"-ir" meaning in French

See -ir in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Suffix

IPA: /iʁ/ Audio: LL-Q150 (fra)-Lepticed7--ir.wav
Etymology: Inherited from Latin -īre, the ending of the present active infinitive form of fourth conjugation verbs. Cognate with Spanish -ir, Italian -ire, Romanian -i and -î, etc. Etymology templates: {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|fr|la|-īre|||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Latin -īre, {{inh+|fr|la|-īre}} Inherited from Latin -īre, {{cog|es|-ir}} Spanish -ir, {{cog|it|-ire}} Italian -ire, {{cog|ro|-i}} Romanian -i, {{m|ro|-î}} -î Head templates: {{head|fr|suffix|||||g=|g2=|head=|sort=}} -ir, {{fr-suffix}} -ir Inflection templates: {{fr-conj-auto}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], -ir [infinitive], avoir + past participle [infinitive, multiword-construction], -issant [gerund, participle, present], ayant + past participle [gerund, multiword-construction, participle, present], -i [participle, past], -is [first-person, indicative, present, singular], -is [indicative, present, second-person, singular], -it [indicative, present, singular, third-person], -issons [first-person, indicative, plural, present], -issez [indicative, plural, present, second-person], -issent [indicative, plural, present, third-person], -issais [first-person, imperfect, indicative, singular], -issais [imperfect, indicative, second-person, singular], -issait [imperfect, indicative, singular, third-person], -issions [first-person, imperfect, indicative, plural], -issiez [imperfect, indicative, plural, second-person], -issaient [imperfect, indicative, plural, third-person], -is [first-person, historic, indicative, past, singular], -is [historic, indicative, past, second-person, singular], -it [historic, indicative, past, singular, third-person], -îmes [first-person, historic, indicative, past, plural], -îtes [historic, indicative, past, plural, second-person], -irent [historic, indicative, past, plural, third-person], -irai [first-person, future, indicative, singular], -iras [future, indicative, second-person, singular], -ira [future, indicative, singular, third-person], -irons [first-person, future, indicative, plural], -irez [future, indicative, plural, second-person], -iront [future, indicative, plural, third-person], -irais [conditional, first-person, singular], -irais [conditional, second-person, singular], -irait [conditional, singular, third-person], -irions [conditional, first-person, plural], -iriez [conditional, plural, second-person], -iraient [conditional, plural, third-person], present indicative of avoir + past participle [indicative, multiword-construction, perfect, present], imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle [indicative, multiword-construction, pluperfect], past historic of avoir + past participle [anterior, indicative, multiword-construction, past], future of avoir + past participle [future, indicative, multiword-construction, perfect], conditional of avoir + past participle [conditional, multiword-construction, perfect], -isse [first-person, present, singular, subjunctive], -isses [present, second-person, singular, subjunctive], -isse [present, singular, subjunctive, third-person], -issions [first-person, plural, present, subjunctive], -issiez [plural, present, second-person, subjunctive], -issent [plural, present, subjunctive, third-person], -isse [first-person, imperfect, singular, subjunctive], -isses [imperfect, second-person, singular, subjunctive], -ît [imperfect, singular, subjunctive, third-person], -issions [first-person, imperfect, plural, subjunctive], -issiez [imperfect, plural, second-person, subjunctive], -issent [imperfect, plural, subjunctive, third-person], present subjunctive of avoir + past participle [multiword-construction, past, subjunctive], imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle [multiword-construction, pluperfect, subjunctive], -is [imperative, second-person, singular], -issons [first-person, imperative, plural], -issez [imperative, plural, second-person], simple imperative of avoir + past participle [imperative, multiword-construction, second-person, singular], simple imperative of avoir + past participle [first-person, imperative, multiword-construction, plural], simple imperative of avoir + past participle [imperative, multiword-construction, plural, second-person]
  1. (non-productive) forms the infinitives of many verbs Tags: morpheme Related terms: -er, -ire, -oir, -re
    Sense id: en--ir-fr-suffix-QSwMSiUx Categories (other): French entries with incorrect language header, French verbs with conjugation -ir

Download JSON data for -ir meaning in French (9.8kB)

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        "1": "ro",
        "2": "-î"
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  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Latin -īre, the ending of the present active infinitive form of fourth conjugation verbs. Cognate with Spanish -ir, Italian -ire, Romanian -i and -î, etc.",
  "forms": [
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      "ipa": "/i/",
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        "historic",
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        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
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      "form": "-irai",
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        "first-person",
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        "singular"
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      "form": "-iras",
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        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
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      "source": "conjugation",
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        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-irons",
      "ipa": "/i.ʁɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
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        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
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    {
      "form": "-irez",
      "ipa": "/i.ʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-iront",
      "ipa": "/i.ʁɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
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      "source": "conjugation",
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        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
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      "form": "-irais",
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      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
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      "form": "-irait",
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      "source": "conjugation",
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        "conditional",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
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      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
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        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
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      "source": "conjugation",
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        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
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      "ipa": "/i.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
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      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
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        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect",
        "present"
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      "form": "imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
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      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
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        "perfect"
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    {
      "form": "-isse",
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      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
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      "ipa": "/is/",
      "source": "conjugation",
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        "present",
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        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
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      "form": "-isse",
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        "third-person"
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        "present",
        "subjunctive"
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      "source": "conjugation",
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        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-issent",
      "ipa": "/is/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-isse",
      "ipa": "/is/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-isses",
      "ipa": "/is/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ît",
      "ipa": "/i/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-issions",
      "ipa": "/i.sjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-issiez",
      "ipa": "/i.sje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-issent",
      "ipa": "/is/",
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      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
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        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
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      "tags": [
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    },
    {
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    },
    {
      "form": "fr-conj-auto",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ir",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-issant",
      "ipa": "/i.sɑ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ayant + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "multiword-construction",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-i",
      "ipa": "/i/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-is",
      "ipa": "/i/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-is",
      "ipa": "/i/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-it",
      "ipa": "/i/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-issons",
      "ipa": "/i.sɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-issez",
      "ipa": "/i.se/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-issent",
      "ipa": "/is/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-issais",
      "ipa": "/i.sɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-issais",
      "ipa": "/i.sɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-issait",
      "ipa": "/i.sɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-issions",
      "ipa": "/i.sjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-issiez",
      "ipa": "/i.sje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-issaient",
      "ipa": "/i.sɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-is",
      "ipa": "/i/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-is",
      "ipa": "/i/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-it",
      "ipa": "/i/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-îmes",
      "ipa": "/im/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-îtes",
      "ipa": "/it/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-irent",
      "ipa": "/iʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-irai",
      "ipa": "/i.ʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-iras",
      "ipa": "/i.ʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ira",
      "ipa": "/i.ʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-irons",
      "ipa": "/i.ʁɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-irez",
      "ipa": "/i.ʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-iront",
      "ipa": "/i.ʁɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-irais",
      "ipa": "/i.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-irais",
      "ipa": "/i.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-irait",
      "ipa": "/i.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-irions",
      "ipa": "/i.ʁjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-iriez",
      "ipa": "/i.ʁje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-iraient",
      "ipa": "/i.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present indicative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "past historic of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "anterior",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "future of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "conditional of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-isse",
      "ipa": "/is/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-isses",
      "ipa": "/is/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-isse",
      "ipa": "/is/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-issions",
      "ipa": "/i.sjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-issiez",
      "ipa": "/i.sje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-issent",
      "ipa": "/is/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-isse",
      "ipa": "/is/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-isses",
      "ipa": "/is/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ît",
      "ipa": "/i/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-issions",
      "ipa": "/i.sjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-issiez",
      "ipa": "/i.sje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-issent",
      "ipa": "/is/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-is",
      "ipa": "/i/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-issons",
      "ipa": "/i.sɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-issez",
      "ipa": "/i.se/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "suffix",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "-ir",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "-ir",
      "name": "fr-suffix"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "fr-conj-auto"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "French",
  "lang_code": "fr",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "-er"
    },
    {
      "word": "-ire"
    },
    {
      "word": "-oir"
    },
    {
      "word": "-re"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "French 1-syllable words",
        "French entries with incorrect language header",
        "French lemmas",
        "French second group verbs",
        "French suffixes",
        "French terms derived from Latin",
        "French terms inherited from Latin",
        "French terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "French terms with audio links",
        "French verbs with conjugation -ir"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "forms the infinitives of many verbs"
      ],
      "qualifier": "non-productive",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(non-productive) forms the infinitives of many verbs"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/iʁ/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-Lepticed7--ir.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/59/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lepticed7--ir.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lepticed7--ir.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/59/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lepticed7--ir.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lepticed7--ir.wav.ogg",
      "text": "Audio"
    }
  ],
  "word": "-ir"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable French dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.