See pluperfect in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "pluperfectly"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "pluperfectness"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "plusquamperfectum",
"4": "",
"5": "more than perfect"
},
"expansion": "Latin plusquamperfectum (“more than perfect”)",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Shortening of plusquamperfect, from Latin plusquamperfectum (“more than perfect”), from plus (“more”) + quam (“than”) + perfectum, neuter singular of perfectus (“achieved; finished; perfected”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more pluperfect",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most pluperfect",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "plpf.",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"abbreviation"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "pluperfect (comparative more pluperfect, superlative most pluperfect)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "pluperfection"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "10 26 9 13 9 32 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"More than perfect, utterly perfect, ideal."
],
"id": "en-pluperfect-en-adj-5TXtiDrG",
"links": [
[
"perfect",
"perfect"
],
[
"utterly",
"utterly"
],
[
"ideal",
"ideal"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Grammar",
"orig": "en:Grammar",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "8 25 9 17 11 30 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 25 16 18 12 20 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 25 8 17 13 31 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 25 9 17 12 29 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 28 13 20 10 25 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 24 10 17 12 29 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Korean translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 24 10 17 12 29 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Manx translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 26 9 13 9 32 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 24 10 17 12 29 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Pertaining to action completed before another action or event in the past, past perfect."
],
"id": "en-pluperfect-en-adj-pqpLan8j",
"links": [
[
"grammar",
"grammar"
],
[
"complete",
"complete"
],
[
"past perfect",
"past perfect"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(grammar) Pertaining to action completed before another action or event in the past, past perfect."
],
"topics": [
"grammar",
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 74 8 10 7",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "grammar",
"word": "zaprzeszły"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Graph theory",
"orig": "en:Graph theory",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "6 25 16 18 12 20 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 28 13 20 10 25 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 24 10 17 12 29 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Korean translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 24 10 17 12 29 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Manx translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 24 10 17 12 29 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Being or relating to a certain type of graph that complies with a theorem (\"pluperfect graph theorem\") discovered by D. R. Fulkerson in 1970, satisfying even more constraints than a perfect graph."
],
"id": "en-pluperfect-en-adj-Mf4j489j",
"links": [
[
"graph theory",
"graph theory"
],
[
"graph",
"graph"
],
[
"theorem",
"theorem"
],
[
"perfect",
"perfect"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(graph theory) Being or relating to a certain type of graph that complies with a theorem (\"pluperfect graph theorem\") discovered by D. R. Fulkerson in 1970, satisfying even more constraints than a perfect graph."
],
"topics": [
"graph-theory",
"mathematics",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Mathematics",
"orig": "en:Mathematics",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "8 25 9 17 11 30 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 25 16 18 12 20 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 25 8 17 13 31 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 25 9 17 12 29 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 28 13 20 10 25 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 24 10 17 12 29 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Korean translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 24 10 17 12 29 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Manx translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 26 9 13 9 32 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 24 10 17 12 29 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Synonym of multiperfect."
],
"id": "en-pluperfect-en-adj-ndWS5rND",
"links": [
[
"mathematics",
"mathematics"
],
[
"multiperfect",
"multiperfect#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(mathematics) Synonym of multiperfect."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "multiperfect"
}
],
"topics": [
"mathematics",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "8 25 9 17 11 30 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 25 16 18 12 20 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 25 8 17 13 31 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 25 9 17 12 29 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 28 13 20 10 25 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 24 10 17 12 29 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Korean translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 24 10 17 12 29 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Manx translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 24 10 17 12 29 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
12,
22
]
],
"text": "What in the pluperfect hell is going on here?!",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
23,
33
]
],
"ref": "1952, North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission, Wildlife in North Carolina - Volumes 16-19:",
"text": "The drought has raised pluperfect heck with fishing more ways than one.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used as an intensifier in various interjections."
],
"id": "en-pluperfect-en-adj-rV8OapMa",
"raw_glosses": [
"(informal) Used as an intensifier in various interjections."
],
"tags": [
"informal"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pluːˈpɜː.fɪkt/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-pluperfect.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1e/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pluperfect.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pluperfect.wav.mp3",
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"tags": [
"Southern-England"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pluˈpɝ.fɪkt/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
}
],
"word": "pluperfect"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "plusquamperfectum",
"4": "",
"5": "more than perfect"
},
"expansion": "Latin plusquamperfectum (“more than perfect”)",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Shortening of plusquamperfect, from Latin plusquamperfectum (“more than perfect”), from plus (“more”) + quam (“than”) + perfectum, neuter singular of perfectus (“achieved; finished; perfected”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pluperfects",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "plpf.",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"abbreviation"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "pluperfect (plural pluperfects)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "8 25 9 17 11 30 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 32 4 10 7 43 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 25 8 19 6 33 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 23 8 18 11 32 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 25 16 18 12 20 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 27 8 15 10 34 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 25 8 17 13 31 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 25 9 17 12 29 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 28 13 20 10 25 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 25 8 17 11 33 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ido translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 28 6 14 9 37 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 24 10 17 12 29 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Korean translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 24 10 17 12 29 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Manx translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 26 9 13 9 32 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 26 10 14 10 33 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 25 8 17 11 32 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 25 8 18 11 33 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 24 10 17 12 29 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The pluperfect tense, the past perfect."
],
"id": "en-pluperfect-en-noun-FJb7kqLe",
"links": [
[
"pluperfect tense",
"pluperfect tense"
],
[
"past perfect",
"past perfect"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "91 9",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "pluperfect tense",
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
],
"word": "czas zaprzeszły"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A verb in this tense."
],
"id": "en-pluperfect-en-noun-Q75VSxPi",
"links": [
[
"verb",
"verb"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "5 95",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "verb in this tense",
"word": "pluskvamperfekti"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 95",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "verb in this tense",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "plus-que-parfait"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 95",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "verb in this tense",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Plusquamperfekt"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 95",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"lang_code": "el",
"roman": "ypersyntélikos",
"sense": "verb in this tense",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "υπερσυντέλικος"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 95",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"lang_code": "grc",
"roman": "hupersuntélikos",
"sense": "verb in this tense",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ὑπερσυντέλικος"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 95",
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"lang_code": "io",
"sense": "verb in this tense",
"word": "plusquamperfekto"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 95",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "verb in this tense",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "piuccheperfetto"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 95",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"roman": "gwageowallyo",
"sense": "verb in this tense",
"word": "과거완료"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 95",
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"lang_code": "gv",
"sense": "verb in this tense",
"word": "yl-lanejeant"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 95",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "verb in this tense",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "forma zaprzeszła czasownika"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 95",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "verb in this tense",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pretérito mais-que-perfeito"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 95",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "pljuskvamperfékt",
"sense": "verb in this tense",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "плюсквамперфе́кт"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 95",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "verb in this tense",
"word": "pluscuamperfecto"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 95",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"sense": "verb in this tense",
"word": "pluskvamperfekt"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pluːˈpɜː.fɪkt/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-pluperfect.wav",
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"tags": [
"Southern-England"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pluˈpɝ.fɪkt/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "plusquamperfect"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "preterpluperfect"
}
],
"word": "pluperfect"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Latin",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Ido translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Manx translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "pluperfectly"
},
{
"word": "pluperfectness"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "plusquamperfectum",
"4": "",
"5": "more than perfect"
},
"expansion": "Latin plusquamperfectum (“more than perfect”)",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Shortening of plusquamperfect, from Latin plusquamperfectum (“more than perfect”), from plus (“more”) + quam (“than”) + perfectum, neuter singular of perfectus (“achieved; finished; perfected”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more pluperfect",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most pluperfect",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "plpf.",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"abbreviation"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "pluperfect (comparative more pluperfect, superlative most pluperfect)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"word": "pluperfection"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"More than perfect, utterly perfect, ideal."
],
"links": [
[
"perfect",
"perfect"
],
[
"utterly",
"utterly"
],
[
"ideal",
"ideal"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Grammar"
],
"glosses": [
"Pertaining to action completed before another action or event in the past, past perfect."
],
"links": [
[
"grammar",
"grammar"
],
[
"complete",
"complete"
],
[
"past perfect",
"past perfect"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(grammar) Pertaining to action completed before another action or event in the past, past perfect."
],
"topics": [
"grammar",
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Graph theory"
],
"glosses": [
"Being or relating to a certain type of graph that complies with a theorem (\"pluperfect graph theorem\") discovered by D. R. Fulkerson in 1970, satisfying even more constraints than a perfect graph."
],
"links": [
[
"graph theory",
"graph theory"
],
[
"graph",
"graph"
],
[
"theorem",
"theorem"
],
[
"perfect",
"perfect"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(graph theory) Being or relating to a certain type of graph that complies with a theorem (\"pluperfect graph theorem\") discovered by D. R. Fulkerson in 1970, satisfying even more constraints than a perfect graph."
],
"topics": [
"graph-theory",
"mathematics",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Mathematics"
],
"glosses": [
"Synonym of multiperfect."
],
"links": [
[
"mathematics",
"mathematics"
],
[
"multiperfect",
"multiperfect#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(mathematics) Synonym of multiperfect."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "multiperfect"
}
],
"topics": [
"mathematics",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English informal terms",
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
12,
22
]
],
"text": "What in the pluperfect hell is going on here?!",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
23,
33
]
],
"ref": "1952, North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission, Wildlife in North Carolina - Volumes 16-19:",
"text": "The drought has raised pluperfect heck with fishing more ways than one.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used as an intensifier in various interjections."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(informal) Used as an intensifier in various interjections."
],
"tags": [
"informal"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pluːˈpɜː.fɪkt/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-pluperfect.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1e/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pluperfect.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pluperfect.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1e/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pluperfect.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pluperfect.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pluˈpɝ.fɪkt/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "grammar",
"word": "zaprzeszły"
}
],
"word": "pluperfect"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Latin",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Ido translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Manx translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "plusquamperfectum",
"4": "",
"5": "more than perfect"
},
"expansion": "Latin plusquamperfectum (“more than perfect”)",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Shortening of plusquamperfect, from Latin plusquamperfectum (“more than perfect”), from plus (“more”) + quam (“than”) + perfectum, neuter singular of perfectus (“achieved; finished; perfected”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pluperfects",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "plpf.",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"abbreviation"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "pluperfect (plural pluperfects)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"The pluperfect tense, the past perfect."
],
"links": [
[
"pluperfect tense",
"pluperfect tense"
],
[
"past perfect",
"past perfect"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A verb in this tense."
],
"links": [
[
"verb",
"verb"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pluːˈpɜː.fɪkt/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-pluperfect.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1e/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pluperfect.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pluperfect.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1e/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pluperfect.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pluperfect.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pluˈpɝ.fɪkt/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "plusquamperfect"
},
{
"word": "preterpluperfect"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "pluperfect tense",
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
],
"word": "czas zaprzeszły"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "verb in this tense",
"word": "pluskvamperfekti"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "verb in this tense",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "plus-que-parfait"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "verb in this tense",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Plusquamperfekt"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"lang_code": "el",
"roman": "ypersyntélikos",
"sense": "verb in this tense",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "υπερσυντέλικος"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"lang_code": "grc",
"roman": "hupersuntélikos",
"sense": "verb in this tense",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ὑπερσυντέλικος"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"lang_code": "io",
"sense": "verb in this tense",
"word": "plusquamperfekto"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "verb in this tense",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "piuccheperfetto"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"roman": "gwageowallyo",
"sense": "verb in this tense",
"word": "과거완료"
},
{
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"lang_code": "gv",
"sense": "verb in this tense",
"word": "yl-lanejeant"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "verb in this tense",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "forma zaprzeszła czasownika"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "verb in this tense",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pretérito mais-que-perfeito"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "pljuskvamperfékt",
"sense": "verb in this tense",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "плюсквамперфе́кт"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "verb in this tense",
"word": "pluscuamperfecto"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"sense": "verb in this tense",
"word": "pluskvamperfekt"
}
],
"word": "pluperfect"
}
Download raw JSONL data for pluperfect meaning in English (8.8kB)
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"title": "pluperfect",
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This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (d6fca27 and 65e1673). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.