"undergird" meaning in All languages combined

See undergird on Wiktionary

Verb [English]

Forms: undergirds [present, singular, third-person], undergirding [participle, present], undergirded [participle, past], undergirded [past], undergirt [participle, past], undergirt [past]
Etymology: From under- + gird. Etymology templates: {{prefix|en|under|gird}} under- + gird Head templates: {{en-verb|past2=undergirt}} undergird (third-person singular simple present undergirds, present participle undergirding, simple past and past participle undergirded or undergirt)
  1. To strengthen, secure, or reinforce by passing a rope, cable, or chain around the underside of an object.
    Sense id: en-undergird-en-verb-hbPVvEns
  2. (figurative) To give fundamental support; provide with a sound or secure basis; provide supportive evidence for. Tags: figuratively Translations (provide supportive evidence for): podporovat [imperfective] (Czech), podpořit [perfective] (Czech), understøtte (Norwegian)
    Sense id: en-undergird-en-verb--R24fDso Disambiguation of 'provide supportive evidence for': 3 86 10 1
  3. To lend moral support to. Translations (lend moral support to): podpořit [perfective] (Czech), unterfüttern (German), backe opp (Norwegian), oppbacke (Norwegian)
    Sense id: en-undergird-en-verb-S54tMWMZ Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, English terms prefixed with under- Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 16 20 59 4 Disambiguation of English terms prefixed with under-: 19 20 36 25 Disambiguation of 'lend moral support to': 2 5 91 1
  4. To secure below or underneath. Translations (secure below, underneath): støtte opp under (Norwegian)
    Sense id: en-undergird-en-verb-JXS6yBkr Disambiguation of 'secure below, underneath': 31 16 2 52
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: shore up, fortify, succour

Inflected forms

Download JSON data for undergird meaning in All languages combined (3.8kB)

{
  "antonyms": [
    {
      "word": "undermine"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "under",
        "3": "gird"
      },
      "expansion": "under- + gird",
      "name": "prefix"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From under- + gird.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "undergirds",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "undergirding",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "undergirded",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "undergirded",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "undergirt",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "undergirt",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "past2": "undergirt"
      },
      "expansion": "undergird (third-person singular simple present undergirds, present participle undergirding, simple past and past participle undergirded or undergirt)",
      "name": "en-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To strengthen, secure, or reinforce by passing a rope, cable, or chain around the underside of an object."
      ],
      "id": "en-undergird-en-verb-hbPVvEns",
      "links": [
        [
          "strengthen",
          "strengthen"
        ],
        [
          "secure",
          "secure"
        ],
        [
          "reinforce",
          "reinforce"
        ],
        [
          "rope",
          "rope"
        ],
        [
          "cable",
          "cable"
        ],
        [
          "chain",
          "chain"
        ],
        [
          "underside",
          "underside"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "2015, Mary Ellen Snodgrass, Barbara Kingsolver: A Literary Companion, McFarland, page 3",
          "text": "For fiction, documentary, verse, and essay, she undergirds entertaining images and stories with profound themes of ecological responsibility and challenge to the suppression of human rights.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To give fundamental support; provide with a sound or secure basis; provide supportive evidence for."
      ],
      "id": "en-undergird-en-verb--R24fDso",
      "links": [
        [
          "support",
          "support"
        ],
        [
          "provide",
          "provide"
        ],
        [
          "sound",
          "sound"
        ],
        [
          "secure",
          "secure"
        ],
        [
          "supportive",
          "supportive"
        ],
        [
          "evidence",
          "evidence"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(figurative) To give fundamental support; provide with a sound or secure basis; provide supportive evidence for."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "3 86 10 1",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "provide supportive evidence for",
          "tags": [
            "imperfective"
          ],
          "word": "podporovat"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 86 10 1",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "provide supportive evidence for",
          "tags": [
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "podpořit"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 86 10 1",
          "code": "no",
          "lang": "Norwegian",
          "sense": "provide supportive evidence for",
          "word": "understøtte"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "16 20 59 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "19 20 36 25",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English terms prefixed with under-",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To lend moral support to."
      ],
      "id": "en-undergird-en-verb-S54tMWMZ",
      "links": [
        [
          "lend",
          "lend"
        ],
        [
          "moral",
          "moral"
        ],
        [
          "support",
          "support"
        ]
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "2 5 91 1",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "lend moral support to",
          "tags": [
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "podpořit"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 5 91 1",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "lend moral support to",
          "word": "unterfüttern"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 5 91 1",
          "code": "no",
          "lang": "Norwegian",
          "sense": "lend moral support to",
          "word": "backe opp"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 5 91 1",
          "code": "no",
          "lang": "Norwegian",
          "sense": "lend moral support to",
          "word": "oppbacke"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To secure below or underneath."
      ],
      "id": "en-undergird-en-verb-JXS6yBkr",
      "links": [
        [
          "secure",
          "secure"
        ],
        [
          "below",
          "below"
        ],
        [
          "underneath",
          "underneath"
        ]
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "31 16 2 52",
          "code": "no",
          "lang": "Norwegian",
          "sense": "secure below, underneath",
          "word": "støtte opp under"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "shore up"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "fortify"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "succour"
    }
  ],
  "word": "undergird"
}
{
  "antonyms": [
    {
      "word": "undermine"
    }
  ],
  "categories": [
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English terms prefixed with under-",
    "English verbs"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "under",
        "3": "gird"
      },
      "expansion": "under- + gird",
      "name": "prefix"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From under- + gird.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "undergirds",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "undergirding",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "undergirded",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "undergirded",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "undergirt",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "undergirt",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "past2": "undergirt"
      },
      "expansion": "undergird (third-person singular simple present undergirds, present participle undergirding, simple past and past participle undergirded or undergirt)",
      "name": "en-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To strengthen, secure, or reinforce by passing a rope, cable, or chain around the underside of an object."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "strengthen",
          "strengthen"
        ],
        [
          "secure",
          "secure"
        ],
        [
          "reinforce",
          "reinforce"
        ],
        [
          "rope",
          "rope"
        ],
        [
          "cable",
          "cable"
        ],
        [
          "chain",
          "chain"
        ],
        [
          "underside",
          "underside"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "2015, Mary Ellen Snodgrass, Barbara Kingsolver: A Literary Companion, McFarland, page 3",
          "text": "For fiction, documentary, verse, and essay, she undergirds entertaining images and stories with profound themes of ecological responsibility and challenge to the suppression of human rights.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To give fundamental support; provide with a sound or secure basis; provide supportive evidence for."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "support",
          "support"
        ],
        [
          "provide",
          "provide"
        ],
        [
          "sound",
          "sound"
        ],
        [
          "secure",
          "secure"
        ],
        [
          "supportive",
          "supportive"
        ],
        [
          "evidence",
          "evidence"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(figurative) To give fundamental support; provide with a sound or secure basis; provide supportive evidence for."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To lend moral support to."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "lend",
          "lend"
        ],
        [
          "moral",
          "moral"
        ],
        [
          "support",
          "support"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To secure below or underneath."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "secure",
          "secure"
        ],
        [
          "below",
          "below"
        ],
        [
          "underneath",
          "underneath"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "shore up"
    },
    {
      "word": "fortify"
    },
    {
      "word": "succour"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "provide supportive evidence for",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "podporovat"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "provide supportive evidence for",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "podpořit"
    },
    {
      "code": "no",
      "lang": "Norwegian",
      "sense": "provide supportive evidence for",
      "word": "understøtte"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "lend moral support to",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "podpořit"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "lend moral support to",
      "word": "unterfüttern"
    },
    {
      "code": "no",
      "lang": "Norwegian",
      "sense": "lend moral support to",
      "word": "backe opp"
    },
    {
      "code": "no",
      "lang": "Norwegian",
      "sense": "lend moral support to",
      "word": "oppbacke"
    },
    {
      "code": "no",
      "lang": "Norwegian",
      "sense": "secure below, underneath",
      "word": "støtte opp under"
    }
  ],
  "word": "undergird"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.