See serfdom in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
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"2": "serf",
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"etymology_text": "From serf + -dom.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "serfdoms",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": "s"
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"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
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{
"_dis": "65 35",
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"name": "Slavery",
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"glosses": [
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],
"id": "en-serfdom-en-noun-C8ntGn8R",
"links": [
[
"serf",
"serf"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable",
"usually"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "85 15",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "state of being a serf",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "servitud"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 15",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "state of being a serf",
"word": "農奴身份"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 15",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "nóngnú shēnfen",
"sense": "state of being a serf",
"word": "农奴身份"
},
{
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"code": "da",
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"sense": "state of being a serf",
"tags": [
"neuter"
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},
{
"_dis1": "85 15",
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"sense": "state of being a serf",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
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},
{
"_dis1": "85 15",
"code": "et",
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"sense": "state of being a serf",
"word": "pärisorjus"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 15",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "state of being a serf",
"word": "maaorjuus"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 15",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "state of being a serf",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "servage"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 15",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "state of being a serf",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Leibeigenschaft"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 15",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "state of being a serf",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Eigenbehörigkeit"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 15",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "state of being a serf",
"word": "jobbágyság"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 15",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "state of being a serf",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "seirfeachas"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 15",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "state of being a serf",
"tags": [
"familiar",
"feminine"
],
"word": "daoirse"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 15",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "state of being a serf",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "servitù"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 15",
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "state of being a serf",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "baudžiava"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 15",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "state of being a serf",
"word": "rōpātanga"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 15",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "state of being a serf",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pańszczyzna"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 15",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "state of being a serf",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "servidão"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 15",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "krepostníčestvo",
"sense": "state of being a serf",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "крепостни́чество"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 15",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "rábstvo",
"sense": "state of being a serf",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ра́бство"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 15",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "nevólja",
"sense": "state of being a serf",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "нево́ля"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 15",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "state of being a serf",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "servidumbre"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 15",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "state of being a serf",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "livegenskap"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 15",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "state of being a serf",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "träldom"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 15",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "kripactvo",
"sense": "state of being a serf",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "кріпацтво"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 15",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "kripaččyna",
"sense": "state of being a serf",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "кріпаччина"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 15",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "state of being a serf",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "taeogaeth"
}
]
},
{
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],
"glosses": [
"The feudal system that includes serfs."
],
"id": "en-serfdom-en-noun-KeU4lRR3",
"links": [
[
"feudal",
"feudal"
],
[
"serf",
"serf"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable",
"usually"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "19 81",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "krepostničestvo",
"sense": "feudal system",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "крепостничество"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 81",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "feudal system",
"word": "農奴制"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 81",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "nóngnúzhì",
"sense": "feudal system",
"word": "农奴制"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 81",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "feudal system",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "nevolnictví"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 81",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "feudal system",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "livegenskab"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 81",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "feudal system",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "horigheid"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 81",
"code": "myv",
"lang": "Erzya",
"roman": "modaŕeči",
"sense": "feudal system",
"word": "модаречи"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 81",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "feudal system",
"word": "pärisorjus"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 81",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "feudal system",
"word": "maaorjuus"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 81",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "feudal system",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "servage"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 81",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "feudal system",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Leibeigenschaft"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 81",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "feudal system",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Eigenbehörigkeit"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 81",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "feudal system",
"word": "jobbágyság"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 81",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "feudal system",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "seirfeachas"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 81",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "feudal system",
"tags": [
"familiar",
"feminine"
],
"word": "daoirse"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 81",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "feudal system",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "servitù della gleba"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 81",
"alt": "のうどせい",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "nōdosei",
"sense": "feudal system",
"word": "農奴制"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 81",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "feudal system",
"word": "livegenskap"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 81",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "feudal system",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "servidão"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 81",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "krepostnóje právo",
"sense": "feudal system",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "крепостно́е пра́во"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 81",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "feudal system",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"neuter"
],
"word": "кмѐтство"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 81",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "feudal system",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"neuter"
],
"word": "kmètstvo"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 81",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "feudal system",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "servidumbre"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 81",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "feudal system",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "livegenskap"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 81",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "kriposne pravo",
"sense": "feudal system",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "кріпосне право"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 81",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "kripactvo",
"sense": "feudal system",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "кріпацтво"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 81",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "kripaččyna",
"sense": "feudal system",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "кріпаччина"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɜːfdəm/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɚfdəm/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
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},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)fdəm"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "serfage"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "serfhood"
}
],
"word": "serfdom"
}
{
"categories": [
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"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms suffixed with -dom",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Entries with translation boxes",
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"Terms with Swedish translations",
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"en:Slavery"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "serf",
"3": "dom"
},
"expansion": "serf + -dom",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From serf + -dom.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "serfdoms",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-",
"2": "s"
},
"expansion": "serfdom (usually uncountable, plural serfdoms)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "servitude"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"The state of being a serf."
],
"links": [
[
"serf",
"serf"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable",
"usually"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The feudal system that includes serfs."
],
"links": [
[
"feudal",
"feudal"
],
[
"serf",
"serf"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable",
"usually"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɜːfdəm/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɚfdəm/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-serfdom.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c8/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-serfdom.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-serfdom.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c8/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-serfdom.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-serfdom.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)fdəm"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "serfage"
},
{
"word": "serfhood"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "state of being a serf",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "servitud"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "state of being a serf",
"word": "農奴身份"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "nóngnú shēnfen",
"sense": "state of being a serf",
"word": "农奴身份"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "state of being a serf",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "livegenskab"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "state of being a serf",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lijfeigenschap"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "state of being a serf",
"word": "pärisorjus"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "state of being a serf",
"word": "maaorjuus"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "state of being a serf",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "servage"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "state of being a serf",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Leibeigenschaft"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "state of being a serf",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Eigenbehörigkeit"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "state of being a serf",
"word": "jobbágyság"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "state of being a serf",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "seirfeachas"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "state of being a serf",
"tags": [
"familiar",
"feminine"
],
"word": "daoirse"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "state of being a serf",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "servitù"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "state of being a serf",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "baudžiava"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "state of being a serf",
"word": "rōpātanga"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "state of being a serf",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pańszczyzna"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "state of being a serf",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "servidão"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "krepostníčestvo",
"sense": "state of being a serf",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "крепостни́чество"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "rábstvo",
"sense": "state of being a serf",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ра́бство"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "nevólja",
"sense": "state of being a serf",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "нево́ля"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "state of being a serf",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "servidumbre"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "state of being a serf",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "livegenskap"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "state of being a serf",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "träldom"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "kripactvo",
"sense": "state of being a serf",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "кріпацтво"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "kripaččyna",
"sense": "state of being a serf",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "кріпаччина"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "state of being a serf",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "taeogaeth"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "krepostničestvo",
"sense": "feudal system",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "крепостничество"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "feudal system",
"word": "農奴制"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "nóngnúzhì",
"sense": "feudal system",
"word": "农奴制"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "feudal system",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "nevolnictví"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "feudal system",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "livegenskab"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "feudal system",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "horigheid"
},
{
"code": "myv",
"lang": "Erzya",
"roman": "modaŕeči",
"sense": "feudal system",
"word": "модаречи"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "feudal system",
"word": "pärisorjus"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "feudal system",
"word": "maaorjuus"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "feudal system",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "servage"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "feudal system",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Leibeigenschaft"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "feudal system",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Eigenbehörigkeit"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "feudal system",
"word": "jobbágyság"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "feudal system",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "seirfeachas"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "feudal system",
"tags": [
"familiar",
"feminine"
],
"word": "daoirse"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "feudal system",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "servitù della gleba"
},
{
"alt": "のうどせい",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "nōdosei",
"sense": "feudal system",
"word": "農奴制"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "feudal system",
"word": "livegenskap"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "feudal system",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "servidão"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "krepostnóje právo",
"sense": "feudal system",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "крепостно́е пра́во"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "feudal system",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"neuter"
],
"word": "кмѐтство"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "feudal system",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"neuter"
],
"word": "kmètstvo"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "feudal system",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "servidumbre"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "feudal system",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "livegenskap"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "kriposne pravo",
"sense": "feudal system",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "кріпосне право"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "kripactvo",
"sense": "feudal system",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "кріпацтво"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "kripaččyna",
"sense": "feudal system",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "кріпаччина"
}
],
"word": "serfdom"
}
Download raw JSONL data for serfdom meaning in English (8.6kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.