See sourdough in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for sourdough meaning in English (9.9kB)
{
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"word": "old sourdough"
}
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{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "sour dogh"
},
"expansion": "Middle English sour dogh",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sour",
"3": "dough"
},
"expansion": "sour + dough",
"name": "com"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Sauerteig"
},
"expansion": "German Sauerteig",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English sour dogh, equivalent to sour + dough, compare German Sauerteig. The senses pertaining to California, Alaska and the Yukon derive from the distinctive pouches of bread starter (starter dough used to make sourdough) worn on a belt or around the neck by experienced prospectors during the Klondike Gold Rush and California Gold Rush.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "sourdoughs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
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"name": "en-noun"
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"hyphenation": [
"sour‧dough"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "33 22 27 16 2",
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{
"_dis": "40 16 16 13 15",
"kind": "topical",
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"name": "Breads",
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],
"glosses": [
"A type of bread dough leavened with yeast and lactobacilli that produce acids giving a sour taste."
],
"id": "en-sourdough-en-noun-WEhGdQ~L",
"links": [
[
"bread",
"bread"
],
[
"dough",
"dough"
],
[
"leaven",
"leaven"
],
[
"yeast",
"yeast"
],
[
"lactobacilli",
"lactobacilli"
],
[
"acid",
"acid"
],
[
"sour",
"sour"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "sourdough bread"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 1 4 1 36",
"sense": "dough",
"word": "sour dough"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "58 1 4 1 36",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "dough",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "massa mare"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 1 4 1 36",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "dough",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cap de feina"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 1 4 1 36",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "dough",
"word": "surdej"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 1 4 1 36",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "dough",
"word": "zuurdesem"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 1 4 1 36",
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "dough",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "súrdeiggj"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 1 4 1 36",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "dough",
"word": "hapantaikina"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 1 4 1 36",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "dough",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "levain"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 1 4 1 36",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "dough",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lévedo"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 1 4 1 36",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "dough",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Sauerteig"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 1 4 1 36",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "prozými",
"sense": "dough",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "προζύμι"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 1 4 1 36",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "s'or",
"sense": "dough",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "שׂאור"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 1 4 1 36",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "dough",
"word": "kovász"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 1 4 1 36",
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "dough",
"word": "hefo"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 1 4 1 36",
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "dough",
"word": "hapantaikina"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 1 4 1 36",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "dough",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "taos géar"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 1 4 1 36",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "dough",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pasta madre"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 1 4 1 36",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "dough",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lievito naturale"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 1 4 1 36",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "dough",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lievito madre"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 1 4 1 36",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "sawodo",
"sense": "dough",
"word": "사워도"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 1 4 1 36",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "dough",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "surdeig"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 1 4 1 36",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "dough",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "surdeig"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 1 4 1 36",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "dough",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ciasto na zakwasie"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 1 4 1 36",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "dough",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "zakwas"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 1 4 1 36",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "dough",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "massa azeda"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 1 4 1 36",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "dough",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pâine cu maia"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 1 4 1 36",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "opára",
"sense": "dough",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "опа́ра"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 1 4 1 36",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "dough",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "taois gheur"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 1 4 1 36",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"roman": "komlov",
"sense": "dough",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "комлов"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 1 4 1 36",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "dough",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kvások"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 1 4 1 36",
"code": "dsb",
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"sense": "dough",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kwas"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 1 4 1 36",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "dough",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "masa madre"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 1 4 1 36",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "dough",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "surdeg"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 1 4 1 36",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "dough",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "surdoes"
}
]
},
{
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{
"_dis": "33 22 27 16 2",
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"examples": [
{
"ref": "1944, Ernie Pyle, Brave Men, University of Nebraska Press (2001), page 80",
"text": "The troops went for those fresh tomatoes like sourdoughs going for gold in the Klondike."
}
],
"glosses": [
"An old-timer, especially in Alaska."
],
"id": "en-sourdough-en-noun-pZr~looh",
"links": [
[
"old-timer",
"old-timer"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable, slang) An old-timer, especially in Alaska."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"slang"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "13 58 22 6 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "old-timer",
"word": "tervaskanto"
}
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "cheechako"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Yukon English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "33 22 27 16 2",
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{
"_dis": "21 28 36 14 2",
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],
"glosses": [
"A permanent resident of the territory. Someone who has lived in the Yukon during all four seasons."
],
"id": "en-sourdough-en-noun-MJcRxw-v",
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable, Yukon) A permanent resident of the territory. Someone who has lived in the Yukon during all four seasons."
],
"tags": [
"Yukon",
"countable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "33 22 27 16 2",
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{
"_dis": "12 6 35 47 0",
"kind": "topical",
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"name": "People",
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"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A 49er, a California Gold Rush miner."
],
"id": "en-sourdough-en-noun-wphXW0gv",
"links": [
[
"49er",
"49er#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable, historical) A 49er, a California Gold Rush miner."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"historical"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 100 0",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "metalleftís",
"sense": "miner",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "μεταλλευτής"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"Leaven; an agent that makes dough rise."
],
"id": "en-sourdough-en-noun-tvxRiWVv",
"links": [
[
"Leaven",
"leaven"
],
[
"agent",
"agent"
],
[
"rise",
"rise"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Leaven; an agent that makes dough rise."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"obsolete",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsaʊɚˌdoʊ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsaʊəˌdəʊ/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-au-sourdough.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3c/En-au-sourdough.ogg/En-au-sourdough.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3c/En-au-sourdough.ogg",
"tags": [
"Australia"
],
"text": "Audio (AU)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"en:California Gold Rush",
"en:Klondike Gold Rush"
],
"word": "sourdough"
}
{
"categories": [
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"English compound terms",
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"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English uncountable nouns",
"en:Breads",
"en:People"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "old sourdough"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "sour dogh"
},
"expansion": "Middle English sour dogh",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sour",
"3": "dough"
},
"expansion": "sour + dough",
"name": "com"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Sauerteig"
},
"expansion": "German Sauerteig",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English sour dogh, equivalent to sour + dough, compare German Sauerteig. The senses pertaining to California, Alaska and the Yukon derive from the distinctive pouches of bread starter (starter dough used to make sourdough) worn on a belt or around the neck by experienced prospectors during the Klondike Gold Rush and California Gold Rush.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "sourdoughs",
"tags": [
"plural"
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}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "sourdough (countable and uncountable, plural sourdoughs)",
"name": "en-noun"
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"hyphenation": [
"sour‧dough"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A type of bread dough leavened with yeast and lactobacilli that produce acids giving a sour taste."
],
"links": [
[
"bread",
"bread"
],
[
"dough",
"dough"
],
[
"leaven",
"leaven"
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[
"yeast",
"yeast"
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[
"lactobacilli",
"lactobacilli"
],
[
"acid",
"acid"
],
[
"sour",
"sour"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "sourdough bread"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English slang"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1944, Ernie Pyle, Brave Men, University of Nebraska Press (2001), page 80",
"text": "The troops went for those fresh tomatoes like sourdoughs going for gold in the Klondike."
}
],
"glosses": [
"An old-timer, especially in Alaska."
],
"links": [
[
"old-timer",
"old-timer"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable, slang) An old-timer, especially in Alaska."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"slang"
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "cheechako"
}
],
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"Yukon English"
],
"glosses": [
"A permanent resident of the territory. Someone who has lived in the Yukon during all four seasons."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable, Yukon) A permanent resident of the territory. Someone who has lived in the Yukon during all four seasons."
],
"tags": [
"Yukon",
"countable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English terms with historical senses"
],
"glosses": [
"A 49er, a California Gold Rush miner."
],
"links": [
[
"49er",
"49er#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable, historical) A 49er, a California Gold Rush miner."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"historical"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"Leaven; an agent that makes dough rise."
],
"links": [
[
"Leaven",
"leaven"
],
[
"agent",
"agent"
],
[
"rise",
"rise"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Leaven; an agent that makes dough rise."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"obsolete",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsaʊɚˌdoʊ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsaʊəˌdəʊ/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-au-sourdough.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3c/En-au-sourdough.ogg/En-au-sourdough.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3c/En-au-sourdough.ogg",
"tags": [
"Australia"
],
"text": "Audio (AU)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "dough",
"word": "sour dough"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "dough",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "massa mare"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "dough",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cap de feina"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "dough",
"word": "surdej"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "dough",
"word": "zuurdesem"
},
{
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "dough",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "súrdeiggj"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "dough",
"word": "hapantaikina"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "dough",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "levain"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "dough",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lévedo"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "dough",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Sauerteig"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "prozými",
"sense": "dough",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "προζύμι"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "s'or",
"sense": "dough",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "שׂאור"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "dough",
"word": "kovász"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "dough",
"word": "hefo"
},
{
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "dough",
"word": "hapantaikina"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "dough",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "taos géar"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "dough",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pasta madre"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "dough",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lievito naturale"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "dough",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lievito madre"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "sawodo",
"sense": "dough",
"word": "사워도"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "dough",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "surdeig"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "dough",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "surdeig"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "dough",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ciasto na zakwasie"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "dough",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "zakwas"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "dough",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "massa azeda"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "dough",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pâine cu maia"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "opára",
"sense": "dough",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "опа́ра"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "dough",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "taois gheur"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"roman": "komlov",
"sense": "dough",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "комлов"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "dough",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kvások"
},
{
"code": "dsb",
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"sense": "dough",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kwas"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "dough",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "masa madre"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "dough",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "surdeg"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "dough",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "surdoes"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "old-timer",
"word": "tervaskanto"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "metalleftís",
"sense": "miner",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "μεταλλευτής"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"en:California Gold Rush",
"en:Klondike Gold Rush"
],
"word": "sourdough"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-24 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (82c8ff9 and f4967a5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.