See bitumen in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for bitumen meaning in English (14.7kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "bitumen of Judea"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "bituminous"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "bitumoid"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "crude bitumen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "modified bitumen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "pyrobitumen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "refined bitumen"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "bitūmen"
},
"expansion": "Latin bitūmen",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin bitūmen.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bitumina",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bitumens",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~",
"2": "bitumina",
"3": "s"
},
"expansion": "bitumen (countable and uncountable, plural bitumina or bitumens)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "24 11 29 28 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
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"Entry maintenance"
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 22 17 20 13",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Natural resources",
"orig": "en:Natural resources",
"parents": [
"Matter",
"Chemistry",
"Nature",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 16 15 28 6",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Petroleum",
"orig": "en:Petroleum",
"parents": [
"Fossil fuels",
"Liquids",
"Carbon",
"Energy",
"Natural resources",
"Matter",
"Carbon group elements",
"Nature",
"Chemistry",
"Chemical elements",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2014 August 24, Jeff Howell, “Home improvements: gravel paths and cutting heating bills [print version: Cold comfort in technology, 23 August 2014, p. P5]”, in The Daily Telegraph (Property)",
"text": "You need to excavate and remove the topsoil, line the subsoil with a geotextile, then lay and compact hardcore. Follow this with a layer of compacted \"hoggin\" – compacted clay, gravel and sand. This is then sprayed with hot bitumen, and has a layer of pea shingle rolled into it.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A sticky, black, highly viscous liquid or semi-solid form of petroleum, burning with a bright flame. It occurs as an abundant natural product in many places, as on the shores of the Dead and Caspian Seas. It is used in cements, in the construction of pavements, etc.; Mineral pitch."
],
"id": "en-bitumen-en-noun-d1bqo3g4",
"links": [
[
"Caspian Sea",
"Caspian Sea"
],
[
"cement",
"cement"
],
[
"pavement",
"pavement"
],
[
"pitch",
"pitch"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "Jew's pitch"
},
{
"_dis1": "59 34 3 4",
"sense": "mineral pitch",
"word": "Jew’s lime"
},
{
"_dis1": "59 34 3 4",
"sense": "mineral pitch",
"word": "Jew’s pitch"
},
{
"_dis1": "59 34 3 4",
"sense": "mineral pitch",
"word": "Jew’s slime"
},
{
"_dis1": "59 34 3 4",
"sense": "mineral pitch",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "slime"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "60 19 10 10",
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "Mineral pitch",
"word": "bitum"
},
{
"_dis1": "60 19 10 10",
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "śilajôtu",
"sense": "Mineral pitch",
"word": "শিলাজতু"
},
{
"_dis1": "60 19 10 10",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "bitum",
"sense": "Mineral pitch",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "битум"
},
{
"_dis1": "60 19 10 10",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "Mineral pitch",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "betum"
},
{
"_dis1": "60 19 10 10",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "Mineral pitch",
"word": "瀝青"
},
{
"_dis1": "60 19 10 10",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "lìqīng",
"sense": "Mineral pitch",
"word": "沥青"
},
{
"_dis1": "60 19 10 10",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "Mineral pitch",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"neuter"
],
"word": "aardpek"
},
{
"_dis1": "60 19 10 10",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "Mineral pitch",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "bitumen"
},
{
"_dis1": "60 19 10 10",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "Mineral pitch",
"word": "bitumi"
},
{
"_dis1": "60 19 10 10",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "Mineral pitch",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bitume"
},
{
"_dis1": "60 19 10 10",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "Mineral pitch",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Bitumen"
},
{
"_dis1": "60 19 10 10",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "ásphaltos",
"sense": "Mineral pitch",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ἄσφαλτος"
},
{
"_dis1": "60 19 10 10",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "kheimahr",
"sense": "Mineral pitch",
"word": "חמר"
},
{
"_dis1": "60 19 10 10",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "Mineral pitch",
"word": "bitume"
},
{
"_dis1": "60 19 10 10",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "Mineral pitch",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "asfalto"
},
{
"_dis1": "60 19 10 10",
"alt": "れきせい",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "rekisei",
"sense": "Mineral pitch",
"word": "歴青"
},
{
"_dis1": "60 19 10 10",
"alt": "れきせい",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "rekisei",
"sense": "Mineral pitch",
"word": "瀝青"
},
{
"_dis1": "60 19 10 10",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "Mineral pitch",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "bitūmen"
},
{
"_dis1": "60 19 10 10",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "Mineral pitch",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bitum"
},
{
"_dis1": "60 19 10 10",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "Mineral pitch",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bitumin"
},
{
"_dis1": "60 19 10 10",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "Mineral pitch",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bitumen"
},
{
"_dis1": "60 19 10 10",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "Mineral pitch",
"word": "betume"
},
{
"_dis1": "60 19 10 10",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "Mineral pitch",
"word": "bitum"
},
{
"_dis1": "60 19 10 10",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "bítum",
"sense": "Mineral pitch",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "би́тум"
},
{
"_dis1": "60 19 10 10",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "Mineral pitch",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bìth"
},
{
"_dis1": "60 19 10 10",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "Mineral pitch",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "teàrr"
},
{
"_dis1": "60 19 10 10",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "Mineral pitch",
"word": "brea"
},
{
"_dis1": "60 19 10 10",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "Mineral pitch",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bitumen"
},
{
"_dis1": "60 19 10 10",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "Mineral pitch",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "bitumen"
},
{
"_dis1": "60 19 10 10",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "yaang-má-dtɔi",
"sense": "Mineral pitch",
"word": "ยางมะตอย"
},
{
"_dis1": "60 19 10 10",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "Mineral pitch",
"word": "bitüm"
},
{
"_dis1": "60 19 10 10",
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "bitumen",
"sense": "Mineral pitch",
"word": "ביטומען"
}
]
},
{
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{
"_dis": "27 22 17 20 13",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Natural resources",
"orig": "en:Natural resources",
"parents": [
"Matter",
"Chemistry",
"Nature",
"Sciences",
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"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 16 15 28 6",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Petroleum",
"orig": "en:Petroleum",
"parents": [
"Fossil fuels",
"Liquids",
"Carbon",
"Energy",
"Natural resources",
"Matter",
"Carbon group elements",
"Nature",
"Chemistry",
"Chemical elements",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any one of the natural hydrocarbons, including the hard, solid, brittle varieties called asphalt, the semisolid maltha and mineral tars, the oily petrolea, and even the light, volatile naphthas."
],
"id": "en-bitumen-en-noun-HON3dLAV",
"links": [
[
"hydrocarbon",
"hydrocarbon"
],
[
"brittle",
"brittle"
],
[
"asphalt",
"asphalt"
],
[
"maltha",
"maltha"
],
[
"tar",
"tar"
],
[
"petrolea",
"petrolea"
],
[
"naphtha",
"naphtha"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(by extension) Any one of the natural hydrocarbons, including the hard, solid, brittle varieties called asphalt, the semisolid maltha and mineral tars, the oily petrolea, and even the light, volatile naphthas."
],
"tags": [
"broadly",
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Australian English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "24 11 29 28 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
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{
"_dis": "27 22 17 20 13",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Natural resources",
"orig": "en:Natural resources",
"parents": [
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"Chemistry",
"Nature",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 16 15 28 6",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Petroleum",
"orig": "en:Petroleum",
"parents": [
"Fossil fuels",
"Liquids",
"Carbon",
"Energy",
"Natural resources",
"Matter",
"Carbon group elements",
"Nature",
"Chemistry",
"Chemical elements",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Roads sealed with bitumen, as opposed to dirt roads."
],
"id": "en-bitumen-en-noun-Gn3~Njqb",
"raw_glosses": [
"(Australia, colloquial) Roads sealed with bitumen, as opposed to dirt roads."
],
"tags": [
"Australia",
"colloquial",
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Canadian English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "21 13 24 31 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
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"_dis": "27 22 17 20 13",
"kind": "topical",
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{
"_dis": "35 16 15 28 6",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Petroleum",
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"Liquids",
"Carbon",
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],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Canadian deposits of extremely heavy crude oil."
],
"id": "en-bitumen-en-noun-~p-MuUwl",
"raw_glosses": [
"(Canada) Canadian deposits of extremely heavy crude oil."
],
"tags": [
"Canada",
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbɪt.jʊ.mɪn/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbɪt͡ʃ.ʊ.mɪn/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbɪt͡ʃ.ʊ.mɪn/",
"tags": [
"Canada"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbɪt.jʊ.mɪn/",
"tags": [
"Canada"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bɪˈtumən/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bɪˈtjumən/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/baɪˈtumən/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Mélange a trois-bitumen.wav",
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"tags": [
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],
"text": "Audio (UK)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"bitumen"
],
"word": "bitumen"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "bitūmen"
},
"expansion": "Latin bitūmen",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin bitūmen.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bitumens",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bitumening",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "bitumened",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "bitumened",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "bitumen (third-person singular simple present bitumens, present participle bitumening, simple past and past participle bitumened)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "27 22 17 20 13",
"kind": "topical",
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"name": "Natural resources",
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],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1926, Rudyard Kipling, “The Prophet and the Country”, in Debits and Credits, →OCLC, page 155",
"text": "another star reflected itself in the glassy black of the bitumened road",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1937, Lady Ethel Stefana Drower, Mandaeans of Iraq and Iran, Brill Archive, →LCCN, page 122",
"text": "The Litlata community have now built a mandi set in a pleasant garden, and to ensure the cleanliness of their yardna have bricked and bitumened the pool into which the water flows",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1984, Dennis Hancock, Wheels of Progress: History of the Road Transport Industry in Western Australia, 1829-1983, Access Press, page 145",
"text": "Work is already under way to complete the bitumening of Western Australia's last unsurfaced stretch of Highway One, between Fitzroy Crossing and Hall's Creek.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2013, Janice Cooper, Crossing the Divide: A History of Alpha and Jericho Districts, Boolarong Press, page 176",
"text": "The development of water reticulation occurred in parallel with street work — forming, kerbing, channelling and bitumening.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To cover or fill with bitumen."
],
"id": "en-bitumen-en-verb-OPoz9dkf",
"links": [
[
"cover",
"cover"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "asphalt"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "bituminize"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbɪt.jʊ.mɪn/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbɪt͡ʃ.ʊ.mɪn/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbɪt͡ʃ.ʊ.mɪn/",
"tags": [
"Canada"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbɪt.jʊ.mɪn/",
"tags": [
"Canada"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bɪˈtumən/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bɪˈtjumən/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/baɪˈtumən/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
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],
"text": "Audio (UK)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
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],
"word": "bitumen"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 3-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English nouns with irregular plurals",
"English terms borrowed from Latin",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"en:Natural resources",
"en:Petroleum"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "bitumen of Judea"
},
{
"word": "bituminous"
},
{
"word": "bitumoid"
},
{
"word": "crude bitumen"
},
{
"word": "modified bitumen"
},
{
"word": "pyrobitumen"
},
{
"word": "refined bitumen"
}
],
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{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "bitūmen"
},
"expansion": "Latin bitūmen",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin bitūmen.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bitumina",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bitumens",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
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"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
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],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2014 August 24, Jeff Howell, “Home improvements: gravel paths and cutting heating bills [print version: Cold comfort in technology, 23 August 2014, p. P5]”, in The Daily Telegraph (Property)",
"text": "You need to excavate and remove the topsoil, line the subsoil with a geotextile, then lay and compact hardcore. Follow this with a layer of compacted \"hoggin\" – compacted clay, gravel and sand. This is then sprayed with hot bitumen, and has a layer of pea shingle rolled into it.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A sticky, black, highly viscous liquid or semi-solid form of petroleum, burning with a bright flame. It occurs as an abundant natural product in many places, as on the shores of the Dead and Caspian Seas. It is used in cements, in the construction of pavements, etc.; Mineral pitch."
],
"links": [
[
"Caspian Sea",
"Caspian Sea"
],
[
"cement",
"cement"
],
[
"pavement",
"pavement"
],
[
"pitch",
"pitch"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "Jew's pitch"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Any one of the natural hydrocarbons, including the hard, solid, brittle varieties called asphalt, the semisolid maltha and mineral tars, the oily petrolea, and even the light, volatile naphthas."
],
"links": [
[
"hydrocarbon",
"hydrocarbon"
],
[
"brittle",
"brittle"
],
[
"asphalt",
"asphalt"
],
[
"maltha",
"maltha"
],
[
"tar",
"tar"
],
[
"petrolea",
"petrolea"
],
[
"naphtha",
"naphtha"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(by extension) Any one of the natural hydrocarbons, including the hard, solid, brittle varieties called asphalt, the semisolid maltha and mineral tars, the oily petrolea, and even the light, volatile naphthas."
],
"tags": [
"broadly",
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Australian English",
"English colloquialisms"
],
"glosses": [
"Roads sealed with bitumen, as opposed to dirt roads."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Australia, colloquial) Roads sealed with bitumen, as opposed to dirt roads."
],
"tags": [
"Australia",
"colloquial",
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Canadian English"
],
"glosses": [
"Canadian deposits of extremely heavy crude oil."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Canada) Canadian deposits of extremely heavy crude oil."
],
"tags": [
"Canada",
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbɪt.jʊ.mɪn/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbɪt͡ʃ.ʊ.mɪn/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbɪt͡ʃ.ʊ.mɪn/",
"tags": [
"Canada"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbɪt.jʊ.mɪn/",
"tags": [
"Canada"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bɪˈtumən/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bɪˈtjumən/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/baɪˈtumən/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Mélange a trois-bitumen.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b7/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-M%C3%A9lange_a_trois-bitumen.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-M%C3%A9lange_a_trois-bitumen.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b7/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-M%C3%A9lange_a_trois-bitumen.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-M%C3%A9lange_a_trois-bitumen.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"UK"
],
"text": "Audio (UK)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "mineral pitch",
"word": "Jew’s lime"
},
{
"sense": "mineral pitch",
"word": "Jew’s pitch"
},
{
"sense": "mineral pitch",
"word": "Jew’s slime"
},
{
"sense": "mineral pitch",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "slime"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "Mineral pitch",
"word": "bitum"
},
{
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "śilajôtu",
"sense": "Mineral pitch",
"word": "শিলাজতু"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "bitum",
"sense": "Mineral pitch",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "битум"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "Mineral pitch",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "betum"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "Mineral pitch",
"word": "瀝青"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "lìqīng",
"sense": "Mineral pitch",
"word": "沥青"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "Mineral pitch",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"neuter"
],
"word": "aardpek"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "Mineral pitch",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "bitumen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "Mineral pitch",
"word": "bitumi"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "Mineral pitch",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bitume"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "Mineral pitch",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Bitumen"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "ásphaltos",
"sense": "Mineral pitch",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ἄσφαλτος"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "kheimahr",
"sense": "Mineral pitch",
"word": "חמר"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "Mineral pitch",
"word": "bitume"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "Mineral pitch",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "asfalto"
},
{
"alt": "れきせい",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "rekisei",
"sense": "Mineral pitch",
"word": "歴青"
},
{
"alt": "れきせい",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "rekisei",
"sense": "Mineral pitch",
"word": "瀝青"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "Mineral pitch",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "bitūmen"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "Mineral pitch",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bitum"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "Mineral pitch",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bitumin"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "Mineral pitch",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bitumen"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "Mineral pitch",
"word": "betume"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "Mineral pitch",
"word": "bitum"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "bítum",
"sense": "Mineral pitch",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "би́тум"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "Mineral pitch",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bìth"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "Mineral pitch",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "teàrr"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "Mineral pitch",
"word": "brea"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "Mineral pitch",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bitumen"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "Mineral pitch",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "bitumen"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "yaang-má-dtɔi",
"sense": "Mineral pitch",
"word": "ยางมะตอย"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "Mineral pitch",
"word": "bitüm"
},
{
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "bitumen",
"sense": "Mineral pitch",
"word": "ביטומען"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"bitumen"
],
"word": "bitumen"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 3-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English nouns with irregular plurals",
"English terms borrowed from Latin",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"en:Natural resources",
"en:Petroleum"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "bitūmen"
},
"expansion": "Latin bitūmen",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin bitūmen.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bitumens",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bitumening",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "bitumened",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "bitumened",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "bitumen (third-person singular simple present bitumens, present participle bitumening, simple past and past participle bitumened)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "asphalt"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1926, Rudyard Kipling, “The Prophet and the Country”, in Debits and Credits, →OCLC, page 155",
"text": "another star reflected itself in the glassy black of the bitumened road",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1937, Lady Ethel Stefana Drower, Mandaeans of Iraq and Iran, Brill Archive, →LCCN, page 122",
"text": "The Litlata community have now built a mandi set in a pleasant garden, and to ensure the cleanliness of their yardna have bricked and bitumened the pool into which the water flows",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1984, Dennis Hancock, Wheels of Progress: History of the Road Transport Industry in Western Australia, 1829-1983, Access Press, page 145",
"text": "Work is already under way to complete the bitumening of Western Australia's last unsurfaced stretch of Highway One, between Fitzroy Crossing and Hall's Creek.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2013, Janice Cooper, Crossing the Divide: A History of Alpha and Jericho Districts, Boolarong Press, page 176",
"text": "The development of water reticulation occurred in parallel with street work — forming, kerbing, channelling and bitumening.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To cover or fill with bitumen."
],
"links": [
[
"cover",
"cover"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "bituminize"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbɪt.jʊ.mɪn/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbɪt͡ʃ.ʊ.mɪn/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbɪt͡ʃ.ʊ.mɪn/",
"tags": [
"Canada"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbɪt.jʊ.mɪn/",
"tags": [
"Canada"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bɪˈtumən/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bɪˈtjumən/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/baɪˈtumən/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Mélange a trois-bitumen.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b7/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-M%C3%A9lange_a_trois-bitumen.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-M%C3%A9lange_a_trois-bitumen.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b7/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-M%C3%A9lange_a_trois-bitumen.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-M%C3%A9lange_a_trois-bitumen.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"UK"
],
"text": "Audio (UK)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"bitumen"
],
"word": "bitumen"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (8203a16 and 304864d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.