navrer in French

IPA: /na.vʁe/ Audio: LL-Q150 (fra)-Lyokoï-navrer.wav

[Show additional information ▼] [Hide additional information ▲]

Etymology: Inherited from Middle French navrer (“to wound”), from Old French navrer, nafrer (“to hurt by piercing or cutting, pierce through the heart, break someone's heart”), first attested in Norman texts; then later, through chivalry, in texts from Central and Southern France. Further origin uncertain, but likely from Old Norse nafra (“to pierce or bore with an auger”), from nafarr (“auger”). Compare Catalan nafrar (“to wound”). Alternatively, derivation from Latin naufragāre (“to make or become shipwrecked, ruin, spoil”) has also been suggested, although this is less likely based on phonological and semantic grounds: naufragāre would have typically resulted in Old French *nofraier, *noufrayer rather than navrer, nafrer. Etymology templates: {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|fr|frm|navrer||to wound|g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Middle French navrer (“to wound”), {{inh+|fr|frm|navrer||to wound}} Inherited from Middle French navrer (“to wound”), {{inh|fr|fro|navrer}} Old French navrer, {{der|fr|non|nafra|t=to pierce or bore with an auger}} Old Norse nafra (“to pierce or bore with an auger”), {{cog|ca|nafrar|t=to wound}} Catalan nafrar (“to wound”), {{der|fr|la|naufragō|naufragāre|t=to make or become shipwrecked, ruin, spoil}} Latin naufragāre (“to make or become shipwrecked, ruin, spoil”) Head templates: {{fr-verb}} navrer Inflection templates: {{fr-conj-auto}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], navrer [infinitive], avoir + past participle [infinitive, multiword-construction], navrant [gerund, participle, present], ayant + past participle [gerund, multiword-construction, participle, present], navré [participle, past], navre [first-person, indicative, present, singular], navres [indicative, present, second-person, singular], navre [indicative, present, singular, third-person], navrons [first-person, indicative, plural, present], navrez [indicative, plural, present, second-person], navrent [indicative, plural, present, third-person], navrais [first-person, imperfect, indicative, singular], navrais [imperfect, indicative, second-person, singular], navrait [imperfect, indicative, singular, third-person], navrions [first-person, imperfect, indicative, plural], navriez [imperfect, indicative, plural, second-person], navraient [imperfect, indicative, plural, third-person], navrai [first-person, historic, indicative, past, singular], navras [historic, indicative, past, second-person, singular], navra [historic, indicative, past, singular, third-person], navrâmes [first-person, historic, indicative, past, plural], navrâtes [historic, indicative, past, plural, second-person], navrèrent [historic, indicative, past, plural, third-person], navrerai [first-person, future, indicative, singular], navreras [future, indicative, second-person, singular], navrera [future, indicative, singular, third-person], navrerons [first-person, future, indicative, plural], navrerez [future, indicative, plural, second-person], navreront [future, indicative, plural, third-person], navrerais [conditional, first-person, singular], navrerais [conditional, second-person, singular], navrerait [conditional, singular, third-person], navrerions [conditional, first-person, plural], navreriez [conditional, plural, second-person], navreraient [conditional, plural, third-person], present indicative of avoir + past participle [indicative, multiword-construction, perfect, present], imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle [indicative, multiword-construction, pluperfect], past historic of avoir + past participle [anterior, indicative, multiword-construction, past], future of avoir + past participle [future, indicative, multiword-construction, perfect], conditional of avoir + past participle [conditional, multiword-construction, perfect], navre [first-person, present, singular, subjunctive], navres [present, second-person, singular, subjunctive], navre [present, singular, subjunctive, third-person], navrions [first-person, plural, present, subjunctive], navriez [plural, present, second-person, subjunctive], navrent [plural, present, subjunctive, third-person], navrasse [first-person, imperfect, singular, subjunctive], navrasses [imperfect, second-person, singular, subjunctive], navrât [imperfect, singular, subjunctive, third-person], navrassions [first-person, imperfect, plural, subjunctive], navrassiez [imperfect, plural, second-person, subjunctive], navrassent [imperfect, plural, subjunctive, third-person], present subjunctive of avoir + past participle [multiword-construction, past, subjunctive], imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle [multiword-construction, pluperfect, subjunctive], navre [imperative, second-person, singular], navrons [first-person, imperative, plural], navrez [imperative, plural, second-person], simple imperative of avoir + past participle [imperative, multiword-construction, second-person, singular], simple imperative of avoir + past participle [first-person, imperative, multiword-construction, plural], simple imperative of avoir + past participle [imperative, multiword-construction, plural, second-person]

Inflected forms

[Show JSON for postprocessed kaikki.org data shown on this page ▼] [Hide JSON for postprocessed kaikki.org data shown on this page ▲]

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "navrance"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "navrant"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "navré"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "navrement"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "navrure"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "navrer",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to wound",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Middle French navrer (“to wound”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "navrer",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to wound"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Middle French navrer (“to wound”)",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "navrer"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French navrer",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "non",
        "3": "nafra",
        "t": "to pierce or bore with an auger"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse nafra (“to pierce or bore with an auger”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ca",
        "2": "nafrar",
        "t": "to wound"
      },
      "expansion": "Catalan nafrar (“to wound”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "naufragō",
        "4": "naufragāre",
        "t": "to make or become shipwrecked, ruin, spoil"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin naufragāre (“to make or become shipwrecked, ruin, spoil”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle French navrer (“to wound”), from Old French navrer, nafrer (“to hurt by piercing or cutting, pierce through the heart, break someone's heart”), first attested in Norman texts; then later, through chivalry, in texts from Central and Southern France.\nFurther origin uncertain, but likely from Old Norse nafra (“to pierce or bore with an auger”), from nafarr (“auger”). Compare Catalan nafrar (“to wound”).\nAlternatively, derivation from Latin naufragāre (“to make or become shipwrecked, ruin, spoil”) has also been suggested, although this is less likely based on phonological and semantic grounds: naufragāre would have typically resulted in Old French *nofraier, *noufrayer rather than navrer, nafrer.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fr-conj-auto",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrer",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrant",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁɑ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ayant + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "multiword-construction",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navré",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navre",
      "ipa": "/navʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navres",
      "ipa": "/navʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navre",
      "ipa": "/navʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrons",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrez",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrent",
      "ipa": "/navʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrais",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrais",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrait",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrions",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁi.jɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navriez",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁi.je/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navraient",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrai",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navras",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navra",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrâmes",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁam/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrâtes",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁat/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrèrent",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁɛʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrerai",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁə.ʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navreras",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁə.ʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrera",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁə.ʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrerons",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁə.ʁɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrerez",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁə.ʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navreront",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁə.ʁɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrerais",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁə.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrerais",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁə.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrerait",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁə.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrerions",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁə.ʁjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navreriez",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁə.ʁje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navreraient",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁə.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present indicative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "past historic of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "anterior",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "future of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "conditional of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navre",
      "ipa": "/navʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navres",
      "ipa": "/navʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navre",
      "ipa": "/navʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrions",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁi.jɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navriez",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁi.je/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrent",
      "ipa": "/navʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrasse",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrasses",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrât",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrassions",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁa.sjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrassiez",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁa.sje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrassent",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navre",
      "ipa": "/navʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrons",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrez",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "navrer",
      "name": "fr-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "fr-conj-auto"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "French",
  "lang_code": "fr",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "47 25 28",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "44 29 28",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French verbs with conjugation -er",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "62 19 20",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 2 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "62 19 19",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "51 35 14",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "fr",
          "name": "Violence",
          "orig": "fr:Violence",
          "parents": [
            "Human behaviour",
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to cause great pain or affliction"
      ],
      "id": "en-navrer-fr-verb-lp58s1e5",
      "links": [
        [
          "pain",
          "pain"
        ],
        [
          "affliction",
          "affliction"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to cause great pain or affliction"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "to upset; dismay"
      ],
      "id": "en-navrer-fr-verb-w-DVMSoG",
      "links": [
        [
          "upset",
          "upset"
        ],
        [
          "dismay",
          "dismay"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive, figurative, now chiefly used in the participle) to upset; dismay"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "used in the participle"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "agacer"
        },
        {
          "word": "contrarier"
        },
        {
          "word": "fâcher"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "to wound"
      ],
      "id": "en-navrer-fr-verb-jaAUjlhj",
      "links": [
        [
          "wound",
          "wound"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive, obsolete or dialectal) to wound"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "blesser"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "dialectal",
        "obsolete",
        "transitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/na.vʁe/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-Lyokoï-navrer.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e2/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lyoko%C3%AF-navrer.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lyoko%C3%AF-navrer.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e2/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lyoko%C3%AF-navrer.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lyoko%C3%AF-navrer.wav.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "word": "navrer"
}

[Show JSON for raw wiktextract data ▼] [Hide JSON for raw wiktextract data ▲]

{
  "categories": [
    "French 2-syllable words",
    "French entries with incorrect language header",
    "French first group verbs",
    "French lemmas",
    "French terms derived from Latin",
    "French terms derived from Middle French",
    "French terms derived from Old French",
    "French terms derived from Old Norse",
    "French terms inherited from Middle French",
    "French terms inherited from Old French",
    "French terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "French verbs",
    "French verbs with conjugation -er",
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "fr:Violence"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "navrance"
    },
    {
      "word": "navrant"
    },
    {
      "word": "navré"
    },
    {
      "word": "navrement"
    },
    {
      "word": "navrure"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "navrer",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to wound",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Middle French navrer (“to wound”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "navrer",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to wound"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Middle French navrer (“to wound”)",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "navrer"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French navrer",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "non",
        "3": "nafra",
        "t": "to pierce or bore with an auger"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse nafra (“to pierce or bore with an auger”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ca",
        "2": "nafrar",
        "t": "to wound"
      },
      "expansion": "Catalan nafrar (“to wound”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "naufragō",
        "4": "naufragāre",
        "t": "to make or become shipwrecked, ruin, spoil"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin naufragāre (“to make or become shipwrecked, ruin, spoil”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle French navrer (“to wound”), from Old French navrer, nafrer (“to hurt by piercing or cutting, pierce through the heart, break someone's heart”), first attested in Norman texts; then later, through chivalry, in texts from Central and Southern France.\nFurther origin uncertain, but likely from Old Norse nafra (“to pierce or bore with an auger”), from nafarr (“auger”). Compare Catalan nafrar (“to wound”).\nAlternatively, derivation from Latin naufragāre (“to make or become shipwrecked, ruin, spoil”) has also been suggested, although this is less likely based on phonological and semantic grounds: naufragāre would have typically resulted in Old French *nofraier, *noufrayer rather than navrer, nafrer.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fr-conj-auto",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrer",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrant",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁɑ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ayant + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "multiword-construction",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navré",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navre",
      "ipa": "/navʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navres",
      "ipa": "/navʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navre",
      "ipa": "/navʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrons",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrez",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrent",
      "ipa": "/navʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrais",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrais",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrait",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrions",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁi.jɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navriez",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁi.je/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navraient",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrai",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navras",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navra",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrâmes",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁam/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrâtes",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁat/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrèrent",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁɛʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrerai",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁə.ʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navreras",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁə.ʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrera",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁə.ʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrerons",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁə.ʁɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrerez",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁə.ʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navreront",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁə.ʁɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrerais",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁə.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrerais",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁə.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrerait",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁə.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrerions",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁə.ʁjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navreriez",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁə.ʁje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navreraient",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁə.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present indicative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "past historic of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "anterior",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "future of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "conditional of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navre",
      "ipa": "/navʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navres",
      "ipa": "/navʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navre",
      "ipa": "/navʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrions",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁi.jɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navriez",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁi.je/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrent",
      "ipa": "/navʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrasse",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrasses",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrât",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrassions",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁa.sjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrassiez",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁa.sje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrassent",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navre",
      "ipa": "/navʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrons",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrez",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "navrer",
      "name": "fr-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "fr-conj-auto"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "French",
  "lang_code": "fr",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "French transitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to cause great pain or affliction"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "pain",
          "pain"
        ],
        [
          "affliction",
          "affliction"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to cause great pain or affliction"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "French transitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to upset; dismay"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "upset",
          "upset"
        ],
        [
          "dismay",
          "dismay"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive, figurative, now chiefly used in the participle) to upset; dismay"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "used in the participle"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "agacer"
        },
        {
          "word": "contrarier"
        },
        {
          "word": "fâcher"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "French dialectal terms",
        "French terms with obsolete senses",
        "French transitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to wound"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "wound",
          "wound"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive, obsolete or dialectal) to wound"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "blesser"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "dialectal",
        "obsolete",
        "transitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/na.vʁe/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-Lyokoï-navrer.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e2/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lyoko%C3%AF-navrer.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lyoko%C3%AF-navrer.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e2/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lyoko%C3%AF-navrer.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lyoko%C3%AF-navrer.wav.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "word": "navrer"
}

"navrer" meaning in French

Verb

Inflected forms