See periwinkle in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Vinca major",
"word": "blue periwinkle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Vinca minor",
"word": "common periwinkle"
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{
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"taxonomic": "Vinca major",
"word": "bigleaf periwinkle"
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"taxonomic": "Vinca major",
"word": "greater periwinkle"
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Vinca herbacea",
"word": "herbaceous periwinkle"
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Vinca major",
"word": "large periwinkle"
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{
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"taxonomic": "Catharanthus roseus",
"word": "Madagascar periwinkle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Catharanthus roseus",
"word": "rose periwinkle rosy periwinkle"
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "periwinkled"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
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"_dis1": "0 0 0",
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"name": "cog"
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"3": "pervinca"
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"expansion": "Latin pervinca",
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"etymology_text": "Diminutive of Middle English perwinke, from Old English perfince, perwince (compare Middle High German berwinke), from Latin pervinca (compare French pervenche, Italian pervinca), of unknown origin.",
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"form": "periwinkles",
"tags": [
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"examples": [
{
"ref": "1652, Nich[olas] Culpeper, The English Physitian: Or An Astrologo-physical Discourse of the Vulgar Herbs of This Nation. […], London: […] Peter Cole, […], →OCLC:",
"text": "The Periwinkle is a great binder, staying bleeding both at mouth and nose if some of the leaves be chewed.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1658, Thomas Browne, “The Garden of Cyrus. […]. Chapter III.”, in Hydriotaphia, Urne-buriall, […] Together with The Garden of Cyrus, […], London: […] Hen[ry] Brome […], →OCLC, page 137:",
"text": "He that vvould diſcern the rudimentall ſtroak of a plant, may behold it in the Originall of Duckvveed, at the bigneſſe of a pins point, from convenient vvater in glaſſes, vvherein a vvatchfull eye may alſo diſcover the puncticular Originals of Perivvincles and Gnats.",
"type": "quote"
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],
"glosses": [
"Any of several evergreen plants of the genus Vinca with blue or white flowers."
],
"id": "en-periwinkle-en-noun-edWDhh3h",
"links": [
[
"Vinca",
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"_dis1": "59 35 6",
"sense": "Vinca",
"word": "myrtle"
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{
"_dis1": "59 35 6",
"sense": "Vinca",
"word": "vinca"
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{
"_dis1": "59 35 6",
"sense": "Vinca",
"word": "creeping myrtle"
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"_dis1": "43 57 0",
"code": "be",
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"roman": "barvjénak",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
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},
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"code": "bg",
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"roman": "zimzelen",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
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"word": "зимзелен"
},
{
"_dis1": "43 57 0",
"code": "ca",
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"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
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"word": "vinca"
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"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
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"word": "pervinca"
},
{
"_dis1": "43 57 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "蔓長春花"
},
{
"_dis1": "43 57 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "mànchángchūnhuā",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "蔓长春花"
},
{
"_dis1": "43 57 0",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "plant",
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},
{
"_dis1": "43 57 0",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "plant",
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"word": "brčál"
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"_dis1": "43 57 0",
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"sense": "plant",
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{
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"code": "fi",
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"sense": "plant",
"word": "talvio"
},
{
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"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
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"word": "pervenche"
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{
"_dis1": "43 57 0",
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"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
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"word": "cangroia"
},
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"_dis1": "43 57 0",
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"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
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],
"word": "Immergrün"
},
{
"_dis1": "43 57 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
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],
"word": "Singrün"
},
{
"_dis1": "43 57 0",
"code": "grc",
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"roman": "khamaidáphnē",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
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"word": "χαμαιδάφνη"
},
{
"_dis1": "43 57 0",
"code": "he",
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"roman": "vínka",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
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"word": "וינקה"
},
{
"_dis1": "43 57 0",
"code": "hu",
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"sense": "plant",
"word": "meténg"
},
{
"_dis1": "43 57 0",
"code": "io",
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"sense": "plant",
"word": "pervinko"
},
{
"_dis1": "43 57 0",
"code": "ga",
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"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
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],
"word": "fincín"
},
{
"_dis1": "43 57 0",
"code": "ga",
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"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
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],
"word": "bláth na faochan"
},
{
"_dis1": "43 57 0",
"code": "it",
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"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
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],
"word": "pervinca"
},
{
"_dis1": "43 57 0",
"code": "ja",
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"roman": "tsurunichinisō",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "ツルニチニチソウ"
},
{
"_dis1": "43 57 0",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "nichinichisō",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "ニチニチソウ"
},
{
"_dis1": "43 57 0",
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "qabyrşöp",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "қабыршөп"
},
{
"_dis1": "43 57 0",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
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"word": "pervinca"
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{
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"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
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],
"word": "bliuette"
},
{
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"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pèrvenche"
},
{
"_dis1": "43 57 0",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "barwinek"
},
{
"_dis1": "43 57 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pervinca"
},
{
"_dis1": "43 57 0",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "saschiu"
},
{
"_dis1": "43 57 0",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pervincă"
},
{
"_dis1": "43 57 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "barvínok",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "барви́нок"
},
{
"_dis1": "43 57 0",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "зи̏мзеле̄н"
},
{
"_dis1": "43 57 0",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "zȉmzelēn"
},
{
"_dis1": "43 57 0",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "zimzelen"
},
{
"_dis1": "43 57 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "vinca"
},
{
"_dis1": "43 57 0",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "barvínok",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "барві́нок"
},
{
"_dis1": "43 57 0",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "dừa cạn"
},
{
"_dis1": "43 57 0",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "perfagl"
}
]
},
{
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{
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"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
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},
{
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{
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{
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},
{
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{
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{
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{
"_dis": "8 23 28 11 31",
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},
{
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{
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{
"_dis": "7 23 28 12 29",
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"_dis": "7 24 29 12 29",
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"_dis": "7 23 28 11 31",
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"_dis": "9 33 40 17",
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{
"_dis": "11 34 40 15",
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"name": "Terms with Welsh translations",
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},
{
"_dis": "39 10 7 35 9",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Blues",
"orig": "en:Blues",
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"Light",
"Vision",
"Energy",
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"Nature",
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"Body",
"Fundamental"
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},
{
"_dis": "38 10 8 31 13",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Purples",
"orig": "en:Purples",
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"Colors",
"Light",
"Vision",
"Energy",
"Senses",
"Nature",
"Perception",
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"Body",
"Fundamental"
],
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}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "periwinkle:"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A color with bluish and purplish hues, somewhat light."
],
"id": "en-periwinkle-en-noun-ItBsIpM2"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɛɹ.ɪˌwɪŋ.kəl/",
"tags": [
"UK",
"US"
]
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "colour",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pervenche"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "colour",
"word": "babakék"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "colour",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pervinca"
}
],
"word": "periwinkle"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
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{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "perwinke"
},
"expansion": "Middle English perwinke",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "perfince"
},
"expansion": "Old English perfince",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "berwinke"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German berwinke",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "pervinca"
},
"expansion": "Latin pervinca",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "pervenche"
},
"expansion": "French pervenche",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "pervinca"
},
"expansion": "Italian pervinca",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Diminutive of Middle English perwinke, from Old English perfince, perwince (compare Middle High German berwinke), from Latin pervinca (compare French pervenche, Italian pervinca), of unknown origin.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more periwinkle",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most periwinkle",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "periwinkle (comparative more periwinkle, superlative most periwinkle)",
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],
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"pos": "adj",
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{
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{
"_dis": "11 33 40 15",
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},
{
"_dis": "11 34 40 15",
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"name": "Terms with Welsh translations",
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},
{
"_dis": "39 10 7 35 9",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Blues",
"orig": "en:Blues",
"parents": [
"Colors",
"Light",
"Vision",
"Energy",
"Senses",
"Nature",
"Perception",
"All topics",
"Body",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "38 10 8 31 13",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Purples",
"orig": "en:Purples",
"parents": [
"Colors",
"Light",
"Vision",
"Energy",
"Senses",
"Nature",
"Perception",
"All topics",
"Body",
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],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Of pale bluish purple colour."
],
"id": "en-periwinkle-en-adj-nDj8qMbF",
"related": [
{
"word": "vinblastine"
},
{
"word": "vincristine"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "colour",
"word": "babakék"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "colour",
"word": "pervinkea"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "colour",
"word": "pervinca"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɛɹ.ɪˌwɪŋ.kəl/",
"tags": [
"UK",
"US"
]
}
],
"word": "periwinkle"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
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{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm"
},
"expansion": "Middle English [Term?]",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "pīnewincle"
},
"expansion": "Old English pīnewincle",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "pīna",
"t": "kind of mussel"
},
"expansion": "Latin pīna (“kind of mussel”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grc",
"3": "πίνη"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek πίνη (pínē)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "wincel",
"t": "corner"
},
"expansion": "Old English wincel (“corner”)",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "vinkel",
"t": "snail shell"
},
"expansion": "Danish vinkel (“snail shell”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English [Term?], alteration of *pinewinkle (compare English dialectal pennywinkle), from Old English pīnewincle, compound of Latin pīna (“kind of mussel”), itself from Ancient Greek πίνη (pínē), variant of πίννα (pínna, “mussel”)) and Old English wincel (“corner”) (compare dialectal Danish vinkel (“snail shell”)). More at winch and wink.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "periwinkles",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "periwinkle (plural periwinkles)",
"name": "en-noun"
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],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
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{
"_dis": "7 24 29 12 29",
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"name": "Terms with Breton translations",
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{
"_dis": "6 25 30 10 29",
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{
"_dis": "8 23 28 11 31",
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{
"_dis": "7 24 29 12 29",
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"_dis": "8 23 28 10 30",
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{
"_dis": "7 24 29 12 29",
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},
{
"_dis": "7 23 28 12 30",
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},
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"_dis": "7 26 30 11 25",
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{
"_dis": "7 24 29 11 30",
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"name": "Terms with Irish translations",
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{
"_dis": "7 23 28 11 31",
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{
"_dis": "7 23 28 11 31",
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{
"_dis": "14 20 24 16 26",
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},
{
"_dis": "7 24 29 11 30",
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"parents": [],
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{
"_dis": "7 24 29 12 29",
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"name": "Terms with Norman translations",
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},
{
"_dis": "7 23 28 12 29",
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"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 24 29 12 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Romanian translations",
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{
"_dis": "7 23 28 11 31",
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"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
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},
{
"_dis": "5 24 30 9 32",
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},
{
"_dis": "38 10 8 31 13",
"kind": "topical",
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},
{
"_dis": "4 33 31 6 27",
"kind": "lifeform",
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"Plants",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 24 30 9 34",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Littorinimorphs",
"orig": "en:Littorinimorphs",
"parents": [
"Gastropods",
"Mollusks",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"taxonomic": "Littorina scutulata",
"word": "checkered periwinkle"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Littorina littorea",
"word": "common periwinkle"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Littorina obtusata",
"word": "flat periwinkle"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Turbo sarmaticus",
"word": "giant periwinkle"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Littorina saxatilis",
"word": "rough periwinkle"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2022, Paul McAuley, Beyond the Burn Line, Gollancz, page 217:",
"text": "He was working a pin into a periwinkle shell, turning it to extract the toothsome morsel of meat.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A mollusk of family Littorinidae."
],
"id": "en-periwinkle-en-noun--KEal2St",
"links": [
[
"mollusk",
"mollusk"
],
[
"Littorinidae",
"Littorinidae#Translingual"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "mollusk",
"word": "winkle"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "br",
"lang": "Breton",
"sense": "mollusc",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bigorn"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "mollusc",
"word": "濱螺"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "bīnluó",
"sense": "mollusc",
"word": "滨螺"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "mollusc",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "plážovka"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "mollusc",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "alikruik"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "mollusc",
"word": "rantakotilo"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "mollusc",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bigorneau"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "mollusc",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vigneau"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "mollusc",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vignot"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "mollusc",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bígaro"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "mollusc",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "caramuxo"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "mollusc",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "mincha"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "mollusc",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Uferschnecke"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "mollusc",
"word": "meténg"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "mollusc",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "faocha"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "mollusc",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "gioradán"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "mollusc",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "miongán"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "mollusc",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "litorina"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "mollusc",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "littorale"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "tamakibigai",
"sense": "mollusc",
"word": "タマキビガイ"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "mollusc",
"word": "ngaeti"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "mollusc",
"word": "mākerekere"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "mollusc",
"word": "matatangata"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "mollusc",
"word": "mātangata"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "mollusc",
"word": "ataata"
},
{
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "mollusc",
"tags": [
"Jersey",
"masculine"
],
"word": "v'licot"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "mollusc",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "litorina"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "mollusc",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "litorină"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "litorína",
"sense": "mollusc",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "литори́на"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "mollusc",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bigarro"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "mollusc",
"word": "bígaro"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɛɹ.ɪˌwɪŋ.kəl/",
"tags": [
"UK",
"US"
]
}
],
"word": "periwinkle"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Middle English term requests",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Breton translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Ido translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Kazakh translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Norman translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Slovene translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations",
"en:Blues",
"en:Dogbane family plants",
"en:Flowers",
"en:Littorinimorphs",
"en:Purples"
],
"derived": [
{
"taxonomic": "Vinca major",
"word": "blue periwinkle"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Vinca minor",
"word": "common periwinkle"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Vinca major",
"word": "bigleaf periwinkle"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Vinca major",
"word": "greater periwinkle"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Vinca herbacea",
"word": "herbaceous periwinkle"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Vinca major",
"word": "large periwinkle"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Catharanthus roseus",
"word": "Madagascar periwinkle"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Catharanthus roseus",
"word": "rose periwinkle rosy periwinkle"
},
{
"word": "periwinkled"
},
{
"word": "periwinkling"
},
{
"word": "periwinkler"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "perwinke"
},
"expansion": "Middle English perwinke",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "perfince"
},
"expansion": "Old English perfince",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "berwinke"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German berwinke",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "pervinca"
},
"expansion": "Latin pervinca",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "pervenche"
},
"expansion": "French pervenche",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "pervinca"
},
"expansion": "Italian pervinca",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Diminutive of Middle English perwinke, from Old English perfince, perwince (compare Middle High German berwinke), from Latin pervinca (compare French pervenche, Italian pervinca), of unknown origin.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "periwinkles",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "periwinkle (plural periwinkles)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1652, Nich[olas] Culpeper, The English Physitian: Or An Astrologo-physical Discourse of the Vulgar Herbs of This Nation. […], London: […] Peter Cole, […], →OCLC:",
"text": "The Periwinkle is a great binder, staying bleeding both at mouth and nose if some of the leaves be chewed.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1658, Thomas Browne, “The Garden of Cyrus. […]. Chapter III.”, in Hydriotaphia, Urne-buriall, […] Together with The Garden of Cyrus, […], London: […] Hen[ry] Brome […], →OCLC, page 137:",
"text": "He that vvould diſcern the rudimentall ſtroak of a plant, may behold it in the Originall of Duckvveed, at the bigneſſe of a pins point, from convenient vvater in glaſſes, vvherein a vvatchfull eye may alſo diſcover the puncticular Originals of Perivvincles and Gnats.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any of several evergreen plants of the genus Vinca with blue or white flowers."
],
"links": [
[
"Vinca",
"Vinca#Translingual"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Similar plants of genus Catharanthus."
],
"links": [
[
"Catharanthus",
"Catharanthus#Translingual"
]
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "periwinkle:"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A color with bluish and purplish hues, somewhat light."
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɛɹ.ɪˌwɪŋ.kəl/",
"tags": [
"UK",
"US"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "Vinca",
"word": "myrtle"
},
{
"sense": "Vinca",
"word": "vinca"
},
{
"sense": "Vinca",
"word": "creeping myrtle"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "barvjénak",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "барве́нак"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "zimzelen",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "зимзелен"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "vinca"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pervinca"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "蔓長春花"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "mànchángchūnhuā",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "蔓长春花"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "barvínek"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "brčál"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "vinko"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "talvio"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pervenche"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cangroia"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Immergrün"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Singrün"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "khamaidáphnē",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "χαμαιδάφνη"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "vínka",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "וינקה"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "meténg"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "pervinko"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "fincín"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bláth na faochan"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pervinca"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "tsurunichinisō",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "ツルニチニチソウ"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "nichinichisō",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "ニチニチソウ"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "qabyrşöp",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "қабыршөп"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pervinca"
},
{
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bliuette"
},
{
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pèrvenche"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "barwinek"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pervinca"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "saschiu"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pervincă"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "barvínok",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "барви́нок"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "зи̏мзеле̄н"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "zȉmzelēn"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "zimzelen"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "vinca"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "barvínok",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "барві́нок"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "dừa cạn"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "perfagl"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "colour",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pervenche"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "colour",
"word": "babakék"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "colour",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pervinca"
}
],
"word": "periwinkle"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Middle English term requests",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Breton translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Ido translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Kazakh translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Norman translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Slovene translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations",
"en:Blues",
"en:Dogbane family plants",
"en:Flowers",
"en:Littorinimorphs",
"en:Purples"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "perwinke"
},
"expansion": "Middle English perwinke",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "perfince"
},
"expansion": "Old English perfince",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "berwinke"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German berwinke",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "pervinca"
},
"expansion": "Latin pervinca",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "pervenche"
},
"expansion": "French pervenche",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "pervinca"
},
"expansion": "Italian pervinca",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Diminutive of Middle English perwinke, from Old English perfince, perwince (compare Middle High German berwinke), from Latin pervinca (compare French pervenche, Italian pervinca), of unknown origin.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more periwinkle",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most periwinkle",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "periwinkle (comparative more periwinkle, superlative most periwinkle)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"word": "vinblastine"
},
{
"word": "vincristine"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Of pale bluish purple colour."
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɛɹ.ɪˌwɪŋ.kəl/",
"tags": [
"UK",
"US"
]
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "colour",
"word": "babakék"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "colour",
"word": "pervinkea"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "colour",
"word": "pervinca"
}
],
"word": "periwinkle"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Middle English term requests",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Terms with Breton translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Norman translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"en:Blues",
"en:Dogbane family plants",
"en:Flowers",
"en:Littorinimorphs",
"en:Purples"
],
"derived": [
{
"taxonomic": "Littorina scutulata",
"word": "checkered periwinkle"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Littorina littorea",
"word": "common periwinkle"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Littorina obtusata",
"word": "flat periwinkle"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Turbo sarmaticus",
"word": "giant periwinkle"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Littorina saxatilis",
"word": "rough periwinkle"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm"
},
"expansion": "Middle English [Term?]",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "pīnewincle"
},
"expansion": "Old English pīnewincle",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "pīna",
"t": "kind of mussel"
},
"expansion": "Latin pīna (“kind of mussel”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grc",
"3": "πίνη"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek πίνη (pínē)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "wincel",
"t": "corner"
},
"expansion": "Old English wincel (“corner”)",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "vinkel",
"t": "snail shell"
},
"expansion": "Danish vinkel (“snail shell”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English [Term?], alteration of *pinewinkle (compare English dialectal pennywinkle), from Old English pīnewincle, compound of Latin pīna (“kind of mussel”), itself from Ancient Greek πίνη (pínē), variant of πίννα (pínna, “mussel”)) and Old English wincel (“corner”) (compare dialectal Danish vinkel (“snail shell”)). More at winch and wink.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "periwinkles",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "periwinkle (plural periwinkles)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2022, Paul McAuley, Beyond the Burn Line, Gollancz, page 217:",
"text": "He was working a pin into a periwinkle shell, turning it to extract the toothsome morsel of meat.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A mollusk of family Littorinidae."
],
"links": [
[
"mollusk",
"mollusk"
],
[
"Littorinidae",
"Littorinidae#Translingual"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɛɹ.ɪˌwɪŋ.kəl/",
"tags": [
"UK",
"US"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "mollusk",
"word": "winkle"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "br",
"lang": "Breton",
"sense": "mollusc",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bigorn"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "mollusc",
"word": "濱螺"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "bīnluó",
"sense": "mollusc",
"word": "滨螺"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "mollusc",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "plážovka"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "mollusc",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "alikruik"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "mollusc",
"word": "rantakotilo"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "mollusc",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bigorneau"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "mollusc",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vigneau"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "mollusc",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vignot"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "mollusc",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bígaro"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "mollusc",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "caramuxo"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "mollusc",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "mincha"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "mollusc",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Uferschnecke"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "mollusc",
"word": "meténg"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "mollusc",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "faocha"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "mollusc",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "gioradán"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "mollusc",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "miongán"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "mollusc",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "litorina"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "mollusc",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "littorale"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "tamakibigai",
"sense": "mollusc",
"word": "タマキビガイ"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "mollusc",
"word": "ngaeti"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "mollusc",
"word": "mākerekere"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "mollusc",
"word": "matatangata"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "mollusc",
"word": "mātangata"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "mollusc",
"word": "ataata"
},
{
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "mollusc",
"tags": [
"Jersey",
"masculine"
],
"word": "v'licot"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "mollusc",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "litorina"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "mollusc",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "litorină"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "litorína",
"sense": "mollusc",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "литори́на"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "mollusc",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bigarro"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "mollusc",
"word": "bígaro"
}
],
"word": "periwinkle"
}
Download raw JSONL data for periwinkle meaning in English (18.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.