See footman in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "speckled footman"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "fotman"
},
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"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "*fōtman"
},
"expansion": "Old English *fōtman",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "fēþman"
},
"expansion": "Old English fēþman",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "foot",
"3": "man"
},
"expansion": "foot + man",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English fotman, footman, foteman (“foot soldier, running footman”), from Old English *fōtman, *fōtmann (attested only as Old English fēþman, fēþemann (“footman”), equivalent to foot + man.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "footmen",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
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{
"args": {
"1": "footmen"
},
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"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "52 14 26 0 4 4 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "People",
"orig": "en:People",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A soldier who marches and fights on foot; a foot soldier."
],
"id": "en-footman-en-noun-tfBwDqPL",
"links": [
[
"soldier",
"soldier"
],
[
"march",
"march"
],
[
"fight",
"fight"
],
[
"on foot",
"on foot"
],
[
"foot soldier",
"foot soldier"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) A soldier who marches and fights on foot; a foot soldier."
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "24 43 20 0 6 6 1",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Male people",
"orig": "en:Male people",
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"Gender",
"Human",
"Biology",
"Psychology",
"Sociology",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Social sciences",
"Fundamental",
"Society"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Coordinate term: footwoman"
},
{
"ref": "1945 September and October, C. Hamilton Ellis, “Royal Trains—V”, in Railway Magazine, pages 251–252:",
"text": "[…] on October 29, 1888, the Russian imperial train was derailed at Borki by defective track, and twenty-one persons were killed. Although these did not include the Emperor Alexander III, who escaped with a bruising, a footman serving coffee to him at the critical moment, and his dog, which was lying on the floor beside him, were both killed on the spot.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1959, Georgette Heyer, chapter 1, in The Unknown Ajax:",
"text": "And no use for anyone to tell Charles that this was because the Family was in mourning for Mr Granville Darracott […]: Charles might only have been second footman at Darracott Place for a couple of months when that disaster occurred, but no one could gammon him into thinking that my lord cared a spangle for his heir.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2023 September 23, Tim Hayward, “Not so easy does it”, in FT Weekend, Life & Arts, page 19:",
"text": "Reading their accounts, you can't help feeling they got a more thrilling frisson from sharing a pot of home-made stew without a footman than they took in any of their convoluted couplings.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A man in waiting; a male servant whose duties are to attend the door, the carriage, the table, etc."
],
"id": "en-footman-en-noun-92wEIm4w",
"links": [
[
"servant",
"servant"
],
[
"attend",
"attend"
],
[
"door",
"door"
],
[
"carriage",
"carriage"
],
[
"table",
"table"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "12 55 26 3 1 1 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "lakej",
"sense": "male servant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "лакей"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 55 26 3 1 1 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "male servant",
"word": "lakei"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 55 26 3 1 1 1",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "male servant",
"word": "lakeo"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 55 26 3 1 1 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "male servant",
"word": "miespalvelija"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 55 26 3 1 1 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "male servant",
"word": "lakeija"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 55 26 3 1 1 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "male servant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "laquais"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 55 26 3 1 1 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "male servant",
"word": "valet de pied"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 55 26 3 1 1 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "male servant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Lakai"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 55 26 3 1 1 1",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "lakés",
"sense": "male servant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "λακές"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 55 26 3 1 1 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "male servant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "valletto"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 55 26 3 1 1 1",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "male servant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pedisequus"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 55 26 3 1 1 1",
"code": "pdt",
"lang": "Plautdietsch",
"sense": "male servant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Schekjbenjel"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 13 40 4 19 19 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 13 36 9 17 17 4",
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
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},
{
"_dis": "3 12 36 6 20 20 3",
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{
"_dis": "2 12 38 4 21 21 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 13 31 7 16 16 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 13 33 11 16 16 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 11 30 7 22 22 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Esperanto translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 13 30 7 16 16 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 14 34 11 16 16 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 13 33 10 17 17 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 12 29 13 17 17 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 12 28 7 19 19 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Irish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 13 35 8 17 17 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 13 35 8 17 17 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 9 49 5 17 17 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Plautdietsch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 13 37 8 17 17 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 10 37 8 19 19 3",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Noctuoid moths",
"orig": "en:Noctuoid moths",
"parents": [
"Moths",
"Insects",
"Arthropods",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A servant who runs in front of his master's carriage."
],
"id": "en-footman-en-noun-qz68qgo3",
"links": [
[
"run",
"run"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) A servant who runs in front of his master's carriage."
],
"tags": [
"historical"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "5 7 78 4 3 3 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "servant who runs in front of his master's carriage",
"word": "lakeija"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 7 78 4 3 3 0",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "servant who runs in front of his master's carriage",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "giolla cóiste"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 7 78 4 3 3 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "servant who runs in front of his master's carriage",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lacayo"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A metallic stand with four feet, for keeping anything warm before a fire."
],
"id": "en-footman-en-noun-v2FZI8lH"
},
{
"glosses": [
"A moth of the family Arctiidae (or subfamily Arctiinae); -- so called from its livery-like colors."
],
"id": "en-footman-en-noun-tg60g1bl",
"links": [
[
"moth",
"moth"
],
[
"Arctiidae",
"Arctiidae#Translingual"
],
[
"Arctiinae",
"Arctiinae#Translingual"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"A moth of the family Arctiidae (or subfamily Arctiinae); -- so called from its livery-like colors.",
"especially, a common footman (Manulea lurideola)"
],
"id": "en-footman-en-noun-mm5yU4eb",
"links": [
[
"moth",
"moth"
],
[
"Arctiidae",
"Arctiidae#Translingual"
],
[
"Arctiinae",
"Arctiinae#Translingual"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 100 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "Manulea lurideola",
"word": "harmokeltasiipi"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A bar that connects the treadle of a spinning wheel to the wheel."
],
"id": "en-footman-en-noun-W-yfkVNU",
"links": [
[
"bar",
"bar"
],
[
"treadle",
"treadle"
],
[
"spinning wheel",
"spinning wheel"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 2 3 3 2 2 86",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "part of a spinning wheel",
"word": "liipotin"
}
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"historical"
],
"word": "runner"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"historical"
],
"word": "running footman"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 50 50 0",
"sense": "moth",
"word": "footman moth"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "0 1 5 0 47 47 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "moth of the subfamily Arctiinae",
"word": "aitosiilikäs"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 5 0 47 47 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "moth of the subfamily Arctiinae",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Bärenspinner"
}
],
"word": "footman"
}
{
"categories": [
"English compound terms",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English male equivalent nouns",
"English nouns",
"English nouns with irregular plurals",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Plautdietsch translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"en:Male people",
"en:Noctuoid moths",
"en:People"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "speckled footman"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "fotman"
},
"expansion": "Middle English fotman",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "*fōtman"
},
"expansion": "Old English *fōtman",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "fēþman"
},
"expansion": "Old English fēþman",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "foot",
"3": "man"
},
"expansion": "foot + man",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English fotman, footman, foteman (“foot soldier, running footman”), from Old English *fōtman, *fōtmann (attested only as Old English fēþman, fēþemann (“footman”), equivalent to foot + man.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "footmen",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "footmen"
},
"expansion": "footman (plural footmen)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with archaic senses"
],
"glosses": [
"A soldier who marches and fights on foot; a foot soldier."
],
"links": [
[
"soldier",
"soldier"
],
[
"march",
"march"
],
[
"fight",
"fight"
],
[
"on foot",
"on foot"
],
[
"foot soldier",
"foot soldier"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) A soldier who marches and fights on foot; a foot soldier."
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Coordinate term: footwoman"
},
{
"ref": "1945 September and October, C. Hamilton Ellis, “Royal Trains—V”, in Railway Magazine, pages 251–252:",
"text": "[…] on October 29, 1888, the Russian imperial train was derailed at Borki by defective track, and twenty-one persons were killed. Although these did not include the Emperor Alexander III, who escaped with a bruising, a footman serving coffee to him at the critical moment, and his dog, which was lying on the floor beside him, were both killed on the spot.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1959, Georgette Heyer, chapter 1, in The Unknown Ajax:",
"text": "And no use for anyone to tell Charles that this was because the Family was in mourning for Mr Granville Darracott […]: Charles might only have been second footman at Darracott Place for a couple of months when that disaster occurred, but no one could gammon him into thinking that my lord cared a spangle for his heir.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2023 September 23, Tim Hayward, “Not so easy does it”, in FT Weekend, Life & Arts, page 19:",
"text": "Reading their accounts, you can't help feeling they got a more thrilling frisson from sharing a pot of home-made stew without a footman than they took in any of their convoluted couplings.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A man in waiting; a male servant whose duties are to attend the door, the carriage, the table, etc."
],
"links": [
[
"servant",
"servant"
],
[
"attend",
"attend"
],
[
"door",
"door"
],
[
"carriage",
"carriage"
],
[
"table",
"table"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with historical senses"
],
"glosses": [
"A servant who runs in front of his master's carriage."
],
"links": [
[
"run",
"run"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) A servant who runs in front of his master's carriage."
],
"tags": [
"historical"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A metallic stand with four feet, for keeping anything warm before a fire."
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A moth of the family Arctiidae (or subfamily Arctiinae); -- so called from its livery-like colors."
],
"links": [
[
"moth",
"moth"
],
[
"Arctiidae",
"Arctiidae#Translingual"
],
[
"Arctiinae",
"Arctiinae#Translingual"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Entries missing English vernacular names of taxa",
"Entries using missing taxonomic name (species)"
],
"glosses": [
"A moth of the family Arctiidae (or subfamily Arctiinae); -- so called from its livery-like colors.",
"especially, a common footman (Manulea lurideola)"
],
"links": [
[
"moth",
"moth"
],
[
"Arctiidae",
"Arctiidae#Translingual"
],
[
"Arctiinae",
"Arctiinae#Translingual"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A bar that connects the treadle of a spinning wheel to the wheel."
],
"links": [
[
"bar",
"bar"
],
[
"treadle",
"treadle"
],
[
"spinning wheel",
"spinning wheel"
]
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"historical"
],
"word": "runner"
},
{
"tags": [
"historical"
],
"word": "running footman"
},
{
"sense": "moth",
"word": "footman moth"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "lakej",
"sense": "male servant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "лакей"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "male servant",
"word": "lakei"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "male servant",
"word": "lakeo"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "male servant",
"word": "miespalvelija"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "male servant",
"word": "lakeija"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "male servant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "laquais"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "male servant",
"word": "valet de pied"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "male servant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Lakai"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "lakés",
"sense": "male servant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "λακές"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "male servant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "valletto"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "male servant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pedisequus"
},
{
"code": "pdt",
"lang": "Plautdietsch",
"sense": "male servant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Schekjbenjel"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "servant who runs in front of his master's carriage",
"word": "lakeija"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "servant who runs in front of his master's carriage",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "giolla cóiste"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "servant who runs in front of his master's carriage",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lacayo"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "moth of the subfamily Arctiinae",
"word": "aitosiilikäs"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "moth of the subfamily Arctiinae",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Bärenspinner"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "Manulea lurideola",
"word": "harmokeltasiipi"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "part of a spinning wheel",
"word": "liipotin"
}
],
"word": "footman"
}
Download raw JSONL data for footman meaning in English (7.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.