See churchwarden in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "churchwardenly"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "churchwarden pipe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "churchwardenship"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "churchwarden's pew"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "cherchewardeyn"
},
"expansion": "Middle English cherchewardeyn",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "church",
"3": "warden"
},
"expansion": "church + warden",
"name": "com"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English cherchewardeyn, chirchewardeyn, churchewardeyn, schyrsche wordeyn; equivalent to church + warden.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "churchwardens",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "churchwarden (plural churchwardens)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "vestry"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "British English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "41 38 21",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Anglicanism",
"orig": "en:Anglicanism",
"parents": [
"Protestantism",
"Christianity",
"Abrahamism",
"Religion",
"Culture",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "38 31 31",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Christianity",
"orig": "en:Christianity",
"parents": [
"Abrahamism",
"Religion",
"Culture",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "54 36 9",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "People",
"orig": "en:People",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Coordinate term: people's warden"
},
{
"ref": "1933 January 9, George Orwell [pseudonym; Eric Arthur Blair], chapter XXXI, in Down and Out in Paris and London, London: Victor Gollancz […], →OCLC:",
"text": "At first, not knowing any better, I used sometimes to copy a nude on the pavement. The first I did was outside St Martin's-in-the-Fields church. A fellow in black—I suppose he was a churchwarden or something—came out in a tearing rage.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A lay officer of the Church of England who handles the secular affairs of the parish."
],
"id": "en-churchwarden-en-noun-LD70W16k",
"links": [
[
"lay",
"lay"
],
[
"officer",
"officer"
],
[
"Church of England",
"Church of England"
],
[
"secular",
"secular"
],
[
"affair",
"affair"
],
[
"parish",
"parish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(UK) A lay officer of the Church of England who handles the secular affairs of the parish."
],
"tags": [
"UK"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "82 11 7",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "ekeġecʻpan",
"sense": "lay officer who handles secular affairs of the parish",
"word": "եկեղեցպան"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 11 7",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "lay officer who handles secular affairs of the parish",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "kirkeværge"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 11 7",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "lay officer who handles secular affairs of the parish",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kerkmeester"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 11 7",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "lay officer who handles secular affairs of the parish",
"tags": [
"historical",
"masculine"
],
"word": "kerkvoogd"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 11 7",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "lay officer who handles secular affairs of the parish",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "kerkmeesteres"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 11 7",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "lay officer who handles secular affairs of the parish",
"word": "kirkonisäntä"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 11 7",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "lay officer who handles secular affairs of the parish",
"tags": [
"historical"
],
"word": "kirkkoväärti"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 11 7",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "lay officer who handles secular affairs of the parish",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "marguillier"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 11 7",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "lay officer who handles secular affairs of the parish",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "marguillière"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 11 7",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "lay officer who handles secular affairs of the parish",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Kirchenvorsteher"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 11 7",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "lay officer who handles secular affairs of the parish",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Kirchenvorsteherin"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 11 7",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "lay officer who handles secular affairs of the parish",
"word": "kurátor"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 11 7",
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "lay officer who handles secular affairs of the parish",
"word": "kirkkostaarosta"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 11 7",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "épitrop",
"sense": "lay officer who handles secular affairs of the parish",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "е́питроп"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 11 7",
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "lay officer who handles secular affairs of the parish",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "seurvillant d'l'Êglyise"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 11 7",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "lay officer who handles secular affairs of the parish",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kirkeverge"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 11 7",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "lay officer who handles secular affairs of the parish",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "kyrkjeverje"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 11 7",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ktítor",
"sense": "lay officer who handles secular affairs of the parish",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "кти́тор"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 11 7",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "cerkóvnyj stárosta",
"sense": "lay officer who handles secular affairs of the parish",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "церко́вный ста́роста"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 11 7",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "lay officer who handles secular affairs of the parish",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "capiller"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 11 7",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "lay officer who handles secular affairs of the parish",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "capillero"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 11 7",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "lay officer who handles secular affairs of the parish",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "kyrkvärd"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "American English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "41 38 21",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Anglicanism",
"orig": "en:Anglicanism",
"parents": [
"Protestantism",
"Christianity",
"Abrahamism",
"Religion",
"Culture",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "38 31 31",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Christianity",
"orig": "en:Christianity",
"parents": [
"Abrahamism",
"Religion",
"Culture",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A similar functionary of the Episcopal church."
],
"id": "en-churchwarden-en-noun-4Q2bmqKC",
"links": [
[
"Episcopal",
"Episcopal"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(US) A similar functionary of the Episcopal church."
],
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "churchwarden pipe"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "British English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "21 11 68",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 12 68",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 11 70",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 24 43",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Armenian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 18 58",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Danish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 7 70",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 19 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 6 71",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 10 68",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 23 44",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 12 62",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ingrian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 23 45",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Macedonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 19 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norman translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 20 47",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 9 74",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 7 74",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 4 81",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 20 47",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "41 38 21",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Anglicanism",
"orig": "en:Anglicanism",
"parents": [
"Protestantism",
"Christianity",
"Abrahamism",
"Religion",
"Culture",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "38 31 31",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Christianity",
"orig": "en:Christianity",
"parents": [
"Abrahamism",
"Religion",
"Culture",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1843, John William Carleton, The Sporting Review, volume 10, page 419:",
"text": "In one part of Cockaigne an amalgamation of these two last has lately taken place; and the pleasure experienced by the parishioners of Walbrook is unbounded when smoking an alderman and churchwarden.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1887, William Black, “A Honeymoon Visit”, in Sabina Zembra […], volume II, London, New York, N.Y.: Macmillan and Co., →OCLC, page 9:",
"text": "[T]here was a small wooden table placed in front of the smouldering fire, with decanters, a jar of tobacco, and two long churchwardens. The second churchwarden was supposed to be placed there for the service of Mr. Fred; but as a matter of fact that young gentleman did not find much gaiety in sitting and listening to grumblings over his own conduct and gloomy prophecies as to the future of the agricultural interests of the country; so that the old man generally sat there alone, nor had he ever been known to ask any one to keep him company.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1938 May, Evelyn Waugh, chapter 2, in Scoop: A Novel about Journalists, uniform edition, London: Chapman & Hall, published 1948 (1951 printing), →OCLC, book I (The Stitch Service), section 3, page 26:",
"text": "He greeted William with cordiality. \"Ah, Boot, how are you? Don't think I've had the pleasure before. Know your work well of course. Sit down. Have a cigarette or\"—had he made a floater?—\"or do you prefer your churchwarden?\"",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Short for churchwarden pipe."
],
"id": "en-churchwarden-en-noun-~ovwXydu",
"links": [
[
"churchwarden pipe",
"churchwarden pipe#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(British, slang) Short for churchwarden pipe."
],
"tags": [
"British",
"abbreviation",
"alt-of",
"slang"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "En-au-churchwarden.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8b/En-au-churchwarden.ogg/En-au-churchwarden.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8b/En-au-churchwarden.ogg"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"churchwarden"
],
"word": "churchwarden"
}
{
"categories": [
"English compound terms",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Ingrian translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Norman translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"en:Anglicanism",
"en:Christianity",
"en:People"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "churchwardenly"
},
{
"word": "churchwarden pipe"
},
{
"word": "churchwardenship"
},
{
"word": "churchwarden's pew"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "cherchewardeyn"
},
"expansion": "Middle English cherchewardeyn",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "church",
"3": "warden"
},
"expansion": "church + warden",
"name": "com"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English cherchewardeyn, chirchewardeyn, churchewardeyn, schyrsche wordeyn; equivalent to church + warden.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "churchwardens",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "churchwarden (plural churchwardens)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "vestry"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"British English",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Coordinate term: people's warden"
},
{
"ref": "1933 January 9, George Orwell [pseudonym; Eric Arthur Blair], chapter XXXI, in Down and Out in Paris and London, London: Victor Gollancz […], →OCLC:",
"text": "At first, not knowing any better, I used sometimes to copy a nude on the pavement. The first I did was outside St Martin's-in-the-Fields church. A fellow in black—I suppose he was a churchwarden or something—came out in a tearing rage.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A lay officer of the Church of England who handles the secular affairs of the parish."
],
"links": [
[
"lay",
"lay"
],
[
"officer",
"officer"
],
[
"Church of England",
"Church of England"
],
[
"secular",
"secular"
],
[
"affair",
"affair"
],
[
"parish",
"parish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(UK) A lay officer of the Church of England who handles the secular affairs of the parish."
],
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"American English"
],
"glosses": [
"A similar functionary of the Episcopal church."
],
"links": [
[
"Episcopal",
"Episcopal"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(US) A similar functionary of the Episcopal church."
],
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "churchwarden pipe"
}
],
"categories": [
"British English",
"English short forms",
"English slang",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1843, John William Carleton, The Sporting Review, volume 10, page 419:",
"text": "In one part of Cockaigne an amalgamation of these two last has lately taken place; and the pleasure experienced by the parishioners of Walbrook is unbounded when smoking an alderman and churchwarden.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1887, William Black, “A Honeymoon Visit”, in Sabina Zembra […], volume II, London, New York, N.Y.: Macmillan and Co., →OCLC, page 9:",
"text": "[T]here was a small wooden table placed in front of the smouldering fire, with decanters, a jar of tobacco, and two long churchwardens. The second churchwarden was supposed to be placed there for the service of Mr. Fred; but as a matter of fact that young gentleman did not find much gaiety in sitting and listening to grumblings over his own conduct and gloomy prophecies as to the future of the agricultural interests of the country; so that the old man generally sat there alone, nor had he ever been known to ask any one to keep him company.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1938 May, Evelyn Waugh, chapter 2, in Scoop: A Novel about Journalists, uniform edition, London: Chapman & Hall, published 1948 (1951 printing), →OCLC, book I (The Stitch Service), section 3, page 26:",
"text": "He greeted William with cordiality. \"Ah, Boot, how are you? Don't think I've had the pleasure before. Know your work well of course. Sit down. Have a cigarette or\"—had he made a floater?—\"or do you prefer your churchwarden?\"",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Short for churchwarden pipe."
],
"links": [
[
"churchwarden pipe",
"churchwarden pipe#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(British, slang) Short for churchwarden pipe."
],
"tags": [
"British",
"abbreviation",
"alt-of",
"slang"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "En-au-churchwarden.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8b/En-au-churchwarden.ogg/En-au-churchwarden.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8b/En-au-churchwarden.ogg"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "ekeġecʻpan",
"sense": "lay officer who handles secular affairs of the parish",
"word": "եկեղեցպան"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "lay officer who handles secular affairs of the parish",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "kirkeværge"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "lay officer who handles secular affairs of the parish",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kerkmeester"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "lay officer who handles secular affairs of the parish",
"tags": [
"historical",
"masculine"
],
"word": "kerkvoogd"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "lay officer who handles secular affairs of the parish",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "kerkmeesteres"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "lay officer who handles secular affairs of the parish",
"word": "kirkonisäntä"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "lay officer who handles secular affairs of the parish",
"tags": [
"historical"
],
"word": "kirkkoväärti"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "lay officer who handles secular affairs of the parish",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "marguillier"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "lay officer who handles secular affairs of the parish",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "marguillière"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "lay officer who handles secular affairs of the parish",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Kirchenvorsteher"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "lay officer who handles secular affairs of the parish",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Kirchenvorsteherin"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "lay officer who handles secular affairs of the parish",
"word": "kurátor"
},
{
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "lay officer who handles secular affairs of the parish",
"word": "kirkkostaarosta"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "épitrop",
"sense": "lay officer who handles secular affairs of the parish",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "е́питроп"
},
{
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "lay officer who handles secular affairs of the parish",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "seurvillant d'l'Êglyise"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "lay officer who handles secular affairs of the parish",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kirkeverge"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "lay officer who handles secular affairs of the parish",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "kyrkjeverje"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ktítor",
"sense": "lay officer who handles secular affairs of the parish",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "кти́тор"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "cerkóvnyj stárosta",
"sense": "lay officer who handles secular affairs of the parish",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "церко́вный ста́роста"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "lay officer who handles secular affairs of the parish",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "capiller"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "lay officer who handles secular affairs of the parish",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "capillero"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "lay officer who handles secular affairs of the parish",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "kyrkvärd"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"churchwarden"
],
"word": "churchwarden"
}
Download raw JSONL data for churchwarden meaning in English (8.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-09-22 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-09-20 using wiktextract (af5c55c and 66545a6). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.