"navrer" meaning in All languages combined

See navrer on Wiktionary

Verb [French]

IPA: /na.vʁe/ Audio: LL-Q150 (fra)-Lyokoï-navrer.wav
Etymology: Inherited from Middle French navrer (“to wound”), from Old French navrer, nafrer (“to hurt by piercing or cutting, pierce through the heart, break someone's heart”), first attested in Norman texts; then later, through chivalry, in texts from Central and Southern France. Further origin uncertain, but likely from Old Norse nafra (“to pierce or bore with an auger”), from nafarr (“auger”). Compare Catalan nafrar (“to wound”). Alternatively, derivation from Latin naufragāre (“to make or become shipwrecked, ruin, spoil”) has also been suggested, although this is less likely based on phonological and semantic grounds: naufragāre would have typically resulted in Old French *nofraier, *noufrayer rather than navrer, nafrer. Etymology templates: {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|fr|frm|navrer||to wound|g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Middle French navrer (“to wound”), {{inh+|fr|frm|navrer||to wound}} Inherited from Middle French navrer (“to wound”), {{inh|fr|fro|navrer}} Old French navrer, {{m|fro|nafrer||to hurt by piercing or cutting, pierce through the heart, break someone's heart}} nafrer (“to hurt by piercing or cutting, pierce through the heart, break someone's heart”), {{der|fr|non|nafra|t=to pierce or bore with an auger}} Old Norse nafra (“to pierce or bore with an auger”), {{m|non|nafarr||auger}} nafarr (“auger”), {{cog|ca|nafrar|t=to wound}} Catalan nafrar (“to wound”), {{der|fr|la|naufragō|naufragāre|t=to make or become shipwrecked, ruin, spoil}} Latin naufragāre (“to make or become shipwrecked, ruin, spoil”) Head templates: {{fr-verb}} navrer Inflection templates: {{fr-conj-auto}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], navrer [infinitive], avoir + past participle [infinitive, multiword-construction], navrant [gerund, participle, present], ayant + past participle [gerund, multiword-construction, participle, present], navré [participle, past], navre [first-person, indicative, present, singular], navres [indicative, present, second-person, singular], navre [indicative, present, singular, third-person], navrons [first-person, indicative, plural, present], navrez [indicative, plural, present, second-person], navrent [indicative, plural, present, third-person], navrais [first-person, imperfect, indicative, singular], navrais [imperfect, indicative, second-person, singular], navrait [imperfect, indicative, singular, third-person], navrions [first-person, imperfect, indicative, plural], navriez [imperfect, indicative, plural, second-person], navraient [imperfect, indicative, plural, third-person], navrai [first-person, historic, indicative, past, singular], navras [historic, indicative, past, second-person, singular], navra [historic, indicative, past, singular, third-person], navrâmes [first-person, historic, indicative, past, plural], navrâtes [historic, indicative, past, plural, second-person], navrèrent [historic, indicative, past, plural, third-person], navrerai [first-person, future, indicative, singular], navreras [future, indicative, second-person, singular], navrera [future, indicative, singular, third-person], navrerons [first-person, future, indicative, plural], navrerez [future, indicative, plural, second-person], navreront [future, indicative, plural, third-person], navrerais [conditional, first-person, singular], navrerais [conditional, second-person, singular], navrerait [conditional, singular, third-person], navrerions [conditional, first-person, plural], navreriez [conditional, plural, second-person], navreraient [conditional, plural, third-person], present indicative of avoir + past participle [indicative, multiword-construction, perfect, present], imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle [indicative, multiword-construction, pluperfect], past historic of avoir + past participle [anterior, indicative, multiword-construction, past], future of avoir + past participle [future, indicative, multiword-construction, perfect], conditional of avoir + past participle [conditional, multiword-construction, perfect], navre [first-person, present, singular, subjunctive], navres [present, second-person, singular, subjunctive], navre [present, singular, subjunctive, third-person], navrions [first-person, plural, present, subjunctive], navriez [plural, present, second-person, subjunctive], navrent [plural, present, subjunctive, third-person], navrasse [first-person, imperfect, singular, subjunctive], navrasses [imperfect, second-person, singular, subjunctive], navrât [imperfect, singular, subjunctive, third-person], navrassions [first-person, imperfect, plural, subjunctive], navrassiez [imperfect, plural, second-person, subjunctive], navrassent [imperfect, plural, subjunctive, third-person], present subjunctive of avoir + past participle [multiword-construction, past, subjunctive], imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle [multiword-construction, pluperfect, subjunctive], navre [imperative, second-person, singular], navrons [first-person, imperative, plural], navrez [imperative, plural, second-person], simple imperative of avoir + past participle [imperative, multiword-construction, second-person, singular], simple imperative of avoir + past participle [first-person, imperative, multiword-construction, plural], simple imperative of avoir + past participle [imperative, multiword-construction, plural, second-person]
  1. (transitive) to cause great pain or affliction Tags: transitive
    Sense id: en-navrer-fr-verb-lp58s1e5 Categories (other): French verbs with conjugation -er Disambiguation of French verbs with conjugation -er: 35 43 22
  2. (transitive, figurative, now chiefly used in the participle) to upset; dismay Tags: figuratively, transitive Categories (topical): Violence Synonyms: agacer, contrarier, fâcher
    Sense id: en-navrer-fr-verb-w-DVMSoG Disambiguation of Violence: 29 53 18 Categories (other): French entries with incorrect language header, French verbs with conjugation -er Disambiguation of French entries with incorrect language header: 28 56 16 Disambiguation of French verbs with conjugation -er: 35 43 22
  3. (transitive, obsolete or dialectal) to wound Tags: dialectal, obsolete, transitive Synonyms: blesser
    Sense id: en-navrer-fr-verb-jaAUjlhj Categories (other): French verbs with conjugation -er Disambiguation of French verbs with conjugation -er: 35 43 22
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: navrance, navrant, navré, navrement, navrure

Verb [Middle French]

Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], navrer [infinitive], avoir + past participle [infinitive, multiword-construction], navrant [gerund, participle, present]
Head templates: {{head|frm|verb}} navrer
  1. to injure
    Sense id: en-navrer-frm-verb-sqevlT1Y Categories (other): Middle French entries with incorrect language header

Inflected forms

Download JSON data for navrer meaning in All languages combined (13.5kB)

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "navrance"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "navrant"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "navré"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "navrement"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "navrure"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "navrer",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to wound",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Middle French navrer (“to wound”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "navrer",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to wound"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Middle French navrer (“to wound”)",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "navrer"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French navrer",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "nafrer",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to hurt by piercing or cutting, pierce through the heart, break someone's heart"
      },
      "expansion": "nafrer (“to hurt by piercing or cutting, pierce through the heart, break someone's heart”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "non",
        "3": "nafra",
        "t": "to pierce or bore with an auger"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse nafra (“to pierce or bore with an auger”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "non",
        "2": "nafarr",
        "3": "",
        "4": "auger"
      },
      "expansion": "nafarr (“auger”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ca",
        "2": "nafrar",
        "t": "to wound"
      },
      "expansion": "Catalan nafrar (“to wound”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "naufragō",
        "4": "naufragāre",
        "t": "to make or become shipwrecked, ruin, spoil"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin naufragāre (“to make or become shipwrecked, ruin, spoil”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle French navrer (“to wound”), from Old French navrer, nafrer (“to hurt by piercing or cutting, pierce through the heart, break someone's heart”), first attested in Norman texts; then later, through chivalry, in texts from Central and Southern France.\nFurther origin uncertain, but likely from Old Norse nafra (“to pierce or bore with an auger”), from nafarr (“auger”). Compare Catalan nafrar (“to wound”).\nAlternatively, derivation from Latin naufragāre (“to make or become shipwrecked, ruin, spoil”) has also been suggested, although this is less likely based on phonological and semantic grounds: naufragāre would have typically resulted in Old French *nofraier, *noufrayer rather than navrer, nafrer.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fr-conj-auto",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrer",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrant",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁɑ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ayant + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "multiword-construction",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navré",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navre",
      "ipa": "/navʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navres",
      "ipa": "/navʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navre",
      "ipa": "/navʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrons",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrez",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrent",
      "ipa": "/navʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrais",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrais",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrait",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrions",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁi.jɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navriez",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁi.je/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navraient",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrai",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navras",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navra",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrâmes",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁam/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrâtes",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁat/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrèrent",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁɛʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrerai",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁə.ʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navreras",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁə.ʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrera",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁə.ʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrerons",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁə.ʁɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrerez",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁə.ʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navreront",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁə.ʁɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrerais",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁə.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrerais",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁə.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrerait",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁə.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrerions",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁə.ʁjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navreriez",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁə.ʁje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navreraient",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁə.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present indicative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "past historic of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "anterior",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "future of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "conditional of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navre",
      "ipa": "/navʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navres",
      "ipa": "/navʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navre",
      "ipa": "/navʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrions",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁi.jɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navriez",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁi.je/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrent",
      "ipa": "/navʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrasse",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrasses",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrât",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrassions",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁa.sjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrassiez",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁa.sje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrassent",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navre",
      "ipa": "/navʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrons",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrez",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "navrer",
      "name": "fr-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "fr-conj-auto"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "French",
  "lang_code": "fr",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "35 43 22",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French verbs with conjugation -er",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to cause great pain or affliction"
      ],
      "id": "en-navrer-fr-verb-lp58s1e5",
      "links": [
        [
          "pain",
          "pain"
        ],
        [
          "affliction",
          "affliction"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to cause great pain or affliction"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "28 56 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "35 43 22",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French verbs with conjugation -er",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "29 53 18",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "fr",
          "name": "Violence",
          "orig": "fr:Violence",
          "parents": [
            "Human behaviour",
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to upset; dismay"
      ],
      "id": "en-navrer-fr-verb-w-DVMSoG",
      "links": [
        [
          "upset",
          "upset"
        ],
        [
          "dismay",
          "dismay"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive, figurative, now chiefly used in the participle) to upset; dismay"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "used in the participle"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "agacer"
        },
        {
          "word": "contrarier"
        },
        {
          "word": "fâcher"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "35 43 22",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French verbs with conjugation -er",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to wound"
      ],
      "id": "en-navrer-fr-verb-jaAUjlhj",
      "links": [
        [
          "wound",
          "wound"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive, obsolete or dialectal) to wound"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "blesser"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "dialectal",
        "obsolete",
        "transitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/na.vʁe/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-Lyokoï-navrer.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e2/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lyoko%C3%AF-navrer.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lyoko%C3%AF-navrer.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e2/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lyoko%C3%AF-navrer.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lyoko%C3%AF-navrer.wav.ogg",
      "text": "Audio"
    }
  ],
  "word": "navrer"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "m",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrer",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrant",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "frm",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "navrer",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle French",
  "lang_code": "frm",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle French entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to injure"
      ],
      "id": "en-navrer-frm-verb-sqevlT1Y",
      "links": [
        [
          "injure",
          "injure"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "navrer"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "French 2-syllable words",
    "French entries with incorrect language header",
    "French first group verbs",
    "French lemmas",
    "French terms derived from Latin",
    "French terms derived from Middle French",
    "French terms derived from Old French",
    "French terms derived from Old Norse",
    "French terms inherited from Middle French",
    "French terms inherited from Old French",
    "French terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "French terms with audio links",
    "French verbs",
    "French verbs with conjugation -er",
    "fr:Violence"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "navrance"
    },
    {
      "word": "navrant"
    },
    {
      "word": "navré"
    },
    {
      "word": "navrement"
    },
    {
      "word": "navrure"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "navrer",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to wound",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Middle French navrer (“to wound”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "navrer",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to wound"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Middle French navrer (“to wound”)",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "navrer"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French navrer",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "nafrer",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to hurt by piercing or cutting, pierce through the heart, break someone's heart"
      },
      "expansion": "nafrer (“to hurt by piercing or cutting, pierce through the heart, break someone's heart”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "non",
        "3": "nafra",
        "t": "to pierce or bore with an auger"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse nafra (“to pierce or bore with an auger”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "non",
        "2": "nafarr",
        "3": "",
        "4": "auger"
      },
      "expansion": "nafarr (“auger”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ca",
        "2": "nafrar",
        "t": "to wound"
      },
      "expansion": "Catalan nafrar (“to wound”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "naufragō",
        "4": "naufragāre",
        "t": "to make or become shipwrecked, ruin, spoil"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin naufragāre (“to make or become shipwrecked, ruin, spoil”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle French navrer (“to wound”), from Old French navrer, nafrer (“to hurt by piercing or cutting, pierce through the heart, break someone's heart”), first attested in Norman texts; then later, through chivalry, in texts from Central and Southern France.\nFurther origin uncertain, but likely from Old Norse nafra (“to pierce or bore with an auger”), from nafarr (“auger”). Compare Catalan nafrar (“to wound”).\nAlternatively, derivation from Latin naufragāre (“to make or become shipwrecked, ruin, spoil”) has also been suggested, although this is less likely based on phonological and semantic grounds: naufragāre would have typically resulted in Old French *nofraier, *noufrayer rather than navrer, nafrer.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fr-conj-auto",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrer",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrant",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁɑ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ayant + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "multiword-construction",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navré",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navre",
      "ipa": "/navʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navres",
      "ipa": "/navʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navre",
      "ipa": "/navʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrons",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrez",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrent",
      "ipa": "/navʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrais",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrais",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrait",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrions",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁi.jɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navriez",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁi.je/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navraient",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrai",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navras",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navra",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrâmes",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁam/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrâtes",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁat/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrèrent",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁɛʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrerai",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁə.ʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navreras",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁə.ʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrera",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁə.ʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrerons",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁə.ʁɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrerez",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁə.ʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navreront",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁə.ʁɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrerais",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁə.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrerais",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁə.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrerait",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁə.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrerions",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁə.ʁjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navreriez",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁə.ʁje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navreraient",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁə.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present indicative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "past historic of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "anterior",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "future of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "conditional of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navre",
      "ipa": "/navʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navres",
      "ipa": "/navʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navre",
      "ipa": "/navʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrions",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁi.jɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navriez",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁi.je/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrent",
      "ipa": "/navʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrasse",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrasses",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrât",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrassions",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁa.sjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrassiez",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁa.sje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrassent",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navre",
      "ipa": "/navʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrons",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrez",
      "ipa": "/na.vʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "navrer",
      "name": "fr-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "fr-conj-auto"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "French",
  "lang_code": "fr",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "French transitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to cause great pain or affliction"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "pain",
          "pain"
        ],
        [
          "affliction",
          "affliction"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to cause great pain or affliction"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "French transitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to upset; dismay"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "upset",
          "upset"
        ],
        [
          "dismay",
          "dismay"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive, figurative, now chiefly used in the participle) to upset; dismay"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "used in the participle"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "agacer"
        },
        {
          "word": "contrarier"
        },
        {
          "word": "fâcher"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "French dialectal terms",
        "French terms with obsolete senses",
        "French transitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to wound"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "wound",
          "wound"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive, obsolete or dialectal) to wound"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "blesser"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "dialectal",
        "obsolete",
        "transitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/na.vʁe/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-Lyokoï-navrer.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e2/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lyoko%C3%AF-navrer.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lyoko%C3%AF-navrer.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e2/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lyoko%C3%AF-navrer.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lyoko%C3%AF-navrer.wav.ogg",
      "text": "Audio"
    }
  ],
  "word": "navrer"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "m",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrer",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "navrant",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "frm",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "navrer",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle French",
  "lang_code": "frm",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Middle French entries with incorrect language header",
        "Middle French first group verbs",
        "Middle French lemmas",
        "Middle French verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to injure"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "injure",
          "injure"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "navrer"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.