See periwinkle in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Vinca major",
"word": "bigleaf periwinkle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
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"word": "blue periwinkle"
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{
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"taxonomic": "Vinca minor",
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Vinca herbacea",
"word": "herbaceous periwinkle"
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
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"word": "large periwinkle"
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{
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"taxonomic": "Catharanthus roseus",
"word": "Madagascar periwinkle"
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
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{
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{
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"word": "rose periwinkle"
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"ref": "1652, Nich[olas] Culpeper, The English Physitian: Or An Astrologo-physical Discourse of the Vulgar Herbs of This Nation. […], London: […] Peter Cole, […], →OCLC:",
"text": "The Periwinkle is a great binder, staying bleeding both at mouth and nose if some of the leaves be chewed.",
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"ref": "1658, Thomas Browne, “The Garden of Cyrus. […]. Chapter III.”, in Hydriotaphia, Urne-buriall, […] Together with The Garden of Cyrus, […], London: […] Hen[ry] Brome […], →OCLC, page 137:",
"text": "He that vvould diſcern the rudimentall ſtroak of a plant, may behold it in the Originall of Duckvveed, at the bigneſſe of a pins point, from convenient vvater in glaſſes, vvherein a vvatchfull eye may alſo diſcover the puncticular Originals of Perivvincles and Gnats.",
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"ref": "1961, Harry E. Wedeck, Dictionary of Aphrodisiacs, New York: The Citadel Press, page 115:",
"text": "Among herbs that have traditionally been considered to possess aphrodisiac virtue are, maidenhair, navelwort, anemone, wild poppy, valerian, cyclamen, male fern, pansy, periwinkle.",
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"glosses": [
"Any of several evergreen plants of the genus Vinca with blue or white flowers."
],
"id": "en-periwinkle-en-noun-edWDhh3h",
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"_dis1": "63 32 5",
"sense": "Vinca",
"word": "myrtle"
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"_dis1": "63 32 5",
"sense": "Vinca",
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{
"_dis1": "43 57 0",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"lang_code": "be",
"roman": "barvjénak",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
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},
{
"_dis1": "43 57 0",
"code": "bg",
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"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "zimzelen",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "зимзелен"
},
{
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"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "vinca"
},
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"code": "ca",
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"lang_code": "ca",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
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"word": "pervinca"
},
{
"_dis1": "43 57 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"roman": "mànchángchūnhuā",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "蔓長春花 /蔓长春花"
},
{
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"code": "cs",
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"sense": "plant",
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"word": "barvínek"
},
{
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"lang_code": "cs",
"sense": "plant",
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"word": "brčál"
},
{
"_dis1": "43 57 0",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"lang_code": "eo",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "vinko"
},
{
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"code": "fi",
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"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "talvio"
},
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"code": "fr",
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"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
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"word": "pervenche"
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"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
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{
"_dis1": "43 57 0",
"code": "ka",
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"lang_code": "ka",
"roman": "gvelis suro",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "გველის სურო"
},
{
"_dis1": "43 57 0",
"code": "de",
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"sense": "plant",
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"word": "Immergrün"
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{
"_dis1": "43 57 0",
"code": "grc",
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"roman": "khamaidáphnē",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
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},
{
"_dis1": "43 57 0",
"code": "he",
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"lang_code": "he",
"roman": "vínka",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
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"word": "וינקה"
},
{
"_dis1": "43 57 0",
"code": "hu",
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"sense": "plant",
"word": "meténg"
},
{
"_dis1": "43 57 0",
"code": "io",
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"lang_code": "io",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "pervinko"
},
{
"_dis1": "43 57 0",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
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"word": "fincín"
},
{
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"code": "ga",
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"lang_code": "ga",
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"tags": [
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},
{
"_dis1": "43 57 0",
"code": "it",
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"sense": "plant",
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"word": "pervinca"
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{
"_dis1": "43 57 0",
"code": "ja",
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"lang_code": "ja",
"roman": "tsurunichinisō",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "ツルニチニチソウ"
},
{
"_dis1": "43 57 0",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"roman": "nichinichisō",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "ニチニチソウ"
},
{
"_dis1": "43 57 0",
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"lang_code": "kk",
"roman": "qabıršöp",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "қабыршөп"
},
{
"_dis1": "43 57 0",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pervinca"
},
{
"_dis1": "43 57 0",
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"lang_code": "nrf",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bliuette"
},
{
"_dis1": "43 57 0",
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"lang_code": "nrf",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pèrvenche"
},
{
"_dis1": "43 57 0",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
],
"word": "barwinek"
},
{
"_dis1": "43 57 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pervinca"
},
{
"_dis1": "43 57 0",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "saschiu"
},
{
"_dis1": "43 57 0",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pervincă"
},
{
"_dis1": "43 57 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "barvínok",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "барви́нок"
},
{
"_dis1": "43 57 0",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "зи̏мзеле̄н"
},
{
"_dis1": "43 57 0",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"Latin",
"masculine"
],
"word": "zȉmzelēn"
},
{
"_dis1": "43 57 0",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"lang_code": "sl",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "zimzelen"
},
{
"_dis1": "43 57 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "vinca"
},
{
"_dis1": "43 57 0",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "Cezayir menekşesi"
},
{
"_dis1": "43 57 0",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "barvínok",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "барві́нок"
},
{
"_dis1": "43 57 0",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "dừa cạn"
},
{
"_dis1": "43 57 0",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "perfagl"
}
]
},
{
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"name": "Terms with Slovene translations",
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{
"_dis": "11 43 35 11",
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{
"_dis": "11 43 35 11",
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"ref": "2025 February 21, Leah Dolan, “How the Superman ‘S’ became fashion’s favorite logo”, in CNN:",
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],
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],
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"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "colour",
"tags": [
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],
"word": "pervenche"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "colour",
"word": "babakék"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"code": "it",
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"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "colour",
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"masculine"
],
"word": "pervinca"
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"code": "pl",
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"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "colour",
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
],
"word": "kolor barwinkowy"
}
],
"word": "periwinkle"
}
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"expansion": "Middle English perwinke",
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "perfince"
},
"expansion": "Old English perfince",
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "berwinke"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German berwinke",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "pervinca"
},
"expansion": "Latin pervinca",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "pervenche"
},
"expansion": "French pervenche",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "pervinca"
},
"expansion": "Italian pervinca",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Diminutive of Middle English perwinke, from Old English perfince, perwince (compare Middle High German berwinke), from Latin pervinca (compare French pervenche, Italian pervinca).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more periwinkle",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most periwinkle",
"tags": [
"superlative"
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],
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{
"_dis": "11 43 35 11",
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"name": "Terms with Kazakh translations",
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{
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 43 35 11",
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"name": "Terms with Slovene translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 43 35 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 43 35 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 21 19 3 25 5",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Purples",
"orig": "en:Purples",
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}
],
"glosses": [
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],
"id": "en-periwinkle-en-adj-nDj8qMbF",
"related": [
{
"word": "vinblastine"
},
{
"word": "vincristine"
}
],
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{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "colour",
"word": "babakék"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"lang_code": "io",
"sense": "colour",
"word": "pervinkea"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "colour",
"word": "pervinca"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "colour",
"word": "barwinkowy"
}
]
}
],
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"tags": [
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]
}
],
"word": "periwinkle"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"taxonomic": "Littorina scutulata",
"word": "checkered periwinkle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"taxonomic": "Littorina littorea",
"word": "common periwinkle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"taxonomic": "Littorina obtusata",
"word": "flat periwinkle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"taxonomic": "Turbo sarmaticus",
"word": "giant periwinkle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"taxonomic": "Littorina saxatilis",
"word": "rough periwinkle"
}
],
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{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm"
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"expansion": "Middle English [Term?]",
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{
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"1": "en",
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},
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
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"t": "kind of mussel"
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grc",
"3": "πίνη"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek πίνη (pínē)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "wincel",
"t": "corner"
},
"expansion": "Old English wincel (“corner”)",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "vinkel",
"t": "snail shell"
},
"expansion": "Danish vinkel (“snail shell”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English [Term?], alteration of *pinewinkle (compare English dialectal pennywinkle), from Old English pīnewincle, compound of Latin pīna (“kind of mussel”), itself from Ancient Greek πίνη (pínē), variant of πίννα (pínna, “mussel”)) and Old English wincel (“corner”) (compare dialectal Danish vinkel (“snail shell”)). More at winch and wink.",
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"tags": [
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}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "periwinkle (plural periwinkles)",
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"pos": "noun",
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{
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"_dis": "8 28 21 7 26 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Asturian translations",
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{
"_dis": "7 27 22 7 27 11",
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{
"_dis": "7 27 22 7 27 11",
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{
"_dis": "7 27 20 6 29 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
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{
"_dis": "8 27 20 8 26 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 27 20 6 29 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 27 20 8 26 12",
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"name": "Terms with Galician translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 27 20 8 26 12",
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"name": "Terms with German translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 28 21 7 28 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Irish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 28 20 6 27 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 28 20 6 27 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
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},
{
"_dis": "10 27 21 7 25 10",
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"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
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},
{
"_dis": "6 29 20 5 27 12",
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"name": "Terms with Māori translations",
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{
"_dis": "7 27 22 7 27 11",
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"name": "Terms with Norman translations",
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{
"_dis": "7 26 20 7 27 12",
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"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
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{
"_dis": "8 26 21 7 26 11",
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"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 28 21 7 26 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Romanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 28 20 6 27 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 27 23 4 28 14",
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"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 27 24 4 28 14",
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},
{
"_dis": "3 31 33 2 21 11",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Dogbane family plants",
"orig": "en:Dogbane family plants",
"parents": [],
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},
{
"_dis": "3 27 24 5 25 16",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Littorinimorphs",
"orig": "en:Littorinimorphs",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 21 19 3 25 5",
"kind": "other",
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"name": "Purples",
"orig": "en:Purples",
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"ref": "2022, Paul McAuley, Beyond the Burn Line, Gollancz, page 217:",
"text": "He was working a pin into a periwinkle shell, turning it to extract the toothsome morsel of meat.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A mollusk of family Littorinidae."
],
"id": "en-periwinkle-en-noun--KEal2St",
"links": [
[
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"mollusk"
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[
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{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"sense": "mollusk",
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],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"lang_code": "ast",
"sense": "mollusc",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bígaru"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"lang_code": "ast",
"sense": "mollusc",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "mincha"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"code": "br",
"lang": "Breton",
"lang_code": "br",
"sense": "mollusc",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bigorn"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"roman": "bīnluó",
"sense": "mollusc",
"word": "濱螺 /滨螺"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"sense": "mollusc",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "plážovka"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "mollusc",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "alikruik"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "mollusc",
"word": "rantakotilo"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "mollusc",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bigorneau"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "mollusc",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vigneau"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "mollusc",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vignot"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"sense": "mollusc",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bígaro"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"sense": "mollusc",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "caramuxo"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"sense": "mollusc",
"tags": [
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{
"_dis1": "94 6",
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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"taxonomic": "Vinca major",
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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},
{
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"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"sense": "plant",
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],
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"sense": "plant",
"word": "vinko"
},
{
"code": "fi",
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"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "talvio"
},
{
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"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
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],
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},
{
"code": "gl",
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"sense": "plant",
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],
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{
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"roman": "gvelis suro",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "გველის სურო"
},
{
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"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "plant",
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],
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{
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"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Singrün"
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{
"code": "grc",
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"lang_code": "grc",
"roman": "khamaidáphnē",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "χαμαιδάφνη"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"lang_code": "he",
"roman": "vínka",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "וינקה"
},
{
"code": "hu",
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"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "meténg"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"lang_code": "io",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "pervinko"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "fincín"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bláth na faochan"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pervinca"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"roman": "tsurunichinisō",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "ツルニチニチソウ"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"roman": "nichinichisō",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "ニチニチソウ"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"lang_code": "kk",
"roman": "qabıršöp",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "қабыршөп"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pervinca"
},
{
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"lang_code": "nrf",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bliuette"
},
{
"code": "nrf",
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"lang_code": "nrf",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
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},
{
"code": "pl",
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"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
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"masculine"
],
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},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pervinca"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "saschiu"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pervincă"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "barvínok",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "барви́нок"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "зи̏мзеле̄н"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"Latin",
"masculine"
],
"word": "zȉmzelēn"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"lang_code": "sl",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "zimzelen"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "vinca"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "Cezayir menekşesi"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "barvínok",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "барві́нок"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "dừa cạn"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "perfagl"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "colour",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pervenche"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "colour",
"word": "babakék"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "colour",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pervinca"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "colour",
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
],
"word": "kolor barwinkowy"
}
],
"word": "periwinkle"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"Entries missing English vernacular names of taxa",
"Entries using missing taxonomic name (species)",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Middle English term requests",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Asturian translations",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Breton translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Ido translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Kazakh translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Māori translations",
"Terms with Norman translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Slovene translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations",
"Terms with Woiwurrung translations",
"en:Blues",
"en:Dogbane family plants",
"en:Flowers",
"en:Littorinimorphs",
"en:Purples"
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "perwinke"
},
"expansion": "Middle English perwinke",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "perfince"
},
"expansion": "Old English perfince",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "berwinke"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German berwinke",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "pervinca"
},
"expansion": "Latin pervinca",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "pervenche"
},
"expansion": "French pervenche",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "pervinca"
},
"expansion": "Italian pervinca",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Diminutive of Middle English perwinke, from Old English perfince, perwince (compare Middle High German berwinke), from Latin pervinca (compare French pervenche, Italian pervinca).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more periwinkle",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most periwinkle",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "periwinkle (comparative more periwinkle, superlative most periwinkle)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"word": "vinblastine"
},
{
"word": "vincristine"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Of pale bluish purple colour."
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɛɹ.ɪˌwɪŋ.kəl/",
"tags": [
"UK",
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-periwinkle.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d0/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-periwinkle.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-periwinkle.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d0/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-periwinkle.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-periwinkle.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
]
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "colour",
"word": "babakék"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"lang_code": "io",
"sense": "colour",
"word": "pervinkea"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "colour",
"word": "pervinca"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "colour",
"word": "barwinkowy"
}
],
"word": "periwinkle"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Middle English term requests",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Terms with Asturian translations",
"Terms with Breton translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Māori translations",
"Terms with Norman translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Woiwurrung translations",
"en:Blues",
"en:Dogbane family plants",
"en:Flowers",
"en:Littorinimorphs",
"en:Purples"
],
"derived": [
{
"taxonomic": "Littorina scutulata",
"word": "checkered periwinkle"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Littorina littorea",
"word": "common periwinkle"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Littorina obtusata",
"word": "flat periwinkle"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Turbo sarmaticus",
"word": "giant periwinkle"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Littorina saxatilis",
"word": "rough periwinkle"
}
],
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm"
},
"expansion": "Middle English [Term?]",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "pīnewincle"
},
"expansion": "Old English pīnewincle",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "pīna",
"t": "kind of mussel"
},
"expansion": "Latin pīna (“kind of mussel”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grc",
"3": "πίνη"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek πίνη (pínē)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "wincel",
"t": "corner"
},
"expansion": "Old English wincel (“corner”)",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "vinkel",
"t": "snail shell"
},
"expansion": "Danish vinkel (“snail shell”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English [Term?], alteration of *pinewinkle (compare English dialectal pennywinkle), from Old English pīnewincle, compound of Latin pīna (“kind of mussel”), itself from Ancient Greek πίνη (pínē), variant of πίννα (pínna, “mussel”)) and Old English wincel (“corner”) (compare dialectal Danish vinkel (“snail shell”)). More at winch and wink.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "periwinkles",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "periwinkle (plural periwinkles)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
28,
38
]
],
"ref": "2022, Paul McAuley, Beyond the Burn Line, Gollancz, page 217:",
"text": "He was working a pin into a periwinkle shell, turning it to extract the toothsome morsel of meat.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A mollusk of family Littorinidae."
],
"links": [
[
"mollusk",
"mollusk"
],
[
"Littorinidae",
"Littorinidae#Translingual"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A caddisfly larva."
],
"links": [
[
"caddisfly",
"caddisfly"
],
[
"larva",
"larva"
]
],
"qualifier": "Pacific Northwest US",
"raw_glosses": [
"(Pacific Northwest US) A caddisfly larva."
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɛɹ.ɪˌwɪŋ.kəl/",
"tags": [
"UK",
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-periwinkle.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d0/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-periwinkle.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-periwinkle.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d0/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-periwinkle.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-periwinkle.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "mollusk",
"word": "winkle"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"lang_code": "ast",
"sense": "mollusc",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bígaru"
},
{
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"lang_code": "ast",
"sense": "mollusc",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "mincha"
},
{
"code": "br",
"lang": "Breton",
"lang_code": "br",
"sense": "mollusc",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bigorn"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"roman": "bīnluó",
"sense": "mollusc",
"word": "濱螺 /滨螺"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"sense": "mollusc",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "plážovka"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "mollusc",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "alikruik"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "mollusc",
"word": "rantakotilo"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "mollusc",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bigorneau"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "mollusc",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vigneau"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "mollusc",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vignot"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"sense": "mollusc",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bígaro"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"sense": "mollusc",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "caramuxo"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"sense": "mollusc",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "mincha"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "mollusc",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Uferschnecke"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "mollusc",
"word": "meténg"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"sense": "mollusc",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "faocha"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"sense": "mollusc",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "gioradán"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"sense": "mollusc",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "miongán"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "mollusc",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "litorina"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "mollusc",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "littorale"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"roman": "tamakibigai",
"sense": "mollusc",
"word": "タマキビガイ"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Māori",
"lang_code": "mi",
"sense": "mollusc",
"word": "ngaeti"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Māori",
"lang_code": "mi",
"sense": "mollusc",
"word": "mākerekere"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Māori",
"lang_code": "mi",
"sense": "mollusc",
"word": "matatangata"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Māori",
"lang_code": "mi",
"sense": "mollusc",
"word": "mātangata"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Māori",
"lang_code": "mi",
"sense": "mollusc",
"word": "ataata"
},
{
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"lang_code": "nrf",
"sense": "mollusc",
"tags": [
"Jersey",
"masculine"
],
"word": "v'licot"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "mollusc",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pobrzeżka"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "mollusc",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "litorina"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"sense": "mollusc",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "litorină"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "litorína",
"sense": "mollusc",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "литори́на"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "mollusc",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bigarro"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "mollusc",
"word": "bígaro"
},
{
"code": "wyi",
"lang": "Woiwurrung",
"lang_code": "wyi",
"sense": "mollusc",
"word": "pid-de-ron"
}
],
"word": "periwinkle"
}
Download raw JSONL data for periwinkle meaning in English (23.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-09 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (ccec6f1 and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.