See ostracism in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "ostracize"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
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}
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{
"args": {
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"2": "grc",
"3": "ὀστρακισμός",
"4": "",
"5": "banishment by means of voting with pot shards"
},
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"name": "lbor"
}
],
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"tags": [
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},
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"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "send to Coventry"
}
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"_dis": "77 6 17",
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{
"_dis": "76 6 18",
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{
"_dis": "78 6 17",
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{
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{
"_dis": "76 6 18",
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{
"_dis": "73 9 19",
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{
"_dis": "76 6 18",
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{
"_dis": "74 7 19",
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{
"_dis": "77 6 17",
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{
"_dis": "76 6 18",
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"_dis": "69 7 24",
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{
"_dis": "74 6 20",
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{
"_dis": "76 6 18",
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{
"ref": "1579, Thomas North, Plutarch's Lives, volume 2, translation of original by Plutarch, published 1898, Themistocles, page 35:",
"text": "For this manner of banishment for a time, called ostracismos, was no punishment for any fault committed, but a mitigation and taking away of the envy of the people, which delighted to pluck down their stomacks that too much seemed to exceed in greatness: […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1588, Robert Greene, Perimedes the Blacke-smith. […], London: Printed by Iohn Wolfe, for Edward White, →OCLC; republished as J[ohn] Payne Collier, editor, Perimedes the Blacke-smith (Miscellaneous Tracts Temp. Eliz. & Jac. I), [London: s.n., 1867?], →OCLC, page 13:",
"text": "Take the ſweete herbe called pleaſant content; with that make a perfume about your bed chamber and where you dyne: the ſavour of this is as ſure a repulſe to exile melancholie, as the oſtracisme was to the noble of Athens.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1603, Michel de Montaigne, chapter 32, in John Florio, transl., The Essayes […], book II, London: […] Val[entine] Simmes for Edward Blount […], →OCLC:",
"text": "Witnesse the Ostracisme amongst the Athenians, and the Petalisme among the Siracusans.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
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"In ancient Athens (and some other cities), the temporary banishment by popular vote of a citizen considered dangerous to the state."
],
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"(historical) In ancient Athens (and some other cities), the temporary banishment by popular vote of a citizen considered dangerous to the state."
],
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],
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{
"_dis1": "76 9 15",
"code": "ast",
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"sense": "in ancient Greece, the temporary banishment by popular vote",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
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"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "in ancient Greece, the temporary banishment by popular vote",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ostracisme"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 9 15",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "táopiàn fàngzhúzhì",
"sense": "in ancient Greece, the temporary banishment by popular vote",
"word": "陶片放逐制"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 9 15",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "in ancient Greece, the temporary banishment by popular vote",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ostracisme"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 9 15",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "in ancient Greece, the temporary banishment by popular vote",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "schervengericht"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 9 15",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "in ancient Greece, the temporary banishment by popular vote",
"word": "ostrakismos"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 9 15",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "in ancient Greece, the temporary banishment by popular vote",
"word": "ostrakismi"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 9 15",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "in ancient Greece, the temporary banishment by popular vote",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ostracisme"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 9 15",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "in ancient Greece, the temporary banishment by popular vote",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ostracismo"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 9 15",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "in ancient Greece, the temporary banishment by popular vote",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Scherbengericht"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 9 15",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "in ancient Greece, the temporary banishment by popular vote",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ostracismo"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 9 15",
"alt": "とうへんついほう",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "tōhentsuihō",
"sense": "in ancient Greece, the temporary banishment by popular vote",
"word": "陶片追放"
},
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"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "in ancient Greece, the temporary banishment by popular vote",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ostracyzm"
},
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"code": "pt",
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"tags": [
"masculine"
],
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],
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"masculine"
],
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"word": "ostracism"
},
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"code": "uk",
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"roman": "ostrakizm",
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"masculine"
],
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}
]
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{
"ref": "1602–1603, Lady Arbella Stuart, edited by Sara Jayne Steen, The Letters of Lady Arbella Stuart, New York, N.Y.: Oxford University Press, published 1994, page 171:",
"text": "If I have deserved the land should spue me out, I will feed my selfe with the idle and windy conceite of an Ostracisme, and my unregarded poore selfe shall be all the richesse and commpany I crave to transport and if a Princes word […]",
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}
],
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],
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[
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"(figuratively) Banishment by some general consent."
],
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"Temporary exclusion from a community or society."
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[
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],
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{
"_dis1": "4 3 93",
"sense": "exclusion",
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{
"_dis1": "4 3 93",
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{
"_dis1": "4 3 93",
"sense": "exclusion",
"word": "petalism"
}
],
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{
"_dis1": "18 27 56",
"code": "ast",
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"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ostracismu"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 27 56",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "otlǎčvane",
"sense": "banishment, exclusion from community",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "отлъчване"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 27 56",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "banishment, exclusion from community",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ostracisme"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 27 56",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "fàngzhú",
"sense": "banishment, exclusion from community",
"word": "放逐"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 27 56",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "banishment, exclusion from community",
"word": "ostracisme"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 27 56",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "banishment, exclusion from community",
"word": "banning"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 27 56",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "banishment, exclusion from community",
"word": "uitsluiting"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 27 56",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "banishment, exclusion from community",
"word": "verbanning"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 27 56",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "banishment, exclusion from community",
"word": "verwijdering"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 27 56",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "banishment, exclusion from community",
"word": "eristäminen"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 27 56",
"code": "fr",
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"sense": "banishment, exclusion from community",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ostracisme"
},
{
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"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "banishment, exclusion from community",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ostracismo"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 27 56",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "banishment, exclusion from community",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Ächtung"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 27 56",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "banishment, exclusion from community",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Ausgrenzung"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 27 56",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "banishment, exclusion from community",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "útskúfun"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 27 56",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "banishment, exclusion from community",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ostracismo"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 27 56",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "murahachibu",
"sense": "banishment, exclusion from community",
"word": "村八分"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 27 56",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "banishment, exclusion from community",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ostracyzm"
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{
"_dis1": "18 27 56",
"code": "pt",
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"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ostracismo"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 27 56",
"code": "ro",
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"sense": "banishment, exclusion from community",
"word": "ostracism"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 27 56",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
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"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "остраки́зм"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 27 56",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "izgnánije",
"sense": "banishment, exclusion from community",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "изгна́ние"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 27 56",
"code": "es",
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"sense": "banishment, exclusion from community",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ostracismo"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 27 56",
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"english": "socially",
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"sense": "banishment, exclusion from community",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "utfrysning"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 27 56",
"code": "sv",
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"sense": "banishment, exclusion from community",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "uteslutning"
},
{
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"code": "uk",
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"masculine"
],
"word": "остракізм"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 27 56",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "vyhnannja",
"sense": "banishment, exclusion from community",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "вигнання"
}
]
}
],
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"tags": [
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}
],
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{
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"English uncountable nouns",
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"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
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"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
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"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Icelandic translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "ostracize"
},
{
"word": "ostracise"
}
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"4": "",
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"expansion": "Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek ὀστρακισμός (ostrakismós, “banishment by means of voting with pot shards”)",
"name": "lbor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek ὀστρακισμός (ostrakismós, “banishment by means of voting with pot shards”), from ὀστρακίζω (ostrakízō, “ostracize”) + -ισμός (-ismós, “-ism”), from ὄστρακον (óstrakon, “clay pot”).",
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{
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"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "send to Coventry"
}
],
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{
"categories": [
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"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1579, Thomas North, Plutarch's Lives, volume 2, translation of original by Plutarch, published 1898, Themistocles, page 35:",
"text": "For this manner of banishment for a time, called ostracismos, was no punishment for any fault committed, but a mitigation and taking away of the envy of the people, which delighted to pluck down their stomacks that too much seemed to exceed in greatness: […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1588, Robert Greene, Perimedes the Blacke-smith. […], London: Printed by Iohn Wolfe, for Edward White, →OCLC; republished as J[ohn] Payne Collier, editor, Perimedes the Blacke-smith (Miscellaneous Tracts Temp. Eliz. & Jac. I), [London: s.n., 1867?], →OCLC, page 13:",
"text": "Take the ſweete herbe called pleaſant content; with that make a perfume about your bed chamber and where you dyne: the ſavour of this is as ſure a repulſe to exile melancholie, as the oſtracisme was to the noble of Athens.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1603, Michel de Montaigne, chapter 32, in John Florio, transl., The Essayes […], book II, London: […] Val[entine] Simmes for Edward Blount […], →OCLC:",
"text": "Witnesse the Ostracisme amongst the Athenians, and the Petalisme among the Siracusans.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"In ancient Athens (and some other cities), the temporary banishment by popular vote of a citizen considered dangerous to the state."
],
"links": [
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[
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[
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"popular"
],
[
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],
[
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],
[
"dangerous",
"dangerous"
],
[
"state",
"state"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) In ancient Athens (and some other cities), the temporary banishment by popular vote of a citizen considered dangerous to the state."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"historical",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
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{
"ref": "1602–1603, Lady Arbella Stuart, edited by Sara Jayne Steen, The Letters of Lady Arbella Stuart, New York, N.Y.: Oxford University Press, published 1994, page 171:",
"text": "If I have deserved the land should spue me out, I will feed my selfe with the idle and windy conceite of an Ostracisme, and my unregarded poore selfe shall be all the richesse and commpany I crave to transport and if a Princes word […]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Banishment by some general consent."
],
"links": [
[
"Banishment",
"banishment"
],
[
"consent",
"consent"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) Banishment by some general consent."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"figuratively",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Temporary exclusion from a community or society."
],
"links": [
[
"exclusion",
"exclusion"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɒstɹəsɪz(ə)m/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "exclusion",
"word": "ostracization"
},
{
"sense": "exclusion",
"word": "shunning"
},
{
"sense": "exclusion",
"word": "petalism"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "in ancient Greece, the temporary banishment by popular vote",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ostracismu"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "in ancient Greece, the temporary banishment by popular vote",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ostracisme"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "táopiàn fàngzhúzhì",
"sense": "in ancient Greece, the temporary banishment by popular vote",
"word": "陶片放逐制"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "in ancient Greece, the temporary banishment by popular vote",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ostracisme"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "in ancient Greece, the temporary banishment by popular vote",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "schervengericht"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "in ancient Greece, the temporary banishment by popular vote",
"word": "ostrakismos"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "in ancient Greece, the temporary banishment by popular vote",
"word": "ostrakismi"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "in ancient Greece, the temporary banishment by popular vote",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ostracisme"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "in ancient Greece, the temporary banishment by popular vote",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ostracismo"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "in ancient Greece, the temporary banishment by popular vote",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Scherbengericht"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "in ancient Greece, the temporary banishment by popular vote",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ostracismo"
},
{
"alt": "とうへんついほう",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "tōhentsuihō",
"sense": "in ancient Greece, the temporary banishment by popular vote",
"word": "陶片追放"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "in ancient Greece, the temporary banishment by popular vote",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ostracyzm"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "in ancient Greece, the temporary banishment by popular vote",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ostracismo"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ostrakízm",
"sense": "in ancient Greece, the temporary banishment by popular vote",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "остраки́зм"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "in ancient Greece, the temporary banishment by popular vote",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ostracismo"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "in ancient Greece, the temporary banishment by popular vote",
"word": "ostracism"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "ostrakizm",
"sense": "in ancient Greece, the temporary banishment by popular vote",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "остракізм"
},
{
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "banishment, exclusion from community",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ostracismu"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "otlǎčvane",
"sense": "banishment, exclusion from community",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "отлъчване"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "banishment, exclusion from community",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ostracisme"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "fàngzhú",
"sense": "banishment, exclusion from community",
"word": "放逐"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "banishment, exclusion from community",
"word": "ostracisme"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "banishment, exclusion from community",
"word": "banning"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "banishment, exclusion from community",
"word": "uitsluiting"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "banishment, exclusion from community",
"word": "verbanning"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "banishment, exclusion from community",
"word": "verwijdering"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "banishment, exclusion from community",
"word": "eristäminen"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "banishment, exclusion from community",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ostracisme"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "banishment, exclusion from community",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ostracismo"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "banishment, exclusion from community",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Ächtung"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "banishment, exclusion from community",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Ausgrenzung"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "banishment, exclusion from community",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "útskúfun"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "banishment, exclusion from community",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ostracismo"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "murahachibu",
"sense": "banishment, exclusion from community",
"word": "村八分"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "banishment, exclusion from community",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ostracyzm"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "banishment, exclusion from community",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ostracismo"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "banishment, exclusion from community",
"word": "ostracism"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ostrakízm",
"sense": "banishment, exclusion from community",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "остраки́зм"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "izgnánije",
"sense": "banishment, exclusion from community",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "изгна́ние"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "banishment, exclusion from community",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ostracismo"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"english": "socially",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "banishment, exclusion from community",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "utfrysning"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "banishment, exclusion from community",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "uteslutning"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "ostrakizm",
"sense": "banishment, exclusion from community",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "остракізм"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "vyhnannja",
"sense": "banishment, exclusion from community",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "вигнання"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"ostracism"
],
"word": "ostracism"
}
Download raw JSONL data for ostracism meaning in English (11.1kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.