"-ir" meaning in French

See -ir in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Suffix

IPA: /iʁ/ Audio: LL-Q150 (fra)-Lepticed7--ir.wav [France, Toulouse], LL-Q150 (fra)-WikiLucas00--ir.wav [France, Lyon]
Etymology: Inherited from Old French -ir. Cognate with Spanish -ir, Italian -ire, Romanian -i and -î, etc. Etymology templates: {{etymon|fr|:inh|la:-īre<id:verb suffix>|id=verb suffix}} [Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from", "keyword" : "inherited" }, { "keyword_abbrev" : "influ.", "keyword_label" : "Influenced by", "terms" : [ { "id" : "verb suffix", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "-ere", "lang" : "la" } ], "keyword" : "influence" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "-īre", "lang" : "la" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "French", "term" : "-ir", "lang" : "fr" }" data-id="verb suffix" data-lang="fr" data-title="-ir" id="French:_verb_suffix">, {{yesno||i|I}} I, {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|fr|fro|-ir|||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Old French -ir, {{inh+|fr|fro|-ir}} Inherited from Old French -ir, {{cog|es|-ir}} Spanish -ir, {{cog|it|-ire}} Italian -ire, {{cog|ro|-i}} Romanian -i, {{etymon|fr|:inh|la:-īre<id:verb suffix>|id=verb suffix}} Head templates: {{head|fr|suffix|||||g=|g2=|head=|sort=}} -ir, {{fr-suffix}} -ir Inflection templates: {{fr-conj-auto}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], -ir [infinitive], avoir + past participle [infinitive, multiword-construction], -issant [gerund, participle, present], ayant + past participle [gerund, multiword-construction, participle, present], -i [participle, past], -is [first-person, indicative, present, singular], -is [indicative, present, second-person, singular], -it [indicative, present, singular, third-person], -issons [first-person, indicative, plural, present], -issez [indicative, plural, present, second-person], -issent [indicative, plural, present, third-person], -issais [first-person, imperfect, indicative, singular], -issais [imperfect, indicative, second-person, singular], -issait [imperfect, indicative, singular, third-person], -issions [first-person, imperfect, indicative, plural], -issiez [imperfect, indicative, plural, second-person], -issaient [imperfect, indicative, plural, third-person], -is [first-person, historic, indicative, past, singular], -is [historic, indicative, past, second-person, singular], -it [historic, indicative, past, singular, third-person], -îmes [first-person, historic, indicative, past, plural], -îtes [historic, indicative, past, plural, second-person], -irent [historic, indicative, past, plural, third-person], -irai [first-person, future, indicative, singular], -iras [future, indicative, second-person, singular], -ira [future, indicative, singular, third-person], -irons [first-person, future, indicative, plural], -irez [future, indicative, plural, second-person], -iront [future, indicative, plural, third-person], -irais [conditional, first-person, singular], -irais [conditional, second-person, singular], -irait [conditional, singular, third-person], -irions [conditional, first-person, plural], -iriez [conditional, plural, second-person], -iraient [conditional, plural, third-person], present indicative of avoir + past participle [indicative, multiword-construction, perfect, present], imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle [indicative, multiword-construction, pluperfect], past historic of avoir + past participle [anterior, indicative, multiword-construction, past], future of avoir + past participle [future, indicative, multiword-construction, perfect], conditional of avoir + past participle [conditional, multiword-construction, perfect], -isse [first-person, present, singular, subjunctive], -isses [present, second-person, singular, subjunctive], -isse [present, singular, subjunctive, third-person], -issions [first-person, plural, present, subjunctive], -issiez [plural, present, second-person, subjunctive], -issent [plural, present, subjunctive, third-person], -isse [first-person, imperfect, singular, subjunctive], -isses [imperfect, second-person, singular, subjunctive], -ît [imperfect, singular, subjunctive, third-person], -issions [first-person, imperfect, plural, subjunctive], -issiez [imperfect, plural, second-person, subjunctive], -issent [imperfect, plural, subjunctive, third-person], present subjunctive of avoir + past participle [multiword-construction, past, subjunctive], imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle [multiword-construction, pluperfect, subjunctive], -is [imperative, second-person, singular], -issons [first-person, imperative, plural], -issez [imperative, plural, second-person], simple imperative of avoir + past participle [imperative, multiword-construction, second-person, singular], simple imperative of avoir + past participle [first-person, imperative, multiword-construction, plural], simple imperative of avoir + past participle [imperative, multiword-construction, plural, second-person]
  1. (no longer productive) forms the infinitives of many verbs Tags: idiomatic, morpheme Related terms: -er, -ire, -oir, -re
    Sense id: en--ir-fr-suffix-QSwMSiUx Categories (other): French entries with etymon, French entries with incorrect language header, French verbs with conjugation -ir, Pages with 13 entries, Pages with entries, Pages with etymon
     
{
  "etymology_links": [
    [
      "-ir",
      "-ir#Old_French"
    ],
    [
      "-ir",
      "-ir#Spanish"
    ],
    [
      "-ire",
      "-ire#Italian"
    ],
    [
      "-i",
      "-i#Romanian"
    ],
    [
      "-î",
      "-î#Romanian"
    ]
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "la:-īre<id:verb suffix>",
        "id": "verb suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" }, { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"influ.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Influenced by\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"verb suffix\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ere\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"influence\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-īre\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"French\", \"term\" : \"-ir\", \"lang\" : \"fr\" }\" data-id=\"verb suffix\" data-lang=\"fr\" data-title=\"-ir\" id=\"French:_verb_suffix\">",
      "name": "etymon"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "",
        "2": "i",
        "3": "I"
      },
      "expansion": "I",
      "name": "yesno"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "-ir",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Old French -ir",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "-ir"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Old French -ir",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "es",
        "2": "-ir"
      },
      "expansion": "Spanish -ir",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "it",
        "2": "-ire"
      },
      "expansion": "Italian -ire",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ro",
        "2": "-i"
      },
      "expansion": "Romanian -i",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "la:-īre<id:verb suffix>",
        "id": "verb suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymon"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Old French -ir. Cognate with Spanish -ir, Italian -ire, Romanian -i and -î, etc.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fr-conj-auto",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ir",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-issant",
      "ipa": "/i.sɑ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ayant + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "multiword-construction",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-i",
      "ipa": "/i/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-is",
      "ipa": "/i/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-is",
      "ipa": "/i/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-it",
      "ipa": "/i/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-issons",
      "ipa": "/i.sɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-issez",
      "ipa": "/i.se/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-issent",
      "ipa": "/is/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-issais",
      "ipa": "/i.sɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-issais",
      "ipa": "/i.sɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-issait",
      "ipa": "/i.sɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-issions",
      "ipa": "/i.sjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-issiez",
      "ipa": "/i.sje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-issaient",
      "ipa": "/i.sɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-is",
      "ipa": "/i/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-is",
      "ipa": "/i/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-it",
      "ipa": "/i/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-îmes",
      "ipa": "/im/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-îtes",
      "ipa": "/it/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-irent",
      "ipa": "/iʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-irai",
      "ipa": "/i.ʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-iras",
      "ipa": "/i.ʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ira",
      "ipa": "/i.ʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-irons",
      "ipa": "/i.ʁɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-irez",
      "ipa": "/i.ʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-iront",
      "ipa": "/i.ʁɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-irais",
      "ipa": "/i.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-irais",
      "ipa": "/i.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-irait",
      "ipa": "/i.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-irions",
      "ipa": "/i.ʁjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-iriez",
      "ipa": "/i.ʁje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-iraient",
      "ipa": "/i.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present indicative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "past historic of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "anterior",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "future of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "conditional of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-isse",
      "ipa": "/is/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-isses",
      "ipa": "/is/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-isse",
      "ipa": "/is/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-issions",
      "ipa": "/i.sjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-issiez",
      "ipa": "/i.sje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-issent",
      "ipa": "/is/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-isse",
      "ipa": "/is/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-isses",
      "ipa": "/is/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ît",
      "ipa": "/i/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-issions",
      "ipa": "/i.sjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-issiez",
      "ipa": "/i.sje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-issent",
      "ipa": "/is/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-is",
      "ipa": "/i/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-issons",
      "ipa": "/i.sɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-issez",
      "ipa": "/i.se/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "suffix",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "-ir",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "-ir",
      "name": "fr-suffix"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "fr-conj-auto"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "French",
  "lang_code": "fr",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French entries with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French verbs with conjugation -ir",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 13 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "forms the infinitives of many verbs"
      ],
      "id": "en--ir-fr-suffix-QSwMSiUx",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(no longer productive) forms the infinitives of many verbs"
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "word": "-er"
        },
        {
          "word": "-ire"
        },
        {
          "word": "-oir"
        },
        {
          "word": "-re"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "idiomatic",
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/iʁ/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-Lepticed7--ir.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/59/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lepticed7--ir.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lepticed7--ir.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/59/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lepticed7--ir.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lepticed7--ir.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "France",
        "Toulouse"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-WikiLucas00--ir.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/7b/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00--ir.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00--ir.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/7b/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00--ir.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00--ir.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "France",
        "Lyon"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "-ir"
}

{
  "etymology_links": [
    [
      "-ir",
      "-ir#Old_French"
    ],
    [
      "-ir",
      "-ir#Spanish"
    ],
    [
      "-ire",
      "-ire#Italian"
    ],
    [
      "-i",
      "-i#Romanian"
    ],
    [
      "-î",
      "-î#Romanian"
    ]
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "la:-īre<id:verb suffix>",
        "id": "verb suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" }, { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"influ.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Influenced by\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"verb suffix\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ere\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"influence\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-īre\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"French\", \"term\" : \"-ir\", \"lang\" : \"fr\" }\" data-id=\"verb suffix\" data-lang=\"fr\" data-title=\"-ir\" id=\"French:_verb_suffix\">",
      "name": "etymon"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "",
        "2": "i",
        "3": "I"
      },
      "expansion": "I",
      "name": "yesno"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "-ir",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Old French -ir",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "-ir"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Old French -ir",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "es",
        "2": "-ir"
      },
      "expansion": "Spanish -ir",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "it",
        "2": "-ire"
      },
      "expansion": "Italian -ire",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ro",
        "2": "-i"
      },
      "expansion": "Romanian -i",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "la:-īre<id:verb suffix>",
        "id": "verb suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymon"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Old French -ir. Cognate with Spanish -ir, Italian -ire, Romanian -i and -î, etc.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fr-conj-auto",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ir",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-issant",
      "ipa": "/i.sɑ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ayant + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "multiword-construction",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-i",
      "ipa": "/i/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-is",
      "ipa": "/i/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-is",
      "ipa": "/i/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-it",
      "ipa": "/i/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-issons",
      "ipa": "/i.sɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-issez",
      "ipa": "/i.se/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-issent",
      "ipa": "/is/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-issais",
      "ipa": "/i.sɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-issais",
      "ipa": "/i.sɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-issait",
      "ipa": "/i.sɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-issions",
      "ipa": "/i.sjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-issiez",
      "ipa": "/i.sje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-issaient",
      "ipa": "/i.sɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-is",
      "ipa": "/i/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-is",
      "ipa": "/i/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-it",
      "ipa": "/i/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-îmes",
      "ipa": "/im/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-îtes",
      "ipa": "/it/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-irent",
      "ipa": "/iʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-irai",
      "ipa": "/i.ʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-iras",
      "ipa": "/i.ʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ira",
      "ipa": "/i.ʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-irons",
      "ipa": "/i.ʁɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-irez",
      "ipa": "/i.ʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-iront",
      "ipa": "/i.ʁɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-irais",
      "ipa": "/i.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-irais",
      "ipa": "/i.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-irait",
      "ipa": "/i.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-irions",
      "ipa": "/i.ʁjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-iriez",
      "ipa": "/i.ʁje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-iraient",
      "ipa": "/i.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present indicative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "past historic of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "anterior",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "future of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "conditional of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-isse",
      "ipa": "/is/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-isses",
      "ipa": "/is/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-isse",
      "ipa": "/is/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-issions",
      "ipa": "/i.sjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-issiez",
      "ipa": "/i.sje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-issent",
      "ipa": "/is/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-isse",
      "ipa": "/is/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-isses",
      "ipa": "/is/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ît",
      "ipa": "/i/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-issions",
      "ipa": "/i.sjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-issiez",
      "ipa": "/i.sje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-issent",
      "ipa": "/is/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-is",
      "ipa": "/i/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-issons",
      "ipa": "/i.sɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-issez",
      "ipa": "/i.se/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "suffix",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "-ir",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "-ir",
      "name": "fr-suffix"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "fr-conj-auto"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "French",
  "lang_code": "fr",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "-er"
    },
    {
      "word": "-ire"
    },
    {
      "word": "-oir"
    },
    {
      "word": "-re"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "French 1-syllable words",
        "French entries with etymon",
        "French entries with incorrect language header",
        "French lemmas",
        "French second group verbs",
        "French suffixes",
        "French terms derived from Latin",
        "French terms derived from Old French",
        "French terms derived from Proto-Italic",
        "French terms inherited from Latin",
        "French terms inherited from Old French",
        "French terms inherited from Proto-Italic",
        "French terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "French verbs with conjugation -ir",
        "Pages with 13 entries",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Pages with etymon"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "forms the infinitives of many verbs"
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(no longer productive) forms the infinitives of many verbs"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "idiomatic",
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/iʁ/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-Lepticed7--ir.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/59/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lepticed7--ir.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lepticed7--ir.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/59/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lepticed7--ir.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lepticed7--ir.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "France",
        "Toulouse"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-WikiLucas00--ir.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/7b/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00--ir.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00--ir.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/7b/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00--ir.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00--ir.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "France",
        "Lyon"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "-ir"
}

Download raw JSONL data for -ir meaning in French (11.5kB)

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable French dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-10-30 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-10-01 using wiktextract (19f9a30 and 6f96ddf). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.