"run in" meaning in English

See run in in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

Forms: more run in [comparative], most run in [superlative]
Head templates: {{en-adj|-|more|sup=most run in}} run in (not generally comparable, comparative more run in, superlative most run in)
  1. Alternative form of run-in (adj) (styled open when in predicative position)
    (participial adjective; editing, typography) (not comparable) Having been run in before or behind previous text.
    Tags: adjective, error-misspelling, not-comparable, participle, usually Categories (topical): Typography
    Sense id: en-run_in-en-adj-aQ7ZUjcL Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, English phrasal verbs with particle (in) Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 15 8 17 5 7 9 8 8 2 21 Disambiguation of English phrasal verbs with particle (in): 16 10 17 4 7 8 5 8 4 20 Topics: communications, editing, journalism, literature, media, publishing, typography, writing
  2. Alternative form of run-in (adj) (styled open when in predicative position)
    (participial adjective; mechanical, engineering) (sometimes comparable) Having been run in to seat the parts.
    Tags: adjective, error-misspelling, not-comparable, participle, usually Categories (topical): Engineering Synonyms: broken in
    Sense id: en-run_in-en-adj-5JZ-Ot9c Topics: engineering, mechanical, mechanical-engineering, natural-sciences, physical-sciences

Noun

Forms: run ins [plural]
Head templates: {{en-noun}} run in (plural run ins)
  1. Alternative spelling of run-in (omitting the hyphens from nouns of this type is nonstandard in formal publications but widely seen in unedited writing) Tags: alt-of, alternative Alternative form of: run-in (extra: omitting the hyphens from nouns of this type is nonstandard in formal publications but widely seen in unedited writing)
    Sense id: en-run_in-en-noun-jYd~X-tz Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, English phrasal verbs with particle (in) Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 15 8 17 5 7 9 8 8 2 21 Disambiguation of English phrasal verbs with particle (in): 16 10 17 4 7 8 5 8 4 20

Verb

Forms: runs in [present, singular, third-person], running in [participle, present], ran in [past], run in [participle, past]
Head templates: {{en-verb|run<,,ran,run> in}} run in (third-person singular simple present runs in, present participle running in, simple past ran in, past participle run in)
  1. (transitive, informal, chiefly passive voice) To arrest; (especially) to track down and arrest. Tags: informal, transitive
    Sense id: en-run_in-en-verb-en:arrest_or_especially_track_down_and_arrest Categories (other): English links with manual fragments
  2. (transitive, British) To use new machinery at less than full speed, preventing damage. Tags: British, transitive Synonyms: break in
    Sense id: en-run_in-en-verb-sCciRo0y Categories (other): British English
  3. (figuratively) To start a new regime slowly. Tags: figuratively Synonyms: phase in
    Sense id: en-run_in-en-verb-n~Lz7tc9
  4. (rugby) To score (a try). Categories (topical): Rugby
    Sense id: en-run_in-en-verb-udmJVnyS Topics: ball-games, games, hobbies, lifestyle, rugby, sports
  5. (typography, printing) To insert (a word, etc.) without making a line break or new paragraph (so that it is not free-hanging). Categories (topical): Printing, Typography
    Sense id: en-run_in-en-verb-sqLTRTPk Topics: media, printing, publishing, typography
  6. (printing) To alter the position of matter to fill vacant space. Categories (topical): Printing
    Sense id: en-run_in-en-verb-~Ifksd2f Topics: media, printing, publishing
  7. simple past and past participle of run in Tags: form-of, participle, past Form of: run in
    Sense id: en-run_in-en-verb-DwaEcC1V Categories (other): Forms linking to themselves, English entries with incorrect language header, English phrasal verbs with particle (in) Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 15 8 17 5 7 9 8 8 2 21 Disambiguation of English phrasal verbs with particle (in): 16 10 17 4 7 8 5 8 4 20

Inflected forms

Download JSON data for run in meaning in English (12.1kB)

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "more run in",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "most run in",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-",
        "2": "more",
        "sup": "most run in"
      },
      "expansion": "run in (not generally comparable, comparative more run in, superlative most run in)",
      "name": "en-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "free-hanging"
        }
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      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Typography",
          "orig": "en:Typography",
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            "Writing",
            "Industries",
            "Human behaviour",
            "Language",
            "Business",
            "Human",
            "Communication",
            "Economics",
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Social sciences",
            "Fundamental",
            "Sciences"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "15 8 17 5 7 9 8 8 2 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "16 10 17 4 7 8 5 8 4 20",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English phrasal verbs with particle (in)",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "These headings are run in because a free-hanging style would just be a waste of column inches.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1956, Daniel Melcher, Nancy Larrick, Printing and Promotion Handbook",
          "text": "One of the best headings for saving space is the heading that is run in.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1976, American Institute of Physics, Editorial Handbook, page 17",
          "text": "Third subheadings begin paragraphs (are indented and run in).",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1985 April 16, Charles Anderson, “The Ins and Outs of Indexing”, in PC Mag, volume 4, number 8, page 322",
          "text": "You can select how far you want subentries indented, how many lines between each entry and alphabetical block, and whether you want the final index indented (each sub- and sub-subheading indented under its parent) or run in (subheadings in paragraph form under the main heading).",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1987, Rachel Morgan, Henry McGilton, Introducing UNIX System V, page 333",
          "text": "Heading levels 3 through 7 are run in headings — the text that follows the heading appears on the same line as the heading.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2019, Editorial staff, “Guide to Authors”, in Nagoya Journal of Medical Science, archived from the original on 2021-12-23",
          "text": "Secondary headings are flush left, in regular type, and capitalized headline style. Tertiary headings are run in at the beginning of a paragraph, in bold type, capitalized sentence style, and followed by a period.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Alternative form of run-in (adj) (styled open when in predicative position)",
        "(not comparable) Having been run in before or behind previous text."
      ],
      "id": "en-run_in-en-adj-aQ7ZUjcL",
      "links": [
        [
          "run-in",
          "run-in#English"
        ],
        [
          "predicative",
          "predicative"
        ],
        [
          "participial adjective",
          "participial adjective"
        ],
        [
          "typography",
          "typography"
        ],
        [
          "comparable",
          "comparable#English:_grammar"
        ],
        [
          "run in",
          "#Verb"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "Alternative form of run-in (adj) (styled open when in predicative position)",
        "(participial adjective; editing, typography) (not comparable) Having been run in before or behind previous text."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "adjective",
        "error-misspelling",
        "not-comparable",
        "participle",
        "usually"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "communications",
        "editing",
        "journalism",
        "literature",
        "media",
        "publishing",
        "typography",
        "writing"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Engineering",
          "orig": "en:Engineering",
          "parents": [
            "Applied sciences",
            "Technology",
            "Sciences",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1978, European Conference of Ministers of Transport, International Symposium on Theory and Practice in Transport Economics The Contribution of Economic Research to Transport Policy Decisions, page 64",
          "text": "Behaviour patterns now thoroughly \"run in\", and financial stringencies, appear to impose sharp limits on the prospects of success here.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1978, John E. Bingham, Garth W.P. Davies, A Handbook of Systems Analysis, page 35",
          "text": "In addition to the above, the systems analyst should go on shift with the users for the first few days or longer until the system is thoroughly run in.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1993 December, T.S., “Long-Term Test cars”, in Popular Mechanics, volume 170, number 12, page 112",
          "text": "Now that the engine is thoroughly run in, our overall fuel economy is creeping toward the high 22-mpg range.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2012, Victor W. Page, Early Motorcycles: Construction, Operation and Repair, page 487",
          "text": "Under no circumstances run a new motor at high speed until it has covered several hundred miles and is thoroughly “run in.”",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "text": "The engine should be well run in before its heavy working life begins.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Alternative form of run-in (adj) (styled open when in predicative position)",
        "(sometimes comparable) Having been run in to seat the parts."
      ],
      "id": "en-run_in-en-adj-5JZ-Ot9c",
      "links": [
        [
          "run-in",
          "run-in#English"
        ],
        [
          "predicative",
          "predicative"
        ],
        [
          "participial adjective",
          "participial adjective"
        ],
        [
          "engineering",
          "engineering#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "comparable",
          "comparable#English:_grammar"
        ],
        [
          "run in",
          "#Verb"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "Alternative form of run-in (adj) (styled open when in predicative position)",
        "(participial adjective; mechanical, engineering) (sometimes comparable) Having been run in to seat the parts."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "broken in"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "adjective",
        "error-misspelling",
        "not-comparable",
        "participle",
        "usually"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "engineering",
        "mechanical",
        "mechanical-engineering",
        "natural-sciences",
        "physical-sciences"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "run in"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "run ins",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "run in (plural run ins)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "omitting the hyphens from nouns of this type is nonstandard in formal publications but widely seen in unedited writing",
          "word": "run-in"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "15 8 17 5 7 9 8 8 2 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "16 10 17 4 7 8 5 8 4 20",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English phrasal verbs with particle (in)",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Alternative spelling of run-in (omitting the hyphens from nouns of this type is nonstandard in formal publications but widely seen in unedited writing)"
      ],
      "id": "en-run_in-en-noun-jYd~X-tz",
      "links": [
        [
          "run-in",
          "run-in#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "run in"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "runs in",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "running in",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ran in",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "run in",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
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    }
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  "head_templates": [
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      "args": {
        "1": "run<,,ran,run> in"
      },
      "expansion": "run in (third-person singular simple present runs in, present participle running in, simple past ran in, past participle run in)",
      "name": "en-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English links with manual fragments",
          "parents": [
            "Links with manual fragments",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "Coordinate term: run down"
        },
        {
          "text": "The guys who robbed the bank last week have finally been run in.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To arrest; (especially) to track down and arrest."
      ],
      "id": "en-run_in-en-verb-en:arrest_or_especially_track_down_and_arrest",
      "links": [
        [
          "arrest",
          "arrest"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "chiefly passive voice",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive, informal, chiefly passive voice) To arrest; (especially) to track down and arrest."
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "en:arrest or especially track down and arrest"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "British English",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "I have to drive slowly for the first 1,000 miles to run the engine in.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1959 February, A. G. Dunbar, “The \"Dunalastair I\" 4-4-0s of the Caledonian”, in Trains Illustrated, page 87",
          "text": "It was run in by Ranochan of Polmadie on the forenoon slow to Carlisle and the afternoon slow back to the North.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To use new machinery at less than full speed, preventing damage."
      ],
      "id": "en-run_in-en-verb-sCciRo0y",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive, British) To use new machinery at less than full speed, preventing damage."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "break in"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "British",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To start a new regime slowly."
      ],
      "id": "en-run_in-en-verb-n~Lz7tc9",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(figuratively) To start a new regime slowly."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "phase in"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Rugby",
          "orig": "en:Rugby",
          "parents": [
            "Ball games",
            "Sports",
            "Human activity",
            "Human behaviour",
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "2011 September 16, Ben Dirs, “Rugby World Cup 2011: New Zealand 83-7 Japan”, in BBC Sport",
          "text": "Toeava went over unopposed to stretch his side's lead but Japan got on the scoreboard on 56 minutes, wing Hirotoki Onozawa intercepting an attempted offload from Slade, who had a rather flaky game, and running in from the All Blacks' 10m line.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To score (a try)."
      ],
      "id": "en-run_in-en-verb-udmJVnyS",
      "links": [
        [
          "rugby",
          "rugby"
        ],
        [
          "score",
          "score"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(rugby) To score (a try)."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "ball-games",
        "games",
        "hobbies",
        "lifestyle",
        "rugby",
        "sports"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Printing",
          "orig": "en:Printing",
          "parents": [
            "Industries",
            "Business",
            "Economics",
            "Society",
            "Social sciences",
            "All topics",
            "Sciences",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Typography",
          "orig": "en:Typography",
          "parents": [
            "Printing",
            "Writing",
            "Industries",
            "Human behaviour",
            "Language",
            "Business",
            "Human",
            "Communication",
            "Economics",
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Social sciences",
            "Fundamental",
            "Sciences"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "With these subsections, it is better to run their headings in.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To insert (a word, etc.) without making a line break or new paragraph (so that it is not free-hanging)."
      ],
      "id": "en-run_in-en-verb-sqLTRTPk",
      "links": [
        [
          "typography",
          "typography"
        ],
        [
          "printing",
          "printing#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "insert",
          "insert"
        ],
        [
          "line break",
          "line break"
        ],
        [
          "paragraph",
          "paragraph"
        ],
        [
          "free-hanging",
          "free-hanging"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(typography, printing) To insert (a word, etc.) without making a line break or new paragraph (so that it is not free-hanging)."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "media",
        "printing",
        "publishing",
        "typography"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Printing",
          "orig": "en:Printing",
          "parents": [
            "Industries",
            "Business",
            "Economics",
            "Society",
            "Social sciences",
            "All topics",
            "Sciences",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To alter the position of matter to fill vacant space."
      ],
      "id": "en-run_in-en-verb-~Ifksd2f",
      "links": [
        [
          "printing",
          "printing#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "matter",
          "matter"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(printing) To alter the position of matter to fill vacant space."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "media",
        "printing",
        "publishing"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Forms linking to themselves",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "15 8 17 5 7 9 8 8 2 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "16 10 17 4 7 8 5 8 4 20",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English phrasal verbs with particle (in)",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "run in"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "simple past and past participle of run in"
      ],
      "id": "en-run_in-en-verb-DwaEcC1V",
      "links": [
        [
          "run in",
          "run in#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "run in"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "English adjectives",
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English multiword terms",
    "English nouns",
    "English phrasal verbs",
    "English phrasal verbs with particle (in)",
    "English verbs"
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "more run in",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "most run in",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-",
        "2": "more",
        "sup": "most run in"
      },
      "expansion": "run in (not generally comparable, comparative more run in, superlative most run in)",
      "name": "en-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "free-hanging"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations",
        "English terms with usage examples",
        "en:Typography"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "These headings are run in because a free-hanging style would just be a waste of column inches.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1956, Daniel Melcher, Nancy Larrick, Printing and Promotion Handbook",
          "text": "One of the best headings for saving space is the heading that is run in.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1976, American Institute of Physics, Editorial Handbook, page 17",
          "text": "Third subheadings begin paragraphs (are indented and run in).",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1985 April 16, Charles Anderson, “The Ins and Outs of Indexing”, in PC Mag, volume 4, number 8, page 322",
          "text": "You can select how far you want subentries indented, how many lines between each entry and alphabetical block, and whether you want the final index indented (each sub- and sub-subheading indented under its parent) or run in (subheadings in paragraph form under the main heading).",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1987, Rachel Morgan, Henry McGilton, Introducing UNIX System V, page 333",
          "text": "Heading levels 3 through 7 are run in headings — the text that follows the heading appears on the same line as the heading.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2019, Editorial staff, “Guide to Authors”, in Nagoya Journal of Medical Science, archived from the original on 2021-12-23",
          "text": "Secondary headings are flush left, in regular type, and capitalized headline style. Tertiary headings are run in at the beginning of a paragraph, in bold type, capitalized sentence style, and followed by a period.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Alternative form of run-in (adj) (styled open when in predicative position)",
        "(not comparable) Having been run in before or behind previous text."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "run-in",
          "run-in#English"
        ],
        [
          "predicative",
          "predicative"
        ],
        [
          "participial adjective",
          "participial adjective"
        ],
        [
          "typography",
          "typography"
        ],
        [
          "comparable",
          "comparable#English:_grammar"
        ],
        [
          "run in",
          "#Verb"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "Alternative form of run-in (adj) (styled open when in predicative position)",
        "(participial adjective; editing, typography) (not comparable) Having been run in before or behind previous text."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "adjective",
        "error-misspelling",
        "not-comparable",
        "participle",
        "usually"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "communications",
        "editing",
        "journalism",
        "literature",
        "media",
        "publishing",
        "typography",
        "writing"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations",
        "English terms with usage examples",
        "en:Engineering"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1978, European Conference of Ministers of Transport, International Symposium on Theory and Practice in Transport Economics The Contribution of Economic Research to Transport Policy Decisions, page 64",
          "text": "Behaviour patterns now thoroughly \"run in\", and financial stringencies, appear to impose sharp limits on the prospects of success here.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1978, John E. Bingham, Garth W.P. Davies, A Handbook of Systems Analysis, page 35",
          "text": "In addition to the above, the systems analyst should go on shift with the users for the first few days or longer until the system is thoroughly run in.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1993 December, T.S., “Long-Term Test cars”, in Popular Mechanics, volume 170, number 12, page 112",
          "text": "Now that the engine is thoroughly run in, our overall fuel economy is creeping toward the high 22-mpg range.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2012, Victor W. Page, Early Motorcycles: Construction, Operation and Repair, page 487",
          "text": "Under no circumstances run a new motor at high speed until it has covered several hundred miles and is thoroughly “run in.”",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "text": "The engine should be well run in before its heavy working life begins.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Alternative form of run-in (adj) (styled open when in predicative position)",
        "(sometimes comparable) Having been run in to seat the parts."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "run-in",
          "run-in#English"
        ],
        [
          "predicative",
          "predicative"
        ],
        [
          "participial adjective",
          "participial adjective"
        ],
        [
          "engineering",
          "engineering#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "comparable",
          "comparable#English:_grammar"
        ],
        [
          "run in",
          "#Verb"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "Alternative form of run-in (adj) (styled open when in predicative position)",
        "(participial adjective; mechanical, engineering) (sometimes comparable) Having been run in to seat the parts."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "broken in"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "adjective",
        "error-misspelling",
        "not-comparable",
        "participle",
        "usually"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "engineering",
        "mechanical",
        "mechanical-engineering",
        "natural-sciences",
        "physical-sciences"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "run in"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "English adjectives",
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English multiword terms",
    "English nouns",
    "English phrasal verbs",
    "English phrasal verbs with particle (in)",
    "English verbs"
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "run ins",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "run in (plural run ins)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "omitting the hyphens from nouns of this type is nonstandard in formal publications but widely seen in unedited writing",
          "word": "run-in"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Alternative spelling of run-in (omitting the hyphens from nouns of this type is nonstandard in formal publications but widely seen in unedited writing)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "run-in",
          "run-in#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "run in"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "English adjectives",
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English multiword terms",
    "English nouns",
    "English phrasal verbs",
    "English phrasal verbs with particle (in)",
    "English verbs"
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "runs in",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "running in",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ran in",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "run in",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "run<,,ran,run> in"
      },
      "expansion": "run in (third-person singular simple present runs in, present participle running in, simple past ran in, past participle run in)",
      "name": "en-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English informal terms",
        "English links with manual fragments",
        "English terms with usage examples",
        "English transitive verbs"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "Coordinate term: run down"
        },
        {
          "text": "The guys who robbed the bank last week have finally been run in.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To arrest; (especially) to track down and arrest."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "arrest",
          "arrest"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "chiefly passive voice",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive, informal, chiefly passive voice) To arrest; (especially) to track down and arrest."
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "en:arrest or especially track down and arrest"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "British English",
        "English terms with quotations",
        "English terms with usage examples",
        "English transitive verbs"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "I have to drive slowly for the first 1,000 miles to run the engine in.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1959 February, A. G. Dunbar, “The \"Dunalastair I\" 4-4-0s of the Caledonian”, in Trains Illustrated, page 87",
          "text": "It was run in by Ranochan of Polmadie on the forenoon slow to Carlisle and the afternoon slow back to the North.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To use new machinery at less than full speed, preventing damage."
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive, British) To use new machinery at less than full speed, preventing damage."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "break in"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "British",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To start a new regime slowly."
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(figuratively) To start a new regime slowly."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "phase in"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations",
        "en:Rugby"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "2011 September 16, Ben Dirs, “Rugby World Cup 2011: New Zealand 83-7 Japan”, in BBC Sport",
          "text": "Toeava went over unopposed to stretch his side's lead but Japan got on the scoreboard on 56 minutes, wing Hirotoki Onozawa intercepting an attempted offload from Slade, who had a rather flaky game, and running in from the All Blacks' 10m line.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To score (a try)."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "rugby",
          "rugby"
        ],
        [
          "score",
          "score"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(rugby) To score (a try)."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "ball-games",
        "games",
        "hobbies",
        "lifestyle",
        "rugby",
        "sports"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with usage examples",
        "en:Printing",
        "en:Typography"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "With these subsections, it is better to run their headings in.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To insert (a word, etc.) without making a line break or new paragraph (so that it is not free-hanging)."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "typography",
          "typography"
        ],
        [
          "printing",
          "printing#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "insert",
          "insert"
        ],
        [
          "line break",
          "line break"
        ],
        [
          "paragraph",
          "paragraph"
        ],
        [
          "free-hanging",
          "free-hanging"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(typography, printing) To insert (a word, etc.) without making a line break or new paragraph (so that it is not free-hanging)."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "media",
        "printing",
        "publishing",
        "typography"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "en:Printing"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To alter the position of matter to fill vacant space."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "printing",
          "printing#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "matter",
          "matter"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(printing) To alter the position of matter to fill vacant space."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "media",
        "printing",
        "publishing"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Forms linking to themselves"
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "run in"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "simple past and past participle of run in"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "run in",
          "run in#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "run in"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.