See monolayer in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "heteromonolayer"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "intermonolayer"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "monolayerlike"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "submonolayer"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "transmonolayer"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*men-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/men-#Proto-Indo-European:_small"
],
[
"*mónwos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Hellenic/mónwos"
],
[
"μόνος",
"μόνος#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"μονο-",
"μονο-#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"mono-",
"mono-#English"
],
[
"*legʰ-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/legʰ-"
],
[
"*-yeti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-yeti#Proto-Indo-European:_forming_verbs"
],
[
"*-éyeti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-éyeti"
],
[
"*logʰéyeti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/logʰéyeti"
],
[
"*lagjaną",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/lagjaną"
],
[
"*laggjan",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/laggjan"
],
[
"leċġan",
"lecgan#Old_English"
],
[
"leyen",
"leyen#Middle_English"
],
[
"lay",
"lay#English:_place"
],
[
"*-eh₂",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-eh₂"
],
[
"*-os",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-os#Proto-Indo-European:_athematic"
],
[
"*-yós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-yós#Proto-Indo-European:_suffix"
],
[
"*-āsios",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-āsios#Proto-Italic:_adjective"
],
[
"-ārius",
"-arius#Latin:_adjective"
],
[
"-ārius",
"-arius#Latin:_agent_noun"
],
[
"*-ārijaz",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/-ārijaz#Proto-Germanic:_noun"
],
[
"*-ārī",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/-ārī#Proto-West_Germanic:_agent_suffix"
],
[
"-ere",
"-ere#Old_English:_agent_suffix"
],
[
"-ere",
"-ere#Middle_English:_agent_suffix"
],
[
"-ārius",
"-arius#Latin:_agent_noun"
],
[
"-ier",
"-ier#Old_French:_nouns"
],
[
"-er",
"-er#Middle_English:_agentive"
],
[
"-er",
"-er#English:_agent_suffix"
],
[
"layer",
"layer#English"
],
[
"mono-",
"mono-#English"
],
[
"layer",
"layer#English"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":af",
"3": "mono-",
"4": "layer",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *men-der.\nProto-Hellenic *mónwos\nAncient Greek μόνος (mónos)\nAncient Greek μονο- (mono-)der.\nEnglish mono-\nProto-Indo-European *legʰ-\nProto-Indo-European *-yeti\nProto-Indo-European *-éyeti\nProto-Indo-European *logʰéyeti\nProto-Germanic *lagjaną\nProto-West Germanic *laggjan\nOld English leċġan\nMiddle English leyen\nEnglish lay\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-os?\nProto-Indo-European *-o-\nProto-Indo-European *-so-\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂so-\nProto-Indo-European *-yós\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂s(i)yós\nProto-Italic *-āsijos\nProto-Italic *-āsios\nLatin -āriusnom.\nLatin -āriusbor.\nProto-Germanic *-ārijaz\nProto-West Germanic *-ārī\nOld English -ere\nMiddle English -ere\n▲\nLatin -ārius\nOld French -ierbor.\nMiddle English -er\nEnglish -er\nEnglish layer\nEnglish monolayer\n[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"small\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*men-\", \"gloss\" : \"small\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Hellenic\", \"term\" : \"*mónwos\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"grk-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"μόνος\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"μονο-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"mono-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"place\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*legʰ-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"forming verbs\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yeti\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-éyeti\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*logʰéyeti\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*lagjaną\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*laggjan\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"leċġan\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"leyen\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"lay\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"id\" : \"agent suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agent suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agent suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agent suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"noun\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agent noun\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"nom.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Nominalization of\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjective\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjective\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-āsijos\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-eh₂s(i)yós\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-eh₂so-\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-eh₂\", \"status\" : \"ambiguous\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"alt\" : \"*-so-\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"id\" : \"athematic\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-os\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"alt\" : \"*-o-\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"suffix\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-āsios\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ārius\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"nominalization\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ārius\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-ārijaz\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-ārī\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"-ere\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-ere\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" }, { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agentive\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"nouns\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"id\" : \"agent noun\", \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"la\", \"2\" : \":nom\", \"3\" : \"-ārius<id:adjective>\", \"id\" : \"agent noun\", \"title\" : \"-ārius\", \"pos\" : \"suffix\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ārius\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"-ier\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-er\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-er\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"layer\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"monolayer\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"monolayer\">\nFrom mono- + layer.",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":af",
"3": "mono-",
"4": "layer",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *men-der.\nProto-Hellenic *mónwos\nAncient Greek μόνος (mónos)\nAncient Greek μονο- (mono-)der.\nEnglish mono-\nProto-Indo-European *legʰ-\nProto-Indo-European *-yeti\nProto-Indo-European *-éyeti\nProto-Indo-European *logʰéyeti\nProto-Germanic *lagjaną\nProto-West Germanic *laggjan\nOld English leċġan\nMiddle English leyen\nEnglish lay\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-os?\nProto-Indo-European *-o-\nProto-Indo-European *-so-\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂so-\nProto-Indo-European *-yós\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂s(i)yós\nProto-Italic *-āsijos\nProto-Italic *-āsios\nLatin -āriusnom.\nLatin -āriusbor.\nProto-Germanic *-ārijaz\nProto-West Germanic *-ārī\nOld English -ere\nMiddle English -ere\n▲\nLatin -ārius\nOld French -ierbor.\nMiddle English -er\nEnglish -er\nEnglish layer\nEnglish monolayer\nFrom mono- + layer.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *men-der.\nProto-Hellenic *mónwos\nAncient Greek μόνος (mónos)\nAncient Greek μονο- (mono-)der.\nEnglish mono-\nProto-Indo-European *legʰ-\nProto-Indo-European *-yeti\nProto-Indo-European *-éyeti\nProto-Indo-European *logʰéyeti\nProto-Germanic *lagjaną\nProto-West Germanic *laggjan\nOld English leċġan\nMiddle English leyen\nEnglish lay\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-os?\nProto-Indo-European *-o-\nProto-Indo-European *-so-\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂so-\nProto-Indo-European *-yós\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂s(i)yós\nProto-Italic *-āsijos\nProto-Italic *-āsios\nLatin -āriusnom.\nLatin -āriusbor.\nProto-Germanic *-ārijaz\nProto-West Germanic *-ārī\nOld English -ere\nMiddle English -ere\n▲\nLatin -ārius\nOld French -ierbor.\nMiddle English -er\nEnglish -er\nEnglish layer\nEnglish monolayer\nFrom mono- + layer.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "monolayers",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "monolayer (plural monolayers)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Chemistry",
"orig": "en:Chemistry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "46 54",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms prefixed with mono-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "46 54",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
18,
27
]
],
"ref": "2016, Yuanfeng Xu, Bo Peng, Hao Zhang, Hezhu Shao, Rongjun Zhang, Hongliang Lu, David Wei Zhang, Heyuan Zhu, “First-principle calculations of phononic, electronic and optical properties of monolayer arsenene and antimonene allotropes”, in arXiv:",
"text": "Recently a stable monolayer of antimony in buckled honeycomb structure called antimonene was successfully grown on 3D topological insulator Bi#95;2Te#95;3 and Sb#95;2Te#95;3, which displays semiconducting properties.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A layer of material that is one molecule thick"
],
"id": "en-monolayer-en-noun-HCxz75LL",
"links": [
[
"chemistry",
"chemistry"
],
[
"layer",
"layer"
],
[
"molecule",
"molecule"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chemistry) A layer of material that is one molecule thick"
],
"topics": [
"chemistry",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Biology",
"orig": "en:Biology",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "40 60",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries referencing pages with etymology sections missing etymons",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "40 60",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "40 60",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 61",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "46 54",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms prefixed with mono-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "46 54",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A layer of tissue that is one cell thick"
],
"id": "en-monolayer-en-noun-exCbZxss",
"links": [
[
"biology",
"biology"
],
[
"tissue",
"tissue"
],
[
"cell",
"cell"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(biology) A layer of tissue that is one cell thick"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences"
]
}
],
"word": "monolayer"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries referencing pages with etymology sections missing etymons",
"English entries with etymology texts",
"English entries with etymology trees",
"English entries with etymon",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *legʰ-",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *men- (small)",
"English terms prefixed with mono-",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "heteromonolayer"
},
{
"word": "intermonolayer"
},
{
"word": "monolayerlike"
},
{
"word": "submonolayer"
},
{
"word": "transmonolayer"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*men-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/men-#Proto-Indo-European:_small"
],
[
"*mónwos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Hellenic/mónwos"
],
[
"μόνος",
"μόνος#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"μονο-",
"μονο-#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"mono-",
"mono-#English"
],
[
"*legʰ-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/legʰ-"
],
[
"*-yeti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-yeti#Proto-Indo-European:_forming_verbs"
],
[
"*-éyeti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-éyeti"
],
[
"*logʰéyeti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/logʰéyeti"
],
[
"*lagjaną",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/lagjaną"
],
[
"*laggjan",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/laggjan"
],
[
"leċġan",
"lecgan#Old_English"
],
[
"leyen",
"leyen#Middle_English"
],
[
"lay",
"lay#English:_place"
],
[
"*-eh₂",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-eh₂"
],
[
"*-os",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-os#Proto-Indo-European:_athematic"
],
[
"*-yós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-yós#Proto-Indo-European:_suffix"
],
[
"*-āsios",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-āsios#Proto-Italic:_adjective"
],
[
"-ārius",
"-arius#Latin:_adjective"
],
[
"-ārius",
"-arius#Latin:_agent_noun"
],
[
"*-ārijaz",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/-ārijaz#Proto-Germanic:_noun"
],
[
"*-ārī",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/-ārī#Proto-West_Germanic:_agent_suffix"
],
[
"-ere",
"-ere#Old_English:_agent_suffix"
],
[
"-ere",
"-ere#Middle_English:_agent_suffix"
],
[
"-ārius",
"-arius#Latin:_agent_noun"
],
[
"-ier",
"-ier#Old_French:_nouns"
],
[
"-er",
"-er#Middle_English:_agentive"
],
[
"-er",
"-er#English:_agent_suffix"
],
[
"layer",
"layer#English"
],
[
"mono-",
"mono-#English"
],
[
"layer",
"layer#English"
]
],
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{
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"2": ":af",
"3": "mono-",
"4": "layer",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *men-der.\nProto-Hellenic *mónwos\nAncient Greek μόνος (mónos)\nAncient Greek μονο- (mono-)der.\nEnglish mono-\nProto-Indo-European *legʰ-\nProto-Indo-European *-yeti\nProto-Indo-European *-éyeti\nProto-Indo-European *logʰéyeti\nProto-Germanic *lagjaną\nProto-West Germanic *laggjan\nOld English leċġan\nMiddle English leyen\nEnglish lay\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-os?\nProto-Indo-European *-o-\nProto-Indo-European *-so-\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂so-\nProto-Indo-European *-yós\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂s(i)yós\nProto-Italic *-āsijos\nProto-Italic *-āsios\nLatin -āriusnom.\nLatin -āriusbor.\nProto-Germanic *-ārijaz\nProto-West Germanic *-ārī\nOld English -ere\nMiddle English -ere\n▲\nLatin -ārius\nOld French -ierbor.\nMiddle English -er\nEnglish -er\nEnglish layer\nEnglish monolayer\n[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"small\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*men-\", \"gloss\" : \"small\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Hellenic\", \"term\" : \"*mónwos\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"grk-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"μόνος\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"μονο-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"mono-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"place\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*legʰ-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"forming verbs\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yeti\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-éyeti\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*logʰéyeti\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*lagjaną\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*laggjan\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"leċġan\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"leyen\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"lay\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"id\" : \"agent suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agent suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agent suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agent suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"noun\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agent noun\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"nom.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Nominalization of\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjective\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjective\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-āsijos\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-eh₂s(i)yós\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-eh₂so-\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-eh₂\", \"status\" : \"ambiguous\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"alt\" : \"*-so-\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"id\" : \"athematic\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-os\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"alt\" : \"*-o-\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"suffix\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-āsios\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ārius\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"nominalization\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ārius\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-ārijaz\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-ārī\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"-ere\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-ere\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" }, { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agentive\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"nouns\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"id\" : \"agent noun\", \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"la\", \"2\" : \":nom\", \"3\" : \"-ārius<id:adjective>\", \"id\" : \"agent noun\", \"title\" : \"-ārius\", \"pos\" : \"suffix\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ārius\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"-ier\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-er\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-er\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"layer\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"monolayer\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"monolayer\">\nFrom mono- + layer.",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":af",
"3": "mono-",
"4": "layer",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *men-der.\nProto-Hellenic *mónwos\nAncient Greek μόνος (mónos)\nAncient Greek μονο- (mono-)der.\nEnglish mono-\nProto-Indo-European *legʰ-\nProto-Indo-European *-yeti\nProto-Indo-European *-éyeti\nProto-Indo-European *logʰéyeti\nProto-Germanic *lagjaną\nProto-West Germanic *laggjan\nOld English leċġan\nMiddle English leyen\nEnglish lay\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-os?\nProto-Indo-European *-o-\nProto-Indo-European *-so-\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂so-\nProto-Indo-European *-yós\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂s(i)yós\nProto-Italic *-āsijos\nProto-Italic *-āsios\nLatin -āriusnom.\nLatin -āriusbor.\nProto-Germanic *-ārijaz\nProto-West Germanic *-ārī\nOld English -ere\nMiddle English -ere\n▲\nLatin -ārius\nOld French -ierbor.\nMiddle English -er\nEnglish -er\nEnglish layer\nEnglish monolayer\nFrom mono- + layer.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *men-der.\nProto-Hellenic *mónwos\nAncient Greek μόνος (mónos)\nAncient Greek μονο- (mono-)der.\nEnglish mono-\nProto-Indo-European *legʰ-\nProto-Indo-European *-yeti\nProto-Indo-European *-éyeti\nProto-Indo-European *logʰéyeti\nProto-Germanic *lagjaną\nProto-West Germanic *laggjan\nOld English leċġan\nMiddle English leyen\nEnglish lay\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-os?\nProto-Indo-European *-o-\nProto-Indo-European *-so-\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂so-\nProto-Indo-European *-yós\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂s(i)yós\nProto-Italic *-āsijos\nProto-Italic *-āsios\nLatin -āriusnom.\nLatin -āriusbor.\nProto-Germanic *-ārijaz\nProto-West Germanic *-ārī\nOld English -ere\nMiddle English -ere\n▲\nLatin -ārius\nOld French -ierbor.\nMiddle English -er\nEnglish -er\nEnglish layer\nEnglish monolayer\nFrom mono- + layer.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "monolayers",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "monolayer (plural monolayers)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Chemistry"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
18,
27
]
],
"ref": "2016, Yuanfeng Xu, Bo Peng, Hao Zhang, Hezhu Shao, Rongjun Zhang, Hongliang Lu, David Wei Zhang, Heyuan Zhu, “First-principle calculations of phononic, electronic and optical properties of monolayer arsenene and antimonene allotropes”, in arXiv:",
"text": "Recently a stable monolayer of antimony in buckled honeycomb structure called antimonene was successfully grown on 3D topological insulator Bi#95;2Te#95;3 and Sb#95;2Te#95;3, which displays semiconducting properties.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A layer of material that is one molecule thick"
],
"links": [
[
"chemistry",
"chemistry"
],
[
"layer",
"layer"
],
[
"molecule",
"molecule"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chemistry) A layer of material that is one molecule thick"
],
"topics": [
"chemistry",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Biology"
],
"glosses": [
"A layer of tissue that is one cell thick"
],
"links": [
[
"biology",
"biology"
],
[
"tissue",
"tissue"
],
[
"cell",
"cell"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(biology) A layer of tissue that is one cell thick"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences"
]
}
],
"word": "monolayer"
}
Download raw JSONL data for monolayer meaning in English (14.1kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-10-30 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-10-01 using wiktextract (19f9a30 and 6f96ddf). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.