See retrovirus in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{ "derived": [ { "_dis1": "0 0", "word": "antiretrovirus" }, { "_dis1": "0 0", "word": "endogenous retrovirus" }, { "_dis1": "0 0", "word": "gammaretrovirus" }, { "_dis1": "0 0", "word": "oncoretrovirus" }, { "_dis1": "0 0", "word": "orthoretrovirus" }, { "_dis1": "0 0", "word": "spumaretrovirus" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "retro-", "3": "virus" }, "expansion": "retro- + virus", "name": "affix" } ], "etymology_text": "From retro- + virus, from its reverse direction of replication.", "forms": [ { "form": "retroviruses", "tags": [ "plural" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": {}, "expansion": "retrovirus (plural retroviruses)", "name": "en-noun" } ], "hyponyms": [ { "_dis1": "0 0", "word": "orthoretrovirus" }, { "_dis1": "0 0", "word": "spumaretrovirus" }, { "_dis1": "0 0", "word": "alpharetrovirus" }, { "_dis1": "0 0", "word": "betaretrovirus" }, { "_dis1": "0 0", "word": "bovispumavirus" }, { "_dis1": "0 0", "word": "epsilonretrovirus" }, { "_dis1": "0 0", "word": "equispumavirus" }, { "_dis1": "0 0", "word": "felispumavirus" }, { "_dis1": "0 0", "word": "gammaretrovirus" }, { "_dis1": "0 0", "word": "lentivirus" }, { "_dis1": "0 0", "word": "prosimiispumavirus" }, { "_dis1": "0 0", "word": "simiispumavirus" } ], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "noun", "related": [ { "_dis1": "0 0", "word": "retroviral" }, { "_dis1": "0 0", "word": "retrovirological" }, { "_dis1": "0 0", "word": "retrovirologist" }, { "_dis1": "0 0", "word": "retrovirology" } ], "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "kind": "topical", "langcode": "en", "name": "Virology", "orig": "en:Virology", "parents": [ "Medicine", "Microbiology", "Pathology", "Biology", "Healthcare", "Disease", "Sciences", "Health", "All topics", "Body", "Fundamental" ], "source": "w" }, { "_dis": "75 25", "kind": "other", "name": "English entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "59 41", "kind": "other", "name": "English terms prefixed with retro-", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "87 13", "kind": "other", "name": "Entries with translation boxes", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "81 19", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 5 entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "76 24", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "78 22", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Catalan translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "81 19", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Finnish translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "80 20", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with French translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "78 22", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with German translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "74 26", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Greek translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "78 22", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Hungarian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "78 22", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Icelandic translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "78 22", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Italian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "78 22", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Japanese translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "77 23", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Mandarin translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "77 23", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Polish translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "74 26", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Portuguese translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "78 22", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Russian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "80 20", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Spanish translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "79 21", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Swedish translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "examples": [ { "ref": "2010, Siddhartha Mukherjee, The Emperor of All Maladies, Fourth Estate (2011), page 318:", "text": "Montagnier soon deduced that this was an RNA virus that could convert its genes into DNA and lodge into the human genome—a retrovirus.", "type": "quote" } ], "glosses": [ "Any of a group of viruses which insert a copy of their RNA genome into the DNA of a host cell, thus changing the genome of that cell." ], "id": "en-retrovirus-en-noun-20PDTtE9", "links": [ [ "virology", "virology" ], [ "virus", "virus" ], [ "copy", "copy" ], [ "RNA", "RNA" ], [ "genome", "genome" ], [ "DNA", "DNA" ], [ "host cell", "host cell" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(virology) Any of a group of viruses which insert a copy of their RNA genome into the DNA of a host cell, thus changing the genome of that cell." ], "topics": [ "biology", "microbiology", "natural-sciences", "virology" ], "translations": [ { "_dis1": "96 4", "code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "any of a group of viruses which insert a copy of their RNA genome into the DNA of a host cell", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "retrovirus" }, { "_dis1": "96 4", "code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "sense": "any of a group of viruses which insert a copy of their RNA genome into the DNA of a host cell", "word": "逆轉錄病毒" }, { "_dis1": "96 4", "code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "nìzhuǎnlù bìngdú", "sense": "any of a group of viruses which insert a copy of their RNA genome into the DNA of a host cell", "word": "逆转录病毒" }, { "_dis1": "96 4", "code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "sense": "any of a group of viruses which insert a copy of their RNA genome into the DNA of a host cell", "word": "反轉錄病毒" }, { "_dis1": "96 4", "code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "fǎnzhuǎnlù bìngdú", "sense": "any of a group of viruses which insert a copy of their RNA genome into the DNA of a host cell", "word": "反转录病毒" }, { "_dis1": "96 4", "code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "any of a group of viruses which insert a copy of their RNA genome into the DNA of a host cell", "word": "retrovirus" }, { "_dis1": "96 4", "code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "any of a group of viruses which insert a copy of their RNA genome into the DNA of a host cell", "word": "rétrovirus" }, { "_dis1": "96 4", "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "any of a group of viruses which insert a copy of their RNA genome into the DNA of a host cell", "tags": [ "neuter" ], "word": "Retrovirus" }, { "_dis1": "96 4", "code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "retroïós", "sense": "any of a group of viruses which insert a copy of their RNA genome into the DNA of a host cell", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "ρετροϊός" }, { "_dis1": "96 4", "code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "any of a group of viruses which insert a copy of their RNA genome into the DNA of a host cell", "word": "retrovírus" }, { "_dis1": "96 4", "code": "is", "lang": "Icelandic", "sense": "any of a group of viruses which insert a copy of their RNA genome into the DNA of a host cell", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "víxlveira" }, { "_dis1": "96 4", "code": "is", "lang": "Icelandic", "sense": "any of a group of viruses which insert a copy of their RNA genome into the DNA of a host cell", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "retróveira" }, { "_dis1": "96 4", "code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "any of a group of viruses which insert a copy of their RNA genome into the DNA of a host cell", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "retrovirus" }, { "_dis1": "96 4", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "sense": "any of a group of viruses which insert a copy of their RNA genome into the DNA of a host cell", "word": "レトロウイルス科" }, { "_dis1": "96 4", "code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "any of a group of viruses which insert a copy of their RNA genome into the DNA of a host cell", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "retrowirus" }, { "_dis1": "96 4", "code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "any of a group of viruses which insert a copy of their RNA genome into the DNA of a host cell", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "retrovírus" }, { "_dis1": "96 4", "code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "retrovirus", "sense": "any of a group of viruses which insert a copy of their RNA genome into the DNA of a host cell", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "ретровирус" }, { "_dis1": "96 4", "code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "any of a group of viruses which insert a copy of their RNA genome into the DNA of a host cell", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "retrovirus" }, { "_dis1": "96 4", "code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "any of a group of viruses which insert a copy of their RNA genome into the DNA of a host cell", "tags": [ "neuter" ], "word": "retrovirus" } ] }, { "categories": [ { "kind": "topical", "langcode": "en", "name": "Computer security", "orig": "en:Computer security", "parents": [ "Computing", "Technology", "All topics", "Fundamental" ], "source": "w" }, { "_dis": "40 60", "kind": "topical", "langcode": "en", "name": "Malware", "orig": "en:Malware", "parents": [ "Computer security", "Software", "Computing", "Media", "Technology", "Communication", "All topics", "Fundamental" ], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "glosses": [ "A computer virus that seeks to attack antivirus programs in an attempt to avoid detection." ], "id": "en-retrovirus-en-noun-molLNJOE", "links": [ [ "computer security", "computer security" ], [ "computer virus", "computer virus" ], [ "seek", "seek" ], [ "antivirus", "antivirus" ], [ "program", "program" ] ], "qualifier": "computer security", "raw_glosses": [ "(computer security) A computer virus that seeks to attack antivirus programs in an attempt to avoid detection." ] } ], "sounds": [ { "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Wodencafe-retrovirus.wav", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/74/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Wodencafe-retrovirus.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Wodencafe-retrovirus.wav.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/74/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Wodencafe-retrovirus.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Wodencafe-retrovirus.wav.ogg" } ], "wikipedia": [ "retrovirus" ], "word": "retrovirus" }
{ "categories": [ "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English lemmas", "English nouns", "English terms prefixed with retro-", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 5 entries", "Pages with entries", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Icelandic translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "en:Malware" ], "derived": [ { "word": "antiretrovirus" }, { "word": "endogenous retrovirus" }, { "word": "gammaretrovirus" }, { "word": "oncoretrovirus" }, { "word": "orthoretrovirus" }, { "word": "spumaretrovirus" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "retro-", "3": "virus" }, "expansion": "retro- + virus", "name": "affix" } ], "etymology_text": "From retro- + virus, from its reverse direction of replication.", "forms": [ { "form": "retroviruses", "tags": [ "plural" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": {}, "expansion": "retrovirus (plural retroviruses)", "name": "en-noun" } ], "hyponyms": [ { "word": "orthoretrovirus" }, { "word": "spumaretrovirus" }, { "word": "alpharetrovirus" }, { "word": "betaretrovirus" }, { "word": "bovispumavirus" }, { "word": "epsilonretrovirus" }, { "word": "equispumavirus" }, { "word": "felispumavirus" }, { "word": "gammaretrovirus" }, { "word": "lentivirus" }, { "word": "prosimiispumavirus" }, { "word": "simiispumavirus" } ], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "noun", "related": [ { "word": "retroviral" }, { "word": "retrovirological" }, { "word": "retrovirologist" }, { "word": "retrovirology" } ], "senses": [ { "categories": [ "English terms with quotations", "en:Virology" ], "examples": [ { "ref": "2010, Siddhartha Mukherjee, The Emperor of All Maladies, Fourth Estate (2011), page 318:", "text": "Montagnier soon deduced that this was an RNA virus that could convert its genes into DNA and lodge into the human genome—a retrovirus.", "type": "quote" } ], "glosses": [ "Any of a group of viruses which insert a copy of their RNA genome into the DNA of a host cell, thus changing the genome of that cell." ], "links": [ [ "virology", "virology" ], [ "virus", "virus" ], [ "copy", "copy" ], [ "RNA", "RNA" ], [ "genome", "genome" ], [ "DNA", "DNA" ], [ "host cell", "host cell" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(virology) Any of a group of viruses which insert a copy of their RNA genome into the DNA of a host cell, thus changing the genome of that cell." ], "topics": [ "biology", "microbiology", "natural-sciences", "virology" ] }, { "categories": [ "en:Computer security" ], "glosses": [ "A computer virus that seeks to attack antivirus programs in an attempt to avoid detection." ], "links": [ [ "computer security", "computer security" ], [ "computer virus", "computer virus" ], [ "seek", "seek" ], [ "antivirus", "antivirus" ], [ "program", "program" ] ], "qualifier": "computer security", "raw_glosses": [ "(computer security) A computer virus that seeks to attack antivirus programs in an attempt to avoid detection." ] } ], "sounds": [ { "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Wodencafe-retrovirus.wav", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/74/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Wodencafe-retrovirus.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Wodencafe-retrovirus.wav.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/74/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Wodencafe-retrovirus.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Wodencafe-retrovirus.wav.ogg" } ], "translations": [ { "code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "any of a group of viruses which insert a copy of their RNA genome into the DNA of a host cell", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "retrovirus" }, { "code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "sense": "any of a group of viruses which insert a copy of their RNA genome into the DNA of a host cell", "word": "逆轉錄病毒" }, { "code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "nìzhuǎnlù bìngdú", "sense": "any of a group of viruses which insert a copy of their RNA genome into the DNA of a host cell", "word": "逆转录病毒" }, { "code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "sense": "any of a group of viruses which insert a copy of their RNA genome into the DNA of a host cell", "word": "反轉錄病毒" }, { "code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "fǎnzhuǎnlù bìngdú", "sense": "any of a group of viruses which insert a copy of their RNA genome into the DNA of a host cell", "word": "反转录病毒" }, { "code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "any of a group of viruses which insert a copy of their RNA genome into the DNA of a host cell", "word": "retrovirus" }, { "code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "any of a group of viruses which insert a copy of their RNA genome into the DNA of a host cell", "word": "rétrovirus" }, { "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "any of a group of viruses which insert a copy of their RNA genome into the DNA of a host cell", "tags": [ "neuter" ], "word": "Retrovirus" }, { "code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "retroïós", "sense": "any of a group of viruses which insert a copy of their RNA genome into the DNA of a host cell", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "ρετροϊός" }, { "code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "any of a group of viruses which insert a copy of their RNA genome into the DNA of a host cell", "word": "retrovírus" }, { "code": "is", "lang": "Icelandic", "sense": "any of a group of viruses which insert a copy of their RNA genome into the DNA of a host cell", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "víxlveira" }, { "code": "is", "lang": "Icelandic", "sense": "any of a group of viruses which insert a copy of their RNA genome into the DNA of a host cell", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "retróveira" }, { "code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "any of a group of viruses which insert a copy of their RNA genome into the DNA of a host cell", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "retrovirus" }, { "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "sense": "any of a group of viruses which insert a copy of their RNA genome into the DNA of a host cell", "word": "レトロウイルス科" }, { "code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "any of a group of viruses which insert a copy of their RNA genome into the DNA of a host cell", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "retrowirus" }, { "code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "any of a group of viruses which insert a copy of their RNA genome into the DNA of a host cell", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "retrovírus" }, { "code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "retrovirus", "sense": "any of a group of viruses which insert a copy of their RNA genome into the DNA of a host cell", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "ретровирус" }, { "code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "any of a group of viruses which insert a copy of their RNA genome into the DNA of a host cell", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "retrovirus" }, { "code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "any of a group of viruses which insert a copy of their RNA genome into the DNA of a host cell", "tags": [ "neuter" ], "word": "retrovirus" } ], "wikipedia": [ "retrovirus" ], "word": "retrovirus" }
Download raw JSONL data for retrovirus meaning in English (7.1kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.