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"business",
"manufacturing",
"textiles"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"surf"
],
"links": [
[
"surf",
"surf"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bˠɾˠʊ(h)/"
},
{
"ipa": "/bˠɾˠɞh/",
"tags": [
"Kerry"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bˠɾˠɯh/",
"tags": [
"Kerry"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bˠɾˠuː/",
"tags": [
"Aran"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
],
"word": "bruth"
}
{
"categories": [
"Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"Irish feminine nouns",
"Irish lemmas",
"Irish nouns",
"Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Irish lemmas",
"Old Irish masculine nouns",
"Old Irish masculine u-stem nouns",
"Old Irish nouns",
"Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old Irish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰrewh₁-",
"Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
"Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"forms": [
{
"form": "bruithe",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular",
"substantive"
]
},
{
"form": "as verbal noun bruite",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ga-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "bruth",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "bhruth",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "mbruth",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"10": "bruite",
"11": "",
"12": "-",
"13": "",
"14": "",
"15": "",
"16": "",
"2": "noun",
"3": "genitive singular as substantive",
"4": "bruithe",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "genitive as verbal noun",
"cat2": "",
"f1request": "1",
"f4request": "1",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "bruth f (genitive singular as substantive bruithe, genitive as verbal noun bruite)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "bruithe",
"3": "-",
"vngen": "bruite"
},
"expansion": "bruth f (genitive singular as substantive bruithe, genitive as verbal noun bruite)",
"name": "ga-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "ga-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "bruith"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of bruith"
],
"links": [
[
"bruith",
"bruith#Irish"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bˠɾˠʊ(h)/"
},
{
"ipa": "/bˠɾˠɞh/",
"tags": [
"Kerry"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bˠɾˠɯh/",
"tags": [
"Kerry"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bˠɾˠuː/",
"tags": [
"Aran"
]
}
],
"word": "bruth"
}
Download raw JSONL data for bruth meaning in Irish (7.2kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: bruth/Irish 'radical' base_tags=set()",
"path": [
"bruth"
],
"section": "Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "bruth",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'lenition'",
"path": [
"bruth"
],
"section": "Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "bruth",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'eclipsis'",
"path": [
"bruth"
],
"section": "Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "bruth",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Irish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-23 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-21 using wiktextract (fef8596 and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.