See thirl in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for thirl meaning in English (13.2kB)
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "thirl"
},
"expansion": "Middle English thirl",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "thiril"
},
"expansion": "thiril",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "þyrel",
"t": "hole"
},
"expansion": "Old English þyrel (“hole”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*þurhil"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *þurhil",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*þurhilą",
"t": "hole, opening"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *þurhilą (“hole, opening”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*tr̥h₂kʷelo-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *tr̥h₂kʷelo-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*tr̥h₂kʷe"
},
"expansion": "*tr̥h₂kʷe",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*-lo"
},
"expansion": "*-lo",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "through",
"3": "le"
},
"expansion": "through + -le",
"name": "suffix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*terh₂-"
},
"expansion": "*terh₂-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "thrill"
},
"expansion": "thrill",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "drill"
},
"expansion": "drill",
"name": "l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English thirl, thiril, from Old English þyrel (“hole”), from Proto-West Germanic *þurhil, from Proto-Germanic *þurhilą (“hole, opening”), from Proto-Indo-European *tr̥h₂kʷelo- which is *tr̥h₂kʷe + *-lo (equivalent to through + -le) from *terh₂-. Related to thrill, drill.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "thirls",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "thirl (plural thirls)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"A hole, an aperture, especially a nostril."
],
"id": "en-thirl-en-noun-HB2kYsVM",
"links": [
[
"hole",
"hole"
],
[
"aperture",
"aperture"
],
[
"nostril",
"nostril"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic or dialectal) A hole, an aperture, especially a nostril."
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dialectal"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "4 52 17 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -le",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A low door in a dry-stone wall to allow sheep to pass through; a smoot."
],
"id": "en-thirl-en-noun-o-nmGRw3",
"links": [
[
"smoot",
"smoot"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dialectal) A low door in a dry-stone wall to allow sheep to pass through; a smoot."
],
"tags": [
"dialectal"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Mining",
"orig": "en:Mining",
"parents": [
"Industries",
"Business",
"Economics",
"Society",
"Social sciences",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A short communication between adits in a mine."
],
"id": "en-thirl-en-noun-Xmq7KHXE",
"links": [
[
"mining",
"mining#Noun"
],
[
"communication",
"communication"
],
[
"adit",
"adit"
],
[
"mine",
"mine"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(mining, possibly obsolete) A short communication between adits in a mine."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"possibly"
],
"topics": [
"business",
"mining"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Mining",
"orig": "en:Mining",
"parents": [
"Industries",
"Business",
"Economics",
"Society",
"Social sciences",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A long adit in a coalpit."
],
"id": "en-thirl-en-noun-ybsWvqey",
"links": [
[
"mining",
"mining#Noun"
],
[
"adit",
"adit"
],
[
"coalpit",
"coalpit"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(mining, possibly obsolete) A long adit in a coalpit."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"possibly"
],
"topics": [
"business",
"mining"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/θɝl/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/θɜːl/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)l"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-thirl.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/75/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-thirl.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-thirl.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/75/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-thirl.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-thirl.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "thurl"
}
],
"word": "thirl"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "nostril"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "thirlable"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "thrill"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "thirlen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English thirlen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "thurlen"
},
"expansion": "thurlen",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "thorlen"
},
"expansion": "thorlen",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "þȳrlian",
"4": "",
"5": "to pierce"
},
"expansion": "Old English þȳrlian (“to pierce”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English thirlen, thurlen, thorlen, from Old English þȳrlian (“to pierce”), from the noun (see above).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "thirls",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "thirling",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "thirled",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "thirled",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "thirl (third-person singular simple present thirls, present participle thirling, simple past and past participle thirled)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1567, Arthur Golding: Ovid's Metamorphoses Bk. 3 lines 78-81",
"text": "But yet his hardnesse savde him not against the piercing dart.\nFor hitting right betweene the scales that yeelded in that part\nWhereas the joynts doe knit the backe, it thirled through the skin,\nAnd pierced to his filthy mawe and greedy guts within."
}
],
"glosses": [
"To pierce; to perforate, penetrate, cut through."
],
"id": "en-thirl-en-verb-DO9COEua",
"links": [
[
"pierce",
"pierce"
],
[
"perforate",
"perforate"
],
[
"penetrate",
"penetrate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, possibly obsolete) To pierce; to perforate, penetrate, cut through."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"possibly",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Mining",
"orig": "en:Mining",
"parents": [
"Industries",
"Business",
"Economics",
"Society",
"Social sciences",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To drill or bore; to cut through, as a partition between one working and another."
],
"id": "en-thirl-en-verb-bFXVSCZk",
"links": [
[
"mining",
"mining#Noun"
],
[
"drill",
"drill"
],
[
"bore",
"bore"
],
[
"partition",
"partition"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, mining, obsolete) To drill or bore; to cut through, as a partition between one working and another."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"business",
"mining"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/θɝl/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/θɜːl/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)l"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-thirl.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/75/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-thirl.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-thirl.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/75/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-thirl.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-thirl.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "thurl"
}
],
"word": "thirl"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en"
},
"expansion": "Uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "throw",
"3": "hurl",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "blend of throw + hurl",
"name": "blend"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Uncertain. Perhaps a blend of throw + hurl.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "thirls",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "thirling",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "thirled",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "thirled",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "thirl (third-person singular simple present thirls, present participle thirling, simple past and past participle thirled)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English blends",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": ", II.8",
"text": "And many Authours doe in this manner wound the protection of their cause, by over-rashly running against that which they take hold-of, thirling [translating lanceant] such darts at their enemies, that might with much more advantage be cast at them."
}
],
"glosses": [
"To throw (a projectile)."
],
"id": "en-thirl-en-verb-GyJ2bWn0",
"links": [
[
"throw",
"throw"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) To throw (a projectile)."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/θɝl/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/θɜːl/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)l"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-thirl.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/75/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-thirl.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-thirl.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/75/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-thirl.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-thirl.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "thurl"
}
],
"word": "thirl"
}
{
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "thrall"
},
"expansion": "thrall",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Dialectal alteration of thrall.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "thirls",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "thirling",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "thirled",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "thirled",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "thirl (third-person singular simple present thirls, present participle thirling, simple past and past participle thirled)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "thirlage"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 17 12 15 9 5 5 3 27 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To legally bind (a tenant) to the use of one's own property as an owner."
],
"id": "en-thirl-en-verb-1lqBF524",
"links": [
[
"bind",
"bind"
],
[
"property",
"property"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical, transitive) To legally bind (a tenant) to the use of one's own property as an owner."
],
"tags": [
"historical",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1951, Josephine Tey, The Daughter of Time, page 10",
"text": "Was everyone nowadays thirled to a formula?",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2005, Alexander McCall Smith, 44 Scotland Street",
"text": "And there are plenty of people — Labour politicians, for example — who want people to remain thirled to poverty, who do not want them to have any spirit or independence.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To bind; to obligate to use or be associated with."
],
"id": "en-thirl-en-verb-W5lpPbw1",
"links": [
[
"bind",
"bind"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(by extension) To bind; to obligate to use or be associated with."
],
"tags": [
"broadly"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/θɝl/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/θɜːl/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)l"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-thirl.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/75/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-thirl.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-thirl.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/75/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-thirl.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-thirl.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "thurl"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "thrill"
}
],
"word": "thirl"
}
{
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "thrall"
},
"expansion": "thrall",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Dialectal alteration of thrall.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "thirls",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "thirl (plural thirls)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"A thrall."
],
"id": "en-thirl-en-noun-l~aPVZYr",
"links": [
[
"thrall",
"thrall"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) A thrall."
],
"tags": [
"historical"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/θɝl/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/θɜːl/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)l"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-thirl.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/75/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-thirl.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-thirl.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/75/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-thirl.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-thirl.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "thurl"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "thrill"
}
],
"word": "thirl"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms suffixed with -le",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)l",
"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)l/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "thirl"
},
"expansion": "Middle English thirl",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "thiril"
},
"expansion": "thiril",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "þyrel",
"t": "hole"
},
"expansion": "Old English þyrel (“hole”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*þurhil"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *þurhil",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*þurhilą",
"t": "hole, opening"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *þurhilą (“hole, opening”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*tr̥h₂kʷelo-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *tr̥h₂kʷelo-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*tr̥h₂kʷe"
},
"expansion": "*tr̥h₂kʷe",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*-lo"
},
"expansion": "*-lo",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "through",
"3": "le"
},
"expansion": "through + -le",
"name": "suffix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*terh₂-"
},
"expansion": "*terh₂-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "thrill"
},
"expansion": "thrill",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "drill"
},
"expansion": "drill",
"name": "l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English thirl, thiril, from Old English þyrel (“hole”), from Proto-West Germanic *þurhil, from Proto-Germanic *þurhilą (“hole, opening”), from Proto-Indo-European *tr̥h₂kʷelo- which is *tr̥h₂kʷe + *-lo (equivalent to through + -le) from *terh₂-. Related to thrill, drill.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "thirls",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "thirl (plural thirls)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English dialectal terms",
"English terms with archaic senses"
],
"glosses": [
"A hole, an aperture, especially a nostril."
],
"links": [
[
"hole",
"hole"
],
[
"aperture",
"aperture"
],
[
"nostril",
"nostril"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic or dialectal) A hole, an aperture, especially a nostril."
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dialectal"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English dialectal terms"
],
"glosses": [
"A low door in a dry-stone wall to allow sheep to pass through; a smoot."
],
"links": [
[
"smoot",
"smoot"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dialectal) A low door in a dry-stone wall to allow sheep to pass through; a smoot."
],
"tags": [
"dialectal"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"en:Mining"
],
"glosses": [
"A short communication between adits in a mine."
],
"links": [
[
"mining",
"mining#Noun"
],
[
"communication",
"communication"
],
[
"adit",
"adit"
],
[
"mine",
"mine"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(mining, possibly obsolete) A short communication between adits in a mine."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"possibly"
],
"topics": [
"business",
"mining"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"en:Mining"
],
"glosses": [
"A long adit in a coalpit."
],
"links": [
[
"mining",
"mining#Noun"
],
[
"adit",
"adit"
],
[
"coalpit",
"coalpit"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(mining, possibly obsolete) A long adit in a coalpit."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"possibly"
],
"topics": [
"business",
"mining"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/θɝl/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/θɜːl/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)l"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-thirl.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/75/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-thirl.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-thirl.wav.mp3",
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"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "thurl"
}
],
"word": "thirl"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)l",
"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)l/1 syllable"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "nostril"
},
{
"word": "thirlable"
},
{
"word": "thrill"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "thirlen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English thirlen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "thurlen"
},
"expansion": "thurlen",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "thorlen"
},
"expansion": "thorlen",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "þȳrlian",
"4": "",
"5": "to pierce"
},
"expansion": "Old English þȳrlian (“to pierce”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English thirlen, thurlen, thorlen, from Old English þȳrlian (“to pierce”), from the noun (see above).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "thirls",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "thirling",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "thirled",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "thirled",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "thirl (third-person singular simple present thirls, present participle thirling, simple past and past participle thirled)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1567, Arthur Golding: Ovid's Metamorphoses Bk. 3 lines 78-81",
"text": "But yet his hardnesse savde him not against the piercing dart.\nFor hitting right betweene the scales that yeelded in that part\nWhereas the joynts doe knit the backe, it thirled through the skin,\nAnd pierced to his filthy mawe and greedy guts within."
}
],
"glosses": [
"To pierce; to perforate, penetrate, cut through."
],
"links": [
[
"pierce",
"pierce"
],
[
"perforate",
"perforate"
],
[
"penetrate",
"penetrate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, possibly obsolete) To pierce; to perforate, penetrate, cut through."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"possibly",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English transitive verbs",
"en:Mining"
],
"glosses": [
"To drill or bore; to cut through, as a partition between one working and another."
],
"links": [
[
"mining",
"mining#Noun"
],
[
"drill",
"drill"
],
[
"bore",
"bore"
],
[
"partition",
"partition"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, mining, obsolete) To drill or bore; to cut through, as a partition between one working and another."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"business",
"mining"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/θɝl/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/θɜːl/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)l"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-thirl.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/75/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-thirl.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-thirl.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/75/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-thirl.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-thirl.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "thurl"
}
],
"word": "thirl"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English blends",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English terms with unknown etymologies",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)l",
"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)l/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en"
},
"expansion": "Uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "throw",
"3": "hurl",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "blend of throw + hurl",
"name": "blend"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Uncertain. Perhaps a blend of throw + hurl.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "thirls",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "thirling",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "thirled",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "thirled",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "thirl (third-person singular simple present thirls, present participle thirling, simple past and past participle thirled)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": ", II.8",
"text": "And many Authours doe in this manner wound the protection of their cause, by over-rashly running against that which they take hold-of, thirling [translating lanceant] such darts at their enemies, that might with much more advantage be cast at them."
}
],
"glosses": [
"To throw (a projectile)."
],
"links": [
[
"throw",
"throw"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) To throw (a projectile)."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/θɝl/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/θɜːl/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)l"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-thirl.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/75/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-thirl.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-thirl.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/75/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-thirl.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-thirl.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "thurl"
}
],
"word": "thirl"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)l",
"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)l/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "thrall"
},
"expansion": "thrall",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Dialectal alteration of thrall.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "thirls",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "thirling",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "thirled",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "thirled",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "thirl (third-person singular simple present thirls, present participle thirling, simple past and past participle thirled)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "thirlage"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with historical senses",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To legally bind (a tenant) to the use of one's own property as an owner."
],
"links": [
[
"bind",
"bind"
],
[
"property",
"property"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical, transitive) To legally bind (a tenant) to the use of one's own property as an owner."
],
"tags": [
"historical",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1951, Josephine Tey, The Daughter of Time, page 10",
"text": "Was everyone nowadays thirled to a formula?",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2005, Alexander McCall Smith, 44 Scotland Street",
"text": "And there are plenty of people — Labour politicians, for example — who want people to remain thirled to poverty, who do not want them to have any spirit or independence.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To bind; to obligate to use or be associated with."
],
"links": [
[
"bind",
"bind"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(by extension) To bind; to obligate to use or be associated with."
],
"tags": [
"broadly"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/θɝl/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/θɜːl/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)l"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-thirl.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/75/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-thirl.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-thirl.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/75/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-thirl.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-thirl.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "thrill"
},
{
"word": "thurl"
}
],
"word": "thirl"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)l",
"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)l/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "thrall"
},
"expansion": "thrall",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Dialectal alteration of thrall.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "thirls",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "thirl (plural thirls)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with historical senses"
],
"glosses": [
"A thrall."
],
"links": [
[
"thrall",
"thrall"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) A thrall."
],
"tags": [
"historical"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/θɝl/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/θɜːl/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)l"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-thirl.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/75/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-thirl.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-thirl.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/75/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-thirl.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-thirl.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "thrill"
},
{
"word": "thurl"
}
],
"word": "thirl"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (93a6c53 and 21a9316). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.