"zoonosis" meaning in English

See zoonosis in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /zəʊ.ˈɒn.ə.sɪs/ [UK], /zoʊ.ˈɒn.ə.sɪs/ [US], /ˌzoʊ.əˈnoʊ.sɪs/ [US] Audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Wodencafe-zoonosis.wav [US] Forms: zoonoses [plural]
Etymology: From zoo- + (itself from Ancient Greek ζῷον (zôion, “animal”)) + Ancient Greek νόσος (nósos, “disease”) (compare also nosology); the surface analysis is almost, although not quite, zoo- + -osis; compare also anthroponosis. Etymology templates: {{prefix|en|zoo}} zoo- +, {{der|en|grc|ζῷον|t=animal}} Ancient Greek ζῷον (zôion, “animal”), {{der|en|grc|νόσος||disease}} Ancient Greek νόσος (nósos, “disease”), {{confix|en|zoo|osis}} zoo- + -osis Head templates: {{en-noun|zoonoses}} zoonosis (plural zoonoses)
  1. (biology, microbiology) An animal disease, such as rabies or anthrax, that can be transmitted to humans. Wikipedia link: zoonosis Categories (topical): Biology, Microbiology Categories (lifeform): Veterinary medicine Synonyms: zoönosis Hyponyms: amphixenosis, amphizoonosis Derived forms: anthropozoonosis, endozoonosis, epizoonosis, protozoonosis, reverse zoonosis, xenozoonosis, zoonositic, zoonotic Related terms: anthroponosis Translations (animal disease that can be transmitted to humans): zoonoz (Azerbaijani), zoonosi (Basque), зооноза (zoonoza) [feminine] (Bulgarian), zoonosi [feminine] (Catalan), 人畜共通病 (rénchù gòngtōngbìng) (Chinese Mandarin), 人畜共通傳染病 (Chinese Mandarin), 人畜共通传染病 (rénchù gòngtōng chuánrǎnbìng) (Chinese Mandarin), zoonóza [feminine] (Czech), zoonose [common-gender] (Danish), zoönose [feminine] (Dutch), zoonozo (Esperanto), zoonoosi (Finnish), eläinperäinen sairaus (Finnish), zoonose [feminine] (French), zoonose [feminine] (Galician), ზოონოზი (zoonozi) (Georgian), Zoonose [feminine] (German), ζωονόσος (zoonósos) [feminine] (Greek), ζωοανθρωπονόσος (zooanthroponósos) [feminine] (Greek), ज़ूनोसिस (zūnosis) (Hindi), zoonózis (Hungarian), súna [feminine] (Icelandic), zoonose (Interlingua), zónóis [feminine] (Irish), zoonosi [feminine] (Italian), ズーノーシス (zūnōshisu) (Japanese), зооноз (zoonoz) (Kazakh), 인수공통감염병 (insugongtonggamyeombyeong) (Korean), зооноз (zoonoz) (Kyrgyz), zoonosis (Malay), zoonose [masculine] (Norwegian Bokmål), zoonose [masculine] (Norwegian Nynorsk), zoonoza [feminine] (Polish), zoonose [feminine] (Portuguese), zoonoză [feminine] (Romanian), зооно́з (zoonóz) [masculine] (Russian), зооно́за [Cyrillic, feminine] (Serbo-Croatian), zoonóza [Roman, feminine] (Serbo-Croatian), zoonosis [feminine] (Spanish), zoonos [common-gender] (Swedish), zoonoz (Turkish), зооно́з (zoonóz) [masculine] (Ukrainian), động vật lây truyền bệnh (Vietnamese), zonôze [feminine] (Walloon)

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

Download JSON data for zoonosis meaning in English (10.8kB)

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          "word": "anthropozoonosis"
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          "word": "endozoonosis"
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          "word": "epizoonosis"
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        {
          "word": "protozoonosis"
        },
        {
          "word": "reverse zoonosis"
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        {
          "word": "xenozoonosis"
        },
        {
          "word": "zoonositic"
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          "word": "zoonotic"
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        {
          "text": "1982 February 11, A.L. Ritterson, “Valentine's day: is love really a zoonosis?”, in New England Journal of Medicine, volume 306, archived from the original on 2023-10-04, pages 372-373:",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2013 January 30, Katie L. Burke, “Ecological Dependency”, in American Scientist, volume 101, number 1, archived from the original on 2017-02-09, page 64",
          "text": "In his first book since the 2008 essay collection Natural Acts: A Sidelong View of Science and Nature, David Quammen looks at the natural world from yet another angle: the search for the next human pandemic, what epidemiologists call “the next big one.” His quest leads him around the world to study a variety of suspect zoonoses—animal-hosted pathogens that infect humans.",
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          "code": "az",
          "lang": "Azerbaijani",
          "sense": "animal disease that can be transmitted to humans",
          "word": "zoonoz"
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          "code": "eu",
          "lang": "Basque",
          "sense": "animal disease that can be transmitted to humans",
          "word": "zoonosi"
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          "lang": "Bulgarian",
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          "sense": "animal disease that can be transmitted to humans",
          "tags": [
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          ],
          "word": "зооноза"
        },
        {
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          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "animal disease that can be transmitted to humans",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
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          "roman": "rénchù gòngtōngbìng",
          "sense": "animal disease that can be transmitted to humans",
          "word": "人畜共通病"
        },
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          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "sense": "animal disease that can be transmitted to humans",
          "word": "人畜共通傳染病"
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          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "rénchù gòngtōng chuánrǎnbìng",
          "sense": "animal disease that can be transmitted to humans",
          "word": "人畜共通传染病"
        },
        {
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "animal disease that can be transmitted to humans",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "zoonóza"
        },
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          "lang": "Danish",
          "sense": "animal disease that can be transmitted to humans",
          "tags": [
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          "sense": "animal disease that can be transmitted to humans",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
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          "word": "zoönose"
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          "code": "eo",
          "lang": "Esperanto",
          "sense": "animal disease that can be transmitted to humans",
          "word": "zoonozo"
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          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "animal disease that can be transmitted to humans",
          "word": "zoonoosi"
        },
        {
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "animal disease that can be transmitted to humans",
          "word": "eläinperäinen sairaus"
        },
        {
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "animal disease that can be transmitted to humans",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "zoonose"
        },
        {
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "animal disease that can be transmitted to humans",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "zoonose"
        },
        {
          "code": "ka",
          "lang": "Georgian",
          "roman": "zoonozi",
          "sense": "animal disease that can be transmitted to humans",
          "word": "ზოონოზი"
        },
        {
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "animal disease that can be transmitted to humans",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Zoonose"
        },
        {
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "zoonósos",
          "sense": "animal disease that can be transmitted to humans",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "ζωονόσος"
        },
        {
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "zooanthroponósos",
          "sense": "animal disease that can be transmitted to humans",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "ζωοανθρωπονόσος"
        },
        {
          "code": "hi",
          "lang": "Hindi",
          "roman": "zūnosis",
          "sense": "animal disease that can be transmitted to humans",
          "word": "ज़ूनोसिस"
        },
        {
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "animal disease that can be transmitted to humans",
          "word": "zoonózis"
        },
        {
          "code": "is",
          "lang": "Icelandic",
          "sense": "animal disease that can be transmitted to humans",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "súna"
        },
        {
          "code": "ia",
          "lang": "Interlingua",
          "sense": "animal disease that can be transmitted to humans",
          "word": "zoonose"
        },
        {
          "code": "ga",
          "lang": "Irish",
          "sense": "animal disease that can be transmitted to humans",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "zónóis"
        },
        {
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "animal disease that can be transmitted to humans",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "zoonosi"
        },
        {
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "zūnōshisu",
          "sense": "animal disease that can be transmitted to humans",
          "word": "ズーノーシス"
        },
        {
          "code": "kk",
          "lang": "Kazakh",
          "roman": "zoonoz",
          "sense": "animal disease that can be transmitted to humans",
          "word": "зооноз"
        },
        {
          "code": "ko",
          "lang": "Korean",
          "roman": "insugongtonggamyeombyeong",
          "sense": "animal disease that can be transmitted to humans",
          "word": "인수공통감염병"
        },
        {
          "code": "ky",
          "lang": "Kyrgyz",
          "roman": "zoonoz",
          "sense": "animal disease that can be transmitted to humans",
          "word": "зооноз"
        },
        {
          "code": "ms",
          "lang": "Malay",
          "sense": "animal disease that can be transmitted to humans",
          "word": "zoonosis"
        },
        {
          "code": "nb",
          "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
          "sense": "animal disease that can be transmitted to humans",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "zoonose"
        },
        {
          "code": "nn",
          "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
          "sense": "animal disease that can be transmitted to humans",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "zoonose"
        },
        {
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "animal disease that can be transmitted to humans",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "zoonoza"
        },
        {
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "animal disease that can be transmitted to humans",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "zoonose"
        },
        {
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "animal disease that can be transmitted to humans",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "zoonoză"
        },
        {
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "zoonóz",
          "sense": "animal disease that can be transmitted to humans",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "зооно́з"
        },
        {
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "animal disease that can be transmitted to humans",
          "tags": [
            "Cyrillic",
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "зооно́за"
        },
        {
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "animal disease that can be transmitted to humans",
          "tags": [
            "Roman",
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "zoonóza"
        },
        {
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "animal disease that can be transmitted to humans",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "zoonosis"
        },
        {
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "animal disease that can be transmitted to humans",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "zoonos"
        },
        {
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "animal disease that can be transmitted to humans",
          "word": "zoonoz"
        },
        {
          "code": "uk",
          "lang": "Ukrainian",
          "roman": "zoonóz",
          "sense": "animal disease that can be transmitted to humans",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "зооно́з"
        },
        {
          "code": "vi",
          "lang": "Vietnamese",
          "sense": "animal disease that can be transmitted to humans",
          "word": "động vật lây truyền bệnh"
        },
        {
          "code": "wa",
          "lang": "Walloon",
          "sense": "animal disease that can be transmitted to humans",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "zonôze"
        }
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        "zoonosis"
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  "word": "zoonosis"
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{
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      "word": "anthropozoonosis"
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    {
      "word": "protozoonosis"
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    {
      "word": "reverse zoonosis"
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    {
      "word": "xenozoonosis"
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  "etymology_text": "From zoo- + (itself from Ancient Greek ζῷον (zôion, “animal”)) + Ancient Greek νόσος (nósos, “disease”) (compare also nosology); the surface analysis is almost, although not quite, zoo- + -osis; compare also anthroponosis.",
  "forms": [
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  "head_templates": [
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      "word": "amphixenosis"
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  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
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  "senses": [
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          "text": "1982 February 11, A.L. Ritterson, “Valentine's day: is love really a zoonosis?”, in New England Journal of Medicine, volume 306, archived from the original on 2023-10-04, pages 372-373:",
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        {
          "ref": "2013 January 30, Katie L. Burke, “Ecological Dependency”, in American Scientist, volume 101, number 1, archived from the original on 2017-02-09, page 64",
          "text": "In his first book since the 2008 essay collection Natural Acts: A Sidelong View of Science and Nature, David Quammen looks at the natural world from yet another angle: the search for the next human pandemic, what epidemiologists call “the next big one.” His quest leads him around the world to study a variety of suspect zoonoses—animal-hosted pathogens that infect humans.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "An animal disease, such as rabies or anthrax, that can be transmitted to humans."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "biology",
          "biology"
        ],
        [
          "microbiology",
          "microbiology"
        ],
        [
          "disease",
          "disease"
        ],
        [
          "rabies",
          "rabies"
        ],
        [
          "anthrax",
          "anthrax"
        ],
        [
          "transmitted",
          "transmit"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(biology, microbiology) An animal disease, such as rabies or anthrax, that can be transmitted to humans."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "biology",
        "microbiology",
        "natural-sciences"
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "zoonosis"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/zəʊ.ˈɒn.ə.sɪs/",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/zoʊ.ˈɒn.ə.sɪs/",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˌzoʊ.əˈnoʊ.sɪs/",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Wodencafe-zoonosis.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/4e/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Wodencafe-zoonosis.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Wodencafe-zoonosis.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/4e/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Wodencafe-zoonosis.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Wodencafe-zoonosis.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (US)"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "zoönosis"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "az",
      "lang": "Azerbaijani",
      "sense": "animal disease that can be transmitted to humans",
      "word": "zoonoz"
    },
    {
      "code": "eu",
      "lang": "Basque",
      "sense": "animal disease that can be transmitted to humans",
      "word": "zoonosi"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "zoonoza",
      "sense": "animal disease that can be transmitted to humans",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "зооноза"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "animal disease that can be transmitted to humans",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "zoonosi"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "rénchù gòngtōngbìng",
      "sense": "animal disease that can be transmitted to humans",
      "word": "人畜共通病"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "animal disease that can be transmitted to humans",
      "word": "人畜共通傳染病"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "rénchù gòngtōng chuánrǎnbìng",
      "sense": "animal disease that can be transmitted to humans",
      "word": "人畜共通传染病"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "animal disease that can be transmitted to humans",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "zoonóza"
    },
    {
      "code": "da",
      "lang": "Danish",
      "sense": "animal disease that can be transmitted to humans",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "zoonose"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "animal disease that can be transmitted to humans",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "zoönose"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "animal disease that can be transmitted to humans",
      "word": "zoonozo"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "animal disease that can be transmitted to humans",
      "word": "zoonoosi"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "animal disease that can be transmitted to humans",
      "word": "eläinperäinen sairaus"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "animal disease that can be transmitted to humans",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "zoonose"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "animal disease that can be transmitted to humans",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "zoonose"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "roman": "zoonozi",
      "sense": "animal disease that can be transmitted to humans",
      "word": "ზოონოზი"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "animal disease that can be transmitted to humans",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Zoonose"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "zoonósos",
      "sense": "animal disease that can be transmitted to humans",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "ζωονόσος"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "zooanthroponósos",
      "sense": "animal disease that can be transmitted to humans",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "ζωοανθρωπονόσος"
    },
    {
      "code": "hi",
      "lang": "Hindi",
      "roman": "zūnosis",
      "sense": "animal disease that can be transmitted to humans",
      "word": "ज़ूनोसिस"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "animal disease that can be transmitted to humans",
      "word": "zoonózis"
    },
    {
      "code": "is",
      "lang": "Icelandic",
      "sense": "animal disease that can be transmitted to humans",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "súna"
    },
    {
      "code": "ia",
      "lang": "Interlingua",
      "sense": "animal disease that can be transmitted to humans",
      "word": "zoonose"
    },
    {
      "code": "ga",
      "lang": "Irish",
      "sense": "animal disease that can be transmitted to humans",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "zónóis"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "animal disease that can be transmitted to humans",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "zoonosi"
    },
    {
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "zūnōshisu",
      "sense": "animal disease that can be transmitted to humans",
      "word": "ズーノーシス"
    },
    {
      "code": "kk",
      "lang": "Kazakh",
      "roman": "zoonoz",
      "sense": "animal disease that can be transmitted to humans",
      "word": "зооноз"
    },
    {
      "code": "ko",
      "lang": "Korean",
      "roman": "insugongtonggamyeombyeong",
      "sense": "animal disease that can be transmitted to humans",
      "word": "인수공통감염병"
    },
    {
      "code": "ky",
      "lang": "Kyrgyz",
      "roman": "zoonoz",
      "sense": "animal disease that can be transmitted to humans",
      "word": "зооноз"
    },
    {
      "code": "ms",
      "lang": "Malay",
      "sense": "animal disease that can be transmitted to humans",
      "word": "zoonosis"
    },
    {
      "code": "nb",
      "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
      "sense": "animal disease that can be transmitted to humans",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "zoonose"
    },
    {
      "code": "nn",
      "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
      "sense": "animal disease that can be transmitted to humans",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "zoonose"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "animal disease that can be transmitted to humans",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "zoonoza"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "animal disease that can be transmitted to humans",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "zoonose"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "animal disease that can be transmitted to humans",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "zoonoză"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "zoonóz",
      "sense": "animal disease that can be transmitted to humans",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "зооно́з"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "animal disease that can be transmitted to humans",
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic",
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "зооно́за"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "animal disease that can be transmitted to humans",
      "tags": [
        "Roman",
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "zoonóza"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "animal disease that can be transmitted to humans",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "zoonosis"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "animal disease that can be transmitted to humans",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "zoonos"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "animal disease that can be transmitted to humans",
      "word": "zoonoz"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "zoonóz",
      "sense": "animal disease that can be transmitted to humans",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "зооно́з"
    },
    {
      "code": "vi",
      "lang": "Vietnamese",
      "sense": "animal disease that can be transmitted to humans",
      "word": "động vật lây truyền bệnh"
    },
    {
      "code": "wa",
      "lang": "Walloon",
      "sense": "animal disease that can be transmitted to humans",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "zonôze"
    }
  ],
  "word": "zoonosis"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-31 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (91e95e7 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.