See villainous in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "villainously"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "villainousness"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "vileinous"
},
"expansion": "Middle English vileinous",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "vileneus"
},
"expansion": "Old French vileneus",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "villain",
"3": "-ous"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, villain + -ous",
"name": "surf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English vileinous, from Old French vileneus. By surface analysis, villain + -ous.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more villainous",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most villainous",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "villainous (comparative more villainous, superlative most villainous)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Of, relating to, or appropriate to a villain."
],
"id": "en-villainous-en-adj-tvlGsElZ",
"links": [
[
"villain",
"villain"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "širrīr",
"sense": "of, relating to, or appropriate to a villain",
"word": "شِرِّير"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "zlodejski",
"sense": "of, relating to, or appropriate to a villain",
"word": "злодейски"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "of, relating to, or appropriate to a villain",
"word": "crapuleux"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "of, relating to, or appropriate to a villain",
"word": "scélérat"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "boroṭuli",
"sense": "of, relating to, or appropriate to a villain",
"word": "ბოროტული"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "boroṭmokmeduli",
"sense": "of, relating to, or appropriate to a villain",
"word": "ბოროტმოქმედული"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "saʒageli",
"sense": "of, relating to, or appropriate to a villain",
"word": "საძაგელი"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "of, relating to, or appropriate to a villain",
"word": "niederträchtig"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "of, relating to, or appropriate to a villain",
"word": "bösartig"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "panoûrgos",
"sense": "of, relating to, or appropriate to a villain",
"word": "πανοῦργος"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "of, relating to, or appropriate to a villain",
"word": "bithiúnta"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "akuratsu naru",
"sense": "of, relating to, or appropriate to a villain",
"word": "悪辣なる"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "of, relating to, or appropriate to a villain",
"word": "scelestus"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "of, relating to, or appropriate to a villain",
"word": "vilanesco"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "zloj",
"sense": "of, relating to, or appropriate to a villain",
"word": "злой"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"note": "of an action",
"roman": "zlodéjskij",
"sense": "of, relating to, or appropriate to a villain",
"word": "злоде́йский"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "of, relating to, or appropriate to a villain",
"word": "skurkaktig"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "19 81",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 84",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -ous",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 91",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 92",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 96",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 84",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 88",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Arabic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 87",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 88",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 88",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Georgian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 87",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 88",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Irish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 91",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 91",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 82",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 91",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 88",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 97",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Personality",
"orig": "en:Personality",
"parents": [
"Mind",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1601, Ben Jonson, Poetaster or The Arraignment: […], London: […] [R. Bradock] for M[atthew] L[ownes] […], published 1602, →OCLC, Act III:",
"text": "Tuc[ca]. […] Can thy Author doe it impudently enough? / Hiſt[rio]. O, I warrant you, Captaine: and ſpitefully inough too; he ha's one of the moſt ouerflowing villanous wits, in Rome. He will ſlander any man that breathes; If he diſguſt him. / Tucca. I'le know the poor, egregious, nitty Raſcall; and he haue ſuch commendable Qualities, I'le cheriſh him: […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1930, Norman Lindsay, Redheap, Sydney, N.S.W.: Ure Smith, published 1965, →OCLC, page 9:",
"text": "Bah! to this toilet for the villainous boredom of church.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Wicked, offensive, or reprehensible in nature or behaviour; nefarious."
],
"id": "en-villainous-en-adj-5mNzSIGZ",
"links": [
[
"Wicked",
"wicked"
],
[
"offensive",
"offensive"
],
[
"reprehensible",
"reprehensible"
],
[
"nature",
"nature"
],
[
"behaviour",
"behaviour"
],
[
"nefarious",
"nefarious"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈvɪlənəs/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-villainous.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/57/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-villainous.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-villainous.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/57/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-villainous.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-villainous.wav.ogg"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "villanous"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "villainly"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "villainy"
}
],
"word": "villainous"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms suffixed with -ous",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"en:Personality"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "villainously"
},
{
"word": "villainousness"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "vileinous"
},
"expansion": "Middle English vileinous",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "vileneus"
},
"expansion": "Old French vileneus",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "villain",
"3": "-ous"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, villain + -ous",
"name": "surf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English vileinous, from Old French vileneus. By surface analysis, villain + -ous.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more villainous",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most villainous",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "villainous (comparative more villainous, superlative most villainous)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Of, relating to, or appropriate to a villain."
],
"links": [
[
"villain",
"villain"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1601, Ben Jonson, Poetaster or The Arraignment: […], London: […] [R. Bradock] for M[atthew] L[ownes] […], published 1602, →OCLC, Act III:",
"text": "Tuc[ca]. […] Can thy Author doe it impudently enough? / Hiſt[rio]. O, I warrant you, Captaine: and ſpitefully inough too; he ha's one of the moſt ouerflowing villanous wits, in Rome. He will ſlander any man that breathes; If he diſguſt him. / Tucca. I'le know the poor, egregious, nitty Raſcall; and he haue ſuch commendable Qualities, I'le cheriſh him: […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1930, Norman Lindsay, Redheap, Sydney, N.S.W.: Ure Smith, published 1965, →OCLC, page 9:",
"text": "Bah! to this toilet for the villainous boredom of church.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Wicked, offensive, or reprehensible in nature or behaviour; nefarious."
],
"links": [
[
"Wicked",
"wicked"
],
[
"offensive",
"offensive"
],
[
"reprehensible",
"reprehensible"
],
[
"nature",
"nature"
],
[
"behaviour",
"behaviour"
],
[
"nefarious",
"nefarious"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈvɪlənəs/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-villainous.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/57/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-villainous.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-villainous.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/57/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-villainous.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-villainous.wav.ogg"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "villanous"
},
{
"word": "villainly"
},
{
"word": "villainy"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "širrīr",
"sense": "of, relating to, or appropriate to a villain",
"word": "شِرِّير"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "zlodejski",
"sense": "of, relating to, or appropriate to a villain",
"word": "злодейски"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "of, relating to, or appropriate to a villain",
"word": "crapuleux"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "of, relating to, or appropriate to a villain",
"word": "scélérat"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "boroṭuli",
"sense": "of, relating to, or appropriate to a villain",
"word": "ბოროტული"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "boroṭmokmeduli",
"sense": "of, relating to, or appropriate to a villain",
"word": "ბოროტმოქმედული"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "saʒageli",
"sense": "of, relating to, or appropriate to a villain",
"word": "საძაგელი"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "of, relating to, or appropriate to a villain",
"word": "niederträchtig"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "of, relating to, or appropriate to a villain",
"word": "bösartig"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "panoûrgos",
"sense": "of, relating to, or appropriate to a villain",
"word": "πανοῦργος"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "of, relating to, or appropriate to a villain",
"word": "bithiúnta"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "akuratsu naru",
"sense": "of, relating to, or appropriate to a villain",
"word": "悪辣なる"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "of, relating to, or appropriate to a villain",
"word": "scelestus"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "of, relating to, or appropriate to a villain",
"word": "vilanesco"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "zloj",
"sense": "of, relating to, or appropriate to a villain",
"word": "злой"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"note": "of an action",
"roman": "zlodéjskij",
"sense": "of, relating to, or appropriate to a villain",
"word": "злоде́йский"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "of, relating to, or appropriate to a villain",
"word": "skurkaktig"
}
],
"word": "villainous"
}
Download raw JSONL data for villainous meaning in English (5.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.