See undergird in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "undermine"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "under",
"3": "gird"
},
"expansion": "under- + gird",
"name": "prefix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From under- + gird.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "undergirds",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "undergirding",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "undergirded",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "undergirded",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "undergirt",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "undergirt",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"past2": "undergirt"
},
"expansion": "undergird (third-person singular simple present undergirds, present participle undergirding, simple past and past participle undergirded or undergirt)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"To strengthen, secure, or reinforce by passing a rope, cable, or chain around the underside of an object."
],
"id": "en-undergird-en-verb-hbPVvEns",
"links": [
[
"strengthen",
"strengthen"
],
[
"secure",
"secure"
],
[
"reinforce",
"reinforce"
],
[
"rope",
"rope"
],
[
"cable",
"cable"
],
[
"chain",
"chain"
],
[
"underside",
"underside"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2015, Mary Ellen Snodgrass, Barbara Kingsolver: A Literary Companion, McFarland, →ISBN, page 3:",
"text": "For fiction, documentary, verse, and essay, she undergirds entertaining images and stories with profound themes of ecological responsibility and challenge to the suppression of human rights.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To give fundamental support; provide with a sound or secure basis; provide supportive evidence for."
],
"id": "en-undergird-en-verb--R24fDso",
"links": [
[
"support",
"support"
],
[
"provide",
"provide"
],
[
"sound",
"sound"
],
[
"secure",
"secure"
],
[
"supportive",
"supportive"
],
[
"evidence",
"evidence"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative) To give fundamental support; provide with a sound or secure basis; provide supportive evidence for."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "4 76 19 1",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "provide supportive evidence for",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "podporovat"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 76 19 1",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "provide supportive evidence for",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "podpořit"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 76 19 1",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "provide supportive evidence for",
"word": "understøtte"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "16 20 61 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 20 36 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms prefixed with under-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 16 64 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 22 60 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 16 66 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 18 50 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Czech translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 17 60 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 17 53 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To lend moral support to."
],
"id": "en-undergird-en-verb-S54tMWMZ",
"links": [
[
"lend",
"lend"
],
[
"moral",
"moral"
],
[
"support",
"support"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "3 7 89 1",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "lend moral support to",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "podpořit"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 7 89 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "lend moral support to",
"word": "unterfüttern"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 7 89 1",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "lend moral support to",
"word": "backe opp"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 7 89 1",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "lend moral support to",
"word": "oppbacke"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To secure below or underneath."
],
"id": "en-undergird-en-verb-JXS6yBkr",
"links": [
[
"secure",
"secure"
],
[
"below",
"below"
],
[
"underneath",
"underneath"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "30 16 2 52",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "secure below, underneath",
"word": "støtte opp under"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-undergird.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2e/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Flame%2C_not_lame-undergird.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Flame%2C_not_lame-undergird.wav.mp3",
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}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "fortify"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "shore up"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "succour"
}
],
"word": "undergird"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "undermine"
}
],
"categories": [
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English terms prefixed with under-",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Norwegian translations"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "under",
"3": "gird"
},
"expansion": "under- + gird",
"name": "prefix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From under- + gird.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "undergirds",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "undergirding",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "undergirded",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "undergirded",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "undergirt",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "undergirt",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"past2": "undergirt"
},
"expansion": "undergird (third-person singular simple present undergirds, present participle undergirding, simple past and past participle undergirded or undergirt)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"To strengthen, secure, or reinforce by passing a rope, cable, or chain around the underside of an object."
],
"links": [
[
"strengthen",
"strengthen"
],
[
"secure",
"secure"
],
[
"reinforce",
"reinforce"
],
[
"rope",
"rope"
],
[
"cable",
"cable"
],
[
"chain",
"chain"
],
[
"underside",
"underside"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2015, Mary Ellen Snodgrass, Barbara Kingsolver: A Literary Companion, McFarland, →ISBN, page 3:",
"text": "For fiction, documentary, verse, and essay, she undergirds entertaining images and stories with profound themes of ecological responsibility and challenge to the suppression of human rights.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To give fundamental support; provide with a sound or secure basis; provide supportive evidence for."
],
"links": [
[
"support",
"support"
],
[
"provide",
"provide"
],
[
"sound",
"sound"
],
[
"secure",
"secure"
],
[
"supportive",
"supportive"
],
[
"evidence",
"evidence"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative) To give fundamental support; provide with a sound or secure basis; provide supportive evidence for."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To lend moral support to."
],
"links": [
[
"lend",
"lend"
],
[
"moral",
"moral"
],
[
"support",
"support"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To secure below or underneath."
],
"links": [
[
"secure",
"secure"
],
[
"below",
"below"
],
[
"underneath",
"underneath"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-undergird.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2e/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Flame%2C_not_lame-undergird.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Flame%2C_not_lame-undergird.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2e/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Flame%2C_not_lame-undergird.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Flame%2C_not_lame-undergird.wav.ogg"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "fortify"
},
{
"word": "shore up"
},
{
"word": "succour"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "provide supportive evidence for",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "podporovat"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "provide supportive evidence for",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "podpořit"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "provide supportive evidence for",
"word": "understøtte"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "lend moral support to",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "podpořit"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "lend moral support to",
"word": "unterfüttern"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "lend moral support to",
"word": "backe opp"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "lend moral support to",
"word": "oppbacke"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "secure below, underneath",
"word": "støtte opp under"
}
],
"word": "undergird"
}
Download raw JSONL data for undergird meaning in English (3.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-02 using wiktextract (b81b832 and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.