"forcing" meaning in English

See forcing in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

IPA: /ˈfɔː(ɹ).sɪŋ/ [UK], /ˈfɔɹ.sɪŋ/ [US] Audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Persent101-forcing.wav
Rhymes: -ɔː(ɹ)sɪŋ Etymology: By surface analysis, force + -ing. Etymology templates: {{surf|en|force|-ing}} By surface analysis, force + -ing Head templates: {{en-adj|-}} forcing (not comparable)
  1. (bridge) Pertaining to a bid which requires partner to continue bidding rather than pass. Tags: not-comparable Categories (topical): Bridge
    Sense id: en-forcing-en-adj-1~hDToX2 Topics: bridge, games

Noun

IPA: /ˈfɔː(ɹ).sɪŋ/ [UK], /ˈfɔɹ.sɪŋ/ [US] Audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Persent101-forcing.wav Forms: forcings [plural]
Rhymes: -ɔː(ɹ)sɪŋ Etymology: By surface analysis, force + -ing. Etymology templates: {{surf|en|force|-ing}} By surface analysis, force + -ing Head templates: {{en-noun|~}} forcing (countable and uncountable, plural forcings)
  1. (horticulture) The art of raising plants at an earlier season than is normal, especially by using a hotbed Tags: countable, uncountable Categories (topical): Horticulture Translations (horticulture: the art of raising plants at an earlier season than is normal): hyötö (Finnish), Treiberei [feminine] (German), luathbhorradh [masculine] (Irish), fórsáil [feminine] (Irish)
    Sense id: en-forcing-en-noun-oYAXiRro Topics: agriculture, business, horticulture, lifestyle Disambiguation of 'horticulture: the art of raising plants at an earlier season than is normal': 85 8 5 2
  2. (photography) An extension in the development time of an underexposed negative in order to bring out detail Tags: countable, uncountable Categories (topical): Photography
    Sense id: en-forcing-en-noun-7J2kvkic Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, English terms suffixed with -ing, Entries with translation boxes, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Terms with Finnish translations, Terms with German translations, Terms with Hebrew translations, Terms with Irish translations Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 20 5 35 23 16 1 Disambiguation of English terms suffixed with -ing: 16 10 36 23 14 2 Disambiguation of Entries with translation boxes: 17 6 40 20 16 1 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 21 6 36 22 14 1 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 18 3 46 19 14 1 Disambiguation of Terms with Finnish translations: 18 5 46 18 10 4 Disambiguation of Terms with German translations: 15 5 46 19 11 4 Disambiguation of Terms with Hebrew translations: 14 6 48 19 9 3 Disambiguation of Terms with Irish translations: 16 7 46 19 9 4 Topics: arts, hobbies, lifestyle, photography
  3. (set theory) A technique used to prove the consistency of certain axioms in set theory. See forcing (mathematics). Tags: countable, uncountable Categories (topical): Set theory Translations (set theory: a technique used to prove the consistency of certain axioms): כפייה [feminine] (Hebrew)
    Sense id: en-forcing-en-noun-swTPalQM Topics: mathematics, sciences, set-theory Disambiguation of 'set theory: a technique used to prove the consistency of certain axioms': 2 6 90 2
  4. (climatology, countable) The net flux of energy in or out of a system; the net change in an energy balance. Tags: countable Categories (topical): Climatology Translations (climatology: the net flux of energy in or out of a system; the net change in an energy balance): Strahlungsantrieb [masculine] (German), Ungleichgewicht der Strahlungsbilanz [neuter] (German)
    Sense id: en-forcing-en-noun-2tA69CB~ Topics: climatology, natural-sciences Disambiguation of 'climatology: the net flux of energy in or out of a system; the net change in an energy balance': 1 3 3 94
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: approach-forcing, forcing function, forcing house, full-line forcing, preforcing, radiative forcing, ramified forcing, third-line forcing, unramified forcing

Verb

IPA: /ˈfɔː(ɹ).sɪŋ/ [UK], /ˈfɔɹ.sɪŋ/ [US] Audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Persent101-forcing.wav
Rhymes: -ɔː(ɹ)sɪŋ Etymology: By surface analysis, force + -ing. Etymology templates: {{surf|en|force|-ing}} By surface analysis, force + -ing Head templates: {{head|en|verb form}} forcing
  1. present participle and gerund of force Tags: form-of, gerund, participle, present Form of: force
    Sense id: en-forcing-en-verb-soIcj~n~

Inflected forms

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "approach-forcing"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "forcing function"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "forcing house"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "full-line forcing"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "preforcing"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "radiative forcing"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "ramified forcing"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "third-line forcing"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "unramified forcing"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "force",
        "3": "-ing"
      },
      "expansion": "By surface analysis, force + -ing",
      "name": "surf"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "By surface analysis, force + -ing.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "forcings",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "~"
      },
      "expansion": "forcing (countable and uncountable, plural forcings)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Horticulture",
          "orig": "en:Horticulture",
          "parents": [
            "Agriculture",
            "Botany",
            "Applied sciences",
            "Biology",
            "Sciences",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The art of raising plants at an earlier season than is normal, especially by using a hotbed"
      ],
      "id": "en-forcing-en-noun-oYAXiRro",
      "links": [
        [
          "horticulture",
          "horticulture"
        ],
        [
          "raising",
          "raising"
        ],
        [
          "plant",
          "plant"
        ],
        [
          "season",
          "season"
        ],
        [
          "hotbed",
          "hotbed"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(horticulture) The art of raising plants at an earlier season than is normal, especially by using a hotbed"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "agriculture",
        "business",
        "horticulture",
        "lifestyle"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "85 8 5 2",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "horticulture: the art of raising plants at an earlier season than is normal",
          "word": "hyötö"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 8 5 2",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "horticulture: the art of raising plants at an earlier season than is normal",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Treiberei"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 8 5 2",
          "code": "ga",
          "lang": "Irish",
          "sense": "horticulture: the art of raising plants at an earlier season than is normal",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "luathbhorradh"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 8 5 2",
          "code": "ga",
          "lang": "Irish",
          "sense": "horticulture: the art of raising plants at an earlier season than is normal",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "fórsáil"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Photography",
          "orig": "en:Photography",
          "parents": [
            "Art",
            "Human activity",
            "Media",
            "Culture",
            "Human behaviour",
            "Communication",
            "Society",
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "20 5 35 23 16 1",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "16 10 36 23 14 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English terms suffixed with -ing",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "17 6 40 20 16 1",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Entries with translation boxes",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "21 6 36 22 14 1",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "18 3 46 19 14 1",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "18 5 46 18 10 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "15 5 46 19 11 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with German translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "14 6 48 19 9 3",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Hebrew translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "16 7 46 19 9 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Irish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "An extension in the development time of an underexposed negative in order to bring out detail"
      ],
      "id": "en-forcing-en-noun-7J2kvkic",
      "links": [
        [
          "photography",
          "photography"
        ],
        [
          "extension",
          "extension"
        ],
        [
          "development",
          "development"
        ],
        [
          "time",
          "time"
        ],
        [
          "underexposed",
          "underexposed"
        ],
        [
          "negative",
          "negative"
        ],
        [
          "detail",
          "detail"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(photography) An extension in the development time of an underexposed negative in order to bring out detail"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "arts",
        "hobbies",
        "lifestyle",
        "photography"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Set theory",
          "orig": "en:Set theory",
          "parents": [
            "Mathematics",
            "Formal sciences",
            "Sciences",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A technique used to prove the consistency of certain axioms in set theory. See forcing (mathematics)."
      ],
      "id": "en-forcing-en-noun-swTPalQM",
      "links": [
        [
          "set theory",
          "set theory"
        ],
        [
          "prove",
          "prove"
        ],
        [
          "consistency",
          "consistency"
        ],
        [
          "axiom",
          "axiom"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(set theory) A technique used to prove the consistency of certain axioms in set theory. See forcing (mathematics)."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "mathematics",
        "sciences",
        "set-theory"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "2 6 90 2",
          "code": "he",
          "lang": "Hebrew",
          "sense": "set theory: a technique used to prove the consistency of certain axioms",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "כפייה"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Climatology",
          "orig": "en:Climatology",
          "parents": [
            "Earth sciences",
            "Sciences",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "orbital / astronomical forcing (effect on climate of slow changes in the tilt of Earth's axis and shape of its orbit)"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1991, Alfred George Fischer, Orbital forcing and sedimentary sequences: a special issue:",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1991, Frederik Johan Hilgen, Astronomical Forcing and Geochronological Application of Sedimentary Cycles in the Mediterranean Pliocene-Pleistocene, Faculteit Aardwetenschappen Der Rijksuniversiteit Te Utrecht:",
          "text": "[…] in improving the transfer function of these proxy data and in modelling the response of the climate system to the astronomical forcing over the last 3 Ma with a particular attention paid to the phase relations between insolation,[…]",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2002 August 26, Richard A. Muller, Gordon J. MacDonald, Ice Ages and Astronomical Causes: Data, Spectral Analysis and Mechanisms, Springer Science & Business Media, →ISBN, page 19:",
          "text": "Franz Kuhnert, 18881 2.1 WHY ASTRONOMICAL FORCING? In the 1840s, James Croll assumed that the ice ages were driven by changes in the orbit of the Earth. The astronomical origin was likewise taken as natural by Milutin Milankovitch,[…]",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2006 March 30, Martin Beniston, Climatic Change and Its Impacts: An Overview Focusing on Switzerland, Springer Science & Business Media, →ISBN, page 53:",
          "text": "The astronomic forcing of climate In the course of its 4.5 billion-year history, Earth's climate has been relatively warm for about 90% of the time. Climate has changed on long time scales in response to the evolution of the Sun and[…]",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2011 June 20, Luca Ridolfi, Paolo D'Odorico, Francesco Laio, Noise-Induced Phenomena in the Environmental Sciences, Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 156:",
          "text": "[…] the 100,000-yr periodicity observed in climate fluctuations may result from the combined effect of a weak (deterministic) astronomic forcing and background environmental noise in a complex, nonlinear system with internal feedbacks.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2017, Caroline Louise Prescott, Orbital Forcing and Its Importance in Understanding the Warm Pliocene:",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The net flux of energy in or out of a system; the net change in an energy balance."
      ],
      "id": "en-forcing-en-noun-2tA69CB~",
      "links": [
        [
          "climatology",
          "climatology"
        ],
        [
          "flux",
          "flux"
        ],
        [
          "energy",
          "energy"
        ],
        [
          "change",
          "change"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(climatology, countable) The net flux of energy in or out of a system; the net change in an energy balance."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "climatology",
        "natural-sciences"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "1 3 3 94",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "climatology: the net flux of energy in or out of a system; the net change in an energy balance",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Strahlungsantrieb"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 3 3 94",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "climatology: the net flux of energy in or out of a system; the net change in an energy balance",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "Ungleichgewicht der Strahlungsbilanz"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈfɔː(ɹ).sɪŋ/",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈfɔɹ.sɪŋ/",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Persent101-forcing.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Persent101-forcing.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Persent101-forcing.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Persent101-forcing.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Persent101-forcing.wav.ogg"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɔː(ɹ)sɪŋ"
    }
  ],
  "word": "forcing"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "force",
        "3": "-ing"
      },
      "expansion": "By surface analysis, force + -ing",
      "name": "surf"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "By surface analysis, force + -ing.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "verb form"
      },
      "expansion": "forcing",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "force"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "present participle and gerund of force"
      ],
      "id": "en-forcing-en-verb-soIcj~n~",
      "links": [
        [
          "force",
          "force#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "gerund",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈfɔː(ɹ).sɪŋ/",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈfɔɹ.sɪŋ/",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Persent101-forcing.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Persent101-forcing.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Persent101-forcing.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Persent101-forcing.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Persent101-forcing.wav.ogg"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɔː(ɹ)sɪŋ"
    }
  ],
  "word": "forcing"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "force",
        "3": "-ing"
      },
      "expansion": "By surface analysis, force + -ing",
      "name": "surf"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "By surface analysis, force + -ing.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "forcing (not comparable)",
      "name": "en-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Bridge",
          "orig": "en:Bridge",
          "parents": [
            "Card games",
            "Games",
            "Recreation",
            "Human activity",
            "Human behaviour",
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Pertaining to a bid which requires partner to continue bidding rather than pass."
      ],
      "id": "en-forcing-en-adj-1~hDToX2",
      "links": [
        [
          "bid",
          "bid"
        ],
        [
          "pass",
          "pass"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(bridge) Pertaining to a bid which requires partner to continue bidding rather than pass."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "not-comparable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "bridge",
        "games"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈfɔː(ɹ).sɪŋ/",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈfɔɹ.sɪŋ/",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Persent101-forcing.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Persent101-forcing.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Persent101-forcing.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Persent101-forcing.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Persent101-forcing.wav.ogg"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɔː(ɹ)sɪŋ"
    }
  ],
  "word": "forcing"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "English adjectives",
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English non-lemma forms",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms suffixed with -ing",
    "English uncomparable adjectives",
    "English uncountable nouns",
    "English verb forms",
    "Entries with translation boxes",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Rhymes:English/ɔː(ɹ)sɪŋ",
    "Rhymes:English/ɔː(ɹ)sɪŋ/2 syllables",
    "Terms with Finnish translations",
    "Terms with German translations",
    "Terms with Hebrew translations",
    "Terms with Irish translations"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "approach-forcing"
    },
    {
      "word": "forcing function"
    },
    {
      "word": "forcing house"
    },
    {
      "word": "full-line forcing"
    },
    {
      "word": "preforcing"
    },
    {
      "word": "radiative forcing"
    },
    {
      "word": "ramified forcing"
    },
    {
      "word": "third-line forcing"
    },
    {
      "word": "unramified forcing"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "force",
        "3": "-ing"
      },
      "expansion": "By surface analysis, force + -ing",
      "name": "surf"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "By surface analysis, force + -ing.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "forcings",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "~"
      },
      "expansion": "forcing (countable and uncountable, plural forcings)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "en:Horticulture"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The art of raising plants at an earlier season than is normal, especially by using a hotbed"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "horticulture",
          "horticulture"
        ],
        [
          "raising",
          "raising"
        ],
        [
          "plant",
          "plant"
        ],
        [
          "season",
          "season"
        ],
        [
          "hotbed",
          "hotbed"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(horticulture) The art of raising plants at an earlier season than is normal, especially by using a hotbed"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "agriculture",
        "business",
        "horticulture",
        "lifestyle"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "en:Photography"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "An extension in the development time of an underexposed negative in order to bring out detail"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "photography",
          "photography"
        ],
        [
          "extension",
          "extension"
        ],
        [
          "development",
          "development"
        ],
        [
          "time",
          "time"
        ],
        [
          "underexposed",
          "underexposed"
        ],
        [
          "negative",
          "negative"
        ],
        [
          "detail",
          "detail"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(photography) An extension in the development time of an underexposed negative in order to bring out detail"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "arts",
        "hobbies",
        "lifestyle",
        "photography"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "en:Set theory"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A technique used to prove the consistency of certain axioms in set theory. See forcing (mathematics)."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "set theory",
          "set theory"
        ],
        [
          "prove",
          "prove"
        ],
        [
          "consistency",
          "consistency"
        ],
        [
          "axiom",
          "axiom"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(set theory) A technique used to prove the consistency of certain axioms in set theory. See forcing (mathematics)."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "mathematics",
        "sciences",
        "set-theory"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English countable nouns",
        "English terms with quotations",
        "en:Climatology"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "orbital / astronomical forcing (effect on climate of slow changes in the tilt of Earth's axis and shape of its orbit)"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1991, Alfred George Fischer, Orbital forcing and sedimentary sequences: a special issue:",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1991, Frederik Johan Hilgen, Astronomical Forcing and Geochronological Application of Sedimentary Cycles in the Mediterranean Pliocene-Pleistocene, Faculteit Aardwetenschappen Der Rijksuniversiteit Te Utrecht:",
          "text": "[…] in improving the transfer function of these proxy data and in modelling the response of the climate system to the astronomical forcing over the last 3 Ma with a particular attention paid to the phase relations between insolation,[…]",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2002 August 26, Richard A. Muller, Gordon J. MacDonald, Ice Ages and Astronomical Causes: Data, Spectral Analysis and Mechanisms, Springer Science & Business Media, →ISBN, page 19:",
          "text": "Franz Kuhnert, 18881 2.1 WHY ASTRONOMICAL FORCING? In the 1840s, James Croll assumed that the ice ages were driven by changes in the orbit of the Earth. The astronomical origin was likewise taken as natural by Milutin Milankovitch,[…]",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2006 March 30, Martin Beniston, Climatic Change and Its Impacts: An Overview Focusing on Switzerland, Springer Science & Business Media, →ISBN, page 53:",
          "text": "The astronomic forcing of climate In the course of its 4.5 billion-year history, Earth's climate has been relatively warm for about 90% of the time. Climate has changed on long time scales in response to the evolution of the Sun and[…]",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2011 June 20, Luca Ridolfi, Paolo D'Odorico, Francesco Laio, Noise-Induced Phenomena in the Environmental Sciences, Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 156:",
          "text": "[…] the 100,000-yr periodicity observed in climate fluctuations may result from the combined effect of a weak (deterministic) astronomic forcing and background environmental noise in a complex, nonlinear system with internal feedbacks.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2017, Caroline Louise Prescott, Orbital Forcing and Its Importance in Understanding the Warm Pliocene:",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The net flux of energy in or out of a system; the net change in an energy balance."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "climatology",
          "climatology"
        ],
        [
          "flux",
          "flux"
        ],
        [
          "energy",
          "energy"
        ],
        [
          "change",
          "change"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(climatology, countable) The net flux of energy in or out of a system; the net change in an energy balance."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "climatology",
        "natural-sciences"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈfɔː(ɹ).sɪŋ/",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈfɔɹ.sɪŋ/",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Persent101-forcing.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Persent101-forcing.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Persent101-forcing.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Persent101-forcing.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Persent101-forcing.wav.ogg"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɔː(ɹ)sɪŋ"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "horticulture: the art of raising plants at an earlier season than is normal",
      "word": "hyötö"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "horticulture: the art of raising plants at an earlier season than is normal",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Treiberei"
    },
    {
      "code": "ga",
      "lang": "Irish",
      "sense": "horticulture: the art of raising plants at an earlier season than is normal",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "luathbhorradh"
    },
    {
      "code": "ga",
      "lang": "Irish",
      "sense": "horticulture: the art of raising plants at an earlier season than is normal",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "fórsáil"
    },
    {
      "code": "he",
      "lang": "Hebrew",
      "sense": "set theory: a technique used to prove the consistency of certain axioms",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "כפייה"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "climatology: the net flux of energy in or out of a system; the net change in an energy balance",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Strahlungsantrieb"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "climatology: the net flux of energy in or out of a system; the net change in an energy balance",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "Ungleichgewicht der Strahlungsbilanz"
    }
  ],
  "word": "forcing"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "English adjectives",
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English non-lemma forms",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms suffixed with -ing",
    "English uncomparable adjectives",
    "English uncountable nouns",
    "English verb forms",
    "Entries with translation boxes",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Rhymes:English/ɔː(ɹ)sɪŋ",
    "Rhymes:English/ɔː(ɹ)sɪŋ/2 syllables",
    "Terms with Finnish translations",
    "Terms with German translations",
    "Terms with Hebrew translations",
    "Terms with Irish translations"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "force",
        "3": "-ing"
      },
      "expansion": "By surface analysis, force + -ing",
      "name": "surf"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "By surface analysis, force + -ing.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "verb form"
      },
      "expansion": "forcing",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "force"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "present participle and gerund of force"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "force",
          "force#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "gerund",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈfɔː(ɹ).sɪŋ/",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈfɔɹ.sɪŋ/",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Persent101-forcing.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Persent101-forcing.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Persent101-forcing.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Persent101-forcing.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Persent101-forcing.wav.ogg"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɔː(ɹ)sɪŋ"
    }
  ],
  "word": "forcing"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "English adjectives",
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English non-lemma forms",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms suffixed with -ing",
    "English uncomparable adjectives",
    "English uncountable nouns",
    "English verb forms",
    "Entries with translation boxes",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Rhymes:English/ɔː(ɹ)sɪŋ",
    "Rhymes:English/ɔː(ɹ)sɪŋ/2 syllables",
    "Terms with Finnish translations",
    "Terms with German translations",
    "Terms with Hebrew translations",
    "Terms with Irish translations"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "force",
        "3": "-ing"
      },
      "expansion": "By surface analysis, force + -ing",
      "name": "surf"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "By surface analysis, force + -ing.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "forcing (not comparable)",
      "name": "en-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "en:Bridge"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Pertaining to a bid which requires partner to continue bidding rather than pass."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "bid",
          "bid"
        ],
        [
          "pass",
          "pass"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(bridge) Pertaining to a bid which requires partner to continue bidding rather than pass."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "not-comparable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "bridge",
        "games"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈfɔː(ɹ).sɪŋ/",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈfɔɹ.sɪŋ/",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Persent101-forcing.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Persent101-forcing.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Persent101-forcing.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Persent101-forcing.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Persent101-forcing.wav.ogg"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɔː(ɹ)sɪŋ"
    }
  ],
  "word": "forcing"
}

Download raw JSONL data for forcing meaning in English (10.6kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.