See ret in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_number": 1,
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{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "retten"
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"expansion": "Middle English retten",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dum",
"3": "rēten"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch rēten",
"name": "der"
},
{
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"1": "gml",
"2": "rōten"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German rōten",
"name": "cog"
},
{
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"2": "rōzen"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German rōzen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "non",
"3": "reyta"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse reyta",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "røyta"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian røyta",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "röta"
},
"expansion": "Swedish röta",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*rautijaną",
"4": "",
"5": "to make mellow or soft"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *rautijaną (“to make mellow or soft”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*rewd-",
"4": "",
"5": "to tear; rend; rip"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *rewd- (“to tear; rend; rip”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English retten, reten; perhaps from Middle Dutch rēten, reeten (compare Middle Low German rōten; Middle High German rōzen), or from Old Norse reyta (compare Norwegian røyta, Swedish röta); all from Proto-Germanic *rautijaną (“to make mellow or soft”), from Proto-Indo-European *rewd- (“to tear; rend; rip”). Related to rot.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "rets",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "retting",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "retted",
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"past"
]
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{
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"pos": "verb",
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{
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{
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{
"_dis": "37 63",
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{
"kind": "other",
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{
"kind": "other",
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},
{
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
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"derived": [
{
"word": "retter"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1989, Elias Lönnrot, translated by Keith Bosley, The Kalevala, section XLVIII:",
"text": "the hemp was retted / and soon the retting was done / and swiftly it was hung up / and hurriedly it was dried […].",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2006, Thomas Pynchon, Against the Day, Vintage, published 2007, page 621:",
"text": "the lowland nearly silent except for water-thrushes, the harvested fields, the smell of hops being dried in kilns, flax pulled up and piled in sheaves, in local practice not to be retted till the spring",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To prepare (flax, hemp etc.) for further processing by soaking, which facilitates separation of fibers from the woody parts of the stem."
],
"id": "en-ret-en-verb-B4JS45gb",
"links": [
[
"flax",
"flax"
],
[
"hemp",
"hemp"
],
[
"soaking",
"soak"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To prepare (flax, hemp etc.) for further processing by soaking, which facilitates separation of fibers from the woody parts of the stem."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
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{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "kisna",
"sense": "to soak linen, hemp etc.",
"word": "кисна"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to soak linen, hemp etc.",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "máčet"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to soak linen, hemp etc.",
"word": "roten"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to soak linen, hemp etc.",
"word": "liottaa"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to soak linen, hemp etc.",
"word": "rouir"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to soak linen, hemp etc.",
"word": "cocer"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to soak linen, hemp etc.",
"word": "rotten"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "mouskévo",
"sense": "to soak linen, hemp etc.",
"word": "μουσκεύω"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to soak linen, hemp etc.",
"word": "macerare"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to soak linen, hemp etc.",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "rosić"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to soak linen, hemp etc.",
"word": "topiti"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to soak linen, hemp etc.",
"word": "kiseliti"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to soak linen, hemp etc.",
"word": "röta"
}
]
}
],
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"tags": [
"UK",
"US"
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},
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},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛt"
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"word": "ret"
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"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"retired"
],
"id": "en-ret-en-adj-W3IBR7aR",
"links": [
[
"retired",
"retired"
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],
"translations": [
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "e.a.",
"sense": "retired",
"word": "ε.α."
}
]
}
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},
{
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"word": "ret"
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"word": "reiteration"
}
],
"categories": [
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"langcode": "en",
"name": "Printing",
"orig": "en:Printing",
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"Business",
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{
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],
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"(printing, historical) Short for reiteration."
],
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"media",
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"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "retter"
}
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"3": "retten"
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"expansion": "Middle English retten",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dum",
"3": "rēten"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch rēten",
"name": "der"
},
{
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"1": "gml",
"2": "rōten"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German rōten",
"name": "cog"
},
{
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"2": "rōzen"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German rōzen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
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"1": "en",
"2": "non",
"3": "reyta"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse reyta",
"name": "der"
},
{
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"2": "røyta"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian røyta",
"name": "cog"
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{
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"2": "röta"
},
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"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*rautijaną",
"4": "",
"5": "to make mellow or soft"
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"name": "der"
},
{
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"3": "*rewd-",
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"5": "to tear; rend; rip"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *rewd- (“to tear; rend; rip”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English retten, reten; perhaps from Middle Dutch rēten, reeten (compare Middle Low German rōten; Middle High German rōzen), or from Old Norse reyta (compare Norwegian røyta, Swedish röta); all from Proto-Germanic *rautijaną (“to make mellow or soft”), from Proto-Indo-European *rewd- (“to tear; rend; rip”). Related to rot.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "rets",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "retting",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "retted",
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"pos": "verb",
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"ref": "1989, Elias Lönnrot, translated by Keith Bosley, The Kalevala, section XLVIII:",
"text": "the hemp was retted / and soon the retting was done / and swiftly it was hung up / and hurriedly it was dried […].",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2006, Thomas Pynchon, Against the Day, Vintage, published 2007, page 621:",
"text": "the lowland nearly silent except for water-thrushes, the harvested fields, the smell of hops being dried in kilns, flax pulled up and piled in sheaves, in local practice not to be retted till the spring",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To prepare (flax, hemp etc.) for further processing by soaking, which facilitates separation of fibers from the woody parts of the stem."
],
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[
"flax",
"flax"
],
[
"hemp",
"hemp"
],
[
"soaking",
"soak"
]
],
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"(transitive) To prepare (flax, hemp etc.) for further processing by soaking, which facilitates separation of fibers from the woody parts of the stem."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
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"tags": [
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"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "kisna",
"sense": "to soak linen, hemp etc.",
"word": "кисна"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to soak linen, hemp etc.",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "máčet"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to soak linen, hemp etc.",
"word": "roten"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to soak linen, hemp etc.",
"word": "liottaa"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to soak linen, hemp etc.",
"word": "rouir"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to soak linen, hemp etc.",
"word": "cocer"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to soak linen, hemp etc.",
"word": "rotten"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "mouskévo",
"sense": "to soak linen, hemp etc.",
"word": "μουσκεύω"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to soak linen, hemp etc.",
"word": "macerare"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to soak linen, hemp etc.",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "rosić"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to soak linen, hemp etc.",
"word": "topiti"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to soak linen, hemp etc.",
"word": "kiseliti"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to soak linen, hemp etc.",
"word": "röta"
}
],
"word": "ret"
}
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{
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{
"word": "reiteration"
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"categories": [
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"English terms with historical senses",
"en:Printing"
],
"glosses": [
"Short for reiteration."
],
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"printing",
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],
[
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]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(printing, historical) Short for reiteration."
],
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],
"topics": [
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"printing",
"publishing"
]
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"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-ret.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/37/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-ret.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-ret.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/37/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-ret.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-ret.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛt"
}
],
"word": "ret"
}
Download raw JSONL data for ret meaning in English (8.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.