"-i" meaning in Finnish

See -i in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Suffix

Etymology: table From Proto-Finnic *-i, from Proto-Uralic *-j (specifically its fusion with the stem vowel). Originally allomorphic with -o (< *-oi, in which the *-i- caused labialization of the preceding *a). Etymology templates: {{etymid|fi|nominal}} table, {{inh|fi|urj-fin-pro|*-i|id=nominal}} Proto-Finnic *-i, {{inh|fi|urj-pro|*-j}} Proto-Uralic *-j, {{m|fi|-o}} -o, {{m|urj-fin-pro|*-oi}} *-oi Head templates: {{head|fi|suffix}} -i
  1. A non-productive nominal suffix deriving nouns from nominal stems. Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en--i-fi-suffix-XhIPoRXY
  2. Forms nouns from some verbs. Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en--i-fi-suffix-XgsEkFly
  3. (archaic) Used to mark the first part of a compound word. Tags: archaic, morpheme
    Sense id: en--i-fi-suffix-tXyKxaRI Categories (other): Finnish entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Finnish entries with incorrect language header: 28 8 38 26
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Related terms: -kki, -ri
Etymology number: 1

Suffix

Etymology: table Conflated: * from Proto-Finnic *-i (from Proto-Uralic *-j (lative suffix)) * from *-ik (from earlier *-jek, probably a combination of the aforementioned and Proto-Uralic *-k (lative suffix)). Etymology templates: {{etymid|fi|adverbial}} table, {{inh|fi|urj-fin-pro|*-i|id=adverbial}} Proto-Finnic *-i, {{inh|fi|urj-pro|*-j|pos=lative suffix}} Proto-Uralic *-j (lative suffix), {{m|urj-fin-pro|*-ik}} *-ik, {{m|urj-pro||*-jek}} *-jek, {{der|fi|urj-pro|*-k|pos=lative suffix}} Proto-Uralic *-k (lative suffix) Head templates: {{head|fi|suffix}} -i
  1. Forms lative adverbs. Tags: morpheme Related terms: -lti, -sti, -ti
    Sense id: en--i-fi-suffix-U5GXAXpU
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Download JSON data for -i meaning in Finnish (3.2kB)

{
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fi",
        "2": "nominal"
      },
      "expansion": "table",
      "name": "etymid"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fi",
        "2": "urj-fin-pro",
        "3": "*-i",
        "id": "nominal"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Finnic *-i",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fi",
        "2": "urj-pro",
        "3": "*-j"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Uralic *-j",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fi",
        "2": "-o"
      },
      "expansion": "-o",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "urj-fin-pro",
        "2": "*-oi"
      },
      "expansion": "*-oi",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "table\nFrom Proto-Finnic *-i, from Proto-Uralic *-j (specifically its fusion with the stem vowel). Originally allomorphic with -o (< *-oi, in which the *-i- caused labialization of the preceding *a).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fi",
        "2": "suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "-i",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Finnish",
  "lang_code": "fi",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "-kki"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "-ri"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "ukko (“(old) man”) + -i → ukki (“grandfather”)"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A non-productive nominal suffix deriving nouns from nominal stems."
      ],
      "id": "en--i-fi-suffix-XhIPoRXY",
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Forms nouns from some verbs."
      ],
      "id": "en--i-fi-suffix-XgsEkFly",
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "28 8 38 26",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Finnish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "lehmä (“cow”) + -i → lehmi-"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Used to mark the first part of a compound word."
      ],
      "id": "en--i-fi-suffix-tXyKxaRI",
      "links": [
        [
          "compound word",
          "compound word#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(archaic) Used to mark the first part of a compound word."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "-i"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fi",
        "2": "adverbial"
      },
      "expansion": "table",
      "name": "etymid"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fi",
        "2": "urj-fin-pro",
        "3": "*-i",
        "id": "adverbial"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Finnic *-i",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fi",
        "2": "urj-pro",
        "3": "*-j",
        "pos": "lative suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Uralic *-j (lative suffix)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "urj-fin-pro",
        "2": "*-ik"
      },
      "expansion": "*-ik",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "urj-pro",
        "2": "",
        "3": "*-jek"
      },
      "expansion": "*-jek",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fi",
        "2": "urj-pro",
        "3": "*-k",
        "pos": "lative suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Uralic *-k (lative suffix)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "table\nConflated:\n* from Proto-Finnic *-i (from Proto-Uralic *-j (lative suffix))\n* from *-ik (from earlier *-jek, probably a combination of the aforementioned and Proto-Uralic *-k (lative suffix)).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fi",
        "2": "suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "-i",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Finnish",
  "lang_code": "fi",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "aueta (“to open”) + -i → auki (“open”)"
        },
        {
          "text": "ylä- (“upper, high”) + -i → yli (“over”)"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Forms lative adverbs."
      ],
      "id": "en--i-fi-suffix-U5GXAXpU",
      "links": [
        [
          "lative",
          "Appendix:Finnish adverbial cases#Lative"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "word": "-lti"
        },
        {
          "word": "-sti"
        },
        {
          "word": "-ti"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "-i"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Finnish entries with incorrect language header",
    "Finnish lemmas",
    "Finnish suffixes",
    "Finnish terms derived from Proto-Finnic",
    "Finnish terms derived from Proto-Uralic",
    "Finnish terms inherited from Proto-Finnic",
    "Finnish terms inherited from Proto-Uralic",
    "Pages with raw sortkeys"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
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      "args": {
        "1": "fi",
        "2": "nominal"
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      "name": "etymid"
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    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fi",
        "2": "urj-fin-pro",
        "3": "*-i",
        "id": "nominal"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Finnic *-i",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fi",
        "2": "urj-pro",
        "3": "*-j"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Uralic *-j",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fi",
        "2": "-o"
      },
      "expansion": "-o",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "urj-fin-pro",
        "2": "*-oi"
      },
      "expansion": "*-oi",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "table\nFrom Proto-Finnic *-i, from Proto-Uralic *-j (specifically its fusion with the stem vowel). Originally allomorphic with -o (< *-oi, in which the *-i- caused labialization of the preceding *a).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fi",
        "2": "suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "-i",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Finnish",
  "lang_code": "fi",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "-kki"
    },
    {
      "word": "-ri"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "ukko (“(old) man”) + -i → ukki (“grandfather”)"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A non-productive nominal suffix deriving nouns from nominal stems."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Forms nouns from some verbs."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Finnish terms with archaic senses"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "lehmä (“cow”) + -i → lehmi-"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Used to mark the first part of a compound word."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "compound word",
          "compound word#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(archaic) Used to mark the first part of a compound word."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "-i"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Finnish entries with incorrect language header",
    "Finnish lemmas",
    "Finnish suffixes",
    "Pages with raw sortkeys"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fi",
        "2": "adverbial"
      },
      "expansion": "table",
      "name": "etymid"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fi",
        "2": "urj-fin-pro",
        "3": "*-i",
        "id": "adverbial"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Finnic *-i",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fi",
        "2": "urj-pro",
        "3": "*-j",
        "pos": "lative suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Uralic *-j (lative suffix)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "urj-fin-pro",
        "2": "*-ik"
      },
      "expansion": "*-ik",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "urj-pro",
        "2": "",
        "3": "*-jek"
      },
      "expansion": "*-jek",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fi",
        "2": "urj-pro",
        "3": "*-k",
        "pos": "lative suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Uralic *-k (lative suffix)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "table\nConflated:\n* from Proto-Finnic *-i (from Proto-Uralic *-j (lative suffix))\n* from *-ik (from earlier *-jek, probably a combination of the aforementioned and Proto-Uralic *-k (lative suffix)).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fi",
        "2": "suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "-i",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Finnish",
  "lang_code": "fi",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "-lti"
    },
    {
      "word": "-sti"
    },
    {
      "word": "-ti"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "aueta (“to open”) + -i → auki (“open”)"
        },
        {
          "text": "ylä- (“upper, high”) + -i → yli (“over”)"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Forms lative adverbs."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "lative",
          "Appendix:Finnish adverbial cases#Lative"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "-i"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Finnish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-17 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-01 using wiktextract (0b52755 and 5cb0836). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.