See wergeld in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for wergeld meaning in English (10.3kB)
{
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"2": "ang",
"3": "werġeld"
},
"expansion": "Learned borrowing from Old English werġeld",
"name": "lbor"
},
{
"args": {
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"t": "compensation for a man killed"
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{
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},
{
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"2": "geld"
},
"expansion": "geld",
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}
],
"etymology_text": "Learned borrowing from Old English werġeld, wereġeld (“compensation for a man killed”), from Proto-West Germanic *werageld. More at wer, geld.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "wergelds",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
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"pos": "noun",
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{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "blood money"
},
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"word": "Lex Frisionum"
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{
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{
"ref": "1973, George Vernadsky, Kievan Russia",
"text": "In its opening article the equality of the wergeld of a Novgorodian Slav with that of a Kievan Russian is proclaimed.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1995, David Anthony Edgell Pelteret, Slavery in Early Mediaeval England: From the Reign of Alfred Until the Twelfth Century",
"text": "In these clauses a lord had the duty of yielding up his esne if he was guilty of homicide and paying the dead man's wergeld. If the esne escaped, his lord had then to pay the value of a further man (that is, one hundred shillings), which was a ceorl's wergeld and may well have been the value of an esne as well.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Blood money, the monetary value assigned to a person, set according to their rank, used to determine the compensation paid by the perpetrator of a crime to the victim in the case of injury or to the victim's kindred in the case of homicide, distinct from bloodwite."
],
"id": "en-wergeld-en-noun-rcp6YyfK",
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"injury",
"injury"
],
[
"kindred",
"kindred"
],
[
"homicide",
"homicide"
],
[
"bloodwite",
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],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical, especially in Germanic law) Blood money, the monetary value assigned to a person, set according to their rank, used to determine the compensation paid by the perpetrator of a crime to the victim in the case of injury or to the victim's kindred in the case of homicide, distinct from bloodwite."
],
"raw_tags": [
"in Germanic law"
],
"tags": [
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"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "monetary value",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "guidrigildo"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "monetary value",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "główszczyzna"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"note": "for injury;for homicide",
"sense": "monetary value",
"word": "galanas or sarhad"
}
]
},
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{
"ref": "1977, J.R.R. Tolkien, Of the Rings of Power, HarperCollins, pages 353–354",
"text": "Isildur would not surrender [The Ruling Ring] to Elrond and Círdan who stood by. [...] ‘This I will have as weregild for my father's death, and my brother's. Was it not I that dealt the Enemy his death-blow?’",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2002, Richard Firth Green, A Crisis of Truth: Literature and Law in Ricardian England",
"text": "The folklaw set a price on every person's head and this price was easily converted into oath equivalents: if the wergeld to be paid for killing a churl was 200 shillings, for killing a thegn 1200 shillings, and for killing a king 7,200 shillings, then it follows that for a churl to sue a thegn he would need five other 200-shilling men prepared to swear alongside him, and to sue a king, thirty-five others.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Compensation thus determined and paid; a reparative payment."
],
"id": "en-wergeld-en-noun-8wU0rD-U",
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"(historical, especially in Germanic law) Compensation thus determined and paid; a reparative payment."
],
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"in Germanic law"
],
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"especially",
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],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "9 91",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "diya",
"sense": "reparative payment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "دِيَة"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 91",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "krǎ́vnina",
"sense": "reparative payment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "кръ́внина"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 91",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "reparative payment",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "mandebod"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 91",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "reparative payment",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "weergeld"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 91",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "reparative payment",
"tags": [
"masculine"
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},
{
"_dis1": "9 91",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "reparative payment",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "bloedgeld"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 91",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "reparative payment",
"word": "veriraha"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 91",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "reparative payment",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "prix du sang"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 91",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "reparative payment",
"word": "wergeld"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 91",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "reparative payment",
"word": "weregild"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 91",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "reparative payment",
"word": "wergild"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 91",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "reparative payment",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Wergeld"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 91",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "reparative payment",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Manngeld"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 91",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "reparative payment",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Blutgeld"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 91",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "poiní",
"sense": "reparative payment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ποινή"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 91",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "poinḗ",
"sense": "reparative payment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ποινή"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 91",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "reparative payment",
"word": "vérdíj"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 91",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "reparative payment",
"word": "vérpénz"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 91",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "reparative payment",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "airgead fola"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 91",
"code": "la",
"english": "medieval",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "reparative payment",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "weregildum"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 91",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "krvnina",
"sense": "reparative payment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "крвнина"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 91",
"code": "zdj",
"lang": "Ngazidja Comorian",
"sense": "reparative payment",
"tags": [
"class-9"
],
"word": "diya"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 91",
"code": "fro",
"lang": "Old French",
"sense": "reparative payment",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "were"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 91",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "xunbahâ",
"sense": "reparative payment",
"word": "خونبها"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 91",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "reparative payment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "główszczyzna"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 91",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "víra",
"sense": "reparative payment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ви́ра"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 91",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "vérgelʹd",
"sense": "reparative payment",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ве́ргельд"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 91",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "reparative payment",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "крва̀рина"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 91",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "reparative payment",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "крвнѝна"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 91",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "reparative payment",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "вражда"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 91",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "reparative payment",
"tags": [
"Latin",
"feminine"
],
"word": "krvàrina"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 91",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "reparative payment",
"tags": [
"Latin",
"feminine"
],
"word": "krvnìna f vražda"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 91",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "reparative payment",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "precio de la sangre"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 91",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "reparative payment",
"word": "wergild"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 91",
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "reparative payment",
"tags": [
"class-9"
],
"word": "diya"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 91",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "reparative payment",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "mansbot"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 91",
"code": "ti",
"lang": "Tigrinya",
"roman": "gar",
"sense": "reparative payment",
"word": "ጋር"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 91",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "výra",
"sense": "reparative payment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ви́ра"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 91",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "reparative payment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "galanas"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 91",
"code": "fy",
"lang": "West Frisian",
"sense": "reparative payment",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "manneboet"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈwɛə(ɹ)ɡɛld/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈwɜː(ɹ)ɡɛld/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "wer"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "wehrgeld"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "weregeld"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "weregild"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "were gild"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "wergelt"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "wergild"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"wergeld"
],
"word": "wergeld"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English learned borrowings from Old English",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Old English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English uncountable nouns"
],
"etymology_templates": [
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"args": {
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"2": "ang",
"3": "werġeld"
},
"expansion": "Learned borrowing from Old English werġeld",
"name": "lbor"
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{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "wereġeld",
"t": "compensation for a man killed"
},
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"name": "m"
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{
"args": {
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"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *werageld",
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"args": {
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},
{
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"1": "en",
"2": "geld"
},
"expansion": "geld",
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}
],
"etymology_text": "Learned borrowing from Old English werġeld, wereġeld (“compensation for a man killed”), from Proto-West Germanic *werageld. More at wer, geld.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "wergelds",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
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"pos": "noun",
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"categories": [
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],
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{
"ref": "1973, George Vernadsky, Kievan Russia",
"text": "In its opening article the equality of the wergeld of a Novgorodian Slav with that of a Kievan Russian is proclaimed.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1995, David Anthony Edgell Pelteret, Slavery in Early Mediaeval England: From the Reign of Alfred Until the Twelfth Century",
"text": "In these clauses a lord had the duty of yielding up his esne if he was guilty of homicide and paying the dead man's wergeld. If the esne escaped, his lord had then to pay the value of a further man (that is, one hundred shillings), which was a ceorl's wergeld and may well have been the value of an esne as well.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Blood money, the monetary value assigned to a person, set according to their rank, used to determine the compensation paid by the perpetrator of a crime to the victim in the case of injury or to the victim's kindred in the case of homicide, distinct from bloodwite."
],
"links": [
[
"law",
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],
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"Blood money",
"blood money"
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[
"rank",
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],
[
"injury",
"injury"
],
[
"kindred",
"kindred"
],
[
"homicide",
"homicide"
],
[
"bloodwite",
"bloodwite"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical, especially in Germanic law) Blood money, the monetary value assigned to a person, set according to their rank, used to determine the compensation paid by the perpetrator of a crime to the victim in the case of injury or to the victim's kindred in the case of homicide, distinct from bloodwite."
],
"raw_tags": [
"in Germanic law"
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"especially",
"historical",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with historical senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned",
"en:Law"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1977, J.R.R. Tolkien, Of the Rings of Power, HarperCollins, pages 353–354",
"text": "Isildur would not surrender [The Ruling Ring] to Elrond and Círdan who stood by. [...] ‘This I will have as weregild for my father's death, and my brother's. Was it not I that dealt the Enemy his death-blow?’",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2002, Richard Firth Green, A Crisis of Truth: Literature and Law in Ricardian England",
"text": "The folklaw set a price on every person's head and this price was easily converted into oath equivalents: if the wergeld to be paid for killing a churl was 200 shillings, for killing a thegn 1200 shillings, and for killing a king 7,200 shillings, then it follows that for a churl to sue a thegn he would need five other 200-shilling men prepared to swear alongside him, and to sue a king, thirty-five others.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Compensation thus determined and paid; a reparative payment."
],
"links": [
[
"law",
"law#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical, especially in Germanic law) Compensation thus determined and paid; a reparative payment."
],
"raw_tags": [
"in Germanic law"
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"especially",
"historical",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈwɛə(ɹ)ɡɛld/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈwɜː(ɹ)ɡɛld/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "wer"
},
{
"word": "wehrgeld"
},
{
"word": "weregeld"
},
{
"word": "weregild"
},
{
"word": "were gild"
},
{
"word": "wergelt"
},
{
"word": "wergild"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "monetary value",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "guidrigildo"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "monetary value",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "główszczyzna"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"note": "for injury;for homicide",
"sense": "monetary value",
"word": "galanas or sarhad"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "diya",
"sense": "reparative payment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "دِيَة"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "krǎ́vnina",
"sense": "reparative payment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "кръ́внина"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "reparative payment",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "mandebod"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "reparative payment",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "weergeld"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "reparative payment",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bloedprijs"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "reparative payment",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "bloedgeld"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "reparative payment",
"word": "veriraha"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "reparative payment",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "prix du sang"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "reparative payment",
"word": "wergeld"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "reparative payment",
"word": "weregild"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "reparative payment",
"word": "wergild"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "reparative payment",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Wergeld"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "reparative payment",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Manngeld"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "reparative payment",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Blutgeld"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "poiní",
"sense": "reparative payment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ποινή"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "poinḗ",
"sense": "reparative payment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ποινή"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "reparative payment",
"word": "vérdíj"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "reparative payment",
"word": "vérpénz"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "reparative payment",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "airgead fola"
},
{
"code": "la",
"english": "medieval",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "reparative payment",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "weregildum"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "krvnina",
"sense": "reparative payment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "крвнина"
},
{
"code": "zdj",
"lang": "Ngazidja Comorian",
"sense": "reparative payment",
"tags": [
"class-9"
],
"word": "diya"
},
{
"code": "fro",
"lang": "Old French",
"sense": "reparative payment",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "were"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "xunbahâ",
"sense": "reparative payment",
"word": "خونبها"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "reparative payment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "główszczyzna"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "víra",
"sense": "reparative payment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ви́ра"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "vérgelʹd",
"sense": "reparative payment",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ве́ргельд"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "reparative payment",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "крва̀рина"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "reparative payment",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "крвнѝна"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "reparative payment",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "вражда"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "reparative payment",
"tags": [
"Latin",
"feminine"
],
"word": "krvàrina"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "reparative payment",
"tags": [
"Latin",
"feminine"
],
"word": "krvnìna f vražda"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "reparative payment",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "precio de la sangre"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "reparative payment",
"word": "wergild"
},
{
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "reparative payment",
"tags": [
"class-9"
],
"word": "diya"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "reparative payment",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "mansbot"
},
{
"code": "ti",
"lang": "Tigrinya",
"roman": "gar",
"sense": "reparative payment",
"word": "ጋር"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "výra",
"sense": "reparative payment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ви́ра"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "reparative payment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "galanas"
},
{
"code": "fy",
"lang": "West Frisian",
"sense": "reparative payment",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "manneboet"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"wergeld"
],
"word": "wergeld"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.