"scalper" meaning in English

See scalper in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

Forms: scalpers [plural]
Etymology: From scalp + -er. Etymology templates: {{suffix|en|scalp|er}} scalp + -er Head templates: {{en-noun}} scalper (plural scalpers)
  1. One who scalps, or removes the scalp of another.
    Sense id: en-scalper-en-noun-xLqR3pPk Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, English terms suffixed with -er, Pages with entries Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 12 29 11 3 30 3 13 Disambiguation of English terms suffixed with -er: 14 24 13 6 23 7 13 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 16 24 14 2 29 1 13
  2. (US, Canada) One who scalps tickets to popular entertainment events: buying them in advance and then selling them (e.g. online or just outside the venue of the event), often at inflated prices. Tags: Canada, US Synonyms: ticket tout [UK] Translations (one who resells items at inflated prices): trokari (Finnish), revendón [masculine] (Spanish)
    Sense id: en-scalper-en-noun-Z8Zh~2X~ Categories (other): American English, Canadian English, English entries with incorrect language header, English terms suffixed with -er, Pages with entries Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 12 29 11 3 30 3 13 Disambiguation of English terms suffixed with -er: 14 24 13 6 23 7 13 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 16 24 14 2 29 1 13 Disambiguation of 'one who resells items at inflated prices': 18 32 20 10 15 1 4
  3. (by extension) One who scalps any other item with limited availability. Tags: broadly
    Sense id: en-scalper-en-noun-czuF52Ui Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, English terms suffixed with -er, Pages with entries Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 12 29 11 3 30 3 13 Disambiguation of English terms suffixed with -er: 14 24 13 6 23 7 13 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 16 24 14 2 29 1 13
  4. (gambling) A gambler who scalps. Categories (topical): Gambling, People
    Sense id: en-scalper-en-noun-p-1ZZ1SK Disambiguation of People: 19 12 14 32 22 0 0 Topics: gambling, games
  5. (finance) A person on an open outcry exchange trading floor who buys and sells rapidly for his or her own account, aiming to buy from a seller and a little later sell to a buyer, making a small profit from the difference (roughly the amount of the bid/offer spread, or less). Categories (topical): Finance, Occupations
    Sense id: en-scalper-en-noun-khnqm6dm Disambiguation of Occupations: 18 16 15 12 29 1 9 Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, English terms suffixed with -er, Entries with translation boxes, Pages with 2 entries, Pages with entries, Terms with Czech translations, Terms with Dutch translations, Terms with Finnish translations, Terms with French translations, Terms with German translations, Terms with Hungarian translations, Terms with Indonesian translations, Terms with Italian translations, Terms with Japanese translations, Terms with Korean translations, Terms with Latin translations, Terms with Macedonian translations, Terms with Malay translations, Terms with Mandarin translations, Terms with Polish translations, Terms with Portuguese translations, Terms with Romanian translations, Terms with Russian translations, Terms with Spanish translations, Terms with Swedish translations, Terms with Tatar translations Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 12 29 11 3 30 3 13 Disambiguation of English terms suffixed with -er: 14 24 13 6 23 7 13 Disambiguation of Entries with translation boxes: 12 15 10 3 39 2 18 Disambiguation of Pages with 2 entries: 16 22 14 3 28 2 14 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 16 24 14 2 29 1 13 Disambiguation of Terms with Czech translations: 15 17 12 7 33 2 14 Disambiguation of Terms with Dutch translations: 17 15 14 5 30 3 16 Disambiguation of Terms with Finnish translations: 15 17 13 6 31 2 15 Disambiguation of Terms with French translations: 16 15 13 4 30 4 17 Disambiguation of Terms with German translations: 16 16 14 3 31 3 17 Disambiguation of Terms with Hungarian translations: 14 17 12 7 32 2 16 Disambiguation of Terms with Indonesian translations: 15 16 13 7 33 2 14 Disambiguation of Terms with Italian translations: 17 16 14 3 32 2 16 Disambiguation of Terms with Japanese translations: 17 16 14 3 32 2 16 Disambiguation of Terms with Korean translations: 16 19 13 6 29 3 14 Disambiguation of Terms with Latin translations: 17 16 14 3 32 2 16 Disambiguation of Terms with Macedonian translations: 15 16 13 7 33 2 14 Disambiguation of Terms with Malay translations: 15 17 13 7 33 2 14 Disambiguation of Terms with Mandarin translations: 15 21 12 3 29 3 18 Disambiguation of Terms with Polish translations: 16 17 12 6 30 3 15 Disambiguation of Terms with Portuguese translations: 14 18 12 7 33 2 14 Disambiguation of Terms with Romanian translations: 16 18 13 6 29 3 14 Disambiguation of Terms with Russian translations: 16 15 14 3 31 2 18 Disambiguation of Terms with Spanish translations: 16 16 14 3 33 2 15 Disambiguation of Terms with Swedish translations: 16 19 13 6 30 2 14 Disambiguation of Terms with Tatar translations: 15 17 13 7 33 2 14 Topics: business, finance
  6. A machine for removing the ends of grain, such as wheat or rye, or for separating the different grades of broken wheat, semolina, etc.
    Sense id: en-scalper-en-noun-NYvYCPZE
  7. A surgical instrument for scraping carious bones. Synonyms: scalping-iron
    Sense id: en-scalper-en-noun-0j9iL9E8 Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, English terms suffixed with -er, Pages with entries Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 12 29 11 3 30 3 13 Disambiguation of English terms suffixed with -er: 14 24 13 6 23 7 13 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 16 24 14 2 29 1 13
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Translations (one who sells tickets unofficially): 黄牛 (huángniú) (Chinese Mandarin), 票販子 (Chinese Mandarin), 票贩子 (piàofànzi) (Chinese Mandarin), překupník [masculine] (Czech), jobbari (Finnish), lipputrokari (Finnish), trokari (Finnish), vendeur à la sauvette [masculine] (French), Kartenschwarzhändler [masculine] (German), jegyüzér (Hungarian), calo (Indonesian), bagarino [masculine] (Italian), ダフ屋 (dafu-ya) (Japanese), 암표상 (ampyosang) (alt: 暗票商) (Korean), locārius [masculine] (Latin), шиткач (šitkač) [masculine] (Macedonian), ulat tiket (Malay), konik [masculine] (Polish), cambista [feminine, masculine] (Portuguese), bișnițar [masculine] (Romanian), bișnițară [feminine] (Romanian), спекуля́нт театра́льными биле́тами (spekuljánt teatrálʹnymi bilétami) [masculine] (Russian), спекуля́нт (spekuljánt) [masculine] (Russian), revendedor [masculine] (Spanish), revendedora [feminine] (Spanish), skalperare (Swedish), alıpsatar (Tatar)
Disambiguation of 'one who sells tickets unofficially': 19 24 20 10 21 1 4

Inflected forms

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          "ref": "2023 December 6, Sam Lansky, “Person of Year 2023 : Taylor Swift”, in Time:",
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        "(gambling) A gambler who scalps."
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        "(finance) A person on an open outcry exchange trading floor who buys and sells rapidly for his or her own account, aiming to buy from a seller and a little later sell to a buyer, making a small profit from the difference (roughly the amount of the bid/offer spread, or less)."
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    {
      "_dis1": "19 24 20 10 21 1 4",
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "huángniú",
      "sense": "one who sells tickets unofficially",
      "word": "黄牛"
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      "code": "cmn",
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      "sense": "one who sells tickets unofficially",
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      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "piàofànzi",
      "sense": "one who sells tickets unofficially",
      "word": "票贩子"
    },
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      "code": "cs",
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      "sense": "one who sells tickets unofficially",
      "tags": [
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      ],
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    },
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      "code": "nl",
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      "note": "iemand die toegangskaarten meestal duur doorverkoopt",
      "sense": "one who sells tickets unofficially"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "19 24 20 10 21 1 4",
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "one who sells tickets unofficially",
      "word": "jobbari"
    },
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      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "one who sells tickets unofficially",
      "word": "lipputrokari"
    },
    {
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      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "one who sells tickets unofficially",
      "word": "trokari"
    },
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      "code": "fr",
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      "sense": "one who sells tickets unofficially",
      "tags": [
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      "word": "vendeur à la sauvette"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "19 24 20 10 21 1 4",
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "one who sells tickets unofficially",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Kartenschwarzhändler"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "19 24 20 10 21 1 4",
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "one who sells tickets unofficially",
      "word": "jegyüzér"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "19 24 20 10 21 1 4",
      "code": "id",
      "lang": "Indonesian",
      "sense": "one who sells tickets unofficially",
      "word": "calo"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "19 24 20 10 21 1 4",
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "one who sells tickets unofficially",
      "tags": [
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      "word": "bagarino"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "19 24 20 10 21 1 4",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "dafu-ya",
      "sense": "one who sells tickets unofficially",
      "word": "ダフ屋"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "19 24 20 10 21 1 4",
      "alt": "暗票商",
      "code": "ko",
      "lang": "Korean",
      "roman": "ampyosang",
      "sense": "one who sells tickets unofficially",
      "word": "암표상"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "19 24 20 10 21 1 4",
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "one who sells tickets unofficially",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "locārius"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "19 24 20 10 21 1 4",
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "šitkač",
      "sense": "one who sells tickets unofficially",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "шиткач"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "19 24 20 10 21 1 4",
      "code": "ms",
      "lang": "Malay",
      "sense": "one who sells tickets unofficially",
      "word": "ulat tiket"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "19 24 20 10 21 1 4",
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "one who sells tickets unofficially",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "konik"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "19 24 20 10 21 1 4",
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "one who sells tickets unofficially",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "cambista"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "19 24 20 10 21 1 4",
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "one who sells tickets unofficially",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "bișnițar"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "19 24 20 10 21 1 4",
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "one who sells tickets unofficially",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "bișnițară"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "19 24 20 10 21 1 4",
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "spekuljánt teatrálʹnymi bilétami",
      "sense": "one who sells tickets unofficially",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "спекуля́нт театра́льными биле́тами"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "19 24 20 10 21 1 4",
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "spekuljánt",
      "sense": "one who sells tickets unofficially",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "спекуля́нт"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "19 24 20 10 21 1 4",
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "one who sells tickets unofficially",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "revendedor"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "19 24 20 10 21 1 4",
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "one who sells tickets unofficially",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "revendedora"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "19 24 20 10 21 1 4",
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "one who sells tickets unofficially",
      "word": "skalperare"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "19 24 20 10 21 1 4",
      "code": "tt",
      "lang": "Tatar",
      "sense": "one who sells tickets unofficially",
      "word": "alıpsatar"
    }
  ],
  "word": "scalper"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms suffixed with -er",
    "Entries with translation boxes",
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Terms with Czech translations",
    "Terms with Dutch translations",
    "Terms with Finnish translations",
    "Terms with French translations",
    "Terms with German translations",
    "Terms with Hungarian translations",
    "Terms with Indonesian translations",
    "Terms with Italian translations",
    "Terms with Japanese translations",
    "Terms with Korean translations",
    "Terms with Latin translations",
    "Terms with Macedonian translations",
    "Terms with Malay translations",
    "Terms with Mandarin translations",
    "Terms with Polish translations",
    "Terms with Portuguese translations",
    "Terms with Romanian translations",
    "Terms with Russian translations",
    "Terms with Spanish translations",
    "Terms with Swedish translations",
    "Terms with Tatar translations",
    "en:Occupations",
    "en:People"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "scalp",
        "3": "er"
      },
      "expansion": "scalp + -er",
      "name": "suffix"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From scalp + -er.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "scalpers",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "scalper (plural scalpers)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations",
        "Quotation templates to be cleaned"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "2013, M. Elise Marubbio, Eric L. Buffalohead, Native Americans on Film: Conversations, Teaching, and Theory:",
          "text": "Denouncing representations of hostile Indians as vicious scalpers of innocent settlers […]",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "One who scalps, or removes the scalp of another."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "scalp",
          "scalp"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "American English",
        "Canadian English",
        "English terms with quotations",
        "English terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "We could see three different scalpers moving through the crowd outside the arena, each muttering the characteristic refrain: “Need any tickets?”",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2023 December 6, Sam Lansky, “Person of Year 2023 : Taylor Swift”, in Time:",
          "text": "Although 4.1 million tickets were sold for the 2023 shows—including over 2 million on the first day, a new record—scalpers jacked up prices on the secondary market to more than $22,000.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "One who scalps tickets to popular entertainment events: buying them in advance and then selling them (e.g. online or just outside the venue of the event), often at inflated prices."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "scalp",
          "scalp"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(US, Canada) One who scalps tickets to popular entertainment events: buying them in advance and then selling them (e.g. online or just outside the venue of the event), often at inflated prices."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "tags": [
            "UK"
          ],
          "word": "ticket tout"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Canada",
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "One who scalps any other item with limited availability."
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(by extension) One who scalps any other item with limited availability."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "broadly"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations",
        "Quotation templates to be cleaned",
        "en:Gambling"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1961, John Scarne, Complete Guide to Gambling, page 102:",
          "text": "The only sure thing about scalping the Series today is that the scalper is paying the bookie a greater profit because he is making a greater number of bets.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A gambler who scalps."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "gambling",
          "gambling#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "gambler",
          "gambler"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(gambling) A gambler who scalps."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "gambling",
        "games"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "en:Finance"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A person on an open outcry exchange trading floor who buys and sells rapidly for his or her own account, aiming to buy from a seller and a little later sell to a buyer, making a small profit from the difference (roughly the amount of the bid/offer spread, or less)."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "finance",
          "finance#Noun"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(finance) A person on an open outcry exchange trading floor who buys and sells rapidly for his or her own account, aiming to buy from a seller and a little later sell to a buyer, making a small profit from the difference (roughly the amount of the bid/offer spread, or less)."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "business",
        "finance"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A machine for removing the ends of grain, such as wheat or rye, or for separating the different grades of broken wheat, semolina, etc."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "grain",
          "grain"
        ],
        [
          "wheat",
          "wheat"
        ],
        [
          "rye",
          "rye"
        ],
        [
          "semolina",
          "semolina"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A surgical instrument for scraping carious bones."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "carious",
          "carious"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "scalping-iron"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "huángniú",
      "sense": "one who sells tickets unofficially",
      "word": "黄牛"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "one who sells tickets unofficially",
      "word": "票販子"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "piàofànzi",
      "sense": "one who sells tickets unofficially",
      "word": "票贩子"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "one who sells tickets unofficially",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "překupník"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "note": "iemand die toegangskaarten meestal duur doorverkoopt",
      "sense": "one who sells tickets unofficially"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "one who sells tickets unofficially",
      "word": "jobbari"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "one who sells tickets unofficially",
      "word": "lipputrokari"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "one who sells tickets unofficially",
      "word": "trokari"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "one who sells tickets unofficially",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "vendeur à la sauvette"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "one who sells tickets unofficially",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Kartenschwarzhändler"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "one who sells tickets unofficially",
      "word": "jegyüzér"
    },
    {
      "code": "id",
      "lang": "Indonesian",
      "sense": "one who sells tickets unofficially",
      "word": "calo"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "one who sells tickets unofficially",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "bagarino"
    },
    {
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "dafu-ya",
      "sense": "one who sells tickets unofficially",
      "word": "ダフ屋"
    },
    {
      "alt": "暗票商",
      "code": "ko",
      "lang": "Korean",
      "roman": "ampyosang",
      "sense": "one who sells tickets unofficially",
      "word": "암표상"
    },
    {
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "one who sells tickets unofficially",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "locārius"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "šitkač",
      "sense": "one who sells tickets unofficially",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "шиткач"
    },
    {
      "code": "ms",
      "lang": "Malay",
      "sense": "one who sells tickets unofficially",
      "word": "ulat tiket"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "one who sells tickets unofficially",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "konik"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "one who sells tickets unofficially",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "cambista"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "one who sells tickets unofficially",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "bișnițar"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "one who sells tickets unofficially",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "bișnițară"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "spekuljánt teatrálʹnymi bilétami",
      "sense": "one who sells tickets unofficially",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "спекуля́нт театра́льными биле́тами"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "spekuljánt",
      "sense": "one who sells tickets unofficially",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "спекуля́нт"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "one who sells tickets unofficially",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "revendedor"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "one who sells tickets unofficially",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "revendedora"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "one who sells tickets unofficially",
      "word": "skalperare"
    },
    {
      "code": "tt",
      "lang": "Tatar",
      "sense": "one who sells tickets unofficially",
      "word": "alıpsatar"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "one who resells items at inflated prices",
      "word": "trokari"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "one who resells items at inflated prices",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "revendón"
    }
  ],
  "word": "scalper"
}

Download raw JSONL data for scalper meaning in English (8.5kB)

{
  "called_from": "translations/609-20230504",
  "msg": "Translation too long compared to word, so it is skipped",
  "path": [
    "scalper"
  ],
  "section": "English",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "scalper",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.